As filed with Securities and Exchange Commission on April 15, 2015


UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

_______________

 

FORM 20-F

 

[ ] REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

OR

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

[ ] SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission file number 001-15264

 

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

(Translation of Registrant's name into English)

 

_______________

 

People's Republic of China

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

_______________

 

No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing
People's Republic of China (100082)

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

_______________

 

Ge Honglin

No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing
People's Republic of China (100082)

(86) 10 8229 8560

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

 

_______________

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.

 

Title of each class

Name of each exchange on which registered



American Depositary Shares*

New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

Class H Ordinary Shares**

 

*

Evidenced by American Depositary Receipts. Each American Depositary Share represents 25 H Shares.

**

Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

 


 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2014:

 

Domestic Shares, par value RMB1.00 per share

9,580,521,924

 

 

H Shares, par value RMB1.00 per share

3,943,965,968

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

Yes [X] No [ ]

 

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Yes [ ] No [X]

 

Note-Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

Yes [X] No [ ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

 

Yes [X] No [ ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer [X] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ]

 

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

U.S. GAAP [ ] International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board [X] Other [ ]

 

If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

 

Item 17 [ ] Item 18 [ ]

 

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

Yes [ ] No [X]

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

4

CERTAIN TERMS AND CONVENTIONS

5

PART I

10

ITEM 1.

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

10

ITEM 2.

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

10

ITEM 3.

KEY INFORMATION

10

ITEM 4.

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

30

ITEM 4A.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

66

ITEM 5.

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

66

ITEM 6.

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

93

ITEM 7.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

103

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

111

ITEM 9.

THE OFFER AND LISTING

112

ITEM 10.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

112

ITEM 11.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

126

ITEM 12.

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

130

PART II

 

131

ITEM 13.

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

131

ITEM 14.

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

131

ITEM 15.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

131

ITEM 16A.

AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

132

ITEM 16B.

CODE OF ETHICS

132

ITEM 16C.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

132

ITEM 16D.

EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

133

ITEM 16E.

PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

133

ITEM 16F.

CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

133

ITEM 16G.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

133

ITEM 16H.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

134

PART III

 

134

ITEM 17.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

134

ITEM 18.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

134

ITEM 19.

EXHIBITS

134

3

 


 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Certain information contained in this annual report, which does not relate to historical financial information, may be deemed to constitute forward-looking statements. The words or phrases "will likely result", "are expected to", "will continue", "is anticipated", "estimate", "project", "believe" or similar expressions are intended to identify "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results and those presently anticipated or projected. You should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to:

 

*

future general economic conditions;

   

*

future conditions in the international and China capital markets;

   

*

future conditions in the financial and credit markets;

   

*

future prices and demand for our products;

   

*

future PRC tariff levels for alumina and primary aluminum;

   

*

sales of our products;

   

*

the extent and nature of, and potential for, future development;

   

*

production, consumption and demand forecasts of bauxite, coal, alumina and primary aluminum;

   

*

expansion, consolidation or other trends in the primary aluminum industry;

   

*

the effectiveness of our cost-saving measures;

   

*

future expansion, investment and acquisition plans and capital expenditures;

   

*

competition;

   

*

changes in legislation, regulations and policies;

   

*

estimates of proven and probable bauxite reserves;

   

*

our research and development plans; and

   

*

our dividend policy.

   

These statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions and future developments, as well as other factors we believe are appropriate in particular circumstances. However, whether actual results and developments will meet our expectations and predictions depends on a number of risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations. These risks are more fully described in the section headed "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors."

 

Consequently, all of the forward-looking statements made in this annual report are qualified by these cautionary statements. We cannot assure you that the actual results or developments anticipated by us will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected effect on us or our business or operations.

 

4

 


 

CERTAIN TERMS AND CONVENTIONS

 

"Chalco", "the Company", "the Group", "our company", "we", "our" and "us" refer to Aluminum Corporation of China Limited and its subsidiaries and, where appropriate, to its predecessors;

 

"A Shares" and "domestic shares" refer to our domestic ordinary shares, with a par value of RMB1.00 each, which are listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange;

 

"alumina-to-silica ratio" refers to the ratio of alumina to silica in bauxite by weight;

 

"aluminum fabrication" refers to the process of converting primary aluminum or recycled aluminum materials into plates, strips, bars, tubes and other fabricated products;

 

"AUD" or "Australian dollars" refers to the lawful currency of the Commonwealth of Australia;

 

"Baotou Aluminum" refers to Baotou Aluminum Company Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under the PRC law;

 

"Baotou Group" refers to Baotou Aluminum (Group) Co., Ltd., one of our shareholders;

 

"bauxite" refers to a mineral ore that is principally composed of aluminum;

 

"Bayer process" refers to a refining process that employs a strong solution of caustic soda at an elevated temperature to extract alumina from ground bauxite;

 

"Board" refers to our board of directors;

 

"CBEX" refers to China Beijing Equity Exchange, an approved equity exchange for the transfer of state-owned assets;

 

"Chalco Energy" refers to Chalco Energy Co., Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary established under the PRC law;

 

"Chalco Hong Kong" refers to Chalco Hong Kong Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under Hong Kong Law;

 

"Chalco Iron Ore" refers to Chalco Iron Ore Holding Limited, our subsidiary until December 2013 when we disposed of 65% of its equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"Chalco Liupanshui" refers to Chalco Liupanshui Hengtaihe Mining Co., Ltd., 49% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Chalco Mining" refers to Chalco Mining Co., Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary established under the PRC law;

 

"Chalco Nanhai" refers to Chalco Nanhai Alloy Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of our Group established under the PRC law;

 

"Chalco Ruimin" refers to Chalco Ruimin Company Limited, our subsidiary until June 2013 when we disposed of 93.30% of its equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"Chalco Southwest Aluminum" refers to Chalco Southwest Aluminum Company Limited, our subsidiary until June 2013 when we disposed of 60% of its equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling" refers to Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling Company Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary until June 2013 when we disposed of its entire equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"Chalco Trading" or "CIT" refers to China Aluminum International Trading Co., Ltd., our wholly owned subsidiary established under the PRC law;

 

5

 


 

"Chalco Xing Xian" refers to the Bayer process production system and ancillary facilities at Xing Xian, Lvliang City of Shanxi Province with production capacity of 800,000 tonnes of metallurgical grade alumina per year;

 

"China" and the "PRC" refers to the People's Republic of China, excluding for purposes of this annual report, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan;

 

"China Nonferrous Metals Technology" refers to China Nonferrous Metals Processing Technology Co., Ltd.;

 

"Chinalco" and "Chinalco Group" refer to our controlling shareholder, Aluminum Corporation of China and its subsidiaries (other than Chalco and its subsidiaries) and, where appropriate, to its predecessors;

 

"Chinalco Finance" refers to Chinalco Finance Co., Ltd.;

 

"CSRC" refers to China Securities Regulatory Commission;

 

"C$" refers to the legal currency of Canada;

 

"Dongdong Coal" refers to Shaanxi Chengcheng Dongdong Coal Co., Ltd., 45% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals" refers to the energy-saving and emission reduction goals set out in China's 12th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development laid out in 2011, by which China expects to cut its per unit GDP energy consumption by 16 percent compared with the 2010 level by the end of 2015;

 

"Exchange Act" refers to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;

 

"Euros" or "EUR" refers to the lawful currency of the Euro zone;

 

"Fushun Aluminum" refers to Fushun Aluminum Company Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under the PRC law;

 

"Gansu Hualu" refers to Gansu Hualu Aluminum Company Limited, 51% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Gansu Huayang" refers to Gansu Huayang Mining Development Company Limited, 70% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Guangxi Huayin" refers to Guangxi Huayin Aluminum Company Limited, 33% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Guangxi Investment" refers to Guangxi Investment (Group) Co., Ltd., formerly known as Guangxi Development and Investment Co., Ltd., a PRC state-owned enterprise and one of our promoters and shareholders;

 

"Guizhou Development" refers to Guizhou Provincial Materials Development and Investment Corporation, a PRC state-owned enterprise and one of our promoters and shareholders;

 

"Guizhou Yuneng" refers to Guizhou Yuneng Mining Co., Ltd., 25% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"H Shares" refers to overseas listed foreign shares with a par value RMB1.00 each, which are listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange;

 

6

 


 

"Henan Aluminum" refers to Chinalco Henan Aluminum Company Limited, our subsidiary until June 2013 when we disposed of 90.03% of its equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"HK$" and "HK dollars" refer to Hong Kong dollars, the lawful currency of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the PRC;

 

"Hong Kong Stock Exchange" refers to The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited;

 

"Huaxi Aluminum" refers to Huaxi Aluminum Company Limited, our subsidiary until June 2013 when we disposed of 56.86% of its equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"Bayer-sintering combined process" and "Bayer-sintering series process" refer to the two methods of refining process developed in China which involve the combined application of the Bayer process and the sintering process to extract alumina from bauxite;

 

"Japanese Yen" refers to the lawful currency of Japan;

 

"Jiaozuo Wanfang" refers to Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum Manufacturing Co. Ltd., 17.246% of the equity interest of which was owned by us as of December 31, 2014. Jiaozuo Wanfang was our subsidiary from January 1, 2008 when we established de facto control over it to April 19, 2013 when it completed its private placement of A shares. On January 22 and 23, 2015, we disposed 0.396% total share capital of Jiaozuo Wanfangthrough the securities trading system of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. On March 2, 2015, we entered into a share transfer agreement with Geo-Jade Petroleum Corporation, pursuant to which we agreed to transfer 100,000,000 unrestricted tradable shares, representing 8.3136% of the total ordinary shares of Jiaozuo Wanfang to Geo-Jade Petroleum Corporation. On March 25, 2015, the Company received the share transfer approval from SASAC;

 

"Ka" refers to kiloamperes, a unit for measuring the strength of an electric current, with one kiloampere equaling to 1,000 amperes;

 

"kWh" refers to kilowatt hours, a unit of electrical power, meaning one kilowatt of power for one hour;

 

"Lanzhou Aluminum" refers to Lanzhou Aluminum Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of us since April 2007 and until July 2007 when it was divided into two wholly-owned entities: Lanzhou branch and Northwest Aluminum;

 

"Liancheng branch" refers to our wholly-owned branch, which was formerly known as Lanzhou Liancheng Longxing Aluminum Company Limited, before we acquired 100% of its equity interest;

 

"Listing Rules" and "Hong Kong Listing Rules" refers to the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, as amended;

 

"LME" refers to the London Metal Exchange Limited;

 

"Longmen Aluminum" refers to Shanxi Longmen Aluminum Co., Ltd., 55% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Luxin Company" refers to Jiexiu Luxin Coal Gasification Company Limited;

 

"MIIT" refers to Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the PRC;

 

7

 


 

"NDRC" refers to China National Development and Reform Commission;

 

"Ningxia Energy" refers to Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd. (formerly Ningxia Electric Power Group Co., Ltd.) and we acquired 70.82% of its equity interest in January 2013;

 

"Northwest Aluminum" refers to Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Branch, our wholly-owned branch until June 2013 when we disposed of all its assets to a subsidiary of Chinalco;

 

"NYSE" or "New York Stock Exchange" refers to the New York Stock Exchange Inc.;

 

"ore-dressing Bayer process" refers to a refining process we developed to increase the alumina-to-silica ratio of bauxite;

 

"Qingdao Light Metal" refers to Chalco Qingdao Light Metal Company Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary until June 2013 when we disposed of its entire equity interest to Chinalco;

 

"Qinghai Energy" refers to Qinghai Province Energy Development (Group) Co., Ltd., 21% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"refining" refers to the chemical process used to produce alumina from bauxite;

 

"Research Institute" refers to Zhengzhou Research Institute, our wholly-owned branch mainly providing research and development services;

 

"Rio Tinto" refers to Rio Tinto plc, a company incorporated in England and Wales, the shares of which are listed on the London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange;

 

"RMB" or "Renminbi" refers to the lawful currency of the PRC;

 

"SASAC" refers to State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council of China;

 

"SEC" refers to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission;

 

"Securities Act" refers to the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

 

"Shandong Aluminum" refers to Shandong Aluminum Industry Co., Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco;

 

"Shandong Huayu" refers to Shandong Huayu Aluminum and Power Company Limited, 55% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shanxi Jiexiu" refers to Shanxi Jiexiu Xinyugou Coal Industry Co., Ltd., 34% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shanxi Huasheng" refers to Shanxi Huasheng Aluminum Company Limited, 51% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shanxi Huaxing" refers to Shanxi Huaxing Aluminum Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of our Group;

 

"Shanxi Huaze" refers to Shanxi Huaze Aluminum and Power Co., Limited, 60% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shanxi Other Mines" refers to the seven of mines, in which we entrusted other party to conduct mining activities, including Shangtan mine, Jindui mine, Shicao mine, Nanpo mine, Xishan mine, Niucaogou mine and Sunjiata mine in Shanxi Province that became the mining areas of our new own mine in 2010;

 

"SHFE" refers to the Shanghai Futures Exchange;

 

8

 


 

"Simandou Project" refers to the project to develop and operate the Simandou iron ore mine located in Guinea in West Africa as further described in the Simandou joint development agreement dated July 29, 2010 entered into amongst Rio Tinto, Rio Tinto Iron Ore Atlantic Limited and us for the purpose of development of the Simandou Project;

 

"sintering process" refers to a refining process employed to extract alumina from bauxite by mixing ground bauxite with supplemental materials and burning the mixture in a coal-fired kiln;

 

"smelting" refers to the electrolytic process used to produce molten aluminum from alumina;

 

"tonne" refers to the metric ton, a unit of weight, that is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds;

 

"US$", "dollars" or "U.S. dollars" refers to the legal currency of the United States;

 

"Xinan Aluminum" refers to Xinan Aluminum (Group) Company Limited;

 

"Zhangze Electric Power" refers to Shanxi Zhangze Electric Power Co., Ltd.;

 

"Zunyi Alumina" refers to Chalco Zunyi Alumina Co., Ltd., 73.28% of the equity interest of which is owned by us; and

 

"Zunyi Aluminum" refers to Zunyi Aluminum Co., Ltd., 62.1% of the equity interest of which is owned by us.

 

Translations of amounts in this annual report from Renminbi to U.S. dollars and vice versa have been made at the rate of RMB6.2046 to US$1.00, the exchange rate as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board for December 31, 2014. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. See "Item 3. Key Information - Selected Financial Data - Exchange Rate Information" for historical exchange rates between the Renminbi and the U.S. dollar.

 

Any discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed therein are due to rounding.

 

9

 


 

PART I

ITEM 1.

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3.

KEY INFORMATION

A.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

   

 

Historical Financial Information

   
 

Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2014 and for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 included in this annual report on Form 20-F have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRSs, which includes all International Accounting Standards and Interpretations, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or the IASB. We disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations to Chinalco in June 2013. As a result, the operating results of our aluminum fabrication segment were presented as a discontinued operation in our consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013. Our consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2012 as presented in this annual report are revised to reflect the reclassification between continuing operations and discontinued operation accordingly. We make an explicit and unreserved statement of compliance with IFRSs with respect to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2014 and for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 included in this annual report. Ernst & Young, our independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an unqualified auditor's report on our consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2013 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity and statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

   
 

The following tables present selected comprehensive income data and cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 and selected statements of financial position data as of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 that were prepared under IFRSs. As the operating results of the aluminum fabrication segment have been presented as a discontinued operation in our consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013, the comparative figures for our consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 are revised to reflect the reclassification between continuing operations and discontinued operation accordingly. The selected financial information for the years ended and as of December 2012, 2013 and 2014 has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the audited consolidated financial statements and their notes included elsewhere in this annual report.

   
   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2014

   







   

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

   

(in thousands, except per share and per ADS data)

               
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME DATA

               
 

Continuing Operations

           
 

Revenue

113,060,949

138,205,723

143,436,995

169,431,235

141,772,292

22,849,546

 

Cost of sales

(105,647,804)

(130,835,875)

(143,425,940)

(166,679,798)

(141,138,806)

(22,747,447)

   







               
 

Gross profit

7,413,145

7,369,848

11,055

2,751,437

633,486

102,099

 

Selling and distribution expenses

(1,448,100)

(1,487,996)

(1,833,983)

(1,859,220)

(1,753,234)

(282,570)

 

General and administrative expenses

(2,449,996)

(2,553,358)

(2,750,222)

(2,946,879)

(4,832,156)

(778,802)

 

Research and development expenses

(162,021)

(206,430)

(184,683)

(193,620)

(293,766)

(47,346)

 

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment

(701,781)

(279,750)

(19,903)

(501,159)

(5,679,521)

(915,373)

               

10

 


 
 

Government grants

316,752

159,774

734,852

805,882

823,986

132,802

 

Other gains/(losses), net

471,281

502,462

(16,989)

7,399,252

356,935

57,528

 

Operating profit/(loss) from continuing operations

3,439,280

3,504,550

(4,059,873)

5,455,693

(10,744,270)

(1,731,662)

 

Finance costs, net

(2,190,355)

(2,916,791)

(4,060,624)

(5,233,070)

(5,670,338)

(913,892)

   







               
 

Operating profit/(loss) from continuing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    operations less finance costs

1,248,925

587,759

(8,120,497)

222,623

(16,414,608)

(2,645,554)

 

Share of profits of joint ventures

233,784

122,262

37,040

148,749

89,510

14,426

 

Share of profits of associates

239,458

400,706

256,081

511,869

350,575

56,502

   







               
 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from continuing operations

1,722,167

1,110,727

(7,827,376)

883,241

(15,974,523)

(2,574,626)

 

Income tax (expense)/benefit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from continuing operations

(398,739)

(121,175)

371,092

(339,551)

(1,074,910)

(173,244)

   







               
 

Profit/(loss) for the year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from continuing operations

1,323,428

989,552

(7,456,284)

543,690

(17,049,433)

(2,747,870)

 

Profit/(loss) per share from continuing operations

0.08

0.04

(0.52)

0.05

(1.20)

(0.19)

 

Discontinued operation

           
 

(Loss) /profit for the year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from discontinued operation

(354,290)

(299,048)

(1,187,299)

207,144

-

-

   







               
 

Profit/(loss) for the year

969,138

690,504

(8,643,583)

750,834

(17,049,433)

(2,747,870)

   







               
 

Profit/(loss) Attributable to:

           
 

Owners of the parent

778,008

237,974

(8,233,754)

975,246

(16,216,880)

(2,613,687)

 

Non-controlling interests

191,130

452,530

(409,829)

(224,412)

(832,553)

(134,183)

   







               
 

Dividends

154,179

-

-

-

-

-

   







               
 

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share

0.06

0.02

(0.61)

0.07

(1.20)

(0.19)

 

Earnings/(loss) per ADS

1.44

0.44

(15.22)

1.80

(29.98)

(4.83)

 

Dividends (expressed in RMB and
    US$ per share and per ADS)

           
 

Final dividends per share

-

0.0114

-

-

-

-

 

Final dividends per ADS

-

0.2850

-

-

-

-

 

Proposed dividends per share

0.0114

-

-

-

-

-

 

Proposed dividends per ADS

0.2850

-

-

-

-

-

               

11

 


 
   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2014

   







   

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

   

(in thousands)

               
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION DATA

 

 

 

Total current assets

41,324,547

49,969,708

49,016,016

63,065,421

63,474,383

10,230,213

 

Total non-current assets

99,997,492

107,164,449

126,000,866

136,441,633

129,157,588

20,816,425

   







               
 

Total assets

141,322,039

157,134,157

175,016,882

199,507,054

192,631,971

31,046,638

   







               
 

Total current liabilities

55,733,547

62,360,398

83,853,411

96,737,581

104,235,566

16,799,724

 

Total non-current liabilities

28,401,637

36,619,073

37,392,321

49,067,354

48,767,563

7,859,904

   







               
 

Total liabilities

84,135,184

98,979,471

121,245,732

145,804,935

153,003,129

24,659,628

   







               
 

Net assets

57,186,855

58,154,686

53,771,150

53,702,119

39,628,842

6,387,010

   







               
 

Long-term interest bearing loans and borrowings

           
 

    (excluding current portion)

27,723,867

35,968,526

36,635,652

46,294,828

44,769,211

7,215,487

   







               
 

Capital stock

13,524,488

13,524,488

13,524,488

13,524,488

13,524,488

2,179,752

   







               
   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2014

   







   

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

   

(in thousands)

               
 

OTHER FINANCIAL DATA

           
 

Net cash flows generated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from operating activities

7,103,859

2,489,756

1,122,352

8,251,338

13,773,049

2,219,813

 

Net cash flows used in investing activities

(8,260,317)

(9,714,547)

(23,153,090)

(7,686,069)

(4,921,338)

(793,177)

 

Net cash flows generated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from/(used in) financing activities

2,717,553

8,842,453

20,428,953

1,758,409

(3,970,741)

(639,967)

   







               
 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    and cash equivalents

1,561,095

1,617,662

(1,601,785)

2,323,678

4,880,970

786,669

   







               

12

 


 

 

Exchange Rate Information

   
 

The following table sets forth information concerning exchange rates between the Chinese Renminbi and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. These rates are provided solely for your convenience and are not necessarily the exchange rates that we used in this annual report or will use in the preparation of our periodic reports or any other information to be provided to you. The source of these rates is the Federal Reserve H.10 Statistical Release. On April 1, 2015, the exchange rate for Renminbi was US$1.00 = RMB6.1976.

   

 

Period

Period End

Average(1)

High

Low

     

(RMB per US$1.00)

   
           
           
 

2010

6.6000

6.7603

6.8330

6.6000

 

2011

6.2939

6.4475

6.6364

6.2939

 

2012

6.2301

6.2990

6.3879

6.2221

 

2013

6.0537

6.1412

6.2438

6.0537

 

2014

6.2046

6.1704

6.2591

6.0402

 

    September

6.1380

6.1382

6.1495

6.1266

 

    October

6.1124

6.1251

6.1385

6.1107

 

    November

6.1429

6.1249

6.1429

6.1117

 

    December

6.2046

6.1886

6.2256

6.1490

 

2015

       
 

    January

6.2495

6.2181

6.2535

6.1870

 

    February

6.2695

6.2518

6.2695

6.2399

 

    March

6.2103

6.2422

6.2741

6.1955

 

    April (through April 1, 2015)

6.1976

6.1976

6.1976

6.1976

           

 

(1)

Annual average are calculated by averaging the rates on the last business day of each month during the annual period. Monthly averages are calculated by averaging the rates on each business day during the month.

     

B.

CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

   
 

Not applicable.

   

C.

REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

   
 

Not applicable.

   

D.

RISK FACTORS

   
   
 

Our business and financial condition and results of operations are subject to various changing business, competitive, economic, political and social conditions in China and worldwide. In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this annual report, the following are some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements.

   
 

Our business is vulnerable to downturns in the general economy and industries in which we operate or which we serve. A reduction in demand could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   

13

 


 

 

Demand for our products depends on the general economy and level of activity and growth in the industries where we operate or serve. Development of the relevant industries is subject to various factors, including but not limited to market fluctuations of prices of commodities, general political or economic conditions, technology development, government investment plans and regulations, fluctuation in global production capacity and global and regional weather conditions, many of which are beyond our control. Unfavorable and volatile financial or economic conditions, such as those caused by the global financial and economic crisis since 2008, including the sovereign-debt crisis in the European Union in 2011 to 2012 and the continued weakness and uncertainty regarding the durability of the emerging economic recovery, have adversely affected the global economy and resulted in a significant decrease in our sales volumes. If a global recession recurs, demand for our products may continue to decline. In addition, concerns over inflation, energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability and cost of credit, unemployment, consumer confidence, declining asset values, capital market volatility and liquidity issues have created difficult operating conditions for us in the past and may continue to do so in the future. Furthermore, the PRC Government has, from time to time, adjusted its monetary, fiscal and other policies and measures to manage the rate of growth of the economy or the overheating and overcapacity in certain industries or markets. As a result, the general economy in the PRC or the world or any particular industry in which we operate or which we serve may grow at a lower-than-expected rate or even experience a downturn. Uncertainty about future economic conditions makes it challenging for us to forecast our results of operations, make business decisions and identify risks that may affect our business. If we are not able to timely and appropriately adapt to changes resulting from the difficult macroeconomic environment, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

   
 

Volatility in the prices of alumina, primary aluminum, other non-ferrous metal and other commodities may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

The prices of the products we produce and trade, including alumina, primary aluminum, other non-ferrous metal and coal products, have historically fluctuated and are expected to continue fluctuating in response to general economic conditions, supply and demand and the level of global inventories, which are beyond our control.

   
 

We price our alumina and primary aluminum products by reference to international and domestic market prices, and domestic supply and demand, each of which may fluctuate beyond our control. Primarily as a result of the recovery of the global economy from the global financial crisis, the Australian FOB spot price of alumina and the international spot price of primary aluminum on the LME reached a high of US$440 per tonne and US$2,802 per tonne, respectively, in the first half of 2011, compared with US$390 per tonne and US$2,447 per tonne, respectively, in 2010. However, since the third quarter of 2011, demand for alumina and primary aluminum has been negatively affected by the European debt crisis. As a result, the Australian FOB spot price of alumina and the international spot price of primary aluminum on the LME have been generally decreasing and reached a low of US$308 per tonne and US$1,837 per tonne, respectively, in 2012. In 2013, demand for alumina and primary aluminum fluctuated. The Australian FOB spot price of alumina reached a high of US$351.5 and a low of US$312.5 per tonne and the international spot price of primary aluminum on the LME reached a high of US$2,123.0 per tonne and a low of US$1,694.5 per tonne in 2013. In 2014, the Australian FOB spot price of alumina and the international cash priceof primary aluminum on the LME reached a high of US$357 per tonne and a low of US$307 per tonne and a high of US$2,089 per tonne and a low of US$1,634 per tonne, respectively. Our average external selling prices of self-produced alumina and primary aluminum were RMB2,470 per tonne and RMB13,551 per tonne respectively in 2014, which decreased by approximately 2.1% and 7.3%, respectively, from 2013 to 2014. Because most of our costs are fixed, we may not be able to respond promptly to a sudden decrease in alumina or primary aluminum prices. There is no assurance that there will be no further falls in prices of our key products, including alumina, primary aluminum and other non-ferrous metal, which may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   

14

 


 

 

In addition, as the profit margin of trading is based on price fluctuations in the short term, we need to make the correct prediction of the price fluctuations of the non-ferrous metal products and coal products on the markets to ensure the profit margin. If the price fluctuations on the market do not match our prediction, we may incur substantial losses. In addition, as we generate profit from the differences between the purchasing and sales prices of the non-ferrous metal products we deal in, significant fluctuations in the prices of the commodities we deal in may cause the value of the outsourced products in transit or in inventory to decline, and if the carrying value of our existing inventories exceeds the market price in the future periods, we may need to make additional provisions for our inventories' value. As a result, any significant fluctuation in international market prices could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

Our business requires substantial capital investments that we may be unable to fulfill.

   
 

Our plans to upgrade and expand our production capacity will require substantial capital expenditures. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - D. Property, Plants and Equipment - Our Expansion." We may also need additional funding for debt servicing, working capital, other investments, potential acquisitions and joint ventures and other corporate requirements. As a result, we expect to incur total capital expenditures of approximately RMB10 billion in 2015. We may seek external financing to satisfy our capital needs if cash generated from our operations is insufficient to fund our capital expenditures or if our actual capital expenditures and investments exceed our plans. Our ability to obtain external financing at reasonable costs and on acceptable terms is subject to a variety of uncertainties. Failure to obtain sufficient funding for our development plans could adversely affect our business and prospects.

   
 

We incurred losses in the past and may not achieve sustained profitability in the future.

   
 

Although we were profitable in 2013, we incurred a net loss of approximately RMB8.6 billion and RMB17.0 billion in 2012 and 2014, respectively. We may incur losses in the future and we cannot assure you that we will sustain profitability in the future.

   
 

In addition, we expect that we will continue relying on, in addition to our cash flows generated from operating activities, bank and other loans as well as proceeds from equity-linked notes and bond offerings, to fund our business operations and expansions. Our borrowing costs and access to the debt capital markets, and thus our liquidity, depend significantly on our public credit ratings. These ratings are assigned by rating agencies, which may reduce or withdraw their ratings or place us on "credit watch", which would have negative implications. A history of net losses may result in a deterioration of our credit ratings, which could increase our borrowing costs and limit our access to the capital markets, which in turn, could reduce our earnings and adversely affect our liquidity.

   
 

Our historical results may not be indicative of our future prospects.

   
 

We acquired an aggregate of 70.82% of the equity interest in Ningxia Energy on January 23, 2013. Ningxia Energy is an integrated power generation company with coal mines located in Ningxia Autonomous Region. Its principal business includes conventional coal-fire power generation and renewable energy generation. After the acquisition of Ningxia Energy, we have established an energy segment in January 2013 to include (i) operations of Ningxia Energy and (ii) our other energy related operations that were formerly included in our corporate and other operating segment. In addition, in line with our development strategy to focus on the development of our core business of alumina and primary aluminum operations, where we have established leading market positions, and to reduce future capital expenditures on iron ore development, improve asset-to-debt ratio and generate expected cash flows, we disposed of 65% of the equity interest in Chalco Iron Ore to a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco on December 26, 2013 pursuant to the approval of shareholders at the 2013 second extraordinary general meeting held on November 29, 2013. For details of the disposal of Chalco Iron Ore, please see "Item 4. Information on the Company - A. History and Development of the Company - Overseas Development." As a result, our historical results may not be indicative of our future prospects and result of operations.

   

15

 


 

 

Our failure to successfully manage our business expansion, including our expansion into new areas of business, would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and prospects.

   
 

We have invested in business expansion in line with our development strategy through organic growth, acquisitions and joint ventures. In addition to continuing to expand our existing business lines, we may, from time to time and when we deem appropriate, expand into new industries which we believe have synergies with our existing operations. For example, we have successfully enhanced our energy-related operations through the acquisition of Ningxia Energy in 2013 and participation in joint ventures and strategic investments in coal mining since 2010.

   
 

Our expansion has created, and will continue to place, substantial demand on our resources. Managing our growth and integrating the acquired businesses will require us to, among other things:

   

 

*

comply with the laws, regulations and policies applicable to the acquired businesses, including obtaining timely approval for the construction or expansion of production and mining facilities as required under the PRC law;

     
 

*

maintain adequate control on our business expansion to prevent, among other things, project delays or cost overruns;

     
 

*

gain market acceptance for new products and services and establish relationships with new customers and suppliers;

     
 

*

achieve sufficient utilization of new production facilities to recover costs;

     
 

*

manage relationships with employees, customers and business partners during the course of our business expansion and integration of new businesses;

     
 

*

attract, train and motivate members of our management and qualified workforce to support successful business expansion;

     
 

*

access debt, equity or other capital resources to fund our business expansion, which may divert financial resources otherwise available for other purposes;

     
 

*

divert significant management attention and resources from our other businesses; and

     
 

*

strengthen our operational, financial and management controls, particularly those of our newly acquired subsidiaries, to maintain the reliability of our reporting processes.

     

 

Any difficulty meeting the foregoing or similar requirements could significantly delay or otherwise constrain our ability to implement our expansion plans, or result in failure to achieve the expected benefits of the combination or acquisition or write-offs of acquired assets or investments, which in turn would limit our ability to increase operational efficiency, reduce marginal manufacturing costs or otherwise strengthen our market position. Failure to obtain the intended economic benefits from the business expansion could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In addition, we may also experience mixed results from our expansion plans in the short term.

   
 

Furthermore, there is no assurance that we will be able to identify attractive acquisition targets, negotiate acquisitions on favorable terms, obtain necessary governmental approvals on investments, if applicable, accurately estimate the mineral resources and reserves of these acquisition targets or obtain the necessary funding to complete such acquisitions on commercially acceptable terms or at all. Acquisitions may result in the incurrence and inheritance of debts and other liabilities, assumption of potential legal liabilities in respect of the acquired businesses, and incurrence of impairment charges related to goodwill and other intangible assets, any of which could harm our businesses, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, if any of the acquired businesses fails to perform as we expect, we may be required to recognize a significant impairment charge, which may materially and adversely affect our businesses, financial condition and results of operations. As a result, there can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve the strategic purpose of any acquisition, the desired level of operational integration or our investment return target.

   

16

 


 

 

Our joint ventures and strategic investment may not be successful.

   
 

We may from time to time enter into joint venture arrangements to grow our business and operations. For example, since 2010, we have participated in joint ventures and strategic investment in coal mining, in line with our development strategy to diversify our product offering and partially offset our future energy costs, as well as supply a portion of the coal we consume in our operations. In addition, we acquired 70.82% of the equity interest in Ningxia Energy in January 2013, which had joint ventures or held minority interests in a number of power generation companies.

   
 

We have non-controlling interests in a number of joint ventures. Although we have not been materially constrained by the nature of our ownership interests, no assurance can be given that our joint venture partners will not exercise their power of veto or their controlling influence in any of our joint ventures in a way that will hinder our corporate objectives and reduce any anticipated cost savings or revenue enhancement resulting from these joint ventures. In addition, whether or not we hold majority interests or maintain operational control in such joint ventures, such arrangements necessarily involve special risks and our joint venture partners may:

   
 

*

have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with or opposed to ours;

     
 

*

exercise veto rights so as to block actions that we believe to be in our or the joint venture's best interests;

     
 

*

take action contrary to our policies or objectives with respect to the investments; or

     
 

*

as a result of financial or other difficulties, be unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations under the joint venture, other agreements, such as contributing capital to expansion or maintenance projects.

     
 

Failure to maintain optimal utilization of our production facilities will adversely affect our gross and operating margins.

   
 

During the past a few years, we expanded the production capacity by completing the construction, upgrading or remoulding of some of our alumina and primary aluminum production facilities. We expect our production capacity expansion in recent years to increase our costs of sales, in particular, depreciation and amortization costs. If we are able to maintain satisfactory facility utilization rates and increase our production output, our production capacity expansion will enable us to reduce our unit costs through economies of scale, as fixed costs will be spread over a higher volume of output units. Conversely, underutilization of our existing and newly acquired or constructed production facilities may increase our marginal production costs and prevent us from realizing the intended economic benefits of our expansion. For example, as a result of the decrease in our procurement of imported bauxite from Indonesia in response to the change in Indonesian bauxite export policy, we suspended the operations of certain alumina production facilities in our Shandong branch, Henan branch and Zhongzhou branch with an aggregate annual designed production capacity of 170,000 tonnes in 2012, and due to large negative variation of mineral resource and the high costs of natural gas, our Chongqing branch suspended alumina production capacity of 800,000 tonnes in 2014, which adversely affected our results of operations and financial condition. Please see "- Our profitability and operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain a steady supply of raw materials at competitive prices." In addition, considering the sustained weak primary aluminum pricing environment and deterioration in primary aluminum prices which could not be offset through decreases in our costs, we implemented flexible production arrangements for certain alumina and primary aluminum production facilities since 2013. In addition, we abandoned certain primary aluminum and alumina production facilities with an aggregate annual designed production capacity of 157,500 and 30,000 tonnes, respectively, in 2014. We also increased our external purchases of alumina and primary aluminum for trading purposes to capitalize on fluctuating market prices and to enhance resource planning to achieve cost savings in our production. The increase in our external purchases has reduced our utilization of certain production facilities, but has not resulted in a proportionate decrease in fixed costs such as leases and depreciation of plant, property and equipment. Given our high proportion of fixed costs, failure to maintain historical utilization rates may adversely affect our gross and operating margins.

   

17

 


 

 

Furthermore, our primary aluminum production may be adversely affected by the administrative policies and orders implemented by the local governments to fulfill China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals. Please see "- We are subject to administrative policies and orders relating to China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals that could adversely affect our production."

   
 

We may be required to record impairment charges in the future.

   
 

If business conditions deteriorate, long lived assets need to be reviewed for possible impairment. An impairment loss needs to be recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. We recorded impairment loss on property, plant and equipment during the three years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014. In 2014, we recorded impairment loss for land use rights of RMB141 million for our Chongqing branch, impairment loss of property, plant and equipment of RMB5,680 million, impairment loss of mining rights of RMB35 million and impairment loss of computer software and other intangible assets of RMB73 million. We cannot guarantee that we will not incur increased impairment loss in the future, for various reasons including, but are not limited to, a sustained decline in our stock price, strategic decisions made in response to changes in economic and competitive conditions, the impact of the economic environment on our customer base or a material adverse change in our relationship with significant customers. If we record significant impairment charges, our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

   
 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of energy, and our profitability may decline if energy costs rise or if our energy supplies are interrupted.

   
 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of energy. Although we generally expect to meet the energy requirements for our alumina refineries and primary aluminum smelters from a combination of internal and external sources, our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected by the following:

   
 

*

significant increases in electricity costs; or

     
 

*

curtailment of the operation of one or more refineries or smelters due to our inability to extend energy supply contracts upon their expiration.

     
 

Cost of electricity is the principal production cost in our primary aluminum operations. Although our average electricity cost per kilowatt-hour, or kWh, of our primary aluminum smelters decreased by approximately 6.7% from 2013 to 2014, there is no assurance that demand for and prices of electricity will not increase in the future. If we are unable to pass on increases in energy costs to our customers, our operating margin, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

   
 

In addition, interruptions in the supply of power can result in costly production shutdowns, increased costs associated with restarting production and the waste of production in progress. A sudden loss of power, if prolonged, can cause damage to or the destruction of production equipment and facilities. In such an event, we may need to expend significant capital and resources to repair or replace the affected production equipment to restore our production capacity. In the past, various regions across China experienced shortages and disruptions in electrical power, especially during peak demand in the summer or during severe weather conditions. We cannot assure you that our operations will not suffer from shortages or disruptions in electrical power, any occurrence of which could have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   

18

 


 
 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of coal, and our operations may be adversely affected if we are not able to procure sufficient coal or if coal prices rise significantly.

   
 

We rely heavily on coal as our energy and fuel source in our operations. As we increase our alumina refining capacity, our consumption of coal will increase accordingly. If we are not able to obtain the amount of coal needed for our production due to a shortage of coal, constraints on coal transportation or any other reason, we may be forced to reduce our production output or suspend our alumina refining operations, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Although we have acquired equity interest in a number of coal mines, we expect to continue to rely substantially on third-party coal suppliers for the supply of coal. In addition, although our average purchase price per unit tonne of thermal coal used in our alumina production decreased from 2013 to 2014, there is no assurance that the price of coal will not increase in the future. If we are unable to pass on increases in coal prices to our customers or offset price increases through productivity improvements, our operating margin, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

   
 

Our business and industry may be affected by the development of alternative energy sources and climate change.

   
 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of coal. Coal combustion generates significant greenhouse gas and other pollutants, and the effects of climate change resulting from global warming and increased pollution levels may provide incentives for governments to promote or invest in "green" energy technologies such as wind, solar, nuclear and biomass power plants, or to reduce their consumption of conventional energy sources such as coal. A number of governments or governmental bodies have introduced or are contemplating legislative and regulatory changes in response to the potential impacts of climate change. These regulatory mechanisms may impact our operations directly or indirectly through customers or our supply chain. We may have to increase our capital expenditures in order to comply with such revised or new legislation or regulations, and may realize changes to profit or loss arising from increased or decreased demand for our products and indirectly, from changes in costs of goods sold, which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

   
 

In addition, we have invested in coal mining operations. We are affected by the growth of the PRC thermal power industry, which relies on coal as main source of fuel. The PRC thermal power industry may be affected by the development of alternative energy sources, climate change and global environmental factors. In particular, pursuant to China's 12th Five-Year Plan for Environmental Protection, the PRC government plans to continue to encourage the development of alternative energy sources, such as wind power, solar power, biomass and geothermal energy, from 2011 to 2015. As such, alternative energy industries may rapidly develop and gradually gain mainstream acceptance in the PRC and the rest of the world. If alternative energy technologies continue to develop and prove suitable for wide commercial application in the PRC and overseas, demand for conventional energy sources, such as coal, could be reduced, which could have a material and adverse effect on the coal mining industry and, consequently, our business, results of operations and financial condition.

   
 

We may be unable to continue competing successfully in the markets in which we operate.

   
 

We face competition from both domestic and international primary aluminum producers. Our principal competitors are domestic smelters, some of which are consolidating and expanding their production capacities. These smelters compete with our primary aluminum operations on the basis of cost, quality and pricing. In addition, we face increasing competition from international alumina and primary aluminum suppliers as a result of the elimination of tariffs on imports of primary aluminum and alumina into China. Increasing competition in our product markets may reduce our selling prices or sales volumes, which will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. If we are unable to price our products competitively, maintain or increase our current share of China's alumina and primary aluminum markets or otherwise maintain our competitiveness, our financial condition, results of operations and profitability could be materially and adversely affected.

   

19

 


 

 

Our overseas expansion exposes us to political and economic risks, commercial instability and events beyond our control in the countries in which we plan to operate.

   
 

We are currently undertaking a number of overseas projects, including the bauxite mining projects in Laos and Indonesia, which require significant capital investment. As we are new to these overseas markets, we cannot assure you that our overseas expansion or investments will be successful or that we will not suffer foreign exchange losses in connection with our overseas investment. For example, in 2007, we entered into a development agreement with the Queensland State Government of Australia ("Queensland State Government") to develop a bauxite and alumina project, the Aurukun Project. However, due to the change in market conditions of global aluminum industries, the Aurukun Project could no longer continue under the original framework. We engaged a series of negotiations with the Queensland State Government, but in June 2011, the Queensland State Government terminated the negotiation. As a result, we had a total impairment charge of RMB651 million of the carrying value of the capitalized development expenditures pertaining to the Aurukun Project in 2010 and 2011.

   
 

In addition, operations in the overseas markets also expose us to a number of risks including expropriation and nationalization of our assets in foreign countries, civil unrest, acts of terrorism, war, or other armed conflict; natural disasters; inflation; currency fluctuations, devaluations and conversion restrictions; confiscatory taxation or other adverse tax policies, governmental activities that limit or disrupt markets, restrict payments or limit the movement of funds, governmental activities that may result in the deprivation of contractual rights; lack of a well-developed legal system that makes it difficult to enforce our contractual rights; and governmental activities that may result in the inability to obtain or retain licenses required for operations.

   
 

Our profitability and operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain a steady supply of raw materials at competitive prices.

   
 

Historically, the price for bauxite, our most important raw material for alumina production, has been volatile. We obtain bauxite for our operations from three major sources, including mines that we own or jointly operate and external suppliers. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview - Raw Materials - Alumina - Supply." The extent to which we procure bauxite from each of these sources affect the security of our supply or cost of bauxite. The supply of bauxite could be affected by various factors, including geographic conditions of bauxite mines, government policies, market prices and competition, many of which are beyond our control. We rely on overseas suppliers to obtain a portion of bauxite we use for production, including Indonesia, a major source of imported bauxite of us. In May 2012, the Government of Indonesia imposed a ban on the exportation of 14 types of unprocessed minerals, including bauxite, with an exception for mining companies that plan to build local processing facilities. For mining companies with plans to build local processing facilities, the Government of Indonesia imposes a 20% export tariff on the exportation of these 14 types of minerals. In response to the change in Indonesian bauxite export policy, we reduced our procurement of bauxite from Indonesia, which resulted in a decrease in our total supply of imported bauxite. As a result, in 2012, we suspended the operations of certain alumina production facilities in our Shandong branch, Henan branch and Zhongzhou branch with an aggregate annual designed production capacity of 170,000 tonnes. In January 2014, the Government of Indonesia imposed an absolute ban on the exportation of unprocessed bauxite and nickel without any exception. Prices of imported bauxite may continue to increase as a result of such ban. In addition, as the result of the ban, since January 2014, we were not able to export the bauxite produced by our bauxite mines in Indonesia for the use of our alumina refineries in China. If we exhaust our stockpiles and cannot find an alternative source of imported bauxite at competitive prices, our financial condition, results of operations and profitability could be adversely affected.

   

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In addition, our results of operations are affected by increases in the cost of other raw materials and other key inputs such as energy. If we cannot obtain a steady supply of key raw materials at competitive prices, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

   
 

Any transportation interruption or any material increase in our transportation costs could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

Our operations require the reliable transportation of raw materials and supplies to our refining and smelting sites and finished products to our customers. Our alumina products are mainly transported by rail or trucks and our primary aluminum products are delivered to our customers primarily by rail. There is no assurance that we can always enjoy sufficient transportation capacity or we will not experience transportation interruption in the future. Furthermore, natural disasters may cause interruption to the transportation system, which could in turn affect the transportation of our products. In addition, any changes in fuel prices or fuel supply may be unpredictable and beyond our control. There is no assurance that shortage of fuel will not occur in the future. Any surge in fuel prices or shortage of fuel supply may lead to increases in our operation and transportation costs. If we are unable to make timely deliveries due to logistical and transportation disruptions, or transfer the increased costs to our customers, our production, reputation and results of operations may be adversely affected.

   
 

We may not successfully develop and implement new methods and processes.

   
 

A main objective of our research and development is to develop new methods and processes to improve the efficiency of our alumina refineries to increase our production yield from bauxite with low alumina-to-silica ratio. If the supply of high quality bauxite with a high alumina-to-silica ratio in China declines, our failure to develop such methods and processes and incorporate them into our production could impede our efforts to reduce unit costs and diminish our competiveness.

   
 

The bauxite reserve data in this annual report are only estimates, which may prove to be inaccurate.

   
 

The bauxite reserve data on which we base our production, revenue and expenditure plans are estimates that we have developed internally and may prove inaccurate. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities and qualities of reserves, including many factors beyond our control. If these estimates are inaccurate or the indicated tonnages are not recovered, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

   
 

Our mining operations have limited mine lives and eventual closure of these operations will entail costs and risks regarding ongoing monitoring, rehabilitation and compliance with environmental standards.

   
 

Our existing mining operations in the PRC and overseas have limited mine lives and will eventually be depleted. We need to perform certain procedures to remedy and rehabilitate the environmental and social impact that our mining operations have had on local communities and the environment. Remediation, rehabilitation, closure and removal of our facilities will incur various costs and are subject to various risks. The key costs and risks for mine closures include, but are not limited to, (i) long-term management of permanent engineered structures and acid rock drainage; (ii) closure in accordance with local or international environmental standards; (iii) orderly retrenchment of employees and the third-party contractors; and (iv) relinquishment of the site with associated permanent structures and community development infrastructure and programmes to new owners. There is no assurance that such closure of mines will be successful and without delays or additional costs, in which case we may be subject to increased costs, penalties or other administrative actions, damages to reputation, even suspension and cancellation of mining permits, the occurrence of which would cause a material and adverse effect to our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   

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Failure to discover new reserves or resources, maintain or enhance existing reserves or resources, develop new mining operations or expand our current mining operations could negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

Mining exploration is unpredictable in nature. The success of any mining exploration programme depends on various factors, many of which are beyond our control. Due to the unpredictable and speculative nature of the mining industry, there is no assurance that any exploration programme that we are currently undertaking or may undertake in the future will result in the discovery of valuable reserves or resources. There is no assurance that reported resources can be converted into reserves. Furthermore, actual results upon production may differ from those anticipated at the time of discovery. To access additional reserves in explored areas, we will need to successfully complete development projects, including but not limited to extending existing mines and developing new mines. There are a number of uncertainties inherent in the development and construction of any new mine or an extension of an existing mine, including but not limited to (i) the availability and timing of necessary governmental approvals; (ii) the timing and cost necessary to construct mining and processing facilities; (iii) the availability and cost of labor, utilities, auxiliary materials and other supplies and the accessibility of transportation and other infrastructure; and (iv) the availability of funds to finance construction and production activities. There is no assurance that any future exploration activities or development projects will extend the life of our existing mining operations or result in any new economic mining operations and such failure may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

Our significant indebtedness could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

We are subject to a high degree of financial leverage. We have relied, and expect to continue to rely, on both short-term and long-term borrowings to fund a significant portion of our capital requirements. As of December 31, 2014, we had approximately RMB75.2 billion in outstanding short-term bonds and short-term bank borrowings (including the current portion of long-term bank and other borrowings) and RMB44.8 billion in outstanding long and medium-term bonds and long-term bank and other borrowings (excluding the current portion of these borrowings). Please see Note 20 to our audited consolidated financial statements for more detailed information about our borrowings. Primarily as a result of this, we had net current liabilities of RMB40.8 billion as of December 31, 2014. This level of debt could have significant consequences on our operations, including:

   
 

*

making it more difficult for us to fulfill payment and other obligations under our outstanding debt, including repayment of our debt and credit facilities should we be unable to obtain extensions for any such debt or credit facilities before they mature. Please see "Item 5 - Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - B. Liquidity and Capital Resources" for maturities of our outstanding long-term borrowings;

     
 

*

reducing the availability of cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;

     
 

*

exposing us to interest rates fluctuations on our borrowings and the risk of being unable to rollover, extend or refinance our borrowings as necessary;

     
 

*

potentially increasing the cost of additional financing and making it more difficult for us to conduct equity financings in the capital markets or obtain government approvals to seek additional financing; and

     
 

*

putting pressure on our ADS price due to concerns of our ability to repay our debt.

     

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Our ability to meet our payment and other obligations under our outstanding debt depends on our ability to generate cash flows in the future or to refinance such debt. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations to satisfy our obligations under our outstanding debt and to fund other liquidity needs. If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flows to meet such obligations, we may need to refinance or restructure our debt, reduce or delay capital investments, or seek additional equity or debt financing. The sale of additional equity securities could result in dilution to our ADS holders. A shortage of financing could in turn impose limitations on our ability to plan for, or react effectively to, changing market conditions or to expand through organic and acquisitive growth, thereby reducing our competitiveness. We cannot assure you that future financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

   
 

The instruments governing our senior debt contain certain financial and other covenants that restrict our ability to pay dividends, raise further debt and take other corporate actions which may adversely affect our business.

   
 

We completed the issuance of US$350 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.625% senior perpetual capital securities and US$400 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior perpetual capital securities (together, the "Securities") in October 2013 and April 2014, respectively, through Chalco Hong Kong Investment Company Limited (the "Issuer") with guarantees to the repayment obligations of the Securities provided by seven of our subsidiaries including Chalco Hong Kong Limited (the "Subsidiary Guarantors"). The indentures governing the Securities contain a number of significant financial and other covenants. Such covenants restrict, subject to certain exceptions, among other things, our and our subsidiaries' ability to create, or have outstanding, any security interest upon our or our subsidiaries' present or future undertaking, assets or revenues to secure any indebtedness which is in the form of bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities which for the time being are, or are intended to be or capable of being, quoted, listed or dealt in or traded on any stock exchange or over-the-counter or other securities market ("Relevant Indebtedness") which is issued outside the PRC, our ability to create or have any Relevant Indebtedness which is issued outside the PRC, our ability to create or have outstanding any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Relevant Indebtedness which is issued outside the PRC and the Issuer's, Subsidiary Guarantors' and their respective subsidiaries' ability to create, or have outstanding, any security interest upon their present or future undertaking, assets or revenues to secure any Relevant Indebtedness or any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Relevant Indebtedness or to sell or otherwise dispose of capital stock held or controlled by it in any direct or indirect subsidiary of Chalco Hong Kong Limited which is not a Subsidiary Guarantor.

   
 

As a result of the covenants, our ability to pay dividends or other distributions on our common shares and the ADSs may be limited. These covenants also restrict our ability to raise additional fund in the future through issuing Relevant Indebtedness which is issued outside the PRC or creating or having any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Relevant Indebtedness which is issued outside the PRC and may restrict our ability to engage in some transactions that we expect to be of benefit to us.

   
 

The Securities are guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. A breach of any of the covenants in the indenture governing the Securities could result in a redemption of the Securities at our discretion or an increase of coupon rate if we do not redeem the Securities upon a breach of such covenants. If we default under the Securities in the future, the holders may enforce their claims against the guarantors to satisfy our obligations to them. In addition, such default may result in a default and acceleration of our senior debt and the holders of our senior debt could gain ownership of the capital stock of certain of our wholly owned subsidiaries (if such capital stock is pledged for such senior debt) and/or enforce their claims against the assets of the guarantors (if guarantee is provided for such senior debt). We conduct substantially all of our operations in China and substantially all of our assets are located in China and, if we default under our senior debt, we would lose control or ownership of our assets and operations in China and there may be few or no assets remaining with which we could conduct our business or from which the claims of our other creditors could be satisfied.

   

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The interests of our controlling shareholder who exerts significant influence over us may conflict with ours.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our largest shareholder, Chinalco, directly owned 38.56% of our issued share capital and indirectly owned an additional 2.77% of our issued share capital through its controlled entities. The interests of Chinalco may conflict or even compete with our interests and those of our public shareholders. Chinalco may take actions that are in the interest of its subsidiaries, associates and other related entities to our detriment. For example, Chinalco may seek to influence our decision as to the amount of dividends we declare and distribute. Any increase in our dividend payout would reduce funds otherwise available for reinvestment in our businesses and thus may adversely affect our future prospects and financial condition.

   
 

In addition, Chinalco and a number of its subsidiaries and associates provide a range of services to us, including engineering and construction services, social services, land and property leasing as well as the supply of raw and supplemental materials. It would be difficult to find an alternative source for some services that we receive from Chinalco. Our cost of operations may increase if Chinalco, its subsidiaries and associates are unable to continue providing such services to us.

   
 

We are subject to, and incur costs to comply with, environmental laws and regulations.

   
 

As we produce air emissions, discharge waste water, and handle hazardous substances at our bauxite mines, alumina refineries and aluminum smelters, we are subject to, and incur costs to comply with, environmental laws and regulations.

   
 

Given the magnitude, complexity and continuous amendments to these laws and regulations, compliance therewith may be onerous or may involve substantial financial resources and other resources to establish efficient compliance and monitoring systems. The liabilities, costs, obligations and requirements associated with these laws and regulations may therefore be substantial and may delay the commencement of, or cause interruptions to, our operations. Non-compliance with the relevant laws and regulations applicable to our operations may even result in substantial penalties or fines, suspension or revocation of our relevant licenses or permits, termination of government contracts or suspension of our operations. Such events could impact our operating results, financial condition and reputation, all of which could adversely impact the Group's ability to be profitable and attract new customers. We were fined for breaches of environmental laws and regulations and there is no assurance that there will not be any further breaches in the future.

   
 

In addition, the environmental laws and regulations in the PRC and other jurisdictions in which we operate continue to evolve. As a result, we may incur significant additional costs if relevant laws and regulations change or enforcement of existing laws and regulations becomes more rigorous. For instance, to comply with the requirement of desulphurization and denitration in China, we were requested to invest in upgrading or remoulding certain production facilities. Further, our overseas expansion projects are subject to foreign environmental laws and regulations. Failure to comply with environmental laws and regulations may trigger a variety of administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures, including the assessment of monetary penalties, the imposition of remedial requirements and the issuance of orders enjoining future operations, all of which may materially and adversely affect our business operations.

   

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We are subject to administrative policies and orders relating to China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals that could adversely affect our production.

   
 

We are subject to administrative energy-saving and emission reduction policies and orders carried out by the central and provincial governments in accordance with China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals. In 2010 and 2011, some of our primary aluminum production facilities were subject to power rationing carried out by some provincial governments to fulfill their energy-saving and emission reduction goals. Although power rationing only slightly reduced our primary aluminum production in 2010 and 2011 and the PRC central government has denounced it as an improper means to fulfill the Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals, some or all of our primary aluminum production facilities may be subject to power rationing or other similar policies and orders from time to time in the future, which may adversely affect our production. On July 18, 2013, the Ministry of Industry and InformationTechnology of the PRC ("MIIT") issued the Standard Conditions for Aluminum Industry, which sets forth various standards for existing and new projects, including standards for environment protection, energy consumption, and utilization of resources. In order to meet these standards, we may be required to update our equipment and improve our technology, which could delay our production or result in additional costs and expenses. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

   
 

Our business is subject to unplanned business interruptions that may adversely affect our performance.

   
 

We may experience accidents in the course of our operations, which may cause significant property damage and personal injuries. Significant accidents and natural disasters may cause interruptions to our operations or result in property or environmental damage, an increase in operating expenses or loss of revenues. The occurrence of accidents, natural disasters and the resulting consequences may not be covered adequately, or at all, by the insurance policies we carry. Losses or payments incurred by us as a result of major accidents or natural disasters may have a material and adverse effect on our results of operations if such losses or payments are not fully insured.

   
 

We have not obtained valid titles or land use rights to certain properties or land parcels that we occupy.

   
 

We had not obtained valid ownership certificates to certain properties that we occupy. These properties are used primarily for production plants and daily operations management. As of December 31, 2014, the book value of our properties with defective titles is RMB5,898.0 million, which represented approximately 14.9% of our net asset value. In addition, we had not obtained land use rights to certain land parcels, which we use primarily for our production plants. As of December 31, 2014, the book value of these land parcels is RMB398.6 million, represented approximately 1.0% of our net asset value. We have applied to the appropriate authorities to obtain the relevant ownership certificates. We cannot give any assurance that ownership dispute will not occur or that third parties will not assert any claims against us for compensation in respect of any use of these properties or land parcels.

   
 

Our business involves inherent risks and occupational hazards, which could damage our reputation, subject us to liability claims and cause substantial costs to us.

   
 

Our business involves inherent risks and occupational hazards. Under our mining operations, we engage or may engage in certain inherently risky and hazardous activities, including, among others, operations at height or on dangerous terrains, underground excavation and construction, use of heavy machinery, mining and handling of flammable and explosive materials, and we are therefore subject to risks associated with these activities, including, among others, geological catastrophes, toxic gas and liquid leakages, equipment failures, industrial accidents, fire, explosions and underground water leakages. Although we conduct geological assessments on mining conditions and adapt our mining plans to the mining conditions at each mine, we cannot assure you that adverse mining conditions will not endanger our workforce, increase our production costs, reduce our bauxite or coal output or temporarily suspend our operations. The occurrence of any of the foregoing events or conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations. Additionally, we are exposed to operational risks associated with industrial or engineering activities, such as maintenance problems or equipment failures. These risks and hazards may result in personal injury and fatal casualties, damage to or destruction of properties or production facilities, and pollution and other environmental damage. Any of these consequences, to the extent they are significant, could result in business interruption, possible legal liability and damage to our business reputation and corporate image.

   

25

 


 

 

Our mines and operating facilities may be damaged by water, gas, fire or cave-ins due to unstable geological structures. Any significant accident, business disruption or safety incident could result in substantial uninsured costs and the diversion of our resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business operations and financial condition.

   
 

We may be subject to product liability claims.

   
 

Some of the products we sell or manufacture may expose us to product liability claims relating to property damage or personal injury. The successful assertion of product liability claims against us could result in significant damage payments and harm to our reputation, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

We are subject to risks normally associated with cross-border transactions, and our export products have been and may become subject to anti- dumping or countervailing duty proceedings.

   
 

We generate revenue from exports of certain alumina chemical products and certain non-ferrous metals and minerals products to foreign jurisdictions. Such foreign jurisdictions may take restrictive measures, including, among others, anti-dumping duties and other non-tariff barriers, to protect their own markets. Our sales in major overseas markets may be adversely affected by increases in or new impositions of anti-dumping duties, countervailing duties, quotas or tariffs imposed on our exports. Further increases in or new imposition of anti-dumping duties, countervailing duties, quotas or tariffs on our sales in these markets could adversely affect the exports to these regions in the future. By virtue of our transactions with parties outside the PRC, we will be subject to the risks normally associated with cross-border business transactions and activities. We will also be exposed to the risk of changes in social, legal, political and economic conditions in the foreign jurisdictions to which we export. In particular, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers and price or exchange controls could limit our operations and make the repatriation of profits difficult.

   
 

We are subject to litigation risks.

   
 

In the ordinary course of business, claims involving project owners, customers, suppliers and subcontractors may be brought against us and by us in connection with our contracts. If we were found to be liable on any of the claims, we would have to incur a charge against earnings to the extent a reserve had not been established for the matter in our accounts, or to the extent the claims were not sufficiently covered by our insurance coverage. Both claims brought against us and by us, if not resolved through negotiations, are often subject to lengthy and expensive litigation or arbitration proceedings. Charges associated with claims brought against us and write-downs associated with claims brought by us could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. Moreover, legal proceedings resulting in judgments or findings against us may harm our reputation and damage our prospects for future contract awards.

   
 

We face counterparty risks.

   
 

While we generally sell goods and provide services to reputable customers and evaluate the customers' credit in accordance with our internal risk management criteria, such as their credit history and likelihood of default, we have limited access to information about our customers and we may encounter difficulties in the collection of receivables in certain countries that we have less experience in our dealings. Therefore, we cannot guarantee that all of our customers will fully perform their obligations under their respective contracts with us, and the deterioration of any customers' credit or payment conditions may result in those customers defaulting on their contractual obligations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, disputes with governmental entities and other public organizations could potentially lead to contract termination if these remain unresolved or may take a considerably longer period of time to resolve than disputes with counterparties in the private sector, and payments from these entities and organizations may be delayed as a result.

   

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We may be exposed to claims in relation to the unsatisfactory performance of third-party service providers, and disputes with business partners may also adversely affect our business.

   
 

We rely on third-party service providers for certain services, including but not limited to mining infrastructure construction, logistics services or warehouse management. Therefore, we are exposed to the risk that our third-party service providers may fail to perform their obligations, which may adversely affect our business operations. In addition, from time to time, we co-operate with business partners to develop our business, including acquiring strategic mining resources or businesses that complement our own business line. Furthermore, we operate certain mining projects through joint venture arrangements and may enter into further joint ventures in the future along with the expansion of our operations. We may have disputes with these business partners or joint venture partners over various aspects, such as performance of each party's obligations, scope of each party's responsibilities, product quality and logistics services. If such disputes cannot be settled in a timely manner, our financial condition and business may be adversely affected.

   
 

Failure to hire and retain management executives, technicians and other qualified personnel could adversely affect our business and prospects.

   
 

The growth of our business operations depends on the continued services of our senior management team. The industry experience, expertise and contributions of our executives and other members of our senior management are essential to our continued success. We will require an increasing number of experienced and competent executives in the future to implement our growth plans. If we were to lose the services of any of our key management members and were unable to recruit and retain personnel with equivalent qualifications at any time, the management and growth of our business could be adversely affected.

   
 

Competition for qualified personnel in general is intense in the PRC and other markets where we operate. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to maintain an adequate skilled labor force necessary for us to execute our projects or to perform other corporate activities, nor can we guarantee that staff costs will not increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of skilled personnel. If we fail to attract and retain personnel with suitable managerial, technical or marketing expertise or maintain an adequate labor force on a continuous basis, our business operations could be adversely affected and our future growth and expansions may be inhibited.

   
 

We may not be able to detect and prevent fraud or other misconduct committed by our employees, representatives, agents, customers or other third parties.

   
 

We may be exposed to fraud or other misconduct committed by our employees, representatives, agents, customers or other third parties that could subject us to litigation, financial losses and sanctions imposed by governmental authorities, as well as affect our reputation. These misconduct could include:

   
 

*

hiding unauthorized or unsuccessful activities, resulting in unknown and unmanaged risks or losses;

     
 

*

intentionally concealing material facts, or failing to perform necessary due diligence procedures designed to identify potential risks, which are material to us in deciding whether to make investments or dispose of assets;

     
 

*

improperly using or disclosing confidential information;

     

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*

engaging in improper activities such as offering bribes to counterparties in return for any type of benefits or gains;

     
 

*

misappropriation of funds;

     
 

*

conducting transactions that exceed authorized limits;

     
 

*

engaging in misrepresentation or fraudulent, deceptive or otherwise improper activities;

     
 

*

engaging in unauthorized or excessive transactions to the detriment of our customers; or

     
 

*

otherwise not complying with applicable laws or our internal policies and procedures.

     
 

Our internal control procedures are designed to monitor our operations and ensure overall compliance. However, such internal control procedures may be unable to identify all incidents of non-compliance or suspicious transactions in a timely manner if at all. Furthermore, it is not always possible to detect and prevent fraud and other misconduct, and the precautions we take to prevent and detect such activities may not be effective.

   
 

There is no assurance that fraud or other misconduct will not occur in the future. If such fraud or other misconduct does occur, it may cause negative publicity as a result, and could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

   
 

Our operations are affected by a number of risks relating to conducting business in the PRC.

   
 

As a significant majority of our assets and operations are located in the PRC, we are subject to a number of risks relating to conducting business in the PRC, including the following:

   

 

*

The central and local PRC government continues to exercise a substantial degree of control and influence over the aluminum industry in China and shape the structure and development of the industry through the imposition of industry policies governing major project approvals and safety, environmental and quality regulations. If the PRC government changes its current policies or the interpretation of those policies that are currently beneficial to us, we may face pressure on profit margins and significant constraints on our ability to expand our business operations.

     
 

*

Although China has been transitioning from a planned economy to a market-oriented economy, a substantial portion of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government. The PRC government also exercises significant control over China's economic growth through the allocation of resources, control of payments of obligations denominated in foreign currencies and monetary and tax policies. Some of these measures benefit the overall economy of China, but may have a materially adverse impact on us.

     
 

*

In 2005, China adopted a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of the Renminbi to fluctuate within a regulated band based on supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. Since then the exchange rate between U.S. dollar and Renminbi has fluctuated and become increasingly unpredictable following the global financial crisis with increasing pressure on the Renminbi to appreciate. In April 2012, the PRC government took a milestone step in turning the Renminbi into a global currency by doubling the size of its trading band against the U.S. dollar, pushing through a crucial reform that further liberalizes its financial markets. The People's Bank of China further allows the Renminbi to rise or fall 2% from a mid-point every day, effective on March 17, 2014, compared with its previous 1% limit. Any appreciation of the Renminbi will affect the value of our US dollar-denominated borrowings and overseas investments, increase the prices of our export sales denominated in foreign currencies and reduce the Renminbi equivalent value of our trade and notes receivable denominated in foreign currencies, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Our financial condition and operating performance may also be affected by changes in the value of currencies other than Renminbi in which our earnings and obligations are denominated.

     

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*

The PRC legal system is still under development. Laws are enacted and amended and regulations are improving regularly and issued relatively frequently. Because of this and the limited volume of published decisions and their lack of binding precedential nature, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws and regulations involve uncertainties. The inability to enforce or obtain a remedy under any of our present or future agreements could result in a significant loss of business, business opportunities or capital.

     
 

The audit reports included in this annual report are prepared by auditors who are not inspected by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and, as such, you are deprived of the benefits of such inspection.

   
 

Auditors of companies that are registered with the SEC and traded publicly in the United States, including our independent registered public accounting firms, must be registered with the US Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the "PCAOB") and are required by the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess their compliance with the laws of the United States and professional standards. Because we have substantial operations within the PRC and the PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections of the work of our auditors as they relate to those operations without the approval of the Chinese authorities, our auditors' work related to our operations in China is not currently inspected by the PCAOB.

   
 

This lack of PCAOB inspections of audit work performed in China prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating audit work of any auditor that was performed in China including that performed by our auditors. As a result, investors may be deprived of the full benefits of PCAOB inspections.

   
 

The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of audit work performed in China makes it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our auditors' audit procedures as compared to auditors in other jurisdictions that are subject to PCAOB inspections on all of their work. Investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information and procedures and the quality of our financial statements.

   
 

Proceedings instituted recently by the SEC against five PRC-based accounting firms could result in our financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act.

   
 

In December 2012, the SEC brought administrative proceedings against five accounting firms in China, alleging that they had refused to produce audit work papers and other documents related to certain other China-based companies under investigation by the SEC for potential accounting fraud. On January 22, 2014, an initial administrative law decision was issued, censuring these accounting firms and suspending four of the five firms from practicing before the SEC for a period of six months. The decision is neither final nor legally effective unless and until reviewed and approved by the SEC. The four firms which are subject to the six month suspension from practicing before the SEC have recently appealed the initial administrative law decision to the SEC. The sanction will not become effective until after a full appeal process is concluded and a final decision is issued by the SEC. The accounting firm can also further appeal the final decision of the SEC through the federal appellate courts. We were not and are not subject to any SEC investigations, nor are we involved in the proceedings brought by the SEC against the accounting firms. However, the independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit reports included in our annual reports filed with the SEC is affiliated to one of the four accounting firms above.

   

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On May 24, 2013, the PCAOB announced that it had entered into a Memorandum of Understanding on Enforcement Cooperation with the CSRC and the Ministry of Finance of the PRC (the "MOF"), which establishes a cooperative framework between the parties for the production and exchange of audit documents relevant to investigations in the United States and China. In February 2015, each of the four accounting firms agreed to a censure and to pay a fine to the SEC to settle the dispute and avoid suspension of their ability to practice before the SEC. The firms' ability to continue to serve all their respective clients is not affected by the settlement. The settlement requires the firms to follow detailed procedures to seek to provide the SEC with access to Chinese firms' audit documents via the CSRC. If the firms do not follow these procedures, the SEC could impose penalties such as suspensions, or it could restart the administrative proceedings. The settlement did not require the firms to admit to any violation of law and preserves the firms' legal defenses in the event the administrative proceeding is restarted.

   
 

In the event that the SEC restarts the administrative proceedings, depending upon the final outcome, listed companies in the United States with major PRC operations may find it difficult or impossible to retain auditors in respect of their operations in the PRC, which could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, including possible delisting. Moreover, any negative news about the proceedings against these audit firms may cause investor uncertainty regarding China-based, United States-listed companies and the market price of our ADSs may be adversely affected.

   
 

If our independent registered public accounting firm were denied, temporarily, the ability to practice before the SEC and we were unable to timely find another registered public accounting firm to audit and issue an opinion on our financial statements, our financial statements could be determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act. Such a determination could ultimately lead to the delisting from the NYSE or deregistration from the SEC, or both, which would substantially reduce or effectively terminate the trading of our ADSs in the United States.

   

ITEM 4.

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

A.

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

   
 

We were incorporated as a joint stock limited company under the Company Law of the PRC on September 10, 2001 under the corporate name Aluminum Corporation of China Limited. Our principal executive and registered office is located in the People's Republic of China at No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China 100082, and our telephone number is (86) 10 8229 8560.

   
 

Pursuant to a reorganization agreement entered into among Chinalco, Guangxi Investment and Guizhou Development in 2001, substantially all of Chinalco's alumina and primary aluminum production operations, as well as a research institute and other related assets and liabilities, were transferred to us upon our formation. We acquired our bauxite mining operations and associated mining rights from Chinalco in a separate mining rights agreement.

   
 

We are a vertically integrated aluminum producer with operations in bauxite and coal mining, alumina refining and primary aluminum smelting. We also produce ancillary products and services derived from or related to our aluminum operations. In addition, we are engaged in trading of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, other non-ferrous metal products, coal products and raw and ancillary materials in bulk domestically and internationally. Since 2013, we have expanded our operations into power generation.

   
 

We have substantially increased the size and scope of our operations through organic growth as well as selective acquisitions and joint ventures. Our key operating assets currently include six subsidiaries mainly engaged in bauxite mining; one integrated alumina and primary aluminum production plant; eight stand-alone alumina refineries, including our Research Institute; 11 stand-alone primary aluminum smelters; one carbon production plantand one integrated power generation company with coal mining operations. All of our principal alumina and primary aluminum production facilities are operated in accordance with ISO14001 standards. In addition, as of December 31, 2014, we had one alumina production plant under construction.

   

30

 


 

 

Disposal of Aluminum Fabrication Business

   
 

In line with our development strategy to focus on the upstream sectors of the aluminum industry chain and the production of high value added products, we disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations to Chinalco pursuant to the approval of shareholders at the 2012 annual general meeting on June 27, 2013.

   
 

On May 13, 2013, we submitted the tender notice to CBEX to dispose of the equity interest we held in eight aluminum fabrication enterprises, including Henan Aluminum, Chalco Southwest Aluminum, Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling, Huaxi Aluminum, Qingdao Light Metal, Chalco Ruimin, Chalco Sapa Aluminum Products (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. and Guizhou Chalco Aluminum Co., Ltd. (collectively, "Aluminum Fabrication Interests") through open tender. Chinalco participated in and won the bid for the Aluminum Fabrication Interests on June 7, 2013. We entered into an agreement (the "Aluminum Fabrication Interests Transfer Agreement") with Chinalco on June 9, 2013 for the disposal of Aluminum Fabrication Interests for a consideration of RMB3,242.2 million. Such consideration was the initial bidding price, which was determined with reference to the appraised value of the Aluminum Fabrication Interests. Pursuant to the Aluminum Fabrication Interests Transfer Agreement, Chinalco will pay the consideration in cash in two installments, namely, 30% of the consideration to be paid within five business days after the effective date of the agreement and 70% of the consideration to be paid by June 30, 2014. Chinalco must pay interest for the second installment for the period starting from the date immediately after the effective date until the payment date at the one-year lending rate set by the PBOC. The disposal was approved at the 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013 and we completed the disposal on June 27, 2013. As of the date of this annual report, Chinalco had paid the first and the second installments in accordance with the Aluminum Fabrication Interests Transfer Agreement.

   
 

As a condition of the disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Interests, on June 9, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Chinalco to transfer the outstanding entrusted loans we provided to Henan Aluminum and Qingdao Light Metal as of December 31, 2012 to Chinalco for a consideration of RMB1,756.0 million. Such consideration was determined based on negotiations between the parties, with reference to the appraised total value of the loans. Pursuant to the agreement, Chinalco will pay the consideration in cash in five equal instalments of RMB351.2 million, with the last installment, together with the relevant interests at the one-year lending rate set by the PBOC, to be paid by June 30, 2017. The transfer was approved at the 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013 and we completed the transfer on June 27, 2013. As of the date of this annual report, Chinalco had paid the first and the second installments in accordance with the agreement.

   
 

In addition, we entered into an agreement with Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant, a subsidiary of Chinalco, on June 6, 2013 to dispose of all the assets of Northwest Aluminum for RMB1,659.6 million. Such consideration was determined based on negotiations between the parties, with reference to the appraised net asset value of Northwest Aluminum. Pursuant to the agreement, Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant will pay the consideration in cash in five equal instalments of RMB331.9 million, with the last installment, together with the relevant interests at the one-year lending rate set by the PBOC, to be paid by June 30, 2017. The disposal was approved at the 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013 and we completed the disposal on June 27, 2013. As of the date of this annual report, Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant had paid the first and the second installments in accordance with the agreement.

   

31

 


 

 

Disposal of Assets of Alumina Production Line of Guizhou Branch

   
 

On June 6, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Guizhou Aluminum Plant, a subsidiary of Chinalco, to dispose of the assets of alumina production line of our Guizhou branch for a consideration of RMB4,429.0 million. Such consideration was determined based on negotiations between the parties, with reference to the appraised net asset value of such alumina assets of our Guizhou branch. Pursuant to the agreement, Guizhou Aluminum Plant will pay the consideration in cash in five equal instalments of RMB885.8 million, with the last installment, together with the relevant interests at the one-year lending rate set by the PBOC, to be paid by June 30, 2017. The disposal was approved at the 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013 and we completed the disposal on June 27, 2013. As of the date of this annual report, Guizhou Aluminum Plant had paid the first and the second installments in accordance with the agreement.

   
 

We decided to dispose of the assets of alumina production line of Guizhou branch because the district in which they are located has been changed from an industrial district to a commercial district based on the local urban plan, which will significantly increase Guizhou branch's environmental compliance costs. We are in the process of building a new alumina production line in an area relatively close to major bauxite and coal mines in Guizhou Province.

   
 

Construction Projects

   
 

As of the date of this annual report, we have undertaken a number of facility expansion projects in China. See "- D. Property, Plants and Equipment - Our Expansion."

   
 

Overseas Development

   
 

On July 29, 2010, we entered into a joint development agreement with Rio Tinto and Rio Tinto Iron Ore Atlantic Limited, an affiliate of Rio Tinto, for the development and operation of the Simandou Project, a premium open-pit iron ore mine located in Guinea, West Africa. This agreement provides that we (via our subsidiary) would acquire 47% of the equity interest in a joint venture company to be incorporated by Rio Tinto for an earn-in payment of US$1.35 billion, and Rio Tinto would transfer its entire 95% of the equity interest in its project company for the Simandou Project, Simfer S.A., to the joint venture company.

   
 

On April 22, 2011, Rio Tinto Mining & Exploration Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Rio Tinto, Simfer S.A. and the Government of Guinea entered into a settlement agreement, which, amongst other things, provided that the Government of Guinea would be entitled to acquire up to 35% of the equity interest in Simfer S.A. On November 28, 2011, we, through Chalco Hong Kong, established Chalco Iron Ore under the laws of Hong Kong with the China-Africa Development Fund and three leading PRC enterprises in the steel, port building and railway construction industries to serve as an investment vehicle for investing in the Simandou Project. We, through Chalco Hong Kong, hold 65% and the other investors collectively hold 35% of the equity interest in Chalco Iron Ore.

   

32

 


 

 

Following the approvals of the relevant PRC authorities in March and April 2012, Chalco Hong Kong contributed approximately US$878 million to Chalco Iron Ore, representing 65% of the US$1.35 billion earn-in to be paid by Chalco Iron Ore to Simfer Jersey Limited, the joint venture company incorporated by Rio Tinto under the laws of Jersey to implement the joint development agreement, as amended. On April 24, 2012, Chalco Iron Ore paid in full the total earn-in payment of US$1.35 billion to Rio Tinto and acquired its 47% equity interest in Simfer Jersey Limited. Simfer Jersey Limited currently holds 95% of the equity interest in Simfer S.A., with the remaining 5% being held by International Finance Corporation. In addition, during the period from May 2012 to the end of 2013, Chalco Iron Ore injected approximately US$561.5 million in the form of capital contribution based on its proportion of equity interest to Simfer Jersey Limited for the development and operation of the Simandou Project pursuant to the joint development agreement, as amended. Meanwhile, the other shareholder of Simfer Jersey Limited also injected the capital contribution based on its proportion of equity interest to Simfer Jersey Limited. On October 18, 2013, we entered into a share purchase agreement with Chinalco and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Aluminum Corporation of China Overseas Holdings Limited ("Chinalco Overseas Holdings"), to dispose of 65% of the equity interest in Chalco Iron Ore and transfer outstanding bank loans provided by China Development Bank Corporation ("CDB") to Chinalco Overseas Holdings for a consideration of US$2,066.5 million (the "Equity Interest") and US$438.8 million (the "Loan Consideration"), respectively. The bank loans were used for Chalco Hong Kong's capital contribution in Chalco Iron Ore. The Equity Interest was determined with reference to 65% of the valuation of Chalco Iron Ore and the Loan Consideration was determined based on the principal amount of such outstanding bank loans as shown in the financial statements of Chalco Hong Kong.

   
 

We believe that such disposal will enable us to focus on the development of our core business of alumina and primary aluminum operations, where we have established leading market positions, and to reduce future capital expenditures on iron ore development and to improve asset-to-debt ratio and generate expected cash flows. Pursuant to the agreement, in the event that we obtain the consent from CDB on the transfer of the bank loans, Chinalco will pay the consideration for the Equity Interest in five installments, namely, US$438.8 million (which will be net off by the Loan Consideration), US$387.9 million, US$413.3 million, US$413.3 million and US$413.3 million, with the relevant interests at the London Interbank Offered Rate plus 0.9%, with the last installment to be paid by December 31, 2017. In the event that we could not obtain the consent from CDB on the transfer of the bank loan, Chinalco will pay the consideration for the Equity Interest in five equal instalments of US$413.3 million, with the relevant interests at the London Interbank Offered Rate plus 0.9%, with the last installment to be paid by December 31, 2017. The transactions were approved at the 2013 second extraordinary general meeting held on November 29, 2013. We obtained the consent from Rio Tinto relating to such disposal on December 19, 2013. We completed the transactions on December 26, 2013. As of the date of this annual report, the bank loans have been transferred to net off the first installment and Chinalco had paid the second installment.

   
 

Proposed Private Placement of A Shares

   
 

On March 8, 2012, our Board resolved to issue up to 1.25 billion A Shares in the PRC. The A Share issue plans previously proposed by our Board on June 30, 2009 and January 30, 2011 and approved by our shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and H Share class meeting held on August 24, 2009 and on April 14, 2011, respectively, ceased. Pursuant to the new issue plan approved by our Board on March 8, 2012, we will issue up to 1.25 billion A Shares, with a nominal value of RMB1.00 each, by way of private placement for expected proceeds of not exceeding RMB8 billion. We will issue the A Shares to no more than ten specific target subscribers within six months from obtaining the approval of the CSRC. The issue price of A Shares to be offered will be not less than 90% of the average trading price of our A Shares in twenty trading days immediately preceding the pricing determination date. We intend to apply proceeds from this private placement to finance Chalco Xing Xian alumina project, Chalco Zhongzhou Ore-dressing Bayer Process expansion construction project and to supplement working capital. The issue plan was approved by the SASAC on April 5, 2012 and by our shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and H Share class meeting held on May 4, 2012. On August 24, 2012, our Board resolved to adjust the issue plan by proposing, among others, to increase the number of A Shares to be issued to up to 1.45 billion A Shares. The adjusted issue plan was approved by the SASAC and our shareholders at an extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and the H Share class meeting on October 12, 2012 and by the CSRC on December 7, 2012. On March 14, 2013, we obtained the approval from the CSRC on our proposed private placement of A Shares under such adjusted issue plan, with effective period of six months after the approval date. However, the CSRC temporarily retrieved its approval in July 2013 due to its on-going investigation on the sponsor of our proposed private placement of A Shares. The period of authorization to the Board relating to theadjusted issue plan was extended by our shareholders at the 2013 annual general meeting, A Share class meeting held on June 27, 2014 and H Share class meeting held on June 27, 2014, with an effective period of 12 months after the approval date. On January 4, 2015, we submitted the "Report regarding theresumption of the approval of non-public offering of shares of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited" to CSRC. As of the date of this Annual Report, the CSRC is currently undergoing the related review procedures, and the aforementioned proposed offering of shares has not been issued.

   

33

 


 

 

Proposed Issuance of H Shares

   
 

On June 27, 2014, our shareholders at the 2013 annual general meeting passed a special resolution, which is valid until the earliest of (i) the end of 12 months from the date of passage, (ii) the conclusion of our next annual general meeting or (iii) the date on which the authority set out in this resolution is revoked or varied by a special resolution at a general meeting. The resolution authorizes us to issue up to 20% of the total nominal value of H Shares in issue as of the resolution date. Our Board is authorized to determine the use of the proceeds. The proposed issuance is subject to the approval by the CSRC and/or other relevant PRC government authorities.

   
 

Senior Perpetual Capital Securities Offering

   
 

In April 2014, we completed the issuance of US$400 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior perpetual capital securities (the "Securities") through Chalco Hong Kong Investment Company Limited (the "Issuer"), our wholly-owned subsidiary, which was exempted from, and not subject to, registration under the Securities Act. The Securities are guaranteed by seven of our subsidiaries including Chalco Hong Kong Limited. The Securities also have the benefit of a keepwell deed entered into by the Issuer, the Company, Chalco HongKong Limited and the trustee and a deed of equity interest purchase undertaking entered into by the Company and the trustee, both deeds being executed in favor of the trustee. The Securities were listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on April 22, 2014. The net proceeds from the issue of the Securities have been on-lent to the Company or any of its subsidiaries for general corporate use.

   

B.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

   
 

Our Principal Products

   
 

We are the largest producer of alumina and primary aluminum in China in terms of production volume. We have benefited from the strong growth of the PRC aluminum market, one of the world's fastest growing major aluminum markets. We refine bauxite into alumina, which is then smelted into primary aluminum. In addition to alumina and primary aluminum, we also produce and sell a relatively small amount of alumina chemical products (alumina hydrate and alumina-based industrial chemical products), carbon products (carbon anodes and cathodes) and gallium. We are also engaged in the trading of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, other non-ferrous metal products, coal products and raw and ancillary materials in bulk both manufactured by us and sourced from external suppliers domestically and abroad. In addition, we are engaged in coal mining and power generation. The remainder of our revenues were derived from research and development activities and other products and services. Accordingly, we organize and manage our operations in five business segments: alumina segment, primary aluminum segment, trading segment, energy segment and corporate and other operating segment. After elimination of inter-segment sales, revenues attributable to our alumina segment, primary aluminum segment, trading segment, energy segment and corporate and other operating segment accounted for approximately 4.1%, 21.3%,70.8%, 3.6% and 0.2%, respectively, of our total revenues from continuing operations in 2014.

   

34

 


 

 

Our alumina segment includes the mining and purchasing of bauxite and other raw materials, and production and sale of alumina as well as alumina-related products, such as alumina hydrate, alumina-based chemical products and gallium. Alumina accounted for approximately 91.5% of the total production volume for this segment in 2014. Alumina chemical products are used in the production of chemical, pharmaceutical, ceramic and construction materials. In the process of refining bauxite into alumina, we also produce gallium as a by-product. Gallium is a rare, high value metal with applications in the electronics and telecommunication industries.

   
 

Our primary aluminum segment includes the procurement of alumina, other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, the production and sale of primary aluminum and aluminum-related products, such as carbon products, aluminum alloy products and other electrolytic aluminum products. Our principal primary aluminum products are ingots and molten aluminum, which, in the aggregate, accounted for approximately 80.1% of our total production volume of primary aluminum in 2014. Our standard 20 kilogram remelt ingots are used for general aluminum fabrication in the construction, electricity, electronics, transportation, packaging, machinery and durable goods industries. We internally produce substantially all the carbon products used at our smelters and sell our remaining carbon products to external customers.

   
 

Our trading segment is mainly engaged in the trading of alumina, primary aluminum, other non-ferrous metal products, and crude fuels such as coal products, as well as supplemental materials to our internal manufacturing plants and external customers. We established our trading business as a separate segment in July 2010 as a result of the implementation of our operational structural exercise.

   
 

Our energy segment includes coal mining and power generation, including conventional coal-fire power generation and renewable energy generation such as wind power and photovoltaic power. We established our energy segment in January 2013 as a result of our acquisition of Ningxia Energy in line with our development strategy to partially offset our future energy costs and secure a portion of the coal we consume in our operations. In 2014, we sold most of the electricity we generated to regional power grids at government-mandated rates, supplied a portion of the coal output to our own electric power plant and sold the remaining portion to external customers, including power generation enterprises and cement plants.

   
 

Our corporate and other operating segment mainly includes corporate and other aluminum-related research, development, and other activities of the Group.

   
 

We used to be engaged in aluminum fabrication operations, where we process primary aluminum for the production and sales of various aluminum fabrication products. As approved at our 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013, we disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations to Chinalco in line with our development strategy to focus on the upstream sectors of the aluminum industry chain and the production of high value added products. As a result, we ceased to have our aluminum fabrication business as a separate segment in June 2013.

   

 

Our Production Capacity

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our annual alumina and primary aluminum production capacity was approximately 14.71 million tonnes and 3.84 million tonnes, respectively. The following table sets forth the production capacity of each of our principal plants by business segment as of the indicated date:

   

35

 


 

   

As of December 31, 2014                  

   


 

Plant

 

Alumina

Primary
Aluminum

   

 



   

(in thousand tonnes)(2)                  

         
 

Guangxi branch

 

2,210.0

-

 

Zhongzhou branch

 

2,950.0

-

 

Qinghai branch

 

-

367.0

 

Shanxi branch

 

2,747.0

-

 

Guizhou branch

 

-

403.7

 

Henan branch

 

2,410.0

-

 

Shandong branch

 

1,770.0

55.0

 

Zunyi Alumina

 

1,000.0

-

 

Chongqing branch

 

800.0

-

 

Shanxi Huaxing

 

800.0

-

 

Shanxi Huaze

 

-

350.0

 

Lanzhou branch

 

-

388.0

 

Shanxi Huasheng

 

-

220.0

 

Fushun Aluminum

 

-

330.0

 

Zunyi Aluminum

 

-

235.0

 

Shandong Huayu

 

-

200.0

 

Gansu Hualu

 

-

230.0

 

Baotou Aluminum

 

-

538.0

 

Research Institute

 

20.0

-

 

Liancheng branch

 

-

523.0

 

Longmen Aluminum

 

-

-

   

 



         
 

Total

 

14,707.0

3,839.7

   

 



         

 


 
     

 

(1)

We disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations in June 2013. As a result, we ceased to have our aluminum fabrication business as a separate segment in June 2013.

     
 

(2)

Production capacity is calculated based on designed capacity, which accounts for various assumptions including downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs, the ore grade of bauxite feedstock and subsequent capacity modifications.

     

36

 


 

 

In 2014, we produced approximately 12.0 million tonnes of alumina and 3.4 million tonnes of primary aluminum. Our production of alumina and primary aluminum represented approximately 23.5% and 12.0%, respectively, of the total output in China in 2014.

   
 

The following table sets forth a breakdown of our production volume by product segment for the periods indicated:

   

   

Year Ended December 31,

   


         
 

Production Volume by Product

2012

2013

2014

   




   

(in thousand tonnes, except Gallium)

         
 

Alumina segment

     
 

    Alumina

11,934.0

12,143.2

12,024.0

 

    Alumina chemical products

1,312.0

1,717.2

1,822.3

 

    Gallium (in tonnes)

39.2

127.8

81.2

 

Primary aluminum segment

     
 

    Primary aluminum(1)

4,219.0

3,841.8

3,381.6

 

    Carbon

1,957.2

2,010.4

1,877.4

 

Aluminum fabrication(2)

     
 

    Aluminum fabrication products

622.9

290.0

-

   




         

 


 
     
 

(1)

Including ingots, molten aluminum and other primary aluminum products.

     
 

(2)

We disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations in June 2013. As a result, we ceased to have our aluminum fabrication business as a separate segment.

     
 

Production Process

   
 

Alumina

   
 

Alumina is refined from bauxite, an aluminum-bearing ore, through a chemical refining process. The refining process applied is determined by the mineral composition of the bauxite used in production. Our refineries may employ the Bayer process, the Bayer-sintering series process, the Bayer-sintering combined process or the ore-dressing Bayer process. Most of the bauxite reserves in China contain diasporic bauxite, which contains high alumina content and relatively high silica content, resulting in bauxite reserves with low alumina-to-silica ratio. The Bayer process cannot efficiently refine diasporic bauxite that has not undergone processing to increase its alumina-to-silica ratio. The sintering process or the Bayer-sintering combined process is suitable for refining low alumina-to-silica ratio bauxite. We have developed and improved these processes to increase our refining yield. When we refine alumina using the Bayer process, we produce gallium as a by-product, which undergoes further processing before sale. In addition, we also produce some alumina chemical products (alumina hydrate and alumina-based industrial chemical products).

   
 

Primary Aluminum

   
 

We smelt alumina into primary aluminum through electrolytic reduction. The electrolytic process takes place in a reduction cell, or pot, a steel shell lined with carbon cathodes and refractory materials. Powerful electric currents are passed through the pot to produce molten aluminum. The molten aluminum is transferred to holding furnaces and then poured directly into molds to produce foundry ingots, or further refined to form fabricating ingots, which may be used directly in the aluminum fabrication process. Most of the primary aluminum we produce is in the form of ingotsor molten aluminum.

   
 

All of our primary aluminum smelters use pre-bake anode reduction pot-lines. In the pre-bake reduction process, the anodes are pre-formed in a separate facility where pollutants can be contained. The cells themselves are enclosed with removable panels so that waste gas produced during the process can be extracted using large exhaust fans. Our waste gas is treated and purified to reduce dust and fluoride emissions to acceptable levels set by state environmental protection agencies.

   

37

 


 

 

Production Facilities

   
 

Alumina

   
 

We currently operate eight alumina refineries and one research institute with a total designed annual production capacity of approximately 14.7 million tonnes as of December 31, 2014. One of our refineries are integrated with primary aluminum smelters. In 2014, we produced approximately 12.0 million tonnes of alumina, approximately 1.8 million tonnes of alumina chemical products and approximately 81.2 tonnes of gallium. The overall utilization rate for our refineries was 82% as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, we supplied approximately 5.6 million tonnes, or 46% of our total production of alumina to our own smelters and sold the remaining alumina to other domestic smelters. All of the alumina chemical products that we produced in 2014 were sold by alumina refineries directly to external customers or internally to Chalco Trading for subsequent external trading. In addition, we abandoned an annual alumina production capacity of 30,000 tonnes in the Zhongzhou branch in 2014.

   
 

The following table sets forth the annual production capacity, output of alumina and alumina chemical products, utilization rate of and production process applied in each of our alumina refineries and our Research Institute:

   

   

As of December 31, 2014

For the Year Ended December 31, 2014

   



   

Annual
Production
Capacity(1)

Utilization
Rate(2)

Alumina
Production
Output

Alumina
Chemical
Products
Output

Production
Process

   






       

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

             
 

Shanxi branch

2,747.0

100%

2,261.9

16.2

Bayer-sintering

 

Henan branch

2,410.0

72%

1,733.7

247.5

Bayer-sintering

 

Shandong branch

1,770.0

86%

1,583.5

1,091.2

Sintering and Bayer

 

Zhongzhou branch

2,950.0

71%

2,133.8

277.8

Sintering and Bayer

 

Guangxi branch

2,210.0

100%

2,423.4

159.9

Bayer

 

Zunyi Alumina

1,000.0

100%

1,001.9

1.3

Bayer

 

Chongqing branch

800.0

0

216.0

5.6

Bayer-sintering

 

Shanxi Huaxing

800.0

100%

669.8

0

Bayer

 

Research Institute(3)

20.0

0

0

22.8

Bayer

 





 
             
 

Total

14,707.0

82%

12,024.0

1822.3

 
 





 
             
 


 
     
 

(1)

Production capacity is calculated based on designed capacity, which accounts for various assumptions including downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs, the ore grade of bauxite feedstock and subsequent capacity modifications.

     
 

(2)

Capacity utilization rate is calculated by dividing our utilized production capacity by our total designed production capacity.

     
 

(3)

The alumina chemical products produced at our Research Institute are sold commercially, and such sales are included in our total revenues.

     

38

 


 

 

Primary Aluminum

   
 

We operate 12 primary aluminum smelters located across eight provinces in China. Our smelters had an aggregate annual production capacity of approximately 3.8 million tonnes as of December 31, 2014. One of our smelters is integrated with alumina refineries and does not need to source alumina externally.

   
 

In 2014, we produced approximately 3.4 million tonnes of primary aluminum and the average utilization rate for our smelters was 94% as of December 31, 2014. Baotou Aluminum completed its remoulding and upgrading project in 2014, which increased our total annual primary aluminum production capacity by 150,000 tonnes. The following table sets forth the annual production capacity, aluminum output, utilization rate and smelting equipment used in each of our aluminum smelters:

   

   

As of December 31, 2014

For the Year Ended December 31, 2014

   



 

Plant

Annual
Production
Capacity(1)

Utilization
Rate(2)

Aluminum
Output

Smelting Equipment

   





         

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

           
 

Baotou Aluminum

538.0

100%

465.5

200Ka, 240Ka and 400Ka pre-bake

 

Fushun Aluminum

330.0

100%

265.0

200Ka and 350Ka pre-bake

 

Gansu Hualu

230.0

100%

184.2

160Ka and 210Ka pre-bake

 

Guangxi branch(3)

0

0

76.6

160Ka and 320Ka pre-bake

 

Guizhou branch

403.7

83%

233.6

160Ka and 230Ka pre-bake

 

Lanzhou branch

388.0

100%

397.5

200Ka and 350Ka pre-bake

 

Qinghai branch

367.0

100%

393.3

160Ka and 200Ka pre-bake

 

Shandong Huayu

200.0

100%

218.1

240Ka pre-bake

 

Shandong branch(4)

55.0

0

0

200Ka pre-bake

 

Shanxi Huasheng

220.0

100%

221.3

300Ka pre-bake

 

Shanxi Huaze

350.0

100%

354.3

300Ka pre-bake

 

Zunyi Aluminum

235.0

47%

60.2

200Ka and 350Ka pre-bake

 

Liancheng branch

523.0

100%

512.0

200Ka and 500Ka pre-bake

   




 
           
 

Total

3,839.7

94%

3,381.6

 
   




 
           
 


 
     
 

(1)

Production capacity takes into account designed capacity, downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs and subsequent capacity modifications.

     
 

(2)

Capacity utilization rate is calculated by dividing our utilized production capacity by our total designed production capacity.

     
 

(3)

In 2014, we abandoned primary aluminum production facilities of our Guangxi Branch.

     
 

(4)

We suspended the operations of primary aluminum production facilities in our Shandong branch since June 2013.

     

39

 


 

 

Raw Materials

   
 

Alumina

   
 

Bauxite is the principal raw material in alumina production. Most of the bauxite in China is AL2O3.H2O mineral. Bauxite deposits have been discovered across a broad area of central China and are especially abundant in the southern and northern parts of central China. The largest bauxite deposit in China lies in Shanxi Province.

   
 

Rock Formation and Mineralization. The bauxite deposits of our mines in China, except those of Guangxi Pingguo mine which is an accumulation deposit due to original erosion, usually have similar stratigraphical sequences. Primary bauxite deposit, as a type of sedimentary AL2O3.H2O of Carboniferous or Permian age, is contained in clay rock, limestone or coal seams. A zonary red shale is usually located at the bottom of the bauxite and the red seam distributes over the irregular "karst-type" erosion face on the top of Ordovician limestone. Aluminum deposits in northern China are usually covered with a very thick Quaternary weathering.

   
 

The thickness and quality of deposits vary with our mine locations. Quality is usually consistent in smooth sections but changes sharply in karst "billabong" terrain. The level of hardness of minerals also varies. A sequence that includes a seam of hard bauxite of fine quality in the middle and soft bauxite of inferior quality on the bottom and top seams is common in deposits.

   
 

Generally, deposits are horizontal or with an obliquity of 0 to 8 degrees, but there are also steep deposits at an angle of 75 degrees, such as the Guizhou No. 2 mine. Most of the original mineralization is not influenced by folds and faults, and some fractures of a low obliquity and folds emerge in certain deposits, which is evident in the Guizhou No. 2 mine area where the underground mining method must be used due to the obliquity of its bauxite body reaching 70 degrees with the influence of folds and several meters of dislocation arising from partial faults.

   
 

Economic Significance. Our bauxite deposits in China are divided into three groups. They are primarily distinguished by drill hole spacing and the composition of the deposit, which can encompass rock formations such as intercalated clays, bauxite, footwall iron clay or Ordovician limestone. Bauxite deposit groups vary in the thickness and mineral quality of its reserves.

   
 

We use the Chinese bauxite deposit estimation method, which is calculated using cutoff grades and thickness to outline continuous areas within the limits defined by samples of marginal grade. We utilize actual limiting sample points that are joined to create a polygonal outline, and grades are then calculated using a length weighted arithmetic average. The Chinese program of systematic and accurate method of test boring, inspection pit, trial trench, density, tonnage analysis and calculation applied to the geological work of bauxite in China is an appropriate method to analyze these types of deposits.

   
 

Supply. To support the growth of our alumina production, we continuously seek opportunities to streamline and optimize our bauxite procurement, including the ongoing restructuring of our joint mining operators and acquisition of overseas bauxite resources. Except for our Shandong branch, all of our refineries are located in the four provinces where over 90% of China's potentially mineable bauxite has been found. We generally source our bauxite from mines close to our refineries to control transportation costs. Historically, we have procured our bauxite supply principally from three sources:

   
 

*

our own bauxite mining operations;

     
 

*

jointly-operated mines; and

     
 

*

other suppliers, which principally include small independent mines in China and, to a lesser extent, international suppliers.

     
 

On average, our refineries consume approximately 2.3 tonnes of bauxite to produce one tonne of alumina in 2014. We used approximately 29.8 million tonnes, 27.8 million tonnes and 27.4 million tonnes of bauxite in our alumina production in 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. Our own mines supplied approximately 17.54 million tonnes of bauxite to our refineries in 2014, all of which were from our own mines in China. Our jointly-operated mine did not produce bauxite in 2013 and 2014. We purchase bauxite from a number of suppliers and do not depend on any supplier for our bauxite requirements. In 2014, bauxite secured from other suppliers accounted for approximately 44.6% of our total bauxite supply, primarily because our demand for bauxite exceeded the production of our own mines.

   

40

 


 

 

The following table sets forth the volumes and percentages of bauxite supplied by our own mines, jointly-operated mines and other suppliers for the periods indicated:

   

   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   




   

Bauxite
Supply

Percentage
of Bauxite
Supply

Bauxite
Supply

Percentage
of Bauxite
Supply

Bauxite
Supply

Percentage
of Bauxite
Supply

   







     

%

 

%

 

%

   







   

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

               
 

Own mines

17,022.9

50.5

17,130.2

49.0

17,542.6

55.4

 

Jointly-operated mines

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

Other suppliers

16,689.0

49.5

17,861.1

51.0

14,105.4

44.6

   







               
 

Total

33,711.9

100.0

34,991.3

100.0

31,648.0

100.0

   







               
 

Own Mines. As of December 31, 2014, we owned and operated 19 mines in China that had approximately 273.1 million tonnes of aggregate bauxite reserves and we continue to explore new bauxite reserves to replenish our reserves. We also own and operate a bauxite mine in Laos through Lao Service Mining, in which we held 60% of the equity interest. We also hold the requisite mining permit or exploration permit for seven bauxite mines in West Kalimantan, Indonesia through our 96.28% owned subsidiary, PT Nusapati Prima. Our bauxite deposits in Indonesia are lateritic gibbsite and were formed by weathering and leaching of aluminum-rich silicate rock in tropical climates. We use low temperature Bayer process to refine alumina from our bauxite deposits in Indonesia, which results in relatively low energy consumption and high dissolution rate.

   
 

For the three years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, we extracted approximately 17.3 million tonnes, 20.0 million tonnes and 17.3 million tonnes, respectively, of bauxite from our own mines. In order to retain the title to our mines, or obtain the title to new mines in China, we are required to comply with mining qualifications approved by the relevant PRC authorities and pay an annual fee equivalent to RMB1,000 per km2 for our mines.

   
 

Our reported bauxite reserves for our own mines in China do not exceed the quantities that we estimate could be extracted economically if future prices were at similar levels to average historical prices for traded metals for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, or the three year historical contracted prices for bulk commodities. However, we do not use the three year historical bauxite or aluminum price to determine bauxite reserves, nor did we utilize any currency conversion factors or pricing related mechanisms. Instead, the primary criteria are the specifications required by our aluminum refineries, as well as certain modifying factors that are dependent on reserve quality.

   
 

The following table sets forth information for our own mines as of December 31, 2014:

   

 

Mine

Location

Nature of
ownership(1)

Mining
method

Permit
Renewal(1)

Present
Condition/
Current State
of Exploration

Bauxite
Production
(in thousand
tonnes)

 








               
 

Pingguo mine

Guangxi Zhuang
    Autonomous
    Zone, China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open pit

October 2030 -
    April 2036

Fully developed and
    operational

6,131

 

Guizhou mine(2)

Guizhou Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

September 2016 -
    December 2038

Fully developed and
    operational

651

 

Zunyi mine

Guizhou Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

August 2017 -
    May 2021

Two stopes are
    currently under
    development

367

 

Xiaoyi mine

Shanxi Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open pit

August 2015 -
    September 2031

Fully developed and
    operational

3,329

 

Shanxi Other Mines

Shanxi Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

April 2015 -
    May 2018

Five stopes are
    currently under
    development

1,967

 

Mianchi mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

February 2015 (3)-
    October 2031

Four stopes are
    currently under
    development

358

               

41

 


 

 

Luoyang mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

December2014(3)-
    October 2031

Two stopes are
    currently under
    development

668

               
 

Xiaoguan mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

February 2015(3) -
    October 2031

Fully developed and
    operational

334

 

Gongyi mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

March 2015- April
    2029

Fully developed and
    operational

484

               
 

Dengfeng mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

June 2014(3) - June
    2019

Two stopes are
    currently under
    development

75

 

Xinmi mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

July 2015 - July
    2020

Three stopes are
    currently under
    infrastructure
    development

0

 

Sanmenxia mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Underground

April 2015 - January
    2026

Fully developed and
    operational

32

 

Xuchang mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

February 2015(3) -
    March 2016

Fully developed and
    operational

273

 

Jiaozuo mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

September 2016 -
    October 2024

Fully developed and
    operational

184

 

Pingdingshan mine

Henan Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open
    pit/underground

October 2014(3)-
    September 2021

Fully developed and
    operational

540

 

Yangquan mine

Shanxi Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Open pit

June 2015 -
    September 2031

Fully developed and
    operational

94

 

Nanchuan mine

Chongqing
Municipality, China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Underground

November 2016 -
    December 2026

Fully developed and
    operational

304

 

Huaxing mine

Shanxi Province,
    China

100% owned and
    operated by
    Chalco

Underground

August 2018 -
    September 2018

Fully developed and
    operational

1,301

 

PT ALUSENTOSA

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

December 2027

Suspended
    production

-

 

PT
    KALMINSENT
    OSA

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

November 2013(4)

Under exploration

-

 

PT KALMIN

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

December 2027

Suspended
    production

150

 

PT VISITAMA

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

December 2015

Under exploration

-

 

PT KALMIN
    LESTARI

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

November 2013(4)

Under exploration

-

 

PT ADITAMA
    LESTARI

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

July 2015

Under exploration

-

 

PT
    KALMINADI
    MAKMUR

West Kalimantan,
    Indonesia

Owned and operated
    by PT
    NusapatiPrima,
    a 96.28%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

July 2015

Under exploration

-

 

Laos bauxite mine

Attapeu Province
    and Sekong
    Province, Laos

Owned and operated
    by Laos Mineral
    Services Co.,
    Ltd., a 60%
    subsidiary of
    Chalco

Open pit

August 2015

Under exploration

-

               

42

 


 

 


 
     

 

(1)

All conditions to retain our properties or leases have been fulfilled as of December 31, 2014. Each mine may be covered by one or more mining permits or exploration permits and the range of permit renewal dates is set forth above.

     
 

(2)

Including Guizhou No. 1 mine and Guizhou No. 2 mine.

     
 

(3)

We are in the process of renewing these permits.

     
 

(4)

We are in the process of obtaining mining permits for these two mining areas.

     
 

We are required to obtain mining rights permits to conduct mining activities. Under PRC laws and regulations, a mine owner must prepare and submit exploration reports for a mine to the local government to obtain a mining rights permit for a mine. If an applicant for the mining rights permit is not the owner of a mine, the applicant must first enter into a lease agreement with the mine owner before submitting an application. The mining rights permit is subject to renewal on a regular basis. Furthermore, we are required to obtain land use rights on the land in order to operate these mines. We lease the land use rights relating to our own mines in China from Chinalco pursuant to a land use rights lease agreement that became effective upon our formation. Chinalco's land use rights relating to over 90% of our mining properties in China are for 50-year terms beginning on July 1, 2001. The remaining land use rights relating to the mines we own and operate in China are for shorter terms, some as short as one year. All of our land use rights lease agreements end on the expiry date of the mining rights or the end of the working life of the mine, whichever is earlier. Both the land use rights and land use rights lease agreements are renewable.

   
 

For our own mines in Indonesia and Laos, neither proven nor probable reserves have been established as of the date of this annual report. The following table sets forth certain estimated details of the reserves for our own mines in China as of December 31, 2014:

   

 

Mine

Reserves (1)(2)
(million tonnes)

Al2O3

SiO2

Ratio of
Average A/S(3)

 






           
           
 

Pingguo mine

69.05

54.13

4.84

11.18

 

Guizhou No. 1 mine

1.1

65.74

10.48

6.27

 

Guizhou No. 2 mine

23.67

63.12

9.57

6.59

 

Zunyi mine

8.52

57.23

9.81

5.83

 

Xiaoyi mine

21.67

61.21

14.65

4.18

 

Shanxi Other Mines

22.7

64.04

11.48

5.58

 

Huaxing mine

7.74

63.39

9.95

6.37

 

Mianchi mine

3.14

63.34

12.12

5.23

 

Luoyang mine

4.29

61.39

9.74

6.3

 

Xiaoguan mine

27.25

63.56

15.11

4.21

 

Gongyi mine

2.92

64.06

13.92

4.6

 

Dengfeng mine

0.55

60.82

8.67

7.02

 

Xinmi mine

2.29

67.98

10.39

6.54

 

Sanmenxia mine

38.67

63.63

11.75

5.41

 

Xuchang mine

0.43

63.97

14.33

4.47

 

Jiaozuo mine

1.74

59.56

14.52

4.1

 

Pingdingshan mine

2.14

62.02

11.77

5.27

 

Yangquan mine

4.28

60

12.63

4.75

 

Nanchuan mine

30.97

60.65

13.95

4.35

   





           
 

Total (average) reserves

273.12

60.37

10.51

5.75

           
 

By reserve type

       
 

    Proven reserve

130.2

60.7

10.45

5.81

 

    Probable reserve

142.92

60.08

10.55

5.69

   





           
 

Total (average) reserves

273.12

60.37

10.51

5.75

   





           
 


 
     
 

(1)

Our reserves take into consideration mining dilution and loss factors, which generally vary from 5% to 10% and are based on the planned mining method and selected drill data for each site.

     
 

(2)

Our metallurgical recovery factors are calculated in accordance with the relevant PRC mining standards and vary from mine to mine.

     
 

(3)

Refers to the ratio of average grade of Al2O3 to the average grade of SiO2 of the reserves.

     

43

 


 

 

We have been in compliance with the National Mining Safety Law and related rules and regulations in China. We closely supervise and routinely inspect mining conditions with continual implementation of safety measures and procedures at our own bauxite mines and safety training for our mining personnel. In 2014, we extracted approximately 17.3 million tonnes of bauxite from our own mines and did not experience any mining accidents that involved serious work injuries or death.

   
 

Jointly-operated Mines. To optimize our resources and reduce costs, we manage our jointly-operated mines by contracting with local companies for their mining services to operate mines owned by us. Generally, we are able to control the mining operations of our jointly-operated mines, including determination of production schedules as well as the amounts and grades of bauxite produced. In the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, our jointly-operated mines did not produce any bauxite.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, we had one jointly-operated mine in China, namely, Xiataohua mine, which is accessible by motor vehicles via public roads. and is powered by diesel fuel. The following table sets forth information on Xiataohua mine as of December 31, 2014:

   
 

Mine

Province

Name of Joint
Operator

Mining
Method

Permit
Renewal

Present
Condition/Current
State of Exploration

Current Status

 








 

Xiataohua mine

Shanxi

n/a(1)

Open pit(1)

June 2015

Exploration is finished

The previous mining rights holder is in the process of transferring the mining rights to us and we will become the sole owner of the mine and are conducting research on the development plan of the mine. We are searching for operators for future development.

               
 


 
     
 

(1)

We have decided to cooperate with other parties to undertake the mining operations in this mine. However, as of December 31, 2014, we had not confirmed any party as our partner.

     

 

The following table sets forth the specific details of Xiataohua mine as of December 31, 2014:

   

   


Total Reserves (1)(2)

Average Grade (%)

Ratio of
Average A/S(3)

    


  Mine (million tonnes)

Al2O3

SiO2

 





           
 

Xiataohua mine

4.9

58.97

13.91

4.24

   





           
 

By reserve type

       
 

Proven reserve

-

-

-

-

 

Probable reserve

4.9

58.97

13.91

4.24

   





           
 

Total (average) reserves

4.9

58.97

13.91

4.24

   





           
 


 
     
 

(1)

Our reserves take into consideration mining dilution and loss factors, which generally vary from 5% to 10% and are based on the planning mining method and selected drill data for each site.

     
 

(2)

Our metallurgical recovery factors are calculated in accordance with the relevant PRC mining standards and vary from mine to mine.

     
 

(3)

Refers to the ratio of average grade of Al2O3 to the average grade of SiO2 of the reserves.

     

44

 


 

 

Other Suppliers. In addition to our own mines and our jointly-operated mines, we also source bauxite from other suppliers. A majority of other suppliers are small independent mines. Small independent mines are not affiliated with us and generally have annual bauxite production capacities not exceeding 200,000 tonnes. These mines have been an important source of bauxite for our operations. We purchase bauxite directly from small independent mines or through local distributors that procure bauxite from these mines. In addition, we also secure a portion of bauxite overseas. Bauxite secured from other suppliers accounted for 44.6% of our total bauxite supply in 2014.

   
 

Bauxite Procurement. The corporate management department at our headquarters is responsible for the oversight and coordination of our supply of bauxite. To determine how our bauxite requirement will be allocated among our principal sources each year, we first estimate our total bauxite needs for the year. Based on market conditions, production costs and other factors, we determine the amount of bauxite that we wish to source from our own mines, and allocate the remaining requirements among the jointly-operated mines and other suppliers. Our management or operational control of our own mines and jointly-operated mines generally allows us to adjust procurement from these sources during the course of the year to accommodate changes in our plans or market conditions.

   
 

Alumina-to-Silica Ratio. The production method for alumina refining is determined by the mineral composition of the bauxite, in particular, its alumina-to-silica ratio. Most of the bauxite reserves in China are diasporic with low alumina-to-silica ratios. Based on our current technology, an efficient application of the Bayer process requires bauxite with an alumina-to-silica ratio of 10:1 or higher, while the sintering process can refine bauxite with an alumina-to-silica ratio as low as 4:1. In 2014, the average alumina-to-silica ratio of the proven and probable reserves of our mines ranges from approximately 4.1:1 to 11.18:1.

   
 

Prices. There is neither governmental regulation on bauxite prices nor an official trading market for bauxite in China. We negotiate bauxite prices with our suppliers based on ore quality, mining costs, market conditions, transportation costs and various governmental taxes or levies, including a resource tax imposed by local governments. As we procure bauxite from three different sources, our total bauxite cost is influenced by the following factors:

   
 

*

the cost of our mining operations;

     
 

*

the terms of our operational arrangements with respect to our jointly-operated mines; and

     
 

*

the market conditions relating to purchases from small independent mines.

     
 

The average purchase price of bauxite per tonne from our joint operations and other suppliers in 2012, 2013 and 2014 was approximately RMB309.0, RMB393.3 and RMB412, respectively. The average cost of bauxite per tonne from our own minesin 2012, 2013 and 2014 was approximately RMB207.0, RMB231.0 and RMB246.9, respectively. Our jointly-operated mine did not supply bauxite in 2012, 2013 and 2014.

   
 

We purchase a substantial amount of bauxite to satisfy our alumina production needs. Additionally, to fully utilize the bauxite from our mines, we refine all bauxite that meets the minimum technical requirements for our production of alumina. We also purchase higher grade ore from other suppliers and blend the ore of various grades to meet the technical requirements for our alumina production. This practice allows for flexibility and the inclusion of lower grade bauxite to optimize the use of bauxite deposits available to us. We do not use our historical average purchase prices for 2012, 2013 and 2014, or any other historical index to estimate our bauxite reserves.

   

45

 


 

 

The following table sets forth our capital expenditures for our bauxite mines for the periods indicated:

   

   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   




 

 

 

(RMB in thousands)

 

         
 

Capital Expenditures

     
 

Infrastructure construction

335,440.0

766,917.1

1,116,770.3

 

Facility upgrade

-

-

372,256.8

   




         
 

Total

335,440.0

766,917.1

1,489,027.1

   




         

 

Primary Aluminum

   
 

An average of approximately 1.9 tonnes of alumina and 13,695 kWh of electricity were required to produce one tonne of primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Alumina and electricity, the two principal components of costs in the smelting process, accounted for approximately 36.2% and 41.0%, respectively, of our unit primary aluminum production costs in 2014. Apart from alumina and electricity, we also require carbon anodes, carbon cathodes and sodium fluoride for our smelting operations.

   
 

Alumina is the main raw material in the production of primary aluminum. Our primary aluminum plants that do not have integrated alumina refining operations onsite obtain alumina internally from our alumina refineries located elsewhere or externally on the market.

   
 

Supplemental Materials, Electricity and Fuel

   
 

The procurement department at our headquarters coordinates and manages our supply chain for all our major raw materials in conjunction with the procurement center at each production facility, which manages the logistics and inventory of raw materials locally. We are able to purchase diesel, the main fuel used by our mining and manufacturing equipment, from the public markets, and we source our water from local rivers, lakes or underground sources.

   
 

Alumina

   
 

Electricity, coal, alkali (caustic soda or soda ash) and natural gas are the principal materials used in our alumina production. Electricity is one of the principal cost components in our refining process. We generate electricity at a number of refineries and purchase our remaining electric power requirement from regional power grids at government-mandated rates. Most of our power supply agreements are one to three year renewable agreements. Power prices in China can vary, sometimes substantially, from one region to another, based on demand and power production costs in the region. Power costs for our various alumina refineries vary accordingly.

   
 

Large quantities of coal is used as a reducing agent and fuel to produce steam and gas in the alumina refining process. As of the date of this annual report, we held minority interests in a number of coal mining enterprises, including Shanxi Jiexiu, Qinghai Energy, Xuehugou Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Datong Coal Group Huasheng Wanjie Coal Co., Ltd., Dongdong Coal, Chalco Liupanshui, Huozhou Coal Group Xingshengyuan Coal Co., Ltd. and Guizhou Yuneng. We hold 70% of the equity interest in Gansu Huayang, which holds mining rights for coal deposits in the Luochuan mining area, Gansu Province. We have also acquired the mining rights for coal deposits in the Laodonghe area, Guizhou Province. In addition, we have acquired 70.82% of the equity interest in Ningxia Energy, which holds mining rights for coal deposits in Ningxia Autonomous Region.

   

46

 


 

 

All of the coal mining enterprises in which we directly or indirectly have minority equity interest are currently in the extraction or trial production stage, except:

   

 

*

Chalco Liupanshui, a joint venture company in which we hold 49% of the equity interest;

     
 

*

Huozhou Coal Group Xingshengyuan Coal Co., Ltd., a joint venture company in which Shanxi Huasheng holds 43.03% of the equity interest; and

     
 

*

Guizhou Yuneng, a joint venture company in which we hold 25% of the equity interest.

     
 

Guizhou Yuneng is under development. The production of Huozhou Coal Group Xingshengyuan Coal Co., Ltd. and one of the mines owned by Chalco Liupanshui is currently suspended due to production technology renovation. See "- B. Property, Plants and Equipment" for details of coal mines that we operate. By investing in coal mining enterprises and acquiring mining rights for coal deposits, we plan to partially offset our future energy costs, and secure a portion of the coal we consume in our operations.

   
 

Alkali is used as a supplemental material in alumina refining. The sintering process and the Bayer-sintering combined process require soda ash while caustic soda is used in the Bayer process. Our alumina refineries usenatural gas and coal gas as fuel to refine alumina. There is no governmental regulation of the prices of coal, alkali or fuel. We purchase these raw materials from external suppliers under negotiated supply contracts, which we believe are competitively priced. We have not experienced difficulty in obtaining these materials in sufficient quantity and at acceptable prices.

   
 

Primary Aluminum

   
 

Smelting primary aluminum requires a substantial and continuous supply of electricity. In 2014, we consumed 49.1 billion kWh of electricity for our primary aluminum production. The availability and price of electricity are key factors in our primary aluminum production. Electricity costs have fluctuated in recent years due to periodic shortages of electricity in China, cyclical demand and government policies to regulate key industries. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - A. Operating Results - Overview - Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations - Manufacturing Costs."

   
 

We generate electricity at four of our smelters and purchase our remaining electric power requirement from regional power grids or directly from power generation enterprises. As of December 31, 2014, one of our smelters have entered into direct purchase agreements with power generation enterprises.We purchase electricity from the regional power grids at prices set by the government for the rest of our smelters. Industrial users within each region are generally subject to a common electricity tariff schedule, but prices vary, sometimes substantially, across regions. We believe our power supply from regional grids is generally not reliant upon any particular generation facility supplying the grid. Electricity purchased from different power grids is subject to different tariff levels in 2014. The average electricity cost of our smelters was approximately RMB0.42/kWh in 2014, which decreased by 6.7% as compared to 2013, primarily due to the increased proportion of self-generated electricity and decreased price of coal.

   
 

Carbon anodes and cathodes are key raw materials in the smelting process. Each of our smelters is able to produce carbon products necessary for its operations other than carbon cathodes. Most of our carbon cathodes are supplied by Guizhou branch, which operates our one of our two carbon cathode production facilities and sells carbon cathodes to external smelters in China.

   

47

 


 

 

Sales and Marketing

   
 

We coordinate substantially all of our sales and marketing activities of our self-produced alumina products and some of our sales and marketing activities of our self-produced primary aluminum products through Chalco Trading. Our subsidiaries and branches sell some of our self-produced primary aluminum products directly to external customers. Our alumina refineries sell our self-produced alumina chemical products directly to external customers or indirectly through Chalco Trading for subsequent external trading. For all of our self-produced products that are sold either through Chalco Trading for subsequent external sale or directly to external customers, our subsidiaries and branches play an important role in providing after-sales services and strengthening our presence in the marketplace. Since late 2009, we also have been engaged substantially in the trading of non-ferrous metal products including alumina, primary aluminum, copper, zinc and lead as well as coal products that we source from third-party suppliers through Chalco Trading.

   
 

Alumina

   
 

We sell our self-produced alumina to customers primarily through Chalco Trading, giving priority to customers with whom we have long-standing relationships and who have established a strong credit history, after reserving sufficient alumina for our forecasted primary aluminum production. In 2014, we supplied approximately 5.6 million tonnes of alumina produced at our refineries to our own smelters, which represented approximately 46% of our total alumina production, and sold the remainder to our customers. In addition, we also procure and sell outsourced alumina under long-term agreements or on the spot market through Chalco Trading. We sold approximately 2.2 million tonnes of outsourced alumina in 2014.

   
 

The sales prices of alumina that our alumina refineries sell internally to Chalco Trading are determined based on both a percentage of the weighted average of the three-month primary aluminum futures prices on the SHFE in the preceding calendar month and the average spot price of alumina in the domestic market in the preceding calendar month. Chalco Trading coordinates the external sales of our alumina products. Chalco Trading sells our self-produced alumina and alumina sourced from third-party suppliers to smelters throughout China. All of our major customers in the past three years have been domestic smelters. In the case of alumina sourced from third-party suppliers, we may procure alumina under long-term supply agreements or on the spot market. Our long-term supply agreement for the procurement of alumina normally sets forth the quantity of alumina to be procured by us in each month with the price for each monthly delivery to be determined through negotiations in the month before delivery. We are normally required to pay the full price of the outsourced alumina before each delivery.

   
 

We sell most of our self-produced alumina and a portion of the outsourced alumina under long-term sales agreements with terms ranging from one year to three years. Our long-term sales agreement for alumina normally sets forth the quantity of alumina to be sold by us in each year or month with the price for each monthly delivery to be determined at both a percentage of the weighted average of the three-month primary aluminum futures prices on the SHFE in the calendar month before delivery and the average spot price of alumina in the domestic market in the preceding calendar month. Our customer is normally required to pay for its procurement before each delivery. As a result, the spot price of alumina and fluctuations of primary aluminum prices on the SHFE affect alumina prices under our long-term sales agreements.

   
 

Chalco Trading sells the rest of our self-produced and outsourced alumina products on the spot market. We set the price for the external sales of alumina products by reference to alumina prices at reference markets and taking into account the following factors:

   
 

*

international and domestic supply-demand situation;

     
 

*

CIF Chinese ports prices foralumina imports into China;

     
 

*

international and domestic transportation costs;

     
 

*

our short-term and mid-term projections for alumina; and

     
 

*

relevant import expenses;

     

48

 


 
 

We sell the rest of the outsourced alumina on the spot market at prices determined through negotiations with our customers, taking into consideration factors including our procurement prices and the prevailing market conditions.

   
 

Primary Aluminum

   
 

Our primary aluminum manufacturing subsidiaries and branches sell a portion of our primary aluminum output directly to external customers. Our primary aluminum manufacturing subsidiaries and branches also sell a portion of our primary aluminum output internally to Chalco Trading at prices based on the futures prices of primary aluminum on SHFE. Chalco Trading then coordinates the external sales of primary aluminum. Historically, we consumed the remaining primary aluminum output at our own aluminum fabrication plants. After we disposed of our aluminum fabrication business, we sold the remaining primary aluminum output to Chinalco, which now owns our previous aluminum fabrication business. Our subsidiaries and branches including Chalco Trading sell our self-produced primary aluminum products to external customers through the following three channels:

   
 

*

Contract sales. Most of our primary aluminum sales are made pursuant to contracts entered into directly with our long-standing customers. Terms of the sales contracts for primary aluminum are typically one year. We price our primary aluminum products based on the SHFE futures prices and spot market prices.

     
 

*

Sales on the SHFE. As part of our effort to manage market risk, we sell a portion of our primary aluminum products on the SHFE through futures contracts with terms ranging from one month to twelve months to hedge against declines in primary aluminum prices.

     
 

*

Sales on the spot market. We also sell our primary aluminum products on the spot market at the reference prices we set and adjust as necessary.

     
 

In addition, we also procure and sell outsourced primary aluminum on the spot market or through short-term futures and options transactions. We sold approximately 3.0 million tonnes of outsourced primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

To improve the efficiency of our distribution, we divide our China market into several regions as follows:

   
 

*

southern China (including Guangdong and Fujian Provinces);

     
 

*

eastern China (including Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces and Shanghai Municipality);

     
 

*

southwestern China (including Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality);

     
 

*

the Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu area; and

     
 

*

northeastern China (including Liaoning and Heilongjiang Provinces).

     
 

We sell substantially all of our self-produced and outsourced primary aluminum to domestic customers. We expect China to remain our key market for primary aluminum for the foreseeable future. Although we have conducted export sales in the past, all of our external sales of primary aluminum in 2014 were domestic sales. Customers of our primary aluminum products principally consist of aluminum fabricators and distributors that resell our primary aluminum products to aluminum fabricators or other purchasers.

   
 

We establish pricing guidelines for Chalco Trading to conduct external domestic sales of our self-produced primary aluminum products, taking into account three main factors: the primary aluminum spot prices and futures price on the SHFE; our production costs and expected profit margins; and supply and demand. We determine our sales prices of the outsourced primary aluminum through negotiations with our customers, taking into consideration factors including our procurement prices and the prevailing market conditions. As part of our efforts to coordinate and centralize sales, we also set minimum prices for primary aluminum products that are sold directly to nearby external consumers by our subsidiaries and branches with respect to each region in China where our primary aluminum is sold. These minimum prices are determined by reference to the SHFE spot price for primary aluminum. The smelter filling an order from an external customeris generally responsible for negotiating the pricing and delivery terms and must comply with the minimum pricing guidelines unless it obtains prior approval from our headquarters. In general, we satisfy each purchase order with products from our nearest smelter to minimize transportation costs.

   

49

 


 

 

Alumina Chemical Products and Gallium

   
 

Alumina chemical products and gallium are derived from our alumina production. We adjust our production of these products based on market demand. Our alumina refineries sell our alumina chemical products directly to external customers or indirectly to external customers through Chalco Trading for subsequent external trading.

   
 

We sell most of our alumina chemical products and gallium in China. Prices for our alumina chemical products and gallium are determined through negotiations with our customers, taking into consideration the market conditions. Our total sales of gallium in 2012, 2013 and 2014 amounted to approximately RMB56.8 million, RMB149.8 million and RMB140.9 million, respectively.

   
 

Coal

   
 

Ningxia Energy sells a portion of its self-produced coal directly to external customers through short-term contracts at prices determined through negotiations with our customers, taking into consideration factors including our procurement prices and the prevailing market conditions. Ningxia Energy consumes the rest of its self-produced coal at its own electric power plant.

   
 

In addition, we also procure and sell outsourced coal under long-term agreements or on the spot market through Chalco Trading. We sold approximately 3.3 million tonnes of outsourced coal in 2014.

   
 

Trading of Outsourced Non-ferrous Metal Products and Other Materials

   
 

Since late 2009, we have been substantially engaged in the trading of alumina and primary aluminum sourced from third-party suppliers. Please see "- Alumina" and "- Primary Aluminum" for more details. We also sell other non-ferrous metal products such as copper, zinc and lead as well as coal products that we procure from our third-party suppliers to external customers on the spot market or under long-term sales agreements. Please see "- Coal." In 2014, we sold approximately 330,000 tonnes of outsourced copper, zinc and lead. In addition, we also sell outsourced raw and ancillary materials in bulk to customers such as steel manufacturers and copper processing companies on the spot market.

   
 

Chalco Trading has a team with trading expertise to conduct research on the markets of non-ferrous metal products and other materials. From time to time, we may enter into futures and options transactions to hedge against price fluctuations in the non-ferrous metal product market.

   
 

Delivery

   
 

We rely on rail shipping and trucks for the delivery of products within China. Our alumina is transported by rail or trucks, and transportation costs are generally borne by our customers and excluded from our sales prices. For long-distance deliveries, we maintain spur lines connecting our plants to the national railway routes. The price of rail shipping on the PRC national railway system is fixed by the government.

   
 

Most of our primary aluminum products are transported by rail, and our coal products are transported both by trucks and by rail.

   

50

 


 
 

Principal Facilities

   
 

Our principal facilities include 22 principal production plants and our Research Institute. Set forth below is a description of our principal production plants.

   

 

Guangxi Branch

   
 

The Guangxi branch commenced operations in 1994 and is located in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southwestern China, an area rich in bauxite reserves. The Guangxi branch obtains bauxite delivered via highway from the Pingguo mine, one of our wholly-owned mines, located less than 17 kilometers from the Guangxi branch.

   
 

The Pingguo mine contains large, easily exploitable bauxite reserves with high alumina-to-silica ratios. The Guangxi branch is our only principal refinery that exclusively uses the Bayer process. With technology and production equipment imported from Europe, the Guangxi refinery features a high level of automation and energy efficiency. Since its inception, we have continually increased the designed production capacity at this branch by removing production bottlenecks and investing in capacity expansions. Guangxi branch had an annual alumina production capacity of approximately 2,210,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, the Guangxi branch produced approximately 2,423,400 tonnes of alumina, along with approximately 159,900 tonnes of alumina chemical products. In 2014, we abandoned primary aluminum production facilities of our Guangxi branch.

   
 

Guizhou Branch

   
 

The Guizhou branch commenced its smelting operations in 1966 and was subsequently expanded to include alumina refining operations in 1978. We disposed of the assets of alumina production line of Guizhou branch to a subsidiary of Chinalcoin June 2013. Our Guizhou branch uses 160Ka and 230Ka pre-bake reduction pot-lines in its primary aluminum production. As a result of technological innovations and overhauls since its inception, our Guizhou smelter is among the most technologically advanced smelters in China. As of December 31, 2014, our Guizhou branch had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 403,700 tonnes. In 2014, our Guizhou branch produced approximately 233,600 tonnes of primary aluminum.

   
 

Our Guizhou branch also contains a modern carbon production facility, which produces carbon cathodes in addition to carbon anodes. Guizhou branch supplies carbon cathodes to seven of our primary aluminum smelters and our Research Institute. Its carbon cathodes are also sold to external customers throughout China.

   
 

Henan Branch

   
 

The Henan branch commenced its alumina refining operation in 1966 and primary aluminum smelting operation in 1967 in Henan Province, a province rich in bauxite reserves. Bauxite is delivered to our Henan branch via railway and highway from the following mines: Xiaoguan mine, Gongyi mine and Dengfeng mine located in Zhengzhou, Luoyang mine in Luoyang, Mianchi mine in Mianchi, Xuchang mine in Zhengzhou, Sanmenxia mine in Sanmenxia and Jiaozuo mine in Jiaozuo and our mines in Indonesia. Our Henan branch was the first refinery in China to develop the Bayer-sintering combined process. We also have an alumina production line that uses the ore-dressing Bayer process, which we developed to refine low alumina-to-silica ratio bauxite. Since its inception, the Henan branch's production facilities have undergone substantial technological upgrades, based on equipment imported from Germany and Denmark. The refinery has also benefited from its access to high alumina-to-silica ratio bauxite from our own mines and through purchases on the market. Henan branch had an annual alumina production capacity of approximately 2,410,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, our Henan branch produced approximately 1,733,700 tonnes of alumina and 247,500 tonnes of alumina chemical products. In January 2013, we ceased the operation of the obsolete primary aluminum production facilities of Henan branch.

   

51

 


 

 

Shandong Branch

   
 

The Shandong branch commenced operations in 1954 and has the capacity to produce alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products. Bauxite is delivered to our Shandong branch via railway and highway from the Yangquan mine in Yangquan, Shanxi Province. Its alumina refinery was China's first production facility for alumina. It produces its alumina through the sintering process and Bayer process. The Shandong branch purchases some bauxite from overseas and the rest from small third-party mines in Henan and Shanxi Provinces. Shandong branch had an annual alumina production capacity of approximately 1,770,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. It produced approximately 1,583,500 tonnes of alumina in 2014.

   
 

In addition, our Shandong branch produces substantial amounts of alumina chemical products and produced approximately 1,091,200 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2014. It is the largest and most technologically advanced alumina chemical products production facility in China with the ability to produce the widest variety of alumina chemical products.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our Shandong branch's annual primary aluminum production capacity was approximately 55,000 tonnes and it did not produce any primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Our Shandong branch also produce aluminum fabrication products. As of December 31, 2014, our Shandong branch had an annual aluminum fabrication production capacity of 10,000 tonnes and it produced a small amount of aluminum fabrication products in 2014.

   
 

Qinghai Branch

   
 

Located in Qinghai Province, our Qinghai branch is a stand-alone primary aluminum production facility. This branch commenced operations in 1987 and is one of the most technologically advanced primary aluminum smelters in China. It operates 160Ka and 200Ka automated pre-bake anode reduction pot-lines that were developed domestically. It benefits from relatively low electricity costs in Qinghai Province due to the hydroelectric power stations in the region. The Qinghai branch sources alumina from our Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and Zhongzhou branches, but incurs higher transportation costs for both raw materials and its primary aluminum products than our other branches.

   
 

Our Qinghai branch had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 367,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Our Qinghai branch produced approximately 393,300 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Shanxi Branch

   
 

Our Shanxi branch commenced operations in 1987 and is located in Shanxi Province, a province rich in bauxite deposits. Bauxite is transported to our Shanxi branch via railway and highway from the Xiaoyi mine in Shanxi Province. Our Shanxi branch is a stand-alone alumina plant. Shanxi branch had an annual alumina production capacity of approximately 2,747,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Our Shanxi branch produced approximately 2,261,900 tonnes of alumina and 16,200 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2014.

   
 

Our Shanxi branch's production facilities are primarily imported. Shanxi branch relies on bauxite from our own mines as well as external suppliers. It is in the proximity of large coal mines and substantial water resources.

   

52

 


 

 

Zhongzhou Branch

   
 

Located in Henan Province, our Zhongzhou branch is a stand-alone alumina plant, located near abundant bauxite, coal and water supplies. It commenced operations in 1993 and is equipped with imported and self-developed technology and has undergone various improvements and upgrades, in particular to its sintering process and Bayer process. Our Zhongzhou branch obtains bauxite supplies from external suppliers in Henan Province and Shanxi Province and overseas.

   
 

We abandoned alumina production capacity of 30,000 tonnes in the Zhongzhou branch in 2014. Our Zhongzhou branch had an annual alumina production capacity of approximately 2,950,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Our Zhongzhou branch produced approximately 2,133,800 tonnes of alumina and approximately 277,800 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2014.

   
 

Zunyi Alumina

   
 

Zunyi Alumina is located in Zunyi, Guizhou Province. In April 2006, we entered into a joint venture agreement with Guizhou Wujiang Hydroelectric Co., Ltd, to establish a joint venture company, Zunyi Alumina. We held 73.28% of the equity interests in Zunyi Alumina as of December 31, 2014. Zunyi Alumina completed the construction of alumina production facilities and commenced operations in 2010. After the completion of its expansion project in 2012, Zunyi Alumina's annual alumina production capacity reached approximately 1,000,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Zunyi Alumina produced approximately 1,001,900 tonnes of alumina and 1,300 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2014.

   
 

Shanxi Huaxing

   
 

Located at Xing Xian, Lvliang City of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Huaxing is a stand-alone alumina plant which commenced trial production in October 2013. Shanxi Huaxing obtains bauxite supplies from our own mines delivered primarily via highway and is located near abundant coal and water supplies.

   
 

Shanxi Huaxing had an annual alumina production capacity of approximately 800,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Shanxi Huaxing produced approximately 669,800 tonnes of alumina in 2014.

   
 

Chongqing Branch

   
 

Our Chongqing branch is located in Chongqing. Chongqing branch completed the construction of alumina production facilities in 2010 and its annual alumina production capacity was approximately 800,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Chongqing branch produced approximately 216,000 tonnes of alumina and 5,600 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2014. Our Chongqing Branch suspended production in July 2014 due to the relatively significant decrease in the price of alumina as compared with that during the construction period, large negative variation of mineral resources and the high costs of natural gas and other energy.

   
 

Lanzhou Branch

   
 

Located in Lanzhou city in Gansu Province, our Lanzhou branch is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. It was part of Lanzhou Aluminum before July 2007 and was acquired by us through share exchange in April 2007. In July 2007, Lanzhou Aluminum was divided into two wholly-owned entities: Lanzhou branch and Northwest Aluminum. Our Lanzhou branch owns a primary aluminum smelting plant with a designed annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 388,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. It produced approximately 397,500 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014.

   

53

 


 

 

Shanxi Huaze

   
 

Shanxi Huaze is situated in Shanxi Province. In March 2003, we established the joint venture company, Shanxi Huaze, with Zhangze Electric Power to commence the construction of a primary aluminum production facility. Shanxi Huaze's designed annual production capacity of primary aluminum was approximately 350,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014 and it produced approximately 354,300 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014. We currently hold 60% of the equity interest of Shanxi Huaze.

   

 

Shanxi Huasheng

   
 

Shanxi Huasheng is situated in Shanxi Province. In December 2005, we entered into a joint venture agreement with Shanxi Guan Lv Company Limited to establish a joint venture company, Shanxi Huasheng. Shanxi Huasheng commenced operations in March 2006 and had a designed annual production capacity of primary aluminum of approximately 220,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, Shanxi Huasheng produced approximately 221,300 tonnes of primary aluminum. We currently hold 51% of the equity interest in Shanxi Huasheng.

   
 

Zunyi Aluminum

   
 

Zunyi Aluminum is situated in Guizhou Province. We currently hold 62.1% of the equity interest in Zunyi Aluminum. Zunyi Aluminum's annual primary aluminum production capacity was approximately 235,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014and it produced approximately 60,200 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Fushun Aluminum

   
 

Fushun Aluminum is situated in Liaoning Province, and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. In March 2006, we entered into a share transfer agreement with Liaoning Fushun Aluminum Plant to acquire 100% of the equity interests in Fushun Aluminum for a consideration of RMB500 million. Fushun Aluminum's primary business is the production of primary aluminum and carbon products. Fushun Aluminum had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 330,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Fushun Aluminum produced approximately 265,000 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Shandong Huayu

   
 

Shandong Huayu is situated in Shandong Province and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. We currently hold 55% of the equity interest in Shandong Huayu. Shandong Huayu had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 200,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. Shandong Huayu also has supporting facilities and coal-fired generators. In 2014, Shandong Huayu produced approximately 218,100 tonnes of primary aluminum.

   
 

Gansu Hualu

   
 

Gansu Hualu is situated in Gansu Province, and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. In August 2006, we entered into a share transfer agreement with Baiyin Nonferrous Metal (Group) Co., Ltd. ("Baiyin Nonferrous") and Baiyin Ibis Aluminum Co., Ltd. ("Baiyin Ibis"). Baiyin Nonferrous contributed 127,000 tonnes of primary aluminum smelting and supporting facilities owned by Baiyin Ibis as capital contribution and holds a 49% equity interest in Gansu Hualu, a subsidiary of Baiyin Ibis, and we hold 51% of the equity interest in Gansu Hualu. Gansu Hualu had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 230,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014 and it produced approximately 184,200 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Baotou Aluminum

   
 

Baotou Aluminum is located in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. On December 28, 2007, through A Shares issuance and exchange for Baotou Aluminum shares, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of Baotou Aluminum. Baotou Aluminum had a designed annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 538,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. In 2014, it produced approximately 465,500 tonnes of primary aluminum.

   

54

 


 

 

Liancheng branch

   
 

Liancheng branch is located in Gansu Province. In late May, 2008, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of Liancheng Longxing Aluminum Company Limited from Chinalco on the China Beijing Equity Exchange and subsequently turned it into our Liancheng branch which specializes in producing primary aluminum. Liancheng branch had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of approximately 523,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. It produced approximately 512,000 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014.

   
 

Longmen Aluminum

   
 

Located in Shanxi Province, Longmen Aluminum was established in 1991. We hold 55% of its equity interests. It specializes in producing primary aluminum. In March 2012, we ceased the operation of our obsolete primary aluminum production facilities of Longmen Aluminum.

   
 

Chalco Nanhai

   
 

Established in June 2007 and located in Foshan, Chalco Nanhai specializes in aluminum fabrication. Chalco Nanhai commenced its commercial operation in 2011 and had an annual aluminum fabrication production capacity of approximately 110,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2014. It suspended production and did not produce any aluminum fabrication products in 2014.

   
 

Ningxia Energy

   
 

We acquired 70.82% of the equity interest in Ningxia Energy in January 2013. Please see "- A. History and Development of the Company - Significant Acquisitions and Joint Ventures." Ningxia Energy was established in June 2003. It is an integrated power generation company with total installed capacity of 2831.5 MW, operating coal mines located in Ningxia Autonomous Region. Its principal business includes conventional coal-fire power generation and renewable energy generation. In 2014, Ningxia Energy produced approximately 7.4 million tonnes of coal and approximately 10.6 billion kWh of electricity.

   
 

Research Institute

   
 

Established in August 1965 and located in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, the Research Institute specializes in the research and development of technology for smelting aluminum. It is the only research institute in China dedicated to light metals research and has played a key role in bringing about technological innovations in China's aluminum industry. The Research Institute is central to our research and development efforts. The Research Institute operates test facilities, which produce alumina chemical products and primary aluminum. The Research Institute was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the PRC in 2003 to establish the National Research Center of Aluminum Refinery Technologies and Engineering. In 2014, our Research Institute abandoned its primary aluminum production facilities. As of December 31, 2014, our Research Institute has a limited alumina chemical products production capacity, which it uses in connection with its research and development efforts.

   

55

 


 

 

Competition

   
 

Competition from Domestic Competitors

   
 

Alumina

   
 

As the largest producer of alumina in China, although we face competition from other large domestic refineries, we have several advantages over such competitors, including:

   
 

*

we have access to a substantial and stable supply of bauxite;

     
 

*

we are experienced in alumina production and our production technologies are specifically adapted to the particular chemical composition of bauxite found in China;

     
 

*

we have strong capacity in technology research and hold certain proprietary technologies and patents; and

     
 

*

our substantial workforce that has extensive experience in production and management.

     
 

In order to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the Chinese alumina industry as well as to protect the environment, MIIT published "Standard Conditions for Aluminum Industry" (the "Standard Conditions") in July 2013, pursuant to which any new alumina project must be approved by the relevant department of the State Council of China and meet the requirements for annual production capacity and raw materials supply. The Standard Conditions have established a high entry barrier for new alumina producers in China.

   
 

Primary Aluminum

   
 

We derived all of our primary aluminum revenues from domestic sales in 2014. Our competitors include other domestic and international primary aluminum producers that conduct sales in China. In 2014, our primary aluminum production represented approximately 12.02% of total domestic production in China.

   
 

We are the largest integrated alumina and primary aluminum producer in China. Currently, 10 primary aluminum producers in China (including Chalco) have annual production capacities of one million tonnes or more, which represent approximately 64.3% of the total primary aluminum production capacity in China. 17 primary aluminum producers in China (including Chalco) have annual production capacity of 500,000 tonnes or more, which represent approximately 77.5% of the total primary aluminum production capacity in China. The PRC government encourages consolidation in the Chinese primary aluminum industry to create larger, more efficient producers that are better positioned to implement measures to reduce emissions. Moreover, according to the Standard Conditions, new aluminum projects for expanding production capacity must be approved by the relevant department of the State Council of China and must have stable supply of alumina. As of the date of the annual report, the relevant department of the State Council of China is not expected to approve any new aluminum projects except those environmental protection upgrade projects and expired equipment exchange projects planned by the PRC government.

   
 

Although we face competition from other large domestic smelters, we have several advantages over such competitors, including:

   
 

*

Scale of production. With 12 primary aluminum smelters, we can achieve significant economies of scale. In addition, our scale of production enables us to achieve high production volumes to fill large customer orders and maintain a large customer base. Through our national distribution network, we are able to make timely deliveries to customers from our local warehouses.

     
 

*

Technology. We believe we have more sophisticated and efficient technology than most of our domestic competitors. Our Liancheng and Lanzhou branches are among the most technologically advanced primary aluminum smelting facilities in China. In addition, our technological support and research and development capabilities are superior to other domestic smelters.

     
 

*

Vertical integration. As the largest integrated alumina and primary aluminum producer in China, we are able to supply alumina internally to our primary aluminum plants. As a result, we save on transportation, warehousing and related costs. In addition, because we operate our own alumina refineries, we are able to assure a stable supply of alumina for our primary aluminum smelting operations.

     
 

*

Quality. The quality of our primary aluminum has maintained high standards and continued improving, and has satisfied national and industrial standards and customers' need.

     
 

The primary aluminum produced by most of our smelters satisfies the quality standards of the LME.

   

56

 


 

 

Competition from International Competitors

   
 

The tariff rate for alumina and primary aluminum imports was eliminated on January 1, 2008 and August 1, 2007, respectively. In 2014, China imported approximately 5.3 million tonnes of alumina, representing approximately a 37.8% increase from 2013. China had net import of approximately 171,200 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2014, which represented a 33.0% decrease from 2013. We expect to continue to face competition from international suppliers of alumina and primary aluminum which are large international companies. Some competitors may also consider establishing joint venture companies with local producers in China to gain access to the resources in China and to lower transportation costs. However, we expect to continue benefiting from certain PRC governmental policies that promote the growth of large domestic smelters.

   
 

Research and Development

   
 

Our research and development efforts over the years have facilitated the expansion of our production capacity and reduced our unit costs. We have successfully commercialized our previous research and development results in various technologies. In 2014, we completed 58 technological projects, including 40 independent research and development projects, 13 special projects of key science and technology and five application projects of science and technology. In addition, we filed a total of 137 patent applications in 2014.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, we owned 1,683 patents, which were primarily related to technologies and process, equipment and new products. Once registered, a patent in China for an invention is valid for 20 years and for a utility model or a design, 10 years from the date of the patent application. As of December 31, 2014, we owned 29 trademarks, each of which had a term of 10 years.

   
 

We do not regard any single patent, license, or trademark to be material to our sales and operations as a whole. We are neither involved in any material intellectual property disputes against us nor are we pursuing any legislation relating to intellectual property rights against any party.

   
 

Environmental Protection

   
 

Our operations are subject to a wide variety of PRC national and local environmental laws and regulations, including those governing waste discharge, generation, treatment and disposal of hazardous materials, land reclamation, air and water emissions and mining matters. For example, the PRC government has set discharge standards for emissions to air and water. To enforce these standards, national environmental protection authorities have imposed discharge fees that increase for each incremental amount of discharge up to the limit set by the regulation. The relevant PRC government agencies are authorized to order any operations that exceed discharge limits to take remediation measures, which are subject to the relevant agency's approval, or order the closure of any operations that fail to comply with applicable regulations.

   
 

The pollutants discharged from our alumina refining process include red mud, waste water and gas emissions and particulates. Our primary aluminum production process generates fluorides, pitch fume and particulates. It is illegal to release these pollutants untreated, or those after treatment but still not complying with discharge limits, the discharge of these pollutants must comply with national and local discharge limits.

   

57

 


 

 

Each of our alumina refineries, primary aluminum smelters and other production plants has its own waste treatment facilities onsite or has developed other methods to dispose of industrial waste in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations. We were granted ISO14001 accreditations issued by China Quality Certification Center and the International Certification Network in 2004. In 2014, we passed the review and the accreditations were renewed.

   
 

We have increased our energy-efficiency by implementing new production techniques and technologies, upgrading our production facilities, optimizing our production process and enhancing our logistics and operations management. Through these efficiency initiatives, we estimate that we conserved the energy equivalent of 800,000 tonnes of standard coal in 2014. We have incorporated clean technology and processes into our operations with a view to promoting the concept of "zero emission" plants. Since 2009, we have achieved our target of zero industrial waste water emission.

   
 

Our total expenditures for maintaining compliance with environmental laws and regulations were RMB1,073.7 million, RMB556.4 million and RMB520.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. In 2014, we did not have any major environmental pollution incidents.

   
 

Insurance

   
 

We maintain insurance coverage for our fixed assets such as plant, machinery, equipment, office facilities and transportation vehicles against accidents or natural disasters such as typhoons, hurricanes, floods, landslides and lightning strikes. However, there are certain types of losses, such as losses from war, acts of terrorism and nuclear radiation, for which we cannot obtain insurance at a reasonable cost or at all.

   
 

We are covered under the work-related injury insurance required by the local government labor departments, and we have procured additional business accidental insurance for our employees. More extensive insurance is either unavailable in China or would impose a cost on our operations that would reduce our competitiveness.

   
 

Our insurance premiums were RMB58.8 million, RMB41.0 million and RMB33.4 million in 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

   
 

Seasonality

   
 

Our business is not subject to seasonality.

   
 

Cyber Security

   
 

With respect to our internet policies on cyber-security and Internet safety, we have established an information safety management system and issued internal regulations on cyber-security, internal hardware and data safety systems to prevent loss of information due to cyber-security incidents, network outages or hardware incidents. We also plan to implement measures relating to the office environment information safety management and information system emergency management, information system access control, protection from any malicious software, management of information exchange tools and internal review and audit of information safety risks. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we did not experience any material cyber-security incidents or related losses.

   

58

 


 

 

Regulatory Overview

   
 

Producers of alumina and primary aluminum are subject to national industrial policies and relevant laws and regulations in areas of environmental protection, import and export, land use, foreign investment regulation and taxation. We are also subject to regulations relating to activities such as mining.

   
 

We are principally subject to governmental supervision and regulation by three agencies of the PRC government:

   
 

*

the NDRC, which sets and implements the major policies concerning China's economic and social development, approves investments exceeding certain amounts, coordinates and improves the reform of the economic system;

     
 

*

the Ministry of Land and Resources of China, which has the authority to grant land use licenses and mining right permits; and

     
 

*

the MIIT, which formulates industrial policies and investment guidelines for all industries including the aluminum industry.

     
 

The following is a brief summary of the principal laws, regulations, policies and administrative directives to which we are subject.

   
 

Requirements for Capital Investments

   
 

Any capital markets financing activities by an enterprise or company incorporated in the PRC such as those to finance capital projects, are subject to approval by the CSRC and/or other relevant authorities in China, regardless of whether the funds are raised in China or on the international capital markets. An issuer incorporated in the PRC must obtain prior approval from the CSRC for issuance of equity securities or equity-linked securities. Offering of corporate bonds in the PRC by a listed PRC-incorporated company is subject to approval from the CSRC, while offering of enterprise bonds in the PRC by other enterprises is subject to approval from the NDRC and/or other relevant authorities. Offering of bonds by a PRC-incorporated company outside the PRC is subject to approval from the NDRC, the People's Bank of China and/or the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (the "SAFE"). For all overseas financing activities by an enterprise or company incorporated in the PRC, the issuer must register with and obtain prior approval from the administrative authorities of foreign exchange. Foreign investment in the exploring and mining of alumina and primary aluminum is permitted by the PRC government.

   
 

Standard Conditions for Aluminum Industry

   
 

Standard Conditions provides that bauxite mining, alumina and primary aluminum projects must comply with the state industry policies and overall plans on the development of aluminum industry, land use, urban planning and designation of functional zones. The aluminum smelting enterprises must be appropriately distributed according to conditions including availability of resources, energy and environment. The regulation indicates that with guidance and plans, aluminum smelting enterprises located in regions lacking competitive production elements should be gradually moved to more competitive region, and the amount of newly increased production capacity shall be strictly controlled to prevent excessive capacity caused by over-investing. The regulation further sets standards for production scale and major external conditions for newly established bauxite mining, alumina, electrolytic aluminum and recycled aluminum projects. The MIIT promulgated on April 4, 2014 and January 4, 2015, respectively, the first and the second lists of enterprises that meet the Standard Conditions for the aluminum industry. Most of our production branches and subsidiaries have met the Standard Conditions and are included on these lists.

   

59

 


 

 

Pricing

   
 

The PRC government does not impose any limitations with respect to the pricing of alumina, primary aluminum and related products. Thus, alumina and primary aluminum producers are free to set prices for their products. All the raw materials, supplemental materials and other supplies that we purchase are based on market prices. Freight transportation on the national railway system is subject to government mandated pricing.

   
 

Electricity Supply and Price

   
 

The State Electricity Regulatory Commission of China is responsible for the supervision and administration of the power industry in China. The NDRC and local governments regulate electricity pricing. Electricity suppliers may not change their electricity prices without governmental authorization.

   
 

The Electric Power Law of China and related rules and regulations govern construction, generation, supply and consumption of electric power. Currently, China's state-owned power companies, through their respective local subsidiaries, operate all the regional power grids in China from which we obtain most of our electricity requirements. In October 2007, Chinese government issued "Notice on Further Solutions of the Difference in Electricity Rates", according to which the preferential electricity prices originally enjoyed by Chinese primary aluminum enterprises have been gradually abolished. In May 2010, Chinese government issued "Notice of Eliminating Preferential Electricity Rate for High Energy Consuming Enterprises and Related Matters", which further eliminated the preferential electricity price arrangement enjoyed by Chinese primary aluminum enterprises. In December 2013, the NDRC and MIIT issued the "Circular on the Policies for Tiered Pricing of Electricity Used by Electrolytic Aluminum Enterprises" (the "Electricity Tiered Pricing Circular"), which became effective on January 1, 2014, to impose tiers of electricity prices on primary aluminum smelters. Specifically, if the alternating current consumed by any smelter is more than 13,700 kWh per tonne but no more than 13,800 kWh per tonne, such smelter must pay additional RMB0.02 per kWh for the electricity used. If the alternating current consumed by any smelter is more than 13,800 kWh per tonne, such smelter must pay additional RMB0.08 for per kWh for the electricity used.

   
 

Regulations Concerning Imports and Exports of Alumina and Primary Aluminum

   
 

Import taxes on alumina and primary aluminum have been eliminated. The export tariff on certain primary aluminum products has been 15% since August 1, 2007.

   
 

Environmental Protection Laws and Regulations

   
 

The Ministry of Environmental Protection of China is responsible for supervision and administration of environmental protection in China. It formulates national environmental quality and discharge standards and monitors China's environmental system. Environmental protection bureaus at the county level or above are responsible for environmental protection within their respective jurisdictions.

   
 

Environmental regulations require each enterprise to file an environmental impact report with the relevant environmental bureau for approval before undertaking the construction of a new production facility or any major expansion or renovation of an existing production facility. New facilities built pursuant to this approval are not permitted to operate until the relevant environmental bureau has performed an inspection and concluded that the facilities are in compliance with environmental standards.

   
 

The Environmental Protection Law requires any facility that produces pollutants or other hazards to incorporate environmental protection measures in its operations and establish an environmental protection responsibility system. Such system includes adoption of effective measures to control and properly dispose of waste gases, waste water, waste residue, dust or other waste materials. Any entity that discharges pollution must register with the relevant environmental protection authority.

   
 

Penalties for breaches of the Environmental Protection Law include warning, payment of damages and imposition of fines. Any entity undertaking a construction project that fails to install pollution prevention and control facilities in compliance with environmental standards for a construction project may be ordered to suspend production or operations or to cease operations and may be fined. Criminal liability may be imposed for a material violation of environmental laws and regulations that causes any significant loss of property or personal injuries or death.

   

60

 


 

 

Mineral Resources Laws and Regulations

   
 

All mineral resources in China are owned by the state under the current Mineral Resources Law. Exploration, exploitation and mining operations must comply with the relevant provisions of the Mineral Resources Law and are under the supervision of the Ministry of Land and Resources. Exploration and exploitation of mineral resources are also subject to examination and approval by the Ministry of Land and Resources or relevant local authorities. Upon approval, the relevant administrative authorities, which are responsible for supervision and inspection of mining exploitation in their jurisdiction, will issue an exploration permit or mining permit. The holders of mining rights are required to file with the relevant administrative authorities annually.

   
 

The PRC government permits mine operators of collectively owned mines to exploit mineral resources in designated areas and individuals to mine scattered mineral resources. Such mine operators and individuals are subject to government regulation. Mining activities by individuals are restricted. Individuals are not permitted to exploit mineral reserves allocated for exploitation by a mining enterprise or company, or specified minerals prescribed by the state for protective mining. Indiscriminate mining that damages mineral resources is prohibited.

   
 

If mining activities result in damage to arable land, grassland or afforested area, the mining operator must take measures to return the land to an arable state within the prescribed time frame. Any entity or individual which fails to fulfill its remediation obligations may be fined and denied application for land use rights for new land by the relevant land and natural resources authorities.

   
 

It is unlawful for an entity or individual to conduct mining operations in areas designated for other legal mining operators. A mining operator whose exploitation causes harm to others in terms of production or in terms of living standards is liable for compensation and is required to take necessary remedial measures. When a mine is closed, a mine closure report and information concerning the mining facilities, hidden dangers, remediation and environmental protection must be submitted for examination and approval in accordance with the relevant PRC law and regulations.

   
 

The mineral products illegally extracted and the income derived from such activities may be confiscated and may result in fines, revocation of the mining permit and, in serious circumstances, criminal liability.

   
 

Energy Conservation Law

   
 

The new Energy Conservation Law came into effect on April 1, 2008. It sets out the general principles for reducing energy waste and improving efficiency of energy consumption. It urges the adjustment of industry structure and replacement of high energy consumption projects with new energy or renewable energy resources. In March 2014, the MIIT issued a regulation, the "Opinion on Implementing Supervision of Industrial Energy Conservation", which lists the primary aluminum smelting as one of the high energy consumption operations that will be highly monitored. In December 2014, the MIIT issued the Guidance for National Industrial Efficiency, which sets forth industrial efficiency standards for producers of major products in industries that involve high energy consumption, which included electrolytic aluminium and aluminium oxide products.

   
 

Tax Laws and Regulation

   
 

In March 2007, the PRC government promulgated the Enterprise Income Tax Law which became effective from January 1, 2008. The Enterprise Income Tax Law imposes a single income tax rate of 25% on both domestic and foreign invested enterprises. Certain branches and subsidiaries of us were granted tax concessions including preferential tax rates of 15%. On December 6, 2007, PRC government promulgated the Enterprise Income Tax Law Implementation Rules which also became effective on January 1, 2008.

   

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C.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

   
 

Below is a summary of our corporate structure and principal subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014:

   

 

Company

Percentage of
ownership interest
attribution to
the Company

Principal activities

 




       
 

Baotou Aluminum Co., Limited

100%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum, aluminum alloy and carbon products

 

Chalco Hong Kong Ltd.(1)

100%

Overseas investments,import and export activities

 

Chalco Zunyi Alumina Co., Ltd.

73.28%

Manufacture and distribution of alumina

 

China Aluminum International Trading Co., Ltd.

100%

Import and export activities

 

Chalco Mining Co., Ltd.

100%

Manufacture, acquisition and distribution of bauxite mines, limestone ore, aluminum magnesium ore and related nonferrous metal products

 

Fushun Aluminum Co., Ltd.

100%

Aluminum smelting, manufacture and distribution of nonferrous metals

 

Gansu Hualu Aluminum Co., Ltd.

51%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

 

Shandong Huayu Aluminum and Power Co., Ltd.

55%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

 

Shanxi Huasheng Aluminum Co., Ltd.

51%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum, aluminium alloy and carbon-related products

 

Shanxi Huaze Aluminum and Power Co., Ltd.

60%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum and anode carbon products and electricity generation and supply

 

Zunyi Aluminum Co., Ltd.

62.10%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

 

Shanxi Huaxing Alumina Co., Ltd.(2)

60%

Manufacture and distribution of alumina

 

Gansu Huayang Mining Development
    Company Limited

70%

Manufacture and distribution of coal and other mineral products

 

Chalco Energy Co., Ltd.

100%

Thermoelectric supply and investment management

 

Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd.

70.82%

Thermal power, wind power and solar power generation, coal mining, and power related equipment manufacturing

 

Chalco Hong Kong Investment
    Company Limited(1)

100%

Bond issuance

 

Guizhou Huajin Aluminum Co., Ltd.

60%

Manufacture and distribution of alumina

 

Yinxing Energy(3)

37.47%

Operation of wind power, design, manufacture and distribution of windpower and solar power equipment

       

 


 
     

 

(1)

Chalco Hong Kong Ltd. is incorporated in Hong Kong and Chalco Hong Kong Investment Company Limited is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. All other principal subsidiaries are incorporated in the PRC.

     
 

(2)

We indirectly hold the remaining 40% shares of Shanxi Huaxing Alumina Co., Ltd, through Chalco Hong Kong Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary.

     
 

(3)

We indirectly hold 37.47% shares of Yinxing Energy through Ningxia Energy, a subsidiary of ours in which we hold 70.82% of its shares.

     

62

 


 

D.

PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

   
 

Mines

   
 

Bauxite Mines

   
 

The following map sets forth details of the area surrounding Pingguo mine, our largest bauxite mine in China:

   

 

 

The Guangxi Pingguo plant, located in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, commenced operations in 1994. The surrounding infrastructure includes roadways and waterways.

   
 

Modernization and Physical Condition, Equipment, Infrastructure and Other Facilities

   
 

We have modern facilities at our mines in China, which were designed by professional PRC mine design institutes and adhere to international standards. Our mines are either open pit or underground. Our mines generally have mining offices and transportation facilities that have access to local roads and highways. In addition, we utilize advanced heavy equipment such as bulldozers and scrapers.

   
 

Source of Power and Water

   
 

All of our mining facilities in China are connected to the local or regional electric power grids. In addition, our mining facilities are connected to reliable water sources, all of which were sufficient for the requirements of each individual mine.

   
 

Our mines in Indonesia have access to local roads. The two mines in production are powered by diesel fuel and are equipped with washing machines.

   

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Coal Mines

   
 

We acquired 70% of the equity interest in Gansu Huayang in March 2011, which holds exploration rights for certain coal deposits in Gansu Province, namely, Luochuan mine. The exploration permit will expire in October 2016. Luochuan mine is an underground mine. We have completed the exploration but have not commenced development of Luochuan mine. As of the date of this annual report, neither proven nor probable reserves have been established in accordance with United States Securities and Exchange Commission Industry Guide 7 ("Industry Guide 7").

   
 

We acquired the mining rights for certain coal deposits Guizhou Province, namely Laodonghe mine, in January 2013 through Chalco Guizhou Mining Co., Ltd. We held 80% of the equity interest of Laodonghe mine. The mining permit will expire in December 2018. We have completed the exploration but have not commenced development of Laodonghe mine. Laodonghe mine is an underground mine. As of the date of this annual report, neither proven nor probable reserves have been established in accordance with Industry Guide 7.

   
 

We completed the acquisition of 70.82% of the equity interest in Ningxia Energy in January 2013, which holds mining rights or exploration rights for certain coal deposits in Ningxia Autonomous Region. The coal mines owned and operated by Ningxia Energy include Wangwa mine, Wangwa No.2 mine, Yindonggou mine and Yinxingyijing mine, all of which are underground thermal coal mines. The operations at these coal mines are powered by electricity from local power grids and are accessible by public roads. As of the date of this annual report, neither proven nor probable reserves have been established in accordance with Industry Guide 7.

   
 

Wangwa mine and Wangwa No.2 mine are currently in extraction stage. We primarily use fully mechanized longwall mining method to extract coal from Wangwa mine and Wangwa No.2 mine and we use advanced coal mining equipment including hydraulic roof supports and shearers. Yindonggou mine has completed construction for capacity expansion and technology upgrade and is currently in trial production. The mining permit of Yindonggou mine will expire in July 2015. Ningxia Energy holds 50% of the interest in Yinxingyijing mine with the joint owner not participating in the operation of such mine. Yinxingyijing mine is currently under development. The exploration permit of Yinxingyijing mine will expire in August 2016 and we are in the process of applying for mining permit.

   
 

The following table sets forth detailed information on Wangwa mine and Wangwa No.2 mine:

   

   

Wangwa mine

Wangwa No. 2 mine

   



 

Nature of Ownership

Owned and operated by
Ningxia Energy, a 70.82%
subsidiary of Chalco

Owned and operated by
Ningxia Energy, a 70.82%
subsidiary of Chalco

       
 

Commencement of construction

1984(1)

2007

 

Commencement of extraction

1990(1)

2010

 

Permit renewal

January 2017

July 2017

       
 

Mining recovery rate (%)(2)

78%

76%

 

Depth of mine (meters underground)

400

400

 

Average thickness of main coal seam (meters)

6-11

8-10

       
 

Calorific value (Kcal/kg)

4,900-5,100

4,800-5,000

 

Sulphur content (%)

1.1

1.2

 

Average ash content (%)

14.2

15.3

       

 


 
     
 

(1)

Wangwa mine implemented a capacity expansion and technology upgrade in 2008 and resumed its production after completion of the foregoing expansion and upgrade in 2009. In addition, Wangwa mine is currently under construction for capacity expansion and technology upgrade and we expect to complete such expansion and upgrade in the first quarter of 2017.

     
 

(2)

The mining recovery rate is the rate of the amount of coal recovered from a determined amount of reserves, which is calculated by dividing the actual volume of coal recovered in a year by the volume of reserves mined and consumed in the same year.

     
 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, Ningxia Energy incurred capital expenditures of approximately RMB803.1 million and RMB73.5 million, respectively, on infrastructure construction and facility upgrading of its coal mines.

   

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Land

   
 

Chinalco leases to us 467 pieces or parcels of land, located in eight provinces, covering an aggregate area of approximately 63.9 million square meters for any purpose related to our operations and businesses. Currently, all leases for our properties are valid and have not expired. The leased land mainly consists of:

   
 

*

455 pieces of allocated land with an area of approximately 62.6 million square meters. Chinalco has obtained authorization from the relevant administrative authorities to manage and lease the land use rights for such land; and

     
 

*

12 pieces of land with an area of approximately 1.3 million square meters. Chinalco has paid the land premiums and obtained land use rights certificates.

     
 

The land is leased for the following terms:

     
 

*

allocated land: 50 years commencing from July 1, 2001 (except for land use rights of mines operated by us, whose leased terms shall end on the expiration date of the mining rights or at the end of the actual mine life, whichever is earlier);

     
 

*

granted land: until expiration of the relevant land use right permits; and

     
 

*

for both allocated or granted land: normal commercial terms that stipulate, among other conditions, the terms of use, monthly or annual rental amounts payable in RMB and a six-month notification provision for termination of any lease agreement.

     
 

Buildings

   
 

Our principal executive offices, which we lease from Chinalco, are located at No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100082.

   
 

Pursuant to the reorganization in connection with our initial public offering in 2001, Chinalco transferred to us, among other operating assets, ownership of the buildings and properties for the operation of our core businesses. Chinalco retained its remaining buildings and properties for its operations. The buildings transferred to us comprise 4,631 buildings with an aggregate gross area of approximately 4.2 million square meters. These buildings may be sold or transferred only with the consent of Chinalco and in accordance with applicable land transfer procedures. Chinalco has undertaken to provide its consent and the necessary assistance to affect land grant procedures to ensure that our buildings can be legally transferred or sold.

   
 

We and Chinalco also lease to each other a number of other buildings and properties for ancillary uses, which comprise mainly buildings for offices, dormitory, canteen and storage purposes. We lease 50 buildings to Chinalco, with an aggregate gross area of approximately 40,256 square meters. Chinalco leases 168 buildings to us, with an aggregate gross area of approximately 334,670 square meters. The lease terms of all these buildings are 20 years commencing from July 1, 2001. Chinalco had obtained proper land and building title certificates for all of the buildings it leases to us by the end of 2004. On March 28, 2005, we entered into a tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, for leasing the office premises at 12th to 16th floors and 18th to 31st floors of No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, PRC with an aggregate gross floor area of 30,160.81 square meters for a term of three years. On October 15, 2008, our tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited expired, and we renewed the tenancy agreement to extend it for another three years commencing on October 16, 2008, pursuant to which, the aggregated gross floor area we leased under such tenancy agreement was increased to 30,188.0 square meters. On October 10, 2010, we entered into a supplemental tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited, pursuant to which, the aggregate gross floor area we lease under the tenancy agreement was reduced to 26,036.3 square meters. On October 15, 2011, we renewed the tenancy agreement to extend it for another two years, pursuant to which, the aggregate gross floor area we lease under the tenancy agreement was further reduced to 23,551 square meters. On March 26, 2013, we renewed the tenancy agreement with its term to be expired on December 31, 2015.

   
 

For environmental issues in relation to the utilization of our assets, please refer to "- Environmental Protection."

   

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Our Expansion

   
 

Our expansion projects in 2015 primarily include:

   
 

*

Construction of two mining areas of Sanmenxia mine at Duancun-Leigou: This project is expected to be completed by the end of 2015, with an annual bauxite production capacity of 1.6 million tonnes. We expect to invest a total amount of RMB1,358 million in this project and we had invested RMB590 million as of December 31, 2014.

     
 

*

Capacity expansion and technology upgrade of Wangwa mine: This project is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2017, with an annual coal production capacity of 6.0 million tonnes. We expect to invest a total amount of approximately RMB3.1 billion in this project and we had invested approximately RMB414 million as of December 31, 2014.

     
 

*

Construction of the mining project of 0-24 line in Mao Chang mine:The project is expected to commence production in 2015 with 1.20 million tonnes of additional production capacity of bauxite. We expect to invest a total amount of RMB787 million in this project and we had invested RMB386 million by the end of December 31, 2014.

     
 

*

Qingzhen alumina project: This project is expected to obtain the condition for trial production in June 2015, with an annual alumina production capacity of 1.6 million tonnes. We expect to invest a total amount of approximately RMB3.8 billion in this project and we had invested approximately RMB829 million as of December 31, 2014.

     
 

We intend to fund these capital expenditures through a combination of internal funds derived from our own operations and the proceeds from medium-term and long-term debt financing.

   

ITEM 4A.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 5.

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and selected historical financial data, in each case together with the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this annual report. This section contains certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of our future performance or results and our actual results could materially differ from those disclosed in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating our business, you should carefully consider the information provided in "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors."

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A.

OPERATING RESULTS

   
 

Overview

   
 

We are the largest producer of alumina and primary aluminum products in China. We are engaged principally in alumina refining, primary aluminum smelting, and trading of non-ferrous metal products, coal products and other products. In addition, we are engaged in coal mining and power generation. The remainder of our revenues were derived from research and development activities and other products and services. We organize and manage our operations according to the following key segments:

   
 

*

Our alumina segment, which consists of the mining and purchasing of bauxite and other raw materials, and production and sale of alumina as well as alumina-related products, such as alumina hydrate, alumina-based chemical products and gallium. Alumina accounted for approximately 91.5% of the total production volume for this segment in 2014. Alumina chemical products are used in the production of chemical, pharmaceutical, ceramic and construction materials. In the process of refining bauxite into alumina, we also produce gallium as a by-product. Gallium is a rare, high value metal with applications in the electronics and telecommunication industries.

     
 

*

Our primary aluminum segment, which consists of the procurement of alumina, other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, the production and sale of primary aluminum and aluminum-related products, such as carbon products, aluminum alloy products and other electrolytic aluminum products. Our principal primary aluminum products are ingots and molten aluminum, which, in the aggregate, accounted for approximately 80.1% of our total production volume of primary aluminum in 2014. Our standard 20 kilogram remelt ingots are used for general aluminum fabrication in the construction, electricity, electronics, transportation, packaging, machinery and durable goods industries. We internally produce substantially all the carbon products used at our smelters and sell our remaining carbon products to external customers.

     
 

*

Our trading segment,which consists of the trading of alumina, primary aluminum, other non-ferrous metal products, and crude fuels such as coal products, as well as supplemental materials to our internal manufacturing plants and external customers. We established our trading business as a separate segment in July 2010 as a result of the implementation of our operational structural exercise.

     
 

*

Our energy segment, which consists of coal mining and power generation, including conventional coal-fire power generation and renewable energy generation such as wind power and photovoltaic power. We established our energy segment in January 2013 as a result of our acquisition of Ningxia Energy in line with our development strategy to partially offset our future energy costs and secure a portion of the coal we consume in our operations. In 2014, we sold most of the electricity we generated to regional power grids at government-mandated rates, supplied a portion of the coal output to our own electric power plant and sold the remaining portion to external customers, including power generation enterprises and cement plants.

     
 

*

Our corporate and other operating segment, which consists of corporate and other aluminum-related research, development, and other activities of the Group.

     

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We used to be engaged in aluminum fabrication operations, where we processed primary aluminum for the production and sales of various aluminum fabrication products. As approved at our 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013, we disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations to Chinalco in line with our development strategy to focus on the upstream sectors of the aluminum market value, industry chain and the production of high value added products. As a result, we ceased to have our aluminum fabrication business as a separate segment in June 2013. In accordance with IFRSs, our aluminum fabrication segment is classified as discontinued operation and the operating results of aluminum fabrication segment are presented as discontinued operation in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013. Our alumina, primary alumina, trading, energy and corporate and other segments are classified as continuing operations and the operating results of such segments are presented as continuing operations in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

   
 

Critical Accounting Policies

   
 

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRSs as issued by the IASB, which requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the accounting policies. The areas in our financial reporting involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements. We have established procedures and processes to facilitate the making of such judgments in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Management has used the best information available but actual performance may differ from our management's estimates and future changes in key variables could change future reported amounts in our consolidated financial statements.

   
 

Property, plant and equipment (including construction in progress)

   
 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciationand accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to us and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any replaced parts is derecognised. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the financial period in which they are incurred.

   
 

We calculate depreciation on property, plant and equipment using the straight-line method to allocate their costs over their estimated useful lives down to their residual values, as follows:

   
 

Buildings

8-45 years

 

Machinery

3-30 years

 

Transportation facilities

6-10 years

 

Office and other equipment

3-10 years

 

We reviewed and adjusted the assets' depreciation method, residual values and useful lives, if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater thanits estimated recoverable amount.

   
 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised within "other gains, net" in profit or loss.

   
 

Construction in progress ("CIP") represents buildings under construction, and plant andequipment pending for installation, and is stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Cost comprises construction expenditures, other expenditures necessary for the purpose of preparing the CIP for its intended use and those borrowing costs incurred before the assets are ready for their intended use that are eligible for capitalisation. CIP is transferred to property, plant and equipment when the CIP is ready for its intended use.

   

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Intangible assets - goodwill

   
 

Goodwill arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures and represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the our share of the net identifiable assets of the acquiree at the date of acquisition.

   
 

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to each of the cash-generating units, or groups of cash-generating units, that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. Each unit or group of units to which the goodwill is allocated represents the lowest level within the entity at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. Goodwill is monitored at the operating segment level.

   
 

Goodwill impairment reviews are undertaken annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment. The carrying value of goodwill is compared to the recoverable amount, which is the higher of value in use and the fair value less costs of disposal. Any impairment is recognised immediately as an expense and is not subsequently reversed.

   

 

Intangible assets - mining rights and mineral exploration rights

   
 

Our mineral exploration rights and mining rights relate to coal, bauxite and other mines.

   
 

(i)

Recognition

     
   

Mineral exploration rights and mining rights are initially recorded at the cost which includes the acquisition consideration, qualifying exploration and other direct costs. The mineral exploration rights are stated at cost less any impairment, and the mining rights are stated at cost less any amortization and impairment.

     
 

(ii)

Reclassification

     
   

Mineral exploration rights are converted to mining rights when technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource are demonstrable. Mineral exploration rights are subject to amortization when the mineral exploration rights are converted to mining rights and commercial production has commenced.

     
   

We assess the stage of each mine under construction to determine when a mine moves into the production stage. The criteria used to assess the start date are determined based on the unique nature of each mine construction project. We consider various relevant criteria, such as completion of a reasonable period of testing of the mine and equipment, ability to produce in saleable form (within specifications) and ability to sustain ongoing production to assess when a mine is substantially complete and ready for its intended use.

     
 

(iii)

Amortization

     
   

Amortization of bauxite and other mining rights (except for coal mining rights) is provided on a straight-line basis according to the shorter of the expiration date of the mining certificate and the mine able period of natural resources. Estimated mine able periods of the majority of the mining rights range from 3 to 30 years.

     
   

Coal mining rights are amortised on a unit-of-production basis over the economically recoverable reserves evaluated based on the reserves estimated in accordance with the standards in the Solid Mineral Resource/Reserve Classification of the PRC (GB/T17766-1999) of the mine concerned.

     

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(iv)

Impairment

     
   

An impairment review is performed when there are indicators that the carrying amount of the mineral exploration rights and mining rights may exceed their recoverable amounts. To the extent that this occurs, the excess is fully provided as impairment loss.

     
 

Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale

   
 

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sales transaction rather than through continuing use. For this to be the case, the asset or disposal group must be available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for the sale of such assets or disposal groups and its sale must be highly probable. All assets and liabilities of a subsidiary classified as a disposal group are reclassified as held for sale regardless of whether the Group retains a non-controlling interest in its former subsidiary after the sale.

   
 

Non-current assets and disposal groups (other than financial assets) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amounts and fair values less costs to sell. Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

   
 

Estimated impairment of trade and other receivables and inventories

   
 

A provision for impairment of trade and other receivables is established when there is objective evidence that we will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original repayment terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are considered as indicators that a trade receivable is impaired. The amount of provision is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate. Cash flows relating to trade and other receivables are discounted if the effect of discounting is material. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. When a trade and other receivable is uncollectible, it is written-off against the allowance account for trade and other receivables. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written-off are recognized as income in profit or loss. The impairment is subject to our management's assessment as of the end of the reporting period, and hence, the provision amount is subject to uncertainty.

   
 

Our management tests whether inventories suffered any impairment based on estimates of the net realizable value of the inventories. For different types of inventories, it requires the exercise of accounting estimates on selling price, costs of conversion, selling expenses and related tax expense to calculate their net realizable value. For inventories held for executed sales contracts, our management estimates the net realizable value based on the contractual price; for other inventories, our management estimates the realizable future price based on the actual prices during the period from the balance sheet date to the date these financial statements were approved for issuance by our Board, taking into account the nature and balance of inventories and future estimated price trends. For raw materials and work-in-progress, our management has established a model in estimating the net realized value at which the inventories can be realized in the normal course of business after considering our manufacturing cycles, production capacity and forecasts, estimated future conversion costs and selling prices. The management also takes into account the price or cost fluctuations and other related matters occurring after the end of the reporting period which reflect conditions that existed as of the end of the reporting period.

   
 

It is reasonably possible that if there is a significant change in circumstances including our business and the external environment, outcomes within the next financial year may be significantly affected.

   

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Coal reserve estimates and units-of-production amortization for coal mining rights

   
 

External qualified valuation professionals evaluate "economically recoverable reserves" based on reserves estimated by external qualified exploration engineers in accordance with the PRC standards. Engineering estimates of our coal reserves are inherently imprecise and represent only approximate amounts because of the subjective judgments involved in developing such information. Economically recoverable reserve estimates are updated on regular basis and have taken into account recent production and technical information about each mine.

   
 

Income Tax

   
 

We estimate our income tax provision and deferred income taxation in accordance with the prevailing tax rules and regulations, taking into account any special approvals obtained from relevant tax authorities and any preferential tax treatment to which we are entitled in each location or jurisdiction in which we operate. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. We recognize liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred income tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

   
 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses and other temporary differences, such as provision for impairment of receivables, inventories and property, plant and equipment and accruals of expenses not yet deductible for tax purposes, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilized or other temporary difference could be recovered. Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies. The carrying value of our deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2014 was RMB2,403 million, compared with approximately RMB1,892 million as of December 31, 2013 without taking into consideration the offsetting of the balances within the same tax jurisdiction. The amount of unrecognized tax losses as of December 31, 2014 was RMB22,564 million, compared with approximately RMB16,709 million as of December 31, 2013.

   
 

An entity shall recognize a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, except to the extent that both of the following conditions are satisfied: (a) the parent, investor or joint venturer is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference; and (b) it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. We believe that the taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures satisfy the above criteria and therefore, relevant deferred tax liabilities was recognized as disclosed in Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements.

   
 

We believe we have recorded adequate current tax provision and deferred income taxes based on the prevailing tax rules and regulations and our current best estimates and assumptions. In the event that future tax rules and regulations or related circumstances change, adjustments to current and deferred income taxation may be necessary which would impact the our results or financial position.

   

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Going concern

   
 

As set out in Note 2.1 to the consolidated financial statements, our directors believe that we have adequate resources to continue operation for the foreseeable future of not less than 12 months from the approval date of these financial statements. Our directors therefore are of the opinion that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

   
 

Revenue recognition

   
 

We recognise revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, itis probable that future economic benefits will flow to us and when specific criteria have been met for each of the our activities (see descriptions below).

   
 

(i)

Sales of goods

     
   

Revenue from the sales of goods is recognised when we have already transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyers, we have retained neither continuing managerial involvement nor control over the goods, it is probable that the economic benefits related to the transaction will flow into us, and the revenue and related costs incurred can be measured reliably.

     
   

If we are acting solely as an agent, amounts billed to customers are offset against the relevant costs, and the related revenue is reported on a net basis.

     
 

(ii)

Rendering of services

     
   

We provide machinery processing, transportation and packaging services and other services to third party customers. These services are recognised in the period when the related services are provided.

     
 

New IFRSs Pronouncements

   
 

For a detailed discussion of new accounting pronouncements, please see Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

   
 

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

   
 

We believe that the following factors which impact our various revenue and expense items (as described below) have had, and will continue to have, a significant effect on the development of our business, financial position and results of operation.

   
 

Economic Condition of China and the World

   
 

As the major aluminum product market is globalized, the demand for and prices of our products are highly correlated with the general economic condition of China and the world and the performance of the major aluminum and related product markets. In recent years, China's economy has experienced rapid growth despite the continued negative effects of the global financial crisis beginning in the second half of 2008 and economic recession in 2009, as well as general market volatility and changing macroeconomic conditions. The measured growth of China's economy has led to a general increase in demand in major aluminum product markets, which in turn resulted in increased demand for our products. From 2013 to 2014, China's GDP grew by 7.5%.

   
 

However, despite the growth in China's economy and the recovery of the global economy from the global financial crisis, general market volatility and changing macroeconomic conditions along with excessive supply over demand in the aluminum industry and fierce competition among aluminum producers remained unchanged in 2014.

   
 

The global output of alumina in 2014 increased to approximately 112.3 million tonnes from 2013. The global alumina consumption in 2014 increased to approximately 111.3 million tonnes from 2013. In 2014, the domestic output of alumina products increased to approximately 51.3 million tonnes from 2013 and the domestic consumption for alumina increased to approximately 56.2 million tonnes from 2013. In 2014, alumina imported into the PRC increased to approximately 5.3 million tonnes from 2013.

   
 

The global output of primary aluminum in 2014 increased to approximately 53.9 million tonnes from 2013. The global consumption of primary aluminum in 2014 increased to approximately 54.9 million tonnes from 2013. In 2014, the domestic output of primary aluminum increased to approximately 28.1 million tonnes from 2013 and the domestic consumption of primary aluminum increased to approximately 28.1 million tonnes from 2013.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, we had cost of sales from continuing operations of RMB141,138.8 million, compared with cost of sales from continuing operations of RMB166,679.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   

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Mix and Pricing of Our Products

   
 

We are engaged principally in alumina refining, primary aluminum smelting and sales of these products and trading of non-ferrous metal products and other products. In addition, we are engaged in coal mining and power generation. We sell most of our self-produced products through Chalco Trading, taking into account the relevant LME and SHFE prices. In 2014, revenues generated from alumina, primary aluminum, trading and energy segments (after elimination of inter-segment sales) accounted for 4.1%, 21.3%, 70.8% and 3.6%, respectively, of our consolidated total revenues from continuing operations after elimination of inter-segment sales. We apply different policies to price different products. For information on our pricing of different products, please see the section headed "Item 4. Information of the Company - B. Business Overview - Sales and Marketing."

   
 

The sales prices of alumina that our alumina refineries sell internally to Chalco Trading are determined at both a percentage of the weighted average of the three-month primary aluminum futures prices on the SHFE in the preceding calendar month and the average spot price of alumina in the domestic market in the preceding calendar month. Chalco Trading coordinates the external sales of our alumina products. In 2014, due to the increase in demand for alumina in China, international alumina prices slightly rebounded. The domestic alumina prices dropped to the lowest level of the year in the first quarter of 2014 as a result of the suspension of certain domestic aluminum production, which decreased domestic demand for alumina. Domestic alumina prices rebounded in the second and third quarters as the suspended domestic aluminum production resumed and new smelting production capacity added. In 2014, the spot price of alumina in the international market reached a high of approximately US$357 per tonne and bottomed out at approximately US$307 per tonne, and the average spot price of alumina in the international market was approximately US$330 per tonne, representing an increase of 1.2% from 2013. The spot price of alumina in the domestic market reached a high of RMB2,832 per tonne and bottomed out at RMB2,358 per tonne, and the average spot price of alumina in the domestic market was approximately RMB2,541 per tonne, representing an increase of 1.8% from 2013. Our average selling price of alumina decreased by 1.8% from RMB2,544 per tonne in 2013 to RMB2,498 per tonne in 2014.

   
 

Like most primary aluminum producers in China, we price our primary aluminum products by reference to the SHFE spot prices and spot market prices. Fluctuations in the SHFE spot prices have a significant effect on our operating results. In 2014, the international and domestic price of primary aluminum showed an inclination of picking up following an initial dip. In terms of international market, the international price of aluminum was suppressed in the first quarter due to the influence by the extreme cold weather in certain regions of the United States and general market volatility and downturn of the global economy. However, from the second quarter of 2014, as the global economy and, in particular, the U.S. economy, rebounded, demand for primary aluminum gradually increased, resulting in an increase in primary aluminum prices. The average three-month aluminum futures prices at LME increased by 0.3% from US$1,888 per tonne in 2013 to US$1,893 per tonne in 2014. The average three-month aluminum futures prices at SHFE decreased by 6.1% from RMB14,592 per tonne in 2013 to RMB13,697 per tonne in 2014. Our average selling price of primary aluminum decreased by 7.3% from RMB14,612 per tonne in 2013 to RMB13,546 per tonne in 2014.

   

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Price Volatility of Non-ferrous Metal and Coal Products.

   
 

Since late 2009, as a result of the implementation of our operational structural adjustment, we have been engaged substantially in the trading of outsourced non-ferrous metal products to increase our profit. In 2012, we began to engage in the trading of significant amount of outsourced coal products to diversify our product portfolio. Although the profit margin of sales of outsourced products is typically lower than that of our self-produced products, we generated substantial revenues and profit from trading of outsourced products in 2014 due to our significant trading volumes. Our revenue generated from external sales of products purchased from external sources in 2014 was approximately RMB72,372.8 million, representing approximately 72.1% of total revenue from external sales in our trading segment. From time to time, we may enter into futures and option transactions in addition to the simple buy-low-sell-high trading model to hedge against price fluctuations in non-ferrous metal and coal products market. However, short-term price volatility of these products remains a key factor affecting our operation result, as we need to make the correct prediction of the price trends of these products on the markets to ensure substantial revenues through large trading volume. If the market price trend does not match our prediction, we may be forced to sell trading products at low prices or to purchase trading products at high prices, which may adversely affect gross margins and profitability.

   
 

Manufacturing Costs

   
 

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of the costs of the raw materials, overhead cost and the electric power cost which is our principal energy cost. Our principal raw material is bauxite. For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, bauxite supplied by our own mines accounted for 50.5%, 49.0% and 55.4%, respectively, of our total bauxite used in the production of alumina. The unit cost of bauxite produced by us is generally lower than the unit cost of bauxite procured from external suppliers. In 2014, as a result of a decrease in the energy prices and improvement in energy efficiency during the manufacturing process, our average cost of alumina per tonne decreased by approximately 5.2% from that in 2013.

   
 

Given our high proportion of fixed costs, we must generate sufficient sales to absorb our fixed costs to maintain or increase our operating margins. Our acquisitions and production expansion in recent years have significantly increased our costs that are relatively fixed in nature such as leases and depreciation of property, plant and equipment and employee benefit expenses. If we are able to maintain satisfactory facility utilization rates and productivity, our production capacity expansion will enable us to reduce our unit costs through economies of scale and recover associated increased costs through higher output. In 2014, we continued to focus on lowering the production costs and increasing production efficiency through reducing raw materials consumption by improving technology and internal management.

   
 

Primary aluminum is one of our major aluminum products and is produced by smelting operations. Smelting operations require a substantial and continuous supply of electricity. Electricity cost is the most significant component of our primary aluminum production cost and accounted for approximately 41.0% of our unit production cost for primary aluminum in 2014. The availability and price of electricity are key considerations in our primary aluminum operations. Interruptions of electricity supply can result in lengthy production shutdowns, increased costs associated with restarting production and waste of production in progress, and prolonged interruptions can cause damage to or the destruction of production equipment and facilities. The preferential electricity prices formerly enjoyed by Chinese primary aluminum enterprises were eliminated in 2009. Our average annual electricity price per kilowatt-hour decreased by 5.1% from 2012 to 2013 and decreased by 6.7% from 2013 to 2014.

   

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Availability and Costs of Financing

   
 

We require a significant amount of capital to fund our operations. For example, we need substantial amount of funds for expanding our operations, purchasing and maintaining equipment and procuring commodities. We have in the past funded our capital expenditures primarily with bank loans and issuance of medium-term notes and bonds and long-term bonds. The availability of financing is subject to various factors, including our credit history and PRC Government's policy on credit markets. Over the years, we have maintained good relationships with the commercial banks in China, which enables us to access bank financing at relatively low costs. In recent years, the PRC government had tightened its monetary policies to control inflation, including increasing interest rates on bank loans and deposits and tightening the money supply. The PRC government has loosened its monetary policy and lowered interest rates on bank loans since the end of 2014. However, any change towards stricter lending policies in the future may, among other things, affect our ability to obtain financing and may in turn adversely affect our operating results.

   
 

Our finance costs from continuing operations increased by 14.8% from 2013 to 2014, primarily due to an increase in interest rate of interest-bearing debts. If we are unable to secure sufficient external funding when required, we may not be able to fund our working capital requirements and necessary capital expenditures, which could adversely affect our business, financial performance and prospects.

   
 

In addition, our borrowing costs and access to debt financing depend significantly on our credit ratings. These ratings, including long term corporate credit ratings and financing bond credit ratings, are assigned by rating agencies, which may lower or withdraw their ratings. Any change in our credit ratings or average interest rate could have negative implications, which may increase our finance costs and affect our financial results.

   
 

Regulatory Environment

   
 

The central and local governments in PRC continues to exercise a substantial degree of control and influence over the aluminum and other non-ferrous metal product industry in China and shape the structure and development of the industry through the imposition of industry policies governing major project approvals and safety, environmental and quality regulations, including but not limited to the "Aluminum Industry Development Policy", "Notice on Guiding Opinions for Accelerating Aluminum Industrial Restructuring", "Environmental Protection Guide for Developing Cyclic Economy in Aluminum Industry", "Notice of the State Council of China on Further Strengthening the Elimination of Obsolete Production Capacities" and "Non-ferrous Metals Industry Restructuring and Revitalization Planning", etc. Certain existing laws and regulations involve barriers to entry, setting, amending or abolishing import tariffs and limitations and duties on the export of aluminum and certain non- ferrous metals and related products. If the PRC government changes its current policies or the interpretation of those policies that are currently beneficial to us, we may face pressure on profit margins and significant constraints on our ability to expand our business operations.

   
 

Selected Statement of Operation Items

   
 

Revenue

   
 

Our revenue from continuing operations is primarily generated from sales of alumina, primary aluminum, other non-ferrous metal products and coal products. In addition, we are engaged in coal mining and power generation. The remainder of our revenues were derived from research and development activities and other products and services. Historically, Chalco Trading mainly generated revenue by selling self-produced products procured from our alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication plants. As a result of the implementation of our operational structural adjustment exercise, we established our trading business as a new business segment in 2010. In connection with the significant increase of trading revenue, we refined our existing accounting system to separately capture sales of self-produced products and products sourced from external suppliers within the trading segment in 2011 and 2012. We disposed of the aluminum fabrication segment in June 2013. As the result, the operation results of such segment was classified as discontinued operation in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the comparative figures and the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2012 are revised to reflect the reclassification between continuing operations and discontinued operation accordingly. Thus, our revenue from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 does not include revenue from the aluminum fabrication business.

   

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Cost of Sales

   
 

Our cost of sales from continuing operations consists primarily of purchase of inventories in relation to trading activities, the cost of the raw materials and consumables used, the electric power cost which is our principal energy cost, the fixed cost and employee benefit expenses. For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, our cost of sales from continuing operations was RMB143,425.9 million, RMB166,679.8 million and RMB141,138.8 million, respectively, and accounted for 99.9%, 98.4% and 99.6% of the total consolidated revenues from continuing operations for those periods.

   
 

Operating Expenses

   
 

Selling and Distribution Expenses. Our selling and distribution expenses from continuing operations consist primarily of transportation and loading expenses, packaging expense and, to a lesser extent, port expenses, employee benefit expenses for employees in selling and distribution department, warehouse and other storage fees, depreciation of non-production property, plant and equipment, sales commissions and other handling fees, marketing and advertising expenses, and others. Selling and distribution expenses from continuing operations accounted for 38.3%, 33.8% and 14.0% of our total operating expenses from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

   
 

General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses from continuing operations consist primarily of early retirement benefit expenses, employee benefit expenses for directors and officers and employees in administrative department and, to a lesser extent, taxes other than income tax expenses, impairment of intangible assets, depreciation of non-production property, plant and equipment, provision for impairment of receivables, termination benefit expenses, operating lease rental expenses, travelling and entertainment, legal and other professional fees, amortization of land use rights and leasehold land, utilities and office supplies, insurance expense, pollutants discharge fees, repairs and maintenance expenses, auditors' remuneration, amortization of intangible assets, and others. General and administrative expenses from continuing operations accounted for 57.4%, 53.6% and 38.5% of our total operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. Employee benefit expenses from continuing operations, including salaries and bonus, housing fund, staff welfare and other expenses, employment expense in relation to early retirement schemes, termination benifit and retirement benefit cost-defined contribution schemes, comprise the significant component of our general and administrative expenses from continuing operations, accounting for 30.5%, 32.7% and 53.4% of our total general and administrative expenses from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, among which, we had expenses for early retirement benefit and termination benefit from continuing operations of RMB1,536.3 million, accounting for 31.8% of our total general and administrative expenses from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Research and Development Expenses. Our research and development expenses from continuing operations accounted for 3.9%, 3.5% and 2.3% of our total operating expenses from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

   
 

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment. Our impairment loss on property, plant and equipment from continuing operations accounted for 0.4%, 9.1% and 45.2% of our total operating expenses from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

   

76

 


 
 

Government Grants

   
 

Governemnt grants primarily were research subsidies, grants on environment protection projects and electricity price subsidies from government.

   
 

Other Gains, net

   
 

Our other net gains from continuing operations in 2014 were RMB356.9 million, which consisted primarily of gains on future, forward and options contracts and gains on financial products, partially offset by losses on disposal of property, plant and land use rights.

   
 

Finance Income

   
 

Our finance income from continuing operations consists primarily of interest income. For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, our finance income was RMB302.3 million, RMB616.6 million and RMB1,047.6 million, and accounted for 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.7% of the total consolidated revenues from continuing operations, respectively.

   
 

Finance Costs

   
 

Our financing costs consist primarily of interest expense on our borrowings, which we have incurred mainly to fund our capital expenditures. Interest rates on loans related to capital expenditures and working capital set by banks generally follow guidelines issued by the People's Bank of China. The People's Bank of China regulates the interest rates for commercial loans charged by state-owned banks from time to time as part of the PRC government's efforts to regulate the PRC economy. In 2014, we incurred interest expense (net of capitalized interest) from continuing operations of RMB6,583.6 million on our borrowings.

   
 

Share of Profits and Losses of Joint Ventures

   
 

Our share of profits and losses of joint ventures is the profits attributable to us from our joint ventures, based on our equity interests in such joint ventures. A joint venture is a type of joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the joint venture. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control.

   
 

Share of Profits and Losses of Associates

   
 

Our share of profits and losses of associates is the profits attributable to us from our associates, based on our equity interests in such associates. An associate is an entity over which we have significant influence but not control.

   

77

 


 
 

Consolidated Results of Operations

   
 

The following table sets forth certain income and expense items as a percentage of our revenues from continuing operations from our consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the periods indicated:

   
   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   




   

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

US$

(%)

   

(in millions, except percentages)

                 
 

Continuing operations

             
 

Revenue

143,437.0

100.0

169,431.2

100.0

141,772.3

22,849.5

100.0

 

Cost of sales

(143,425.9)

(99.9)

(166,679.8)

(98.4)

(141,138.8)

(22,747.4)

(99.6)

   








                 
 

Gross profit

11.1

0.1

2,751.4

1.6

633.5

102.1

0.4

 

Selling and distribution expenses

(1,834.0)

(1.3)

(1,859.2)

(1.1)

(1,753.2)

(282.6)

(1.2)

 

General and administrative expenses

(2,750.2)

(2.0)

(2,946.9)

(1.7)

(4,832.2)

(778.8)

(3.4)

 

Research and development expenses

(184.7)

(0.1)

(193.6)

(0.1)

(293.8)

(47.3)

(0.2)

 

Impairment loss on property,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    plant and equipment

(19.9)

(0.0)

(501.2)

(0.3)

(5,679.5)

(915.4)

(4.0)

 

Government grants

734.9

0.5

805.9

0.5

824.0

132.8

0.6

 

Other (losses)/gains, net

(17.0)

(0.0)

7,399.3

4.4

356.9

57.5

0.3

   








                 
 

Operating (loss)/profit from

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    continuing operations

(4,059.8)

(2.8)

5,455.7

3.2

(10,744.3)

(1,731.7)

(7.5)

 

Finance income

302.3

0.2

616.5

0.4

1,047.6

168.8

0.7

 

Finance costs

(4,363.0)

(3.1)

(5,849.6)

(3.5)

(6,717.9)

(1,082.7)

(4.7)

 

Share of profits and losses of joint

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    ventures

37.0

0.0

148.7

0.1

89.5

14.4

0.1

 

Share of profits and losses of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    associates

256.1

0.2

511.9

0.3

350.6

56.6

0.2

   








                 
 

(Loss) /profit before income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    from continuing operations

(7,827.4)

(5.5)

883.2

0.5

(15,974.5)

(2,574.6)

(11.2)

 

Income tax benefit/(expense)

371.1

0.3

(339.5)

(0.2)

(1,074.9)

(173.2)

(0.8)

   








                 
 

(Loss) /profit for the year from

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    continuing operations

(7,456.3)

(5.2)

543.7

0.3

(17,049.4)

(2,747.8)

(12.0)

 

Discontinued operation

             
 

(Loss) /profit for the year

(1,187.3)

(0.8)

207.1

0.1

-

-

-

   








                 
 

(Loss) /profit for the year

(8,643.6)

(6.0)

750.8

0.4

(17,049.4)

(2,747.8)

(12.0)

   








                 
 

Note:

Our aluminum fabrication segment is classified as discontinued operation and the operating results of aluminum fabrication segment are presented as discontinued operation in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013. The consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2012 are revised to reflect the reclassification between continuing operations and discontinued operation accordingly.

     
 

No customer individually accounted for more than 10% of our total sales for the year ended December 31, 2014. Sales to Chinalco and its subsidiaries, joint ventures, associates and other related parties accounted for approximately 4.8%, 6.1% and 6.6% of consolidated revenues from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively. For information on related party transactions, see "Item 7 - Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions - B. Related Party Transactions" and Note 36 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

   
 

Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2013

   
 

Revenue

   
 

Our revenue from continuing operations decreased by 16.3% from RMB169,431.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB141,772.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decrease in selling price and sales volume of our products that resulted from overall competitive factors. Our average selling price of alumina decreased by 1.8% from RMB2,544 per tonne in 2013 to RMB2,498 per tonne in 2014. Our average selling price of primary aluminum decreased by 7.3% from RMB14,612 per tonne in 2013 to RMB13,546 per tonne in 2014.

   

78

 


 
 

Cost of Sales

   
 

Our cost of sales from continuing operations decreased by 15.3% from RMB166,679.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB141,138.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decrease in production cost and sales volume of our principal products. In 2014, due to decreases in power and raw material consumption per production unit and decreases in raw materials, fuel and electricity prices, our average cost of alumina per tonne decreased by approximately 5.2% from that in 2013. Our production cost of primary aluminum decreased by 4% from 2013 to 2014, primarily due to decreases in the prices of raw materials, fuel and electricity, and decreases in power and raw material consumption per production unit. In particular, our average annual electricity price decreased by 6.7% from 2013 to 2014.

   
 

Selling and Distribution Expenses

   
 

Our selling and distribution expenses from continuing operations decreased by 5.7% from RMB1,859.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB1,753.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decrease in shipping and handling costs for our products, as our sales volume decreased in 2014.

   
 

General and Administrative Expenses

   
 

Our general and administrative expenses from continuing operations increased by 64.0% from RMB2,946.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB4,832.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the costs related to the provision of termination and early retirement benefits to early retired employees and those with termination of labor relationship through negotiation in 2014.

   
 

Research and Development Expenses

   
 

Our research and development expenses from continuing operations increased by 51.8% from RMB193.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB293.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily because we included the expenses on research and development of the 600kA-grade electrolytic aluminum technology in the research and development expenses in 2014, while we did not included such expenses in the research and development expenses in 2013.

   
 

Impairment Loss on Property, Plant and Equipment

   
 

Our impairment loss on property, plant and equipment from continuing operations increased from RMB501.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB5,679.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to provisions of substantial impairment for certain property, plant and equipment of our Company that resulted from general market factors beyond our control, such as the continuous decrease of aluminum prices and poor market conditions in the photovoltaic and silicon industries that we participate in. The impairments primarily include(i) impairment losses of RMB2,984 million for property, plant and equipment, provided for Chongqing branch with aggregate recoverable amount of RMB3,044 million and impairment loss of RMB110 million for property, plant and equipment for Henan Branch with the recoverable amount of RMB89 million due to operating losses generated at some branches and indicators of impairment are identified for such branches as a result of continuous decrease in the aluminum price, (ii) an aggregate impairment of RMB340 million for property, plant and equipment provided for the six subsidiaries of Ningxia Energy related to photovoltaic industry due to depressed domestic photovoltaic market, with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB1,382 million, (iii) an aggregate impairment loss of RMB1,140 million for property, plant and equipment relating to silicon industry due to depressed silicon market, with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB466 million and (iv) an aggregate impairment loss of RMB1,106 million provided for property, plant and equipment that were approved by our Board to be disposed in next year due to no longer being usable, with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB276 million.

   

79

 


 

 

Government Grants

   
 

Government grants amounting to RMB824.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2014, slightly increased from RMB805.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Other Gains, Net

   
 

Our net other gains decreased from RMB7,399.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB356.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily because we recognized investment gains from the acquisition of Ningxia Energy, losing control of Jiaozuo Wanfang, and disposal of equity interest in a subsidiary in 2013, all of which were one-off in nature, which we did not recognize such gains in 2014. Our gains in 2014 were primarily gains on future, forward and options contracts and gains on financial products, partially offset by losses on dispoal of property, plant and equipment and land use rights.

   
 

Operating Profit/(Loss) from Continuing Operations

   
 

As a result of the foregoing, our operating profit from continuing operations was RMB5,455.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had an operating loss from continuing operations of RMB10,744.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Finance Income

   
 

Our finance income from continuing operations increased significantly by 69.9% from RMB616.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB1,047.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, due to an increase in interest income of receiveables from disposal of subsidiaries, businesses and assets in 2013.

   
 

Finance Costs

   
 

Our finance costs from continuing operations increased by 14.8% from RMB5,849.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB6,717.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to an increase in interest rate of interest-bearing debts.

   
 

Share of Profits and Losses of Joint Ventures

   
 

Our share of profits and losses of joint ventures from continuing operations decreased by 39.8% from RMB148.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB89.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily attributable to a decrease in the profits of all of our joint ventures except for Guangxi Huayin and Ningxia Da Tang International Dam Power Co., Ltd. due to general market conditions.

   
 

Share of Profits and Losses of Associates

   
 

Our share of profits and losses of associates from continuing operations decreased by 31.5% from RMB511.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB350.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily attributable to a decrease in the profits of all of our associates except for Jiaozuo Wanfang and ABC-CA Fund Management Co., Ltd. due to general market conditions.

   

80

 


 

 

Income Tax

   
 

Our income tax expense from continuing operations was RMB339.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had income tax expense of RMB1,074.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This was mainly attributable to the fact that deferred tax assets recognized in previous years from accumulated losses and deductible temporary differences were written down in this year.

   
 

Results of Operations

   
 

As a result of the foregoing, our net profit from continuing operations was RMB543.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had net loss from continuing operations of RMB17,049.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Our net profit from discontinued operations was RMB207.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had no profit/loss from discontinued operation for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

As a result, we had net profit of RMB750.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had net loss of RMB17,049.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Year Ended December 31, 2013 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2012

 

 

 

Revenue

 

 

 

Our revenue from continuing operations increased by 18.1% from RMB143,437.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB169,431.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the increase in our external trading volume and the newly added revenue of coal and electricity contributed by Ningxia Energy, partially offset by the decrease in the selling prices of our major products. In 2013, due to an increase in demand, the international alumina prices slightly rebounded. International primary aluminum product prices were volatile from the first quarter to the third quarter in 2013 and moved downward in the fourth quarter. Domestic alumina and aluminum product prices, impacted by continued increase in supply and China's downward adjustment to economic expectation, continued to decline in 2013. Our average selling price of alumina decreased by 5.1% from RMB2,681 per tonne in 2012 to RMB2,544 per tonne in 2013. Our average selling price of primary aluminum decreased by 6.9% from RMB15,694 per tonne in 2012 to RMB14,612 per tonne in 2013.

 

 

 

Cost of Sales

 

 

 

Our cost of sales from continuing operations increased by 16.2% from RMB143,425.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB166,679.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the increases in our external trading volume and the newly added cost of sales of coal and electricity contributed by Ningxia Energy, partly offset by a decrease in production costs of our principal products. In 2013, partly due to decreases in power and raw material consumption per production unit and decreases in raw materials, fuel and electricity prices, our average cost of alumina per tonne decreased by approximately 9% from that in 2012. Our production cost of primary aluminum decreased by 5.7% from 2012 to 2013, primarily due to the decrease in the prices of power and raw materials.

 

 

 

Selling and Distribution Expenses

 

 

 

Our selling and distribution expenses from continuing operations increased by 1.4% from RMB1,834.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB1,859.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Excluding the selling and distribution expenses of newly acquired subsidiary of Ningxia Energy, the selling and distribution expenses from continuing operations decreased by 2.7% from those in 2012, primarily due to our strict control of the selling and distribution expenses in various aspects.

 

 

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

 

 

Our general and administrative expenses from continuing operations increased by 7.2% from RMB2,750.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB2,946.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Excluding the general and administrative expenses of the newly acquired subsidiary of Ningxia Energy, the general and administrative expenses from continuing operations decreased by 4.64% from those in 2012, primarily because we strengthened our cost control in general and administrative expenses.

 

 

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

 

 

Our research and development expenses from continuing operations increased by 4.8% from RMB184.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB193.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

 

 

Impairment Loss on Property, Plant and Equipment

 

 

 

Our impairment loss on property, plant and equipment from continuing operations increased significantly by 2,418.6% from RMB19.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB501.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily because in 2013 we recognized impairment loss of RMB135 million from the provision of certain equipment of Zunyi Aluminum with the recoverable amount of RMB1,785 million and of RMB216 million from write-down of certain idle property, plant and equipment of our Group which have no resell value, whereas we did not recognize such impairment loss in 2012. See Note 8 to our audited consolidated financial statements for detailed information.

 

 

 

Government Grants

 

 

 

Government grants amounting to RMB805.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2013, slightly increased from RMB734.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

 

 

Other Gains/(Losses), Net

 

 

 

We recognized net other losses of RMB17.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we recognized net other gains of RMB7,399.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to gains realized on disposal of equity interests in Chalco Iron Ore, deemed disposal of equity interests in Jiaozuo Wanfang and disposal of alumina production line of Guizhou branch, acquisition of a subsidiary and previously held equity interest remeasured at acquisition-date fair value. In 2013, we realized gain in the amount of RMB5,413.2 million from disposal of the 65% equity interests of Chalco Iron Ore to Chinalco. In April 2013, Jiaozuo Wanfang completed a private offering of its A shares, as a result of which we lost control over Jiaozuo Wanfang. We recognized a total gain from loss of control of Jiaozuo Wanfang in the amount of RMB805 million, representing a gain of RMB547 million from the deemed disposal in 2013 and transfer of a gain of RMB257.5 million from capital reserve relating to a disposal of 4.998% equity interest of Jiaozuo Wanfang in 2010. We also recognized a gain from disposal of alumina production line of Guizhou branch in the amount of RMB33.2 million. In addition, in 2013, we recognized a gain in the amount of RMB651.2 million representing the bargain purchase gain relating to our purchase of Ningxia Energy and a gain in the amount of RMB54.0 million of equity interest we held in Ningxia Energy prior to our acquisition of it which was remeasured at the acquisition-date fair value.

 

 

 

Operating Profit/(Loss)

 

 

 

As a result of the foregoing, our operating loss from continuing operations was RMB4,059.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had an operating profit from continuing operations of RMB5,455.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

 

 

Finance Income

 

 

 

Our finance income from continuing operations increased significantly from RMB302.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB616.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, due to an increase in the average balance of time deposits and entrusted loans.

 

 

 

Finance Costs

 

 

 

Our finance costs from continuing operations increased by 34.1% from RMB4,363.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB5,849.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to a significant increase in our interest-bearing borrowings mainly incurred by Ningxia Energy, a subsidiary we acquired in 2013.

 

 

 

Share of profits of joint ventures

 

 

 

Our share of profits of joint ventures from continuing operations increased by 301.9% from RMB37.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB148.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the increase in share of profits of joint ventures as a result of consolidation of Ningxia Energy in 2013.

 

 

 

Share of profits of associates

 

 

 

Our share of profits of associates from continuing operations increased by 99.9% from RMB256.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB511.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the increase in share of profits of associates as a result of consolidation of Ningxia Energy in 2013, partly offset by the derecognition of our investment in two associates of Jiaozuo Wanfang as a result of the deemed disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang.

 

 

 

Income Tax

 

 

 

Our income tax expense from continuing operations was RMB371.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had income tax expense of RMB339.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

 

 

Results of Operations

 

 

 

As a result of the foregoing, our net loss from continuing operations was RMB7,456.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had net profit from continuing operations of RMB543.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

 

 

Our net loss from discontinued operation was RMB1,187.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had net profit from discontinued operation of RMB207.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

 

 

As a result, we had net loss of RMB8,643.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had net gain of RMB750.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

Discussion of Segment Operations

   
 

We account for our operations on a segmental basis, that is, separately prepare the accounting for our alumina, primary aluminum, trading, energy and corporate and other operating segment. Unless otherwise indicated, also included in these segments are other revenue derived from activities such as supplying electricity, gas, heat and water to our affiliates, selling scrap and other materials and providing services including transportation and research and development to third parties. For additional information relating to our business segments and segment presentation, see Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements.

   
 

The following table sets forth a breakdown of our revenues by segment and the contribution of external sales and inter-segment sales for the periods indicated:

   

81

 


 

       

Before Elimination of Inter-segment Sales

After
Elimination
of Inter-
segment Sales

   





   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

2014

2014

2014

   







   

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

%

%

   

(in millions, except percentages)

               
 

Revenue from
    continuing operations

           
 

Alumina:

           
 

External sales

3,677.0

6,703.7

5,853.7

943.4

3.1

4.1

 

Inter-segment sales

28,168.9

27,276.2

24,852.3

4,005.5

13.3

 
   






 
               
 

Total

31,845.9

33,979.9

30,706.0

4,948.9

16.4

 
   






 
               
 

Primary aluminum

           
 

External sales

34,520.9

31,885.4

30,162.9

4,861.4

16.1

21.3

 

Inter-segment sales

23,515.5

18,068.0

10,260.0

1,653.6

5.5

 
   






 
               
 

Total

58,036.4

49,953.4

40,422.9

6,515.0

21.6

 
   






 
               
 

Trading

           
 

External sales

104,878.9

125,291.6

100,346.2

16,172.9

53.7

70.8

 

Inter-segment sales

12,416.1

11,991.9

9,761.8

1,573.3

5.2

 
   






 
               
 

Total

117,295.0

137,283.5

110,108.0

17,746.2

58.9

 
   






 
               
 

Energy:

           
 

External sales

69.5

4,897.3

5,094.2

821.0

2.7

3.6

 

Inter-segment sales

-

261.8

148.1

23.9

0.1

 
   






 
               
 

Total

69.5

5,159.1

5,242.3

844.9

2.8

 
   






 
               
 

Corporate and others

           
 

External sales

290.7

653.3

315.4

50.8

0.2

0.2

 

Inter-segment sales

41.8

135.2

32.5

5.2

0.0

 
   






 
               
 

Total

332.5

788.5

347.9

56.0

0.2

 
   






 
               
 

Total Revenue from continuing
    operations before inter-segment
    eliminations

207,579.3

227,164.4

186,827.0

30,111.0

100

 
 

Eliminations of inter-segment sales

(64,142.3)

(57,733.2)

(45,054.7)

(7,261.5)

24.1

 
   






 
               
 

Consolidated total revenue from

    continuing operations

143,437.0

169,431.2

141,772.3

22,849.5

75.9

100.0

   







               

82

 


 

 

The following table sets forth segment results by segment for the periods indicated:

   

   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

2014

   





   

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

   

(in millions)

           
 

From continuing operations

       
 

Alumina:

       
 

Revenue

31,845.9

33,979.9

30,706.0

4,948.9

 

Cost and expenses(1)

(35,590.8)

(35,780.9)

(36,674.3)

(5,910.8)

   





           
 

Segment results(2)

(3,744.9)

(1,801.0)

(5,968.3)

(961.9)

   





           
 

Primary aluminum:

       
 

Revenue

58,036.4

49,953.4

40,422.9

6,515.0

 

Cost and expenses(1)

(61,121.1)

(52,745.4)

(46,798.1)

(7,542.5)

   





           
 

Segment results(2)

(3,084.7)

(2,792.0)

(6,375.2)

(1,027.5)

   





           
 

Trading:

       
 

Revenue

117,295.0

137,283.5

110,108.0

17,746.2

 

Cost and expenses(1)

(116,857.4)

(136,736.4)

(109,449.3)

(17,640.0)

   





           
 

Segment results(2)

437.6

547.1

658.7

106.2

   





           
 

Energy:

       
 

Revenue

69.5

5,159.1

5,242.3

844.9

 

Cost and expenses(1)

(115.4)

(4,210.3)

(6,978.7)

(1,124.8)

   





           
 

Segment results(2)

(45.9)

948.8

(1,736.4)

(279.9)

   





           
 

Corporate and others:

       
 

Revenue

332.5

788.5

347.9

56.0

 

Cost and expenses(1)

(1,857.2)

3,379.3

(2,625.4)

(423.1)

   





           
 

Segment results(2)

(1,524.7)

4,167.8

(2,277.5)

(367.1)

   





           
 

Elimination(3)

135.2

(187.5)

(275.8)

(44.4)

   





           
 

Total profit/(loss) from continuing

 

 

 

 

 

    operations before income tax

(7,827.4)

883.2

(15,974.5)

(2,574.6)

   





           
 


 
     
 

(1)

Consist of cost of sales, operating expenses, other income, other gains, finance income, finance costs and others attributable to each segment.

     
 

(2)

Segment results refer to profit/(loss) before income tax.

     
 

(3)

Elimination refers to the aggregate inter-segment eliminations of segment results of each segment.

     

83

 


 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2013

   
 

Alumina Segment

   
 

Revenue. Total revenue generated by the alumina segment decreased by 9.6% from RMB33,979.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB30,706.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to decreases in the sales volume and the average selling price of our alumina products, resulting from general market conditions.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of alumina segment decreased by 12.7% from RMB6,703.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB5,853.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decrease in the sales volume and selling price of alumina.

   
 

Revenue from inter-segment sales of alumina segment decreased from RMB27,276.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB24,852.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our alumina segment increased slightly from RMB35,780.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB36,674.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Segment results. Segment loss for our alumina segment increased by 231.4% from RMB1,801.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB5,968.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This was mainly attributable to the provision of substantial impairment for certain long-term assets of the segment, provision of termination and early retirement benefits expenses in respect of the early retired employees and those with termination of labor relationship through negotiation.

   
 

Primary Aluminum Segment

   
 

Revenue . Total revenue generated by the primary aluminum segment decreased from RMB49,953.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB40,422.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to decreases in the sales volume and the average selling price of our primary aluminum products.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of the primary aluminum segment decreased from RMB31,885.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB30,162.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to decreases in the sales volume and average selling price of our primary aluminum products.

   
 

Revenue from inter-segment sales of primary aluminum segment decreased by 43.2% from RMB18,068.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB10,260.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Besides the decrease in the selling price and sales volume, this was also attributable to the change in respect of the sales to Chinalco's aluminum fabrication companies from internal trading revenue of 2013 to external trading revenue due to the disposal of aluminum fabrication segments in 2013.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our primary aluminum segment decreased by 11.3% from RMB52,745.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB46,798.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decreases in prices of raw materials and electricity and sales volume of our primary aluminum products.

   
 

Segment results. Segment loss for our primary aluminum segment increased by 128.3% from RMB2,792.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB6,375.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This was mainly attributable to the provision of substantial impairment for certain long-term assets of the segment, provision of termination and early retirement benefits costs in respect of the early retired employees and those with termination of labor relationship through negotiation, and the reduction in the selling price of our primary aluminum products of about 7%.

   
 

Trading Segment

   
 

Revenue. Total revenue generated by the trading segment decreased by 19.8% from RMB137,283.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB110,108.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to a decrease in volumes of major aluminum products sold through our trading segment.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of the trading segment decreased by 19.9% from RMB125,291.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB100,346.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Revenue from external sales of trading segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 included RMB27,973.4 million of external sales of products produced by us and sold through the trading segment and RMB72,372.8 million of external sales of commodities purchased from external sources including alumina, primary aluminum, carbon products, aluminum fabrication products, coal products and non-ferrous metal products.

   
 

Revenue from internal sales of the trading segment decreased by 18.6% from RMB11,991.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB9,761.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our trading segment decreased by 20.0% from RMB136,736.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB109,449.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decrease in volumes of major aluminum procured and sold through our trading segment.

   
 

Segment results.  Segment profit for our trading segment increased by 20.4% from RMB547.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB658.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Energy Segment

   
 

Revenue. Total revenue generated by the energy segment increased from RMB5,159.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB5,242.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to an increase in the coal production by Ningxia Energy.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of the energy segment increased from RMB4,897.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB5,094.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Revenue from internal sales of the energy segment decreased from RMB261.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB148.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our energy segment increased from RMB4,210.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB6,978.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the provision of substantial impairment loss for assets in the year of 2014.

   
 

Segment results. Segment profit for our energy segment was RMB948.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had segment loss of RMB1,736.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This was mainly attributable to the provision of substantial impairment loss for assets of silicon and photovoltaic industry subsidiaries in this year.

   

84

 


 

 

Corporate and other operating segment

   
 

Revenue. Revenue from the corporate and other operating segment decreased by 55.9% from RMB788.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB347.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

   
 

Segment results. Segment profit for the corporate and other operating segment was RMB4,167.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, whereas we had segment loss of RMB2,277.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, mainly because we recognized significant investment gains from disposal and deemed disposal of subsidiaries in 2013, whereas we did not recognize such gains in 2014.

   
 

Year Ended December 31, 2013 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2012

   
 

Alumina Segment

   
 

Revenue. Total revenue generated by the alumina segment increased by 6.7% from RMB31,845.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB33,979.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to an increase in the sales volume of alumina, partially offset by a decrease in the average selling price.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of alumina segment increased by 82.3% from RMB3,677.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB6,703.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the change of revenue from product sales to Jiaozuo Wanfang from internal revenue to revenue from external sales and the increase in revenue from other businesses as a result of increased sales volume.

   
 

Revenue from inter-segment sales of alumina segment decreased slightly from RMB28,168.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB27,276.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our alumina segment increased slightly from RMB35,590.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB35,780.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Segment results.Segment loss for our alumina segment decreased by 51.9% from RMB3,744.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB1,801.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Primary Aluminum Segment

   
 

Revenue.Total revenue generated by the primary aluminum segment decreased from RMB58,036.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB49,953.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the decrease in sales volume of primary aluminum and decrease in the average selling price.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of the primary aluminum segment decreased by 7.6% from RMB34,520.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB31,885.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to a decrease in external sales volume of primary aluminum manufactured by us and decrease in the average selling price of primary aluminum.

   
 

Revenue from inter-segment sales of primary aluminum segment decreased by 23.2% from RMB23,515.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB18,068.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due tothe change of revenue from product sales to aluminum fabrication segment from internal revenue to revenue from external sales.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our primary aluminum segment decreased by 13.7% from RMB61,121.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB52,745.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the decrease in prices of raw materials and electricity.

   
 

Segment results. Segment loss for our primary aluminum segment decreased by 9.5% from RMB3,084.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB2,792.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Trading Segment

   
 

Revenue. Total revenue generated by the trading segment increased by 17.0% from RMB117,295.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB137,283.50 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to an increase in volumes of major aluminum and other non-ferrous metal and coal products procured and sold through our trading segment.

   
 

Revenue from external sales of the trading segment increased by 19.5% from RMB104,878.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB125,291.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Revenue from external sales of trading segment for the year ended December 31, 2013 included RMB31,514.8 million of external sales of products produced by us and sold through the trading segment and RMB93,776.8 million of external sales of commodities purchased from external sources including alumina, primary aluminum, carbon products, aluminum fabrication products, coal products and non-ferrous metal products.

   
 

Revenue from internal sales of the trading segment decreased by 3.4% from RMB12,416.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB11,991.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Revenue from internal sales of trading segment for the year ended December 31, 2013 included RMB1,259 million of internal sales of products purchased from our internal sources and RMB10,733 million of internal sales of products purchased from our external sources.

   
 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our trading segment increased by 17.0% from RMB116,857.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB136,736.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the increase in volumes of major aluminum and other non- ferrous metal and coal products procured and sold through our trading segment.

   
 

Segment results.Segment profit for our trading segment increased by 25.0% from RMB437.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB547.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Energy Segment

   
 

Revenue.Total revenue generated by the energy segment increased significantly from RMB69.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB5,159.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily because we generated revenue from sales of electricity generated and coal produced by Ningxia Energy, a subsidiary we acquired in 2013.

   
   
 

Revenue from external sales of the energy segment increased significantly from RMB69.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB4,897.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Revenue from internal sales of the energy segment increased from nil for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB261.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Cost and expenses.The total cost and expenses for our energy segment increased from RMB115.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB4,210.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Segment results. Segment loss for our energy segment was RMB45.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had segment profit of RMB948.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   
 

Corporate and other operating segment

   
 

Revenue. Revenue from the corporate and other operating segment increased by 137.1% from RMB332.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB788.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the gain from deemed disposal of equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang and gain on disposal of equity interest in Chalco Iron Ore.

   
 

Segment results. Segment loss for our corporate and other operating segment was RMB1,524.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, whereas we had segment profit of RMB4,167.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.

   

B.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

   
 

Historically, our primary sources of funding have been cash generated from operating activities, prepayments and deposits from customers, bank and other loans and proceeds from equity or notes and bonds offerings. Our primary uses of funds have been working capital for production, capital expenditures and repayments of short-term, medium-term and long-term borrowings.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our current assets amounted to RMB63,474.4 million, representing a slight increase of 0.6% from RMB63,065.4 million as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2014, our trade and notes receivable amounted to RMB5,312.6 million, representing a decrease of 13.7% from RMB6,156.6 million as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2014, our restricted cash and time deposit and cash and cash equivalents balance amounted to RMB17,932.2 million, representing an increase of 44.3% from RMB12,425.9 million as of December 31, 2013, primarily due to an increase in cash and cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2014, our other current assets amounted to RMB13,031.7 million, representing a decrease of 37.8% from RMB20,947.0 million as of December 31, 2013, primarily because in 2014 we have received part of proceeds from the disposal of equity interests in Chalco Iron Ore, the disposal of equity interests and assets of aluminum fabrication segment and the disposal of the assets of alumina production line of Guizhou branch in 2013.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our current liabilities amounted to RMB104,235.6 million, representing an increase of 7.8% from RMB96,737.6 million as of December 31, 2013. Our current liabilities increased primarily due to the issuance of short-term bonds and the increase in amounts payable.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our net current liabilities amounted to RMB40,761.2 million, representing an increase of 21.1% from RMB33,672.2 million as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2014, our current ratio (current assets/current liabilities) was 0.61, compared with 0.65 as of December 31, 2013. Our quick ratio ((current assets - inventories - prepayments)/current liabilities) was 0.36 as of December 31, 2014, compared with 0.41 as of December 31, 2013.

   
 

We have considered our available sources of funds as follows:

   
 

*

Our expected net cash inflows from operating activities in 2015;

     
 

*

As of December 31, 2014, we had total banking facilities of approximately RMB142,051 million, of which RMB65,394 million had been utilized and unutilized banking facilities amounted to RMB76,657 million as of December 31, 2014, among which, banking facilities of approximately RMB71,660 million will be subject to renewal during the next 12 months from January 1, 2015. We are confident that all banking facilities could be renewed upon their expiration based on our past experience with banks and our good credit standing; and

     
 

*

Other available sources of financing from banks and other financial institutions based on our good credit history.

     

85

 


 

 

We believe that we have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future not less than 12 months from the date these financial statements were approved. The Board therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing these financial statements.

   
 

Cash Flows and Working Capital

   
 

The following table sets forth a condensed summary of our statement of cash flows for the periods indicated:

   

   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

2014

   





   

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

   

(in millions)

           
 

Net cash flows generated

 

 

 

 

 

    from operating activities

1,122.4

8,251.3

13,773.0

2,219.8

 

Net cash flows used in investing activities

(23,153.1)

(7,686.1)

(4,921.3)

(793.2)

           
 

Net cash flows generated

 

 

 

 

 

    from/(used in) financing activities

20,428.9

1,758.5

(3,970.7)

(640.0)

   





           
 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and

 

 

 

 

 

    cash equivalents

(1,601.8)

2,323.7

4,881.0

786.6

   





           

 

Net Cash Flows Generated from Operating Activities

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, we had cash inflows before changes in working capital but after adjustment for non-cash items and non-operating cash outflows of RMB2,844.7 million and net cash generated from operation activities of RMB13,773.0 million. The adjustment consisted primarily of non-cash items such as interest expense of RMB6,707.5 million, impairment loss of property, plant and equipment of 5,679.5 million and depreciation of property, plant and equipment of RMB6,955.4 million and inflows of RMB11,237.1 million for changes in working capital and outflows of income tax of RMB308.7 million. The inflows from changes in working capital consisted primarily of (i) increase in trade and notes payables of RMB3,346.7 million, (ii) decrease in other current assets of RMB3,133.9 million and (iii) increase in other payables and accrued liabilities of RMB2,744.3 million, partially offset by an increase in restricted cash of RMB615.4 million.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2013, we had cash inflows before changes in working capital but after adjustment for non-cash items and non- operating cash outflows of RMB6,514.4 million and net cash generated from operation activities of RMB8,251.3 million. The adjustment consisted primarily of non-cash items such as interest expense of RMB6,119.7 million and depreciation of property, plant and equipment of RMB6,956.7 million and inflows of RMB2,090.0 million for changes in working capital and outflows of income tax of RMB353.1 million. The inflows from changes in working capital consisted primarily of (i) increase in trade and notes payables of RMB5,762.7 million and (ii) increase in other payables and accrued liabilities of RMB4,005.8 million, partially offset by increase in trade and notes receivables of RMB4,042.5 million and increase in other current assets of RMB2,541.6 million.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2012, we had cash inflows before changes in working capital but after adjustments for non-cash items and non-operating cash outflows of RMB1,862.8 million and net cash generated from operating activities of RMB1,122.4 million. The adjustment consisted primarily of interest expense of RMB4,913.6 million, depreciation of property, plant and equipment of RMB6,141.0 million, outflows of RMB569.1 million for changes in working capital and outflows of income tax of RMB171.3 million. The outflows from changes in working capital consisted primarily of (i) increase in inventories of RMB1,472.1 million, (ii) decrease in trade and notes payable of RMB1,342.1 million and (iii) increase in other current assets of RMB921.4 million, partially offset by decrease in trade and notes receivable of RMB3,015.9 million.

   

86

 


 
 

Net Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities

   
 

Net cash flows used in investing activities decreased from RMB7,686.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 to RMB4,921.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily due to the decrease of investment in property, plant and equipment and receipt of consideration of disposal assets for the last year in the year. Our net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 consisted primarily of purchase of property, plant and equipment of RMB8,038.3 million and addition of financial products of RMB4,635.6 million, partially offset by proceeds received from the disposal of subsidiaries, businesses and assets in 2013 and interest received from unpaid disposal proceeds of RMB7,095.1 million.

   
 

Net cash flows used in investing activities decreased from RMB23,153.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB7,686.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the cash inflows related to disposal of discontinued operation, disposal of Alumina Production Line of Guizhou branch and acquisition of Ningxia Energy, whereas we did not have such cash inflows in 2012. Our net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 consisted primarily of purchase of property, plant and equipment of RMB8,486.6 million, loans to related parties of RMB1,145.3 million and investments in joint ventures and associate of RMB1,841.3 million.

   
 

Net cash flows used in investing activities increased significantly from RMB9,714.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 to RMB23,153.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, primarily due to the increase of cash outflows related to investments in joint ventures and associates and purchases of property, plant and equipment. Our net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 consisted primarily of investments in joint ventures and associate of RMB13,578.4 million and purchase of property, plant and equipment of RMB9,148.5 million.

   
 

Net Cash Flows Generated from/Used in Financing Activities

   
 

Net cash flows used in financing activities amounted to net outflow of RMB3,970.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, representing a decrease of cash inflows of RMB5,729.1 million from the net inflows of RMB1,758.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, mainly attributable to the continuous improvement of cash flows from operating activities and decrease in financing scale and repayment of interest-bearing loans and borrowings accordingly. Our net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 consisted primarily of repayments of short-term and long-term loans of RMB70,052.1 million, repayments of short-term bonds and medium-term notes of RMB26,700.0 million and interest payments of RMB6,750.5 million, partially offset by drawdown of short-term and long-term loans of RMB60,225.9 million, issuance of short-term bonds and medium-term notes of RMB34,893.0 million, and issuance of senior perpetual securities of US$400 million, equivalent to RMB2,461.8 million.

   
 

Net cash flows generated from financing activities decreased significantly from RMB20,429.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 to RMB1,758.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, primarily due to the increase in the repayments of short-term and long-term loans. Our net cash generated from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013 consisted primarily of drawdown of short-term and long-term loans of RMB98,090.9 million, issuance of short-term bonds and medium-term notes of RMB22,936.1 million and issuance of senior perpetual securities of US$350 million, equivalent to RMB2,122.6 million, partially offset by repayments of short-term and long-term loans of RMB90,426.0 million and repayments of short-term bonds and medium-term notes of RMB24,500.0 million.

   
 

Net cash flows generated from financing activities increased significantly from RMB8,842.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 to RMB20,429.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, primarily due to the increase in the drawdown of short-term and long-term loans and issuance of short-term bonds and medium-term notes during the year. Our net cash generated from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 consisted primarily of drawdown of short-term and long-term loans of RMB74,346.5 million and issuance of short-term bonds and medium-term notes of RMB29,468.1 million, partially offset by repayments of short-term and long-term loans of RMB63,925.1 million and repayments of short-term bonds and medium-term notes of RMB18,000.0 million.

   

87

 


 

 

Loans and Borrowings

   
 

During the past years, we engaged in debt financing to fund our operations and business expansion. As of December 31, 2014, our gearing ratio (net debts/total capital attributable to owners of the parent as defined in Note 3.3 to our audited consolidated financial statements) was approximately 83% as compared with approximately 75% as of December 31, 2013.

   

   

As of December 31,

   


   

2013

2014

2014

   




   

RMB

RMB

US$

   

(in millions)

         
 

Short-term loans and borrowings

     
 

    Short-term bank and other loans

47,146.4

40,792.7

6,574.6

 

    Short-term bonds

15,275.7

23,536.4

3,793.4

 

    Current portion of finance lease payable

-

269.5

43.4

 

    Current portion of medium-term notes

2,597.5

3,995.8

644.0

 

    Current portion of long-term bank and other loans

8,328.7

6,572.9

1,059.4

   




         
 

Sub-total

73,348.3

75,167.3

12,114.8

   




         
 

Long-term loans and borrowings

     
 

    Finance lease payable

-

1,429.4

230.4

 

    Long-term bank and other loans

35,303.3

31,946.3

5,148.8

 

    Medium-term notes and bonds and long-term bonds

21,917.7

22,231.6

3,583.1

 

    Less:

     
 

        Current portion of medium-term notes

(2,597.5)

(3,995.8)

(644.0)

 

        Current portion of long-term bank and other loans

(8,328.7)

(6,572.9)

(1,059.4)

 

        Current portion of finance lease payable

-

(269.5)

(43.4)

 
   




         
 

Sub-total

46,294.8

44,769.2

7,215.5

   




         
 

Total borrowings

119,643.1

119,936.5

19,330.3

   




         
 

Less: Bank balances and cash

(12,425.9)

(17,932.2)

(2,890.1)

   




         
 

Net

107,217.2

102,004.3

16,440.1

   




         
 

Bank and Other Loans

   
 

The weighted average annual interest rate of short-term bank and other loans for the year end December 31, 2014 was 5.48%. Our short-term bank and other loans will mature within one year.

   

88

 


 

 

The weighted average annual interest rate of long-term bank and other loans for the years ended December 31, 2014 was 5.64%. The following table sets forth the aggregate maturities of our outstanding long-term bank and other loans as of December 31, 2014:

   

   

As of December 31, 2014

   


   

RMB

US$

   



   

(in millions)

       
 

Within 1 year

6,572.9

1,059.4

 

Between 1 and 2 years

3,331.1

536.9

 

Between 2 and 5 years

11,784.1

1,899.3

 

Over five years

10,258.2

1,653.3

   



       
 

Total

31,946.3

5,148.9

   



       
 

As of December 31, 2014, we had secured loans of RMB17,955.0 million (including long-term and short-term loans) and we, on a stand-alone basis, provided guarantees in respect of RMB347.9 million of long-term loans for our subsidiaries. As at December 31, 2014, long-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB12,446 million (current portion of RMB874 million and non-current portion of RMB11,572 million) were secured by the contractual right to charge users for electricity generated and short-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB241 million were secured by letters of credit.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, we had foreign currency denominated loans with principal amount of RMB24 million in Japanese Yen and RMB4,957 million in U.S. dollars.

   
 

Notes and Bonds

   
 

The following table sets forth the face value, maturity, effective interest rate and outstanding amount of our outstanding long-term bonds and medium- term notes as of December 31, 2014:

   
   

Face value/
maturity

Effective
interest rate

December 31, 2014

   




       

(RMB in thousand)

         
 

2007 long-term bonds

2,000,000/2017

4.64%

1,993,821

 

2010 medium-term notes

1,000,000/2015

4.34%

998,249

 

2010 medium-term notes

1,000,000/2015

4.20%

998,040

 

2011 medium-term notes

5,000,000/2016

6.03%

4,896,842

 

2012 Ningxia Energy medium-term bonds

400,000/2017

6.06%

400,000

 

2012 medium-term bonds

2,000,000/2015

5.13%

1,999,473

 

2012 medium-term bonds

3,000,000/2017

5.77%

2,989,167

 

2013 medium-term bonds

3,000,000/2018

5.99%

2,981,609

 

2013 medium-term bonds

2,000,000/2016

6.07%

1,994,753

 

2014 medium-term bonds

3,000000/2017

7.35%

2,979,639

       


         
 

Total

   

22,231,593

       


         
 

The following table sets forth face value, maturity, effective interest rate and outstanding amount of our outstanding short-term bonds as of December 31, 2014:

   
   

Face value/
maturity

Effective
interest rate

December 31, 2014

   




       

(RMB in thousand)

         
 

2014 short-term bonds

2,000,000/2015

6.45%

2,092,959

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.40%

3,049,586

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.85%

3,115,170

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.94%

3,116,780

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.80%

3,102,335

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

4.99%

3,028,864

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

4.75%

3,022,213

 

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.00%

3,008,483

       


         
 

Total

   

23,536,390

       


         

89

 


 

 

Senior Perpetual Capital Securities

   
 

On October 22, 2013, Chalco Hong Kong Investment Company Limited (the "Issuer") issued US$350 million senior perpetual securities (the "2013 Senior Perpetual Securities") at initial interest rate of 6.625%. The proceeds from issuance of the 2013 Securities after deduction of issuance costs is RMB2,122.6 million, and has been on-lent to us and any of our subsidiaries for general corporate use. Coupon payments of 6.625% per annum on the 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities are paid semi-annually in arrears from October 29, 2013 and may be deferred at our discretion unless, during the six-month period ending on the day before the relevant scheduled coupon payment date, we, the Issuer or Chalco Hong Kong has declared or paid a discretionary dividend, distribution or other discretionary payment on or in respect of, or has at its discretion repurchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired, any of its securities of lower or equal rank, subject to certain exceptions. The 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities have no fixed maturity and are callable only at our option on or after October 29, 2018 at their principal amounts together with any accrued, unpaid or deferred coupon interest payments. After October 29, 2018, the coupon rate will be reset every five calendar years to a rate of interest of expressed as a percentage per annum equal to the sum of (a) the initial spread of 5.312 per cent, (b) the U.S. Treasury Rate, and (c) a margin of 5.00 per cent per annum. While any coupon interest payments are unpaid or deferred, we, Chalco Hong Kong, and the Issuer shall not, subject to certain exceptions, declare or pay any discretionary dividends or make distributions or similar discretionary payments in respect of, or at its discretion repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire for any consideration any of its securities of lower or equal rank.

   
 

On April 10, 2014, the Issuer issued US$400 million senior perpetual securities at an initial interest rate of 6.25% ("2014 Senior Perpetual Securities"). The proceeds from issuance of 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities after deduction of issuance costs is RMB2,461.8 million. The proceeds will be on-lent to us and any of our subsidiaries for general corporate use. Coupon payments of 6.25% per annum on the 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities are paid semi-annually on April 29 and October 29 in arrears from April 17, 2014 and may be deferred at the discretion of the Group. The first coupon payment date was April 29, 2014. The 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities have no fixed maturity and are callable only at our option on or after April 17, 2017 at their principal amounts together with any accrued, unpaid or deferred coupon interest payments. After April 17, 2017, the coupon rate will be reset to a percentage per annum equal to the sum of (a) the initial spread of 5.423 per cent, (b) the U. S. Treasury Rate, and (c) a margin of 5.00 per cent. per annum. While any coupon interest payments are unpaid or deferred, we, the subsidiary guarantors and the Issuer cannot declare or pay dividends or make distributions or similar discretionary payments in respect of, or repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities of lower or equal rank.

   
 

Restriction on Cash Dividends

   
 

Our PRC subsidiaries are required to set aside a certain amount of their retained profits each year, if any, to fund certain statutory reserves and these reserves may not be distributed as cash dividends. In addition, when our subsidiaries incur debts on their own behalf, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Our directors are of the view that we will continue to be able to meet our borrowing payment obligations as they fall due from cash generated from our operating activities.

   
 

Capital Expenditures and Capital Commitments

   
 

The following table sets forth our capital expenditures by operating segment for continuing operations and discontinued operation for the years ended 2012, 2013 and 2014, and the capital expenditures of each segment as a percentage of our total capital expenditures for the periods indicated:

   
   

Year Ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   







 

Continuing operations

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB$

%

         

(in millions, except percentage)

               
 

Alumina

4,243.3

44.1

4,217.7

42.6

3,518.0

41.8

 

Primary aluminium

4,604.8

47.8

3,316.5

33.5

2,323.1

27.6

 

Trading

48.5

0.5

46.3

0.5

119.0

1.4

 

Energy

90.0

0.9

2,059.9

20.8

2,373.9

28.2

 

Corporate and others

180.8

1.9

130.6

1.3

82.0

1.0

 

Discontinued operation

458.8

4.8

135.3

1.3

-

-

   







               
 

Total

9,626.2

100.0

9,906.3

100.0

8,416.0

100.0

   







               

90

 


 

 

In 2014, we spent approximately RMB7,748 million of our capital expenditures primarily in construction of mining areas, capacity expansion and technology upgrading, energy saving and consumption reduction, enviromental governance, resources acquisition and technological research and development.

   
 

Our capital expansion plan for 2015 requires a total of approximately RMB9.8 billion in capital expenditures for construction of mining areas, capacity expansion and technology upgrading, which will be spent in Sanmenxia mining project, Wangwa mining project, Mao Chang mining project and Qingzhen aluminua project, among others.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our capital commitment for investment in property, plant and equipment amounted to RMB46,982.4 million, of which those contracted but not provided for amounted to RMB12,624.0 million and those authorized but not contracted for amounted to RMB34,358.4 million.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our commitment under operating leases amounted to RMB19,144.0 million, of which amount payable within one year was RMB 556.7 million, amount payable from one to five years was RMB2,310.4 million and amount payable after five years was RMB16,276.9 million.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, our commitments to make capital contribution to our associates and joint ventures amounted to RMB1,177 million, comprised of the capital contributions of RMB753 million to Guangxi Huazheng Aluminum Co., Ltd., RMB320 million to Huaneng Ningxia Energy Co., Ltd., RMB75 million to Guizhou Chalco Hengtaihe Mining Co., Ltd. and RMB29 million to Shanxi Chalco Taiyue New Materials Co., Ltd., respectively.

   
 

We expect to use primarily operating cash flow in meeting such commitments with the shortfall to be satisfied by proceeds of bank loans, short-term and long-term bonds and medium-term notes.

   

C.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

   
 

Our department of science and technology management coordinates the research and development efforts undertaken at our Research Institute and technology centers at our plants. The Research Institute, the only organization in China dedicated to aluminum smelting research, is responsible for the research and development of technologies for our operations. The technology centers at our plants focus on providing engineering solutions and applying our developed technologies. Each of the plants also conducts operational testing and pilot experimentation relating to various research and development topics. Although we collaborate with universities and other research institutions in China on some of our projects, we generally do not outsource our research and development.

   
 

Our total expenditure for research and development for continuing operations was approximately RMB184.7 million, RMB193.6 million and RMB293.8 million for 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

   

91

 


 

D.

TREND INFORMATION

   
 

Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events for the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our revenue, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that caused the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future operating results or financial conditions.

   

E.

OFF-BALANCE-SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

   
 

There are no material off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

   

F.

TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

   
 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commercial commitments for the periods indicated as of December 31, 2014:

   

   

Payment due by period

   


   

Total

Within 1 year

1 to 2 years

2 to 5 years

Thereafter

   






   

(RMB in millions)

             
 

Finance lease payable, including current portion

1,673.1

318.1

444.1

910.9

-

 

Long-term bank and other loans,
    including current portion

31,946.3

6,572.9

3,331.1

11,784.1

10,258.3

 

Long-term bonds

2,000.0

-

-

2,000.0

-

 

Medium-term notes and bonds,
    including current portion

20,300.0

4,000.0

6,900.0

9,400.0

-

 

Short-term bonds

23,000.0

23,000.0

-

-

-

 

Short-term bank and other loans

40,792.7

40,792.7

-

-

-

 

Interest payables for borrowings

12,383.5

5,783.1

2,516.3

3,488.0

596.1

 

Financial liabilities at fair value

         
 

    through profit or loss

29.4

29.4

-

-

-

 

Financial liabilities included in other current

     

-

 
 

    payables and accrued liabilities

8,277.7

8,277.7

-

-

-

 

Financial liabilities included in other

         
 

    non-current liabilities

1,170.2

-

229.7

581.3

359.2

 

Trade and notes payables

15,748.4

15,748.4

-

-

-

 

Operating leases

19,144.0

556.7

580.6

1,729.8

16,276.9

   






             
 

Subtotal

176,465.3

105,079.0

14,001.8

29,894.1

27,490.5

   






             
 

Capital commitments

12,624.0

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

 

Commitments for capital contribution

1,177.1

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

   


       
             
 

Total

190,266.4

       
   


       
             

G.

Safe Harbor

   
 

See "Forward-Looking Statements" at the beginning of this annual report.

   

92

 


 

ITEM 6.

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

A.

DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

   
 

Directors

   
 

The fifth session of our Board currently consists of nine directors, including four executive directors, two non-executive director and two independent non-executive directors. In accordance with our Articles of Association, our affairs are managed by our Board. The business address of each of our directors is No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100082.

   
 

We follow our home country practice in relation to the composition of our Board in reliance on the exemption provided under Section 303A.00 of the NYSE Corporate Governance Rules available to foreign private issuers. Our home country practice does not require a majority of directors of a listed company to be independent directors. As such, the majority of our directors are not independent within the meaning of NYSE Corporate Governance Rules.

   
 

The table and discussion below set forth information concerning our directors who served on our Board during the year ended December 31, 2014 and up to date of this Annual Report.

   

 

Name

Age

Positions with the Company

 




       
 

Executive Directors

   
 

Ge Honglin(1)

58

Director and Chairman of the Board

 

Xiong Weiping(1)

58

Director and Chairman of the Board (resigned)

 

Luo Jianchuan

51

Director and President

 

Liu Xiangmin

52

Director and Senior Vice President

 

Jiang Yinggang

51

Director and Vice President

 

Non-executive Directors

   
 

Liu Caiming(2)

52

Non-executive Director

 

Wang Jun

49

Non-executive Director

 

Sun Zhaoxue(3)

52

Non-executive Director and
    Vice Chairman of the Board (resigned)

 

Independent Non-executive Directors

   
 

Wu Jianchang (4)

75

Independent Director (resigned)

 

Ma Si-hang, Frederick

63

Independent Director

 

Wu Zhenfang(5)

63

Independent Director (resigned)

 

Chen Lijie(6)

60

Independent Director

       

 


 
     

 

(1)

On December 18, 2014, Mr. Xiong Weiping resigned as Chairman of the Board and executive director due to job re-designation. On February 26, 2015, Mr. Ge Honglin was elected as the Chairman of the Board and executive director.

     
 

(2)

On March 18, 2014, Mr. Liu Caiming resigned as a non-executive director and on February 26, 2015, he was re-elected as a non-executive director.

     
 

(3)

At our 2013 annual general meeting on June 27, 2014, Mr. Sun Zhaoxue was elected as a non-executive director at the fifth session of the Board. Due to investigation by the competent authorities, Mr. Sun Zhaoxue resigned from the positions of non-executive director and vice chairman of the Board, with effect from September 16, 2014.

     
 

(4)

On June 27, 2014, Mr. Wu Jianchang resigned as an independent non-executive director due to his age, with effect from February 26, 2015.

     
 

(5)

Mr. Wu Zhenfang was subject to an investigation by the competent authority on April 2, 2015. Mr. Wu Zhengfang promptly resigned from the position as independent non-executive director and member of the audit committee, member of the nomination committee, chairman of the remuneration committee and member of the developing and planning committee of the Board on April 2, 2015.

     
 

(6)

On February 26, 2015, Ms. Chen Lijie was elected as an independent non-executive director.

     

93

 


 
 

Executive Directors

   
 

Ge Honglin, aged 58, serves as the chairman and executive director of the Board and chairman of the nomination committee of the Board. Mr. Ge has been serving as chairman of the Board since February 26, 2015. Mr. Ge graduated from University of Science & Technology Beijing majoring in metal materials and heat treatment (being engaged in doctoral dissertation research in University of Windsor of Canada from 1987 to 1989) and obtained a doctoral degree in engineering. He is a professor level senior engineer and has more than 20 years of experience in metallurgic industry. Mr. Ge has conducted thorough research on fields such as metal materials, corporate governance and city affairs. He has acquired extensive theoretical knowledge and governmental and corporate working experience. He worked at Shanghai Steel Research Institute and served as vice director of research office, division chief of science research, assistant director and vice director. He acted as vice manager (temporary post) of Shanghai 5th Steel Factory, director and vice president of Shanghai Metallurgical Holding (Group) Company, chairman of the board of Shanghai No. 5 Steel Group Company, director, vice general manager of Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation, director and officer of the technology centre of Shanghai Baogang Research Institute and director of Group Planning Division, Chairman of the board of Shanghai No. 5 Steel Group Company and vice Mayor, acting Mayor and Mayor of Chengdu Municipal People's Government and chairman of Chinalco.

   
 

Luo Jianchuan, aged 51, serves as an executive director on our Board and our president. He has been employed by us since 2001. Mr. Luo graduated from Kunming University of Science and Technology in 1985, majoring in mining, holds a doctorate degree from Central South University and is a professor-grade senior engineer. He has long engaged in corporate management of non-ferrous metals and thus has extensive professional experience and strong management skills in those fields. Mr. Luo formerly served as an engineer of the Lead and Zinc Bureau of China Non-ferrousn Metals Industry Corporation, the manager of Haikou Nanxin Industry & Commerce Corporation, assistant to the general manager of Jinpeng Mining Development Corporation, deputy general manager and general manager of Beijing Xinquan Tech-trading Corporation, assistant to the general manager of China Non-Ferrous Metals Industry Trading Group Corporation, deputy chief of the Trading Division of China Copper, Lead & Zinc Group Corporation, general manager of China Aluminum International Trading Corporation Limited, and formerly served as the general manager of the Operations and Sales Division, vice president and senior vice president of us.

   
 

Liu Xiangmin, aged 52, serves an executive director on our Board and our senior vice president. He has been employed by us since 2001. Mr. Liu graduated from Central South University of Industry in 1982, majoring in non-ferrous metallurgy; he has a doctorate degree from Central South University and is a professor-grade senior engineer. He has long engaged in non-ferrous metal metallurgy and corporate management and has accumulated extensive and professional experience. Mr. Liu had previously served as the deputy head and head of the Alumina branch of Zhongzhou Aluminum Plant, deputy head of Zhongzhou Aluminum Plant, general manager of our Zhongzhou Branch and our vice president.

   
 

Jiang Yinggang, aged 51, has served as an executive director on our Board and has been our vice president since 2007. He has been employed by us since 2001. On June 27, 2013, Mr. Jiang was elected as an executive director on our Board. Graduated in 1983 from Central South University of Industry majoring in the metallurgy of nonferrous metals, Mr. Jiang holds a master degree in metallurgy engineering of non-ferrous metals and is a professor-grade senior engineer. He has long engaged in production operation and corporate management of production enterprises and has extensive professional experience. He formerly served as deputy head and then head of Corporate Management Department of Qinghai Aluminum Plant; head of Qinghai Aluminum Smelter; deputy general manager and general manager of Qinghai Aluminum Company Limited, and general manager of our Qinghai branch.

   

94

 


 
 

Non-Executive Directors

   
 

Liu Caiming, aged 52, serves as a non-executive Director on our Board. He has been employed by us since 2011. He resigned in 2014 and was re-appointed in 2015. He graduated from Fudan University majoring in political economics and obtained a doctoral degree in Economics. He is a senior accountant and engaged in the financial and accounting industry for more than 30 years. Mr. Liu has extensive experience in corporate management and financial management. He had subsequently served as deputy head and head of the Finance Department of China Non-ferrous Metals Foreign-Engineering Corporation, deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Metals Construction Group Limited, deputy general manager of China Nonferrous Construction Group Limited, director and deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd., and deputy general manager of China Nonferrous Metal Mining and Construction (Group) Co., Ltd. Mr. Liu has also acted as titular deputy head of Department of Finance of Yunnan Province, director of SASAC of Yunnan Provincial People's Government and assistant to the governor of Yunnan Province and director of SASAC Yunnan. From January 2007 to February 2011, Mr. Liu acted as deputy general manager of Chinalco, during which he acted as chairman of Yunnan Copper Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., and president of China Copper Co., Ltd. He acted as our senior vice president and chief financial officer of since February 23, 2011 and as our executive director of since May 31, 2011. Mr. Liu resigned as our executive director, chief financial officer and senior vice president and was re-designated as non-executive Director on March 8, 2013. He resigned as our non-executive director on March 18, 2014 and was re-appointed as non-executive director on our Board on February 26, 2015.

   
 

Wang Jun, aged 49, has been serving as a non-executive director on our Board since June 27, 2013. Mr. Wang graduated from Huazhong Institute of Engineering with a degree of industrial and civil construction. He has extensive experience in financial and corporate management. Mr. Wang formerly served as engineer in the engineering department of Babcock & Wilcox Beijing Company Ltd.; deputy manager of the real estate development department of China Yanxing Company; senior deputy manager of equity management department and senior manager of business management department, senior manager, deputy general manager, general manager of custody and settlement department in China Cinda Asset Management Co., Ltd and general manager of the equity management department of China Cinda Asset Management Co. Ltd. Mr. Wang currently serves as the business director of China Cinda Asset Management Co., Ltd.

   
 

Independent Non-Executive Directors

   
 

Ma Si-hang, Frederick, aged 63, has been serving as an independent non-executive director on our Board and the chairman of the audit committee of the Board since June 27, 2013. Mr. Ma graduated from University of Hong Kong with a bachelor's degree in Arts. He served as head of Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in 2002, head of Commerce and Economics Development Bureau in 2007 and resigned in July 2008. He also previously served as the managing director of Great Britain subsidiary of RBC Dominion Securities Inc., managing director and head of Asia Area of Private Banking Department of Chase Bank, executive president of private banking business of JPMorgan Chase & Co. in Asia Pacific, vice chairman and managing director of Kumagai Gumi (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd., chief financial officer and executive director of PCCW Company Limited, and non-executive director of MTR Corporation Ltd. Mr. Ma was awarded the Gold Bauhinia Star (GBS) by the HKSAR government in 2009, and was appointed non-official Justice of the Peace in 2010 by the HKSAR government.

   
 

Chen Lijie, aged 60, has been serving as an independent non-executive Director since February 26, 2015. Ms. Chen graduated from Renmin University of China Law School and obtained a doctoral degree in Laws. Ms. Chen Lijie has more than 30 years of experience in laws. She successively acted as director and deputy director of Commercial Affairs of the Office of Legislative Affairs of the State Council, deputy director of Department of Policies and Laws of the National Economic and Trade Commission, patrol officer of Bureau of Policies, Laws and Regulations of SASAC and chief legal consultant of China Mobile Communications Corporation.

   

95

 


 
 

Supervisors

   
 

Our supervisors are elected to represent our employees and shareholders and serve a term of three years or until the election of their respective successors, whichever is earlier. Our supervisors currently comprise Mr. Zhao Zhao, Mr. Yuan Li and Mr. Zhang Zhankui. Mr. Zhao Zhao was elected at the 2012 annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013 with a term of office expiring at the conclusion of the annual general meeting for the year 2015. Mr. Yuan Li's and Mr. Zhang Zhankui's terms of office were renewed on June 27, 2013.

   
 

The table and discussion below set forth certain information concerning our supervisors who served on our supervisory committee during the year ended December 31, 2014 and up to the date of this Annual Report.

   

 

Name

Age

Positions with the Company

 




       
 

Zhao Zhao

52

Chairman of Supervisor Committee

 

Yuan Li

56

Supervisor

 

Zhang Zhankui

56

Supervisor

       
 


 
     
 

Zhao Zhao, aged 52, has been serving as the chairman of our supervisory committee since June 27, 2013. Mr. Zhao obtained a bachelor's degree majoring in roadway engineering from Department of Civil Engineering of Nanjing Institute of Engineering and a Ph.D degree in world economics from Beijing Normal University, School of Economics and Management. Mr. Zhao is a senior political engineer. He has extensive experience in, among others, mass work among youth, supervision and discipline inspection, auditing and etc. He successively served as assistant editor and staff in People's Communication Press, full-time deputy secretary of Y.L.C (Youth League Committee) directly under Ministry of Communications, head of publicity department of Y.L.C of Central Government institutions, head of office of Youth League Working Committee of Central Government institutions, standing deputy head of Guoqing Productivity Center, deputy secretary (assistant inspector) of Youth League Working Committee of Central Government institutions, deputy head of mass work department of Central Enterprises Working Committee, deputy secretary of Central Enterprises Youth League Working Committee, deputy head of Bureau of mass work under State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, secretary of Central Enterprises Youth League Working Committee and president of Central Enterprises Youth Union.

   
 

Yuan Li, aged 56, serves as our employee representative supervisor and a general manager of our corporate culture department. Mr. Yuan has been employed by us since 2001 and has extensive administrative and management experience. He had formerly served as the manager of the General Management Office, deputy head of the office and head of Department of Research and Investigation of China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Corporation head of the Secretariat and an assistant inspector of the State Bureau of Non-ferrous Metals Industry; and deputy head of the Department of Political and Labour Affairs and Head of the Political Party Department of Chinalco.

   
 

Zhang Zhankui, aged 56, is the head of the finance department of Chinalco and has served as our supervisor since 2006. Mr. Zhang is a postgraduate researcher in economic management and a senior accountant. Mr. Zhang had formerly served as head of the finance division and then the audit division of China General Design Institute for Non-ferrous Metals, the deputy general manager of Beijing Enfei Tech-industry Group, the head of the accounting division of the finance department and the deputy head of the finance department of China Copper Lead & Zinc Group Corporation, the officer-in-charge of asset and finance at our listing office and the head of the capital division of our finance department and the manager of the general division of our finance department and the deputy head of the finance department of Chinalco.

   

96

 


 

 

Senior Management

   
 

The table and discussion below set forth certain information concerning other member of senior management during the year ended December 31, 2014 and up to the date of this Annual Report.

   

 

Name

Age

Positions with the Company

 




       
 

Qiao Guiling

46

Vice President

 

Xie Weizhi

50

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 

Xu Bo

50

Vice President and Secretary to the Board

       
 


 
     
 

Qiao Guiling, aged 46, serves as our vice president since 2011. Ms. Qiao holds a master's degree in engineering from Jiaozuo Mining Institute where she studied mechanical engineering. Ms.Qiao is a senior engineer with extensive experience in management. Ms. Qiao has served as the deputy director of Jiaozuo City Cryolite Factory, deputy director of the Economic and Trade Commission of Jiaozuo City Zhongzhan District, general manager of Zhongzhan Taishun Co., Ltd., factory director of a Kaolinite plant in Jiaozuo City, general manager of Henan Zhongzhou Holding Group Co., Ltd., vice mayor of the People's Government of Wen County, chairman and general manager of Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum Manufacturing Co., Ltd., chairman of Jiaozuo Wanfang Group Co., Ltd. and the general manager of our Henan Branch.

   
 

Xie Weizhi, aged 50, has served as our vice president and chief financial officer since March 8, 2013. Mr. Xie is a senior accountant, graduated from the Guanghua School of Management, Peking University with a master's degree in business administration. Mr. Xie joined Chinalco in February 2011. He previously served as the deputy chief and chief of the accounting division of the finance department and the deputy manager of the finance department of China Offshore Oil Nanhai West Corporation, deputy general manager and general manager of the finance department, and general manager of the treasury department of China National Offshore Oil Corporation, general manager of CNOOC Finance Corporation Limited, and the president of China National Association of Finance Companies. Mr. Xie has been engaged in financial management of large state-owned enterprises for many years and has substantial experience in finance and business management.

   
 

Xu Bo, aged 50, vice president of the Company and the secretary to the Board, serving the Company since March 2011. Mr. Xu graduated from North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, majoring in hydraulic structure engineering, and obtained a master's degree in engineering. He also obtained a Ph.D. degree in economics from Renmin University of China. He is a senior engineer. Mr. Xu has extensive experience in mergers and acquisitions, capital operation, corporation management, and enjoys a high reputation in energy sectors such as coal and electric power. He formerly served as deputy head of hydropower and operations department and office manager of Power and Machinery Bureau; general manager and assistant to the head of the bureau in Steel Structure Department of China Huadian Power Station Equipment Engineering Group Corporation; deputy general manager of China Huadian Power Station Equipment Engineering Group Corporation, standing deputy general manager and general manager of China Huadian Engineering Co., Ltd.; deputy general manager of Huadian Coal Industry Group Company Limited; head of China Huadian Corporation Shaanxi Office; general manager of China Huadian Corporation Shaanxi Branch; executive director and general manager of Huadian Shaanxi Energy Company, the assistant to the president of the Company and executive-director and general manager of Chalco Energy Co., Ltd.

   

97

 


 

B.

COMPENSATION

   
 

Executive Compensation

   
 

Executive directors are entitled to a director's fee, performance bonuses and welfare benefits provided under the relevant PRC laws and regulations. Non-executive directors are entitled only to a director's fees. The aggregate amount of cash compensation paid by us to our directors in 2014 for services performed in connection with their respective capacities above was approximately RMB3.0 million. The aggregate amount of cash compensation paid by us to our senior management who are not members of our Board in 2014 was approximately RMB1.7 million, respectively. Our executive directors and supervisors who are employees also receive compensation in the form of housing allowances, other allowances and benefits and contributions to their pension plans. Directors receive fees for their services. None of the service contracts of our directors provide benefits to our directors upon their termination.

   
 

Details of the emoluments paid to our directors and supervisors during the year ended December 31, 2014 are as follows:

   

 

Name of Directors and Supervisors

Fees

Salary

Bonus

Pension

Total

   






   

RMB('000)

RMB('000)

RMB('000)

RMB('000)

RMB('000)

             
 

Executive Directors

         
 

Xiong Weiping

-

606.0

-

63.0

669.0

 

Luo Jianchuan

-

528.0

-

63.0

591.0

 

Liu Xiangmin

-

515.0

-

63.0

578.0

 

Jiang Yinggang

-

491.0

-

63.0

554.0

             
 

Non-Executive Directors

         
 

Liu Caiming

-

-

-

-

-

 

Wang Jun

150.0

-

-

-

150.0

 

Sun Zhaoxue

-

-

-

-

-

             
 

Independent Non-Executive Directors

         
 

Wu Jianchang

94.0

-

-

-

94.0

 

Ma Si-hang, Frederick

189.0

-

-

-

189.0

 

Wu Zhenfang

189.0

-

-

-

189.0

   






             
   

622.0

2,140.0

-

252.0

3,014.0

   






             
 

Supervisors

         
 

Zhao Zhao(6)

-

-

-

-

-

 

Yuan Li

-

450.0

-

64.0

514.0

 

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   






             
   

-

450.0

-

64.0

514.0

   






             
 

Total

622.0

2,590.0

-

316.0

3,528.0

   






             

 

Senior Management Incentive System

   
 

In order to better provide incentives for our senior management and improve our shareholders' value, we adopted a special compensation system for our senior management designed to align our senior management's financial interests with our operating performance. Under this system, the senior management's compensation consists of the following components:

   

 

*

basic salaries;

     
 

*

performance bonuses;

     
 

*

welfare benefits; and

     
 

*

incentive bonuses.

     

98

 


 

C.

BOARD PRACTICES

   
 

Board of Directors

   
 

All of our directors and supervisors serve a term of three years or until such later date as their successors are elected or appointed. Directors and supervisors may serve consecutive terms. Each of our directors and supervisors has entered into a service contract with us, none of which can be terminated by us within one year without payment of compensation (other than statutory compensation). There were no arrangements providing for benefits upon termination of our directors, supervisors or other senior management personnel. One of the supervisors is an employee representative appointed by our employees and the rest are appointed by the shareholders. The following table sets forth the number of years our current directors have held their positions and the expiration of their current term.

   

 

Name

Held Position Since

Expiration of Term

 




       
 

Ge Honglin

February 26, 2015

June 2016

 

Luo Jianchuan

June 27, 2013

June 2016

 

Liu Xiangmin

June 27, 2013

June 2016

 

Jiang Yinggang

June 27, 2013

June 2016

 

Liu Caiming

February 26, 2015

June 2016

 

Wang Jun

June 27, 2013

June 2016

 

Ma Si-hang, Frederick

June 27, 2013

June 2016

 

Chen Lijie

February 26, 2015

June 2016

       

 

Audit Committee

   
 

As at the date of this Annual Report, our audit committee consists of two independent non-executive directors, namely, Mr. Ma Si-hang, Frederickand and Ms. Chen Lijie. Mr. Ma Si-hang, Frederick is chairman of the audit committee. Mr. Wu Jianchang served as a member of our audit committee before he resigned from this position on February 26, 2015. Mr. Wu Zhenfang served as a member of our audit committee before he resigned from this position on April 2, 2015 when he became subject to an investigation by the competent authority.

   
 

Due to Mr. Wu Zhenfang's resignation, the number of members of our audit committee does not satisfy the requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and NYSE Rule 303A.06 relating to audit committees, which requires that the audit committee shall comprise at least three independent non-executive directors. As the date of this Annual Report, we are in the process of identifying suitable candidate to fill the vacancy in the Board and the audit committee. The primary duties of our audit committee as set out in the committee charter are to review our annual and interim financial reports, review and approve the selection of and remuneration paid to our independent auditors, approve audit and audit-related services, approve related party transactions, supervise our internal financial reporting, including our internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures, supervise our internal and external auditors and review management policies.

   

 

Remuneration Committee

   
 

As at the date of this Annual Report, our remuneration committee consists of one independent non-executive director, Mr. Ma Si-hang, Frederick and a non-executive director, Mr. Liu Caiming. Mr. Liu Caiming served as a member of our remuneration committee before he resigned from the position as a non-executive director on March 18, 2014 and serves as a member of our remuneration committee after he was re-elected as a non-executive director on February 26, 2015. Mr. Wu Zhenfang served as the chairman of our remuneration committee before he resigned from this position on April 2, 2015.

   
 

The primary duties of our remuneration committee as set out in the committee charter include reviewing compensation policies and performance appraisals with respect to the directors and senior management. In 2014, the remuneration committee convened at one meeting, to consider and approve remuneration standards for 2014 for our directors, supervisors and other senior management members.

   
 

We follow our home country practice in relation to the composition of our remuneration committee in reliance on the exemption provided under NYSE Corporate Governance Rule 303A.00 available to foreign private issuers. Our home country practice does not require us to establish a remuneration committee which must be composed entirely of independent directors.

   

99

 


 

 

Nomination Committee

   
 

As at the date of this Annual Report, our nomination committee consists of two executive directors, namely Mr. Ge Honglin and Mr. Luo Jianchuan, and two independent non-executive directors, namely Mr. Ma Si-hang, Frederick and Ms. Chen Lijie. Mr. Ge Honglin is the chairman of the nomination committee. Mr. Xiong Weiping served as a member of our nomination committee before he resigned as executive director on December 18, 2014. Mr. Wu Jianchang served as the chairman of our nomination committee before he resigned as non-executive director on February 26, 2015. Mr. Wu Zhenfang served as a member of our nomination committee before he resigned from this position on April 2, 2015.

   
 

The primary duties of our nomination committee as set out in the committee charter include reviewing and recommending candidates for independent directors and members of the Board committees, approving the terms of the directors' service contracts and overseeing the appointment and removal of senior executives.

   
 

We follow our home country practice in relation to the composition of our nomination committee in reliance on the exemption provided under NYSE Corporate Governance Rule 303A.00 available to foreign private issuers. Our home country practice does not require us to establish a nomination committee which must be composed entirely of independent directors.

   

 

Development and Planning Committee

   
 

As at the date of this Annual Report, our development and planning committee consists of three executive directors, namely Mr. Ge Honglin, Mr. Luo Jianchuan and Mr. Jiang Yinggang. Mr. Ge Honglin is the chairman of the committee. Mr. Xiong Weiping served as the chairman of our development and planning committee before he resigned as exetutive director on December 18, 2014. Mr. Wu Jianchang served as a member of our development and planning committee before he resigned on February 26, 2015. Mr. Wu Zhenfang served as a member of our development and planning committee before he resigned from this position on April 2, 2015. In accordance with the committee charter, the committee reviews and assesses our strategic plans for development, fiscal budgeting, investment, business operations and investments returns.

   

 

Occupational Health and Safety and Environmental Committee

   
 

Our occupational health and safety and environmental committee consists of two executive directors Mr. Liu Xiangmin and Mr. Jiang Yinggang and one non-executive director, Mr. Wang Jun, with Mr. Liu Xiangmin as the chairman. This committee considers our annual planning on health, environmental protection and safety, supervises our implementation of the planning on health, environmental protection and safety initiatives, inquiries into serious incidents and inspecting and supervising over the handling of such incidents and makes recommendations to the Board on major decisions on health, environmental protection and safety.

   

 

Supervisory Committee

   
 

Our supervisory committee consists of three supervisors, with one supervisor being elected from the staff as a representative of the employees. Our shareholder representative supervisors, namely, Mr. Zhao Zhao and Mr. Zhang Zhankui, were appointed at the annual general meeting held on June 27, 2013. Mr. Zhao Zhao serves as chairman of the supervisory committee. In the election of employee representatives held in the same month, Mr. Yuan Li was re-elected as the employee representative supervisor of the fifth session of the supervisory committee. Following are the primary duties of our supervisory committee:

   

100

 


 

 

*

inspection of implementation of resolutions of the general meetings;

     
 

*

inspection of legal compliance of our operations;

     
 

*

inspection of our financial activities;

     
 

*

inspection of the utilization of proceeds raised by us;

     
 

*

inspection of the acquisitions and disposals of our assets;

     
 

*

inspection of our connected transactions; and

     
 

*

review of self-assessment report on internal control.

     

D.

EMPLOYEES

   
 

As of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, we had approximately 97,990, 90,207 and 75,749 employees, respectively. The number of our employees significantly decreased from 2013 to 2014, which was mainly due to the termination of labor relationship through negotiation, retirement and personnel reposition. The table below sets forth the number of our employees by function as of the periods indicated:

   

   

As of December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   







   

(%)

(%)

(%)

               
 

Function

           
 

Alumina production

42,382

43.3

50,970

56.5

31,456

41.53

 

Primary aluminum production

38,437

39.2

29,158

32.3

28,010

36.98

 

Aluminum fabrication(1)

6,306

6.4

-

-

-

-

 

Mining

4,018

4.1

3,698

4.1

3,106

4.1

 

Research and development

771

0.8

779

0.9

680

0.90

 

Sales and marketing

706

0.7

659

0.7

561

0.74

 

Energy

-

-

-

-

7,755

10.24

 

Management and others(2)

5,370

5.5

4,943

5.5

4,181

5.51

   







               
 

Total

97,990

100.0

90,207

100.0

75,749

100

   







               

 


 
     

 

(1)

We disposed of substantially all of our aluminum fabrication operations in June 2013.

     
 

(2)

Excluding our management personnel for alumina production, primary aluminum production and aluminum fabrication.

     

101

 


 

 

Location

Employees

% of Total

 




       
 

Shandong

9,133

12.06

 

Shandong branch

7,144

9.43

 

Shandong Huayu

1,989

2.63

 

Henan

14,425

19.04

 

Henan branch

8,207

10.84

 

Zhongzhou branch

5,538

7.31

 

Research Institute

680

0.9

 

Guizhou

7,073

9.34

 

Guizhou branch

4,945

6.53

 

Zunyi Aluminum

1,041

1.37

 

Zunyi Alumina

1,087

1.44

 

Guangxi

4,295

5.67

 

Guangxi branch

4,295

5.67

 

Shanxi

12,858

16.97

 

Shanxi branch

8,448

11.15

 

Shanxi Huasheng

1,728

2.28

 

Shanxi Huaze

1,897

2.5

 

Shanxi Huaxing

785

1.04

 

Gansu

7,352

9.71

 

Lanzhou branch

3,295

4.36

 

Gansu Hualu

1,404

1.85

 

Liancheng branch

2,653

3.5

 

Liaoning

1,565

2.07

 

Fushun Aluminum

1,565

2.07

 

Qinghai

4,167

5.5

 

Qinghai branch

4,167

5.5

 

Chongqing

1,056

1.39

 

Chongqing branch

1,056

1.39

 

Inner Mongolia

5,349

7.06

 

Baotou Aluminum

5,349

7.06

 

Ningxia

7,755

10.24

 

Ningxia Energy

7,755

10.24

 

Others (including employees of branches and subsidiaries under construction)

490

0.65

 

Headquarters

231

0.3

 

 



       
 

Total

75,749

100.0

 

 



       

 

We have workers' unions at the plant level that protect employees' rights and welfare benefits, organize educational programs, encourage employee participation in management decisions and mediate disputes between individual employees and us. All employees are union members. We have not experienced any strikes or other labor disturbances that have interfered with our operations, and we believe that we maintain good relationships with our employees.

   
 

The remuneration package of our employees includes salary, bonuses and allowances. Employees also receive welfare benefits including medical care, housing subsidies, childcare and education, retirement and other miscellaneous items.

   
 

In accordance with applicable PRC regulations, we participate in pension contribution plans organized by provincial and municipal governments, under which each of our plants is required to contribute an amount equal to a specified percentage of its employees' salaries, bonuses and various allowances. The amount of contribution as a percentage of the employees' salary is, on average, approximately 20% depending in part on the location of the plant. We have made all required pension contributions up to December 31, 2014. Retirees who retired prior to the date of the reorganization will have their pensions paid out of the pension plans established by the PRC government. We provide to our employees various social welfare benefits through various institutions owned by Chinalco and its other affiliates or through third parties.

   

102

 


 

E.

SHARE OWNERSHIP

   
 

As of the date of this annual report, none of our directors, supervisors or senior management owns any interest in any shares or options to purchase our shares.

   

ITEM 7.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

   
 

We are a joint stock limited company organized under the laws of the PRC. Our parent company, Chinalco, a state-owned enterprise, beneficially owns 41.33% of our outstanding common shares directly and indirectly through its controlled entities. Chinalco holds a significant portion of our domestic shares in the form of state legal person shares, which do not have voting rights different from our other shares. Chinalco has substantial influence over our management, policies and corporate actions and can exercise all rights as our controlling shareholder subject to the relevant laws, rules and regulations. Approximately 58.67% of our total outstanding common shares are held by public shareholders, of which 29.16% and 29.51% are owned by holders of H Shares and A Shares, respectively. The following table sets forth information regarding ownership of our issued and outstanding capital stock as of December 31, 2014. The table includes all persons who are known by us to own, either as beneficial owners or holders of record, five percent or more of any class of shares.

   

   

As of December 31, 2014

   


 

Holders of A Shares and H Shares

Number of shares
(in millions)

% of issued total
share capital(5)

% of respective
share class(6)

   




         
 

Holders of A Shares

     
 

Chinalco(1)

5,589.36(L) (3)

41.33(L)

58.34(L)

   




         
 

Holders of H Shares

     
 

Templeton Asset Management Ltd.

1,143.58(L)

8.46(L)

29.00(L)

 

BlackRock, Inc. (2)

212.20(L)

1.57(L)

5.38(L)

         
   

61.43(S) (4)

0.45(S)

1.56(S)

   




         

 


 
     

 

(1)

Including 5,214,407,195 A Shares held directly by Chinalco, 301,217,795 A Shares held by Baotou Aluminum (Group) Co., Ltd., 62,472,482 A Shares held by Lanzhou Aluminum Factory, 4,119,573 A Shares held by Guiyang Aluminum Magnesium Design and Research Institute and 7,140,254 A Shares held by Shanxi Aluminum Plant. Baotou Aluminum (Group) Co., Ltd., Lanzhou Aluminum Factory, Guiyang Aluminum Magnesium Design and Research Institute and Shanxi Aluminum Plant are controlled by Chinalco.

     
 

(2)

These interests were held directly by various corporations controlled by BlackRock, Inc.. Among the aggregate interests in the long position in H shares, 3,256,000 H shares were held as derivatives. Among the aggregate interests in the short position in H shares, 7,587,975 H shares were held as derivatives.

     
 

(3)

The letter "L" denotes a long position.

     
 

(4)

The letter "S" denotes a short position.

     
 

(5)

The number of our total issued shares is 13,524.49 million.

     
 

(6)

The total number of our A shares is 9,580.52 million and the total number of our H shares is 3,943.97 million.

     

 

We are not aware of any arrangement that may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of Chalco.

   
 

On April 24, 2007, we issued 1,236,731,739 A Shares by way of share exchange with the other shareholders of Shandong Aluminum and Lanzhou Aluminum, including a subsidiary of Chinalco, to acquire the existing issued shares not held by us. On the same date, China Orient Asset Management Corporation, a PRC state-owned financial enterprise, transferred all of its equity interest in us to Chinalco and ceased to be our shareholder. On December 28, 2007, we issued 637,880,000 A Shares to a subsidiary of Chinalco in exchange for 100% equity in Baotou Aluminum.

   
 

To the best of our knowledge, as of December 31, 2014, all of the outstanding ADSs were held by 69 United States holders of record.

   
 

As an owner of at least 30% of our issued and outstanding shares, the parent company is deemed a controlling shareholder and therefore may not exercise its voting rights with respect to various matters related to our shares in a manner prejudicial to the interests of our other shareholders. See "Item 10. Additional Information - B. Memorandum and Articles of Association." In accordance with our Articles of Association, each share of our capital stock has one vote and the shares of the same class have the same rights. Other than the foregoing restrictions, the voting rights of our major holders of domestic and H Shares are identical to those of any other holders of the same class of shares. Holders of domestic shares and H Shares are deemed to be shareholders of different classes for some matters, which may affect their respective interests. Other than the foregoing, holders of H Shares and domestic shares are entitled to the same voting rights.

   

103

 


 

B.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

   
 

Connected Transactions under Hong Kong Listing Rules

   
 

Under the Listing Rules, transactions between connected persons and us, or connected transactions, generally must be reported to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, announced to the public and/or approved by shareholders unless the foregoing requirement are waived by the Hong Kong Stock Exchange or exempted under the Listing Rules. Each year our independent non-executive directors must review our non-exempt continuing transactions and confirm that these transactions have been entered into:

   
 

(i)

in the ordinary and usual course of our business;

     
 

(ii)

the terms of the transactions are fair and reasonable as far as our shareholders are concerned;

     
 

(iii)

either on normal commercial terms or, if there are not sufficient comparable transactions to judge whether they are on normal commercial terms, on terms no less favorable to us than terms available to or from (as appropriate) independent third parties; and

     
 

(iv)

in accordance with the relevant agreement governing them on terms that are fair and reasonable and in the interests of our shareholders as a whole.

     

 

Although the definition of connected transactions is not synonymous with the definition of related party transactions, the concepts are sufficiently similar that the description of our connected transactions would satisfy disclosure requirements under U.S. securities laws.

   
 

The following table sets forth the details of our material connected transaction for the year ended December 31, 2014:

   

 

Agreement

Nature

Term of the Agreement

Transaction
Amount in 2014

Annual Cap
for 2014

       

(RMB in millions)

(RMB in millions)

 






           
 

Continuing Connected Transactions

       
           
 

Comprehensive Social and Logistics Services Agreement (Counterparty: Chinalco)

Chinalco provides us with a broad range of social and logistics services including education and schooling, public transportation and property management.

The original agreement was entered on November 5, 2001 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

313

550

           
 

General Agreement on Mutual Provision of Production Supplies and Ancillary Services (Counterparty: Chinalco)

We purchase from Chinalco ancillary production supplies and services which include, among other things, various raw materials required in alumina and primary aluminum production, transportation and loading services and production supporting services.

The original agreement was entered on November 5, 2001 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

3,314

4,000

           
   

Chinalco purchases from us alumina, primary aluminum, scrap materials, pitch and other similar supplies and supporting services and ancillary services such as electricity supply, gas, heat and water, repair, measurement, quality testing, spare parts, production transportation, steam and other similar services.

 

6,586

7,500

           
  Xinan Aluminum Mutual Provision of Products and Services Framework Agreement (Counterparty: Xinan
Aluminum)*

We purchase from Xinan Aluminum products and services including among other things, aluminum fabrication products, equipment, water, electricity and gas, maintenance and repair services, unloading, transportation and storage services.

The original agreement was entered on October 20, 2008 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

-

7,600

           
   

Xinan Aluminum purchases from us products including among other things, aluminum alloy sheets or rolls, aluminum fabrication scraps and primary aluminum and aluminum alloy ingots.

 

845

7,500

           

104

 


 

 

Mineral Supply Agreement (Counterparty: Chinalco)

Chinalco provides us with bauxite and limestone from several mines that it operates. Chinalco must not provide bauxite and limestone to any third parties before meeting our bauxite and limestone requirements.

The original agreement was entered on November 5, 2001 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

111

330

 

Provision of Engineering, Construction and Supervisory Services Agreement (Counterparty: Chinalco)

Chinalco provides us with certain engineering, construction and supervisory services at the state guidance price and, where there is no state guidance price, at market price. Such services are mainly provided by subsidiaries of Chinalco including China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited.

The original agreement was entered on November 5, 2001 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

988

13,000

           
 

Land Use Rights Leasing Agreement (Counterparty: Chinalco)

Chinalco leases 470 parcels of land covering an aggregate area of approximately 61.2 million square meters and spanning across eight provinces in the PRC to us.

The original agreement was entered on November 5, 2001 for a term of 50 years, expiring on June 30, 2051.

507

1,100

           
 

Buildings and Office Buildings Leases Agreements (Counterparty: Chinalco)

We lease 59 buildings with an aggregate gross floor area of 62,189 square meters to Chinalco. Chinalco leases 100 buildings with an aggregate gross floor area of 273,637 square meters to us.

The original agreement was entered on November 5, 2001 for a term of 20 years, expiring on June 30, 2020

55

110

           
   

China Aluminum Development Company Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, leases to us an office building with an area of 23,551.43 square meters located at Xizhimen, Beijing, as our headquarters.

The original agreement was entered on October 15, 2011 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

   
           
  Framework Agreement for Aluminum Products Fabrication Services
(Counterparty: Chinalco)*

Shandong Aluminum Company and Qinghai Aluminum Company, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Chinalco, provide alumina fabrication and production services to us.

The original agreement was entered on February 28, 2011 and expired on December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from January 1, 2013 for a term of three years.

76

330

           
 

Financial Services Agreement
(Counterparty: Chinalco Finance)

Chinalco Finance has agreed to provide us with deposit services, credit services and miscellaneous financial services. We have the right to choose the financial institution for financial services and the financial institution for deposit services and loan services as well as the amounts of loans and deposits with reference to our own needs. Chinalco Finance undertakes that the terms for the provision of financial services to us at any time would be no less favorable than those of the same type of financial services provided by Chinalco Finance to Chinalco and other subsidiaries of Chinalco or those of the same type of financial services that may be provided to us by other financial institutions.

The original agreement was entered on August 26, 2011 and expired on August 25, 2012. Pursuant to the supplementary agreement entered into in 2012, the term was renewed from August 26, 2012 for a term of three years, expiring on August 25, 2015.

4,890 (largest amount of daily deposit balance during the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014) 1 (other financial services fees for the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014)

5,000 (daily cap of deposit balance during the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014) 50 (other financial services fees for the period from January 1, 2014to December 31, 2014)

           
 

 

 

 



           
 

Note:

   
 

* On June 9, 2013, we entered into an equity interest transfer agreement with Chinalco, pursuant to which we intended to transfer the equity interest held by us in eight enterprises engaged in aluminum fabrication to Chinalco. Those aluminum fabrication enterprises ceased to be consolidated into our financial statements on June 27, 2013. Certain aluminum fabrication enterprises mentioned above were actual transaction parties under Xinan Aluminum Mutual Provision of Products and Services Framework Agreement and Framework Agreement for Aluminum Products Fabrication Services, and conducted continuing related party transactions with Chinalco in the capacity of our members under the above framework agreements during the period from January 1, 2013 to June 27, 2013. Since June 27, 2013, these aluminum enterprises have not been our members and have not entered into any transactions with Chinalco pursuant to the above framework agreements.

   

105

 


 

 

All transactions with related parties are conducted at prices and terms mutually agreed by the parties involved, which are determined as follows:

   

 

(a)

Sales of materials and finished goods comprised sales of alumina, primary aluminum, copper and scrap materials. Transactions entered are covered by general agreements on mutual provision of production supplies and ancillary services. The pricing policy is summarized below:

     

   

(1)

The price prescribed by the PRC government ("State-prescribed price") is adopted;

       
   

(2)

If there is no State-prescribed price, state-guidance price is adopted;

       
   

(3)

If there is neither State-prescribed price nor state-guidance price, then market price (being price charged to and from independent third parties) is adopted; and

       
   

(4)

If none of the above is available, then adoption of a contractual price.

       

 

(b)

Utility services, including electricity, gas, heat and water, are supplied at Stated-prescribed price.

     
 

(c)

Engineering, project construction and supervisory services were provided for our construction projects. The state-guidance price or prevailing market price is adopted for pricing purpose.

     
 

(d)

The pricing policy for purchases of key and auxiliary materials (including bauxite, limestone, carbon, cement and coal) is: For the supplies of bauxite and limestone from Chinalco's own mining operations, at reasonable costs incurred in providing the same, plus not more than 5% of such reasonable costs (a buffer for surges in the price level and labor costs); and for the supplies of bauxite and limestone from jointly operated mines, at contractual price paid by Chinalco to such third parties.

     
 

(e)

The pricing policy of the comprehensive social and logistics services agreement between us and Chinalco is the same as that set out in (a) above.

     
 

(f)

Pursuant to the land use rights lease agreements entered into between the us and Chinalco Group, operating leases for industrial or commercial land are charged at a rate not higher than prevailing market rent as confirmed by an independent valuer, and shall be reviewed every three years. We also entered into building rental agreement with Chinalco Group and pay rent for our lease of buildings owned by Chinalco, the rent is not higher than prevailing market rent as confirmed by an independent valuer, and shall be reviewed every two years.

     
 

(g)

The pricing policy for products processing service is the same as that set out in (a) above.

     
 

(h)

The terms for the financial services agreement provision between Chinalco Finance and us are no less favourable than those of the same type of financial services provided by Chinalco Finance to Chinalco and other members of its group or those of the same type of financial services that may be provided to us by other financial institutions.

     
     

106

 


 

 

During the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, our significant transactions with other state-owned enterprises (excluding Chinalco and its subsidiaries) constituted a large portion of our sales of goods and purchases of raw materials, electricity, property, plant and equipment and services. In addition, substantially all restricted cash, time deposits, cash and cash equivalents and borrowings as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 and the relevant interest earned or paid during the year are transacted with banks and other financial institutions which are controlled by the PRC government.

   
 

We provide the following additional information on material related party transactions during the periods indicated:

   

 

(a)

significant related party transactions

   

For the year ended December 31

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   




   

(RMB in thousands)

         
 

Sales of goods and services rendered:

     
 

Sales of materials and finished goods to

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

6,805,794

8,844,205

7,040,457

 

    Associates of Chinalco

53,599

102,723

170,338

 

    Joint ventures of Chinalco

-

-

142

 

    Joint ventures

30,117

52,318

48,903

 

    Associates

9,265

1,400,098

2,146,870

   




         
   

6,898,775

10,399,344

9,406,710

   




         
 

Provision of utility services to:

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

341,386

390,368

390,046

 

    Associates of Chinalco

21,420

18,233

17,750

 

    Joint Ventures

1

11,628

113

 

    Associates

-

10,014

1,977

   




         
   

362,807

430,243

409,886

   




         
 

Provision of products processing services to:

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

7,431

1,357

3,169

   




         

107

 


 

 

Purchase of goods and services:

     
 

Purchases of engineering, construction and
    supervisory services from:

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

2,321,386

1,842,045

987,706

 

    Associates of Chinalco

11,365

140

-

   




         
   

2,332,751

1,842,185

987,706

   




         
 

Purchases of key and auxiliary materials,
    equipment and finished goods from:

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

3,839,222

3,799,542

3,009,894

 

    Associates of Chinalco

17,745

254

386,609

 

    Joint ventures

976,141

1,076,867

1,268,123

 

    Associates

2,618

380,255

762,003

   




         
   

4,835,726

5,256,918

5,426,629

   




         
 

Provision of social services and logistics services by:

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

306,589

243,865

312,626

   




         
 

Provision of utilities services by:

     
 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

359,599

186,007

414,745

 

    Associates of Chinalco

9,918

-

-

 

    Joint Ventures

-

27

-

   




         
   

369,517

186,034

414,745

   




         
 

Provision of products processing services
    by Chinalco and its subsidiaries

142,244

64,377

76,075

   




         
 

Rental expenses for buildings and land use
    rights charged by Chinalco and its subsidiaries

696,874

600,892

561,528

   




         
 

Other significant related party transactions:

     
         
 

Acquisition of assets from a subsidiary of Chinalco

145,915

-

-

   




         
 

Borrowing from a subsidiary of Chinalco

2,350,000

1,000,000

1,429,000

   




         
 

Interest expense on borrowing from a subsidiary of Chinalco

54,541

40,922

38,772

   




         
 

Entrusted Loan from a subsidiary of Chinalco

-

70,000

70,000

   




         
 

Entrusted loan and other borrowings to:

     
 

    Joint ventures

258,900

726,235

764,000

 

    An associate

200,000

26,106

-

 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

126,604

393,000

-

   




         
   

585,504

1,145,341

764,000

   




         
 

Interest income on entrusted loan and other borrowings to:

     
 

    Joint ventures

51,106

69,462

60,459

 

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

2,327

34,923

2,027

 

    An associate

-

2,518

88

   




         
   

53,433

106,903

62,574

   




         

108

 


 

 

Disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment and
    transferred loan to Chinalco and its subsidiaries

-

10,614,600

-

   




         
 

Interest income from the unpaid disposal proceeds
    from Chinalco and its subsidiaries

-

250,124

542,811

   




         
 

Disposal of investments in a joint venture and an associate to Chinalco

-

264,474

-

   




         
 

Disposal of a subsidiary to
    a subsidiary of Chinalco

-

12,953,368

-

   




         
 

Disposal of assets under a sale and leaseback contract
    to a subsidiary of Chinalco

-

-

300,000

   




         
 

Finance lease under a sale and leaseback contract
    from a subsidiary of Chinalco

-

-

304,239

   




         
 

Provision of financial guarantees to:

     
 

    Joint ventures

124,900

381,800

345,760

 

    An associate

-

-

23,710

   




         
   

124,900

381,800

369,470

   




         
 

Financial guarantees provided by

     
 

    Subsidiaries of Chinalco

42,470

20,000

138,000

   




         
 

Discounted notes receivables to a subsidiary of Chinalco

1,769,819

1,278,907

118,757

   




         

109

 


 

 

(b)

Balances with related parties

   

As of December 31,

   


   

2013

2014

   



   

(RMB in thousands)

       
 

Cash and cash equivalents deposited with

   
 

A subsidiary of Chinalco

3,481,778

4,889,705

   



       
 

Trade and notes receivables

   
 

Chinalco and its subsidiaries

1,129,159

886,532

 

Associates of Chinalco

2,514

1,922

 

Associates

3,565

229

 

Joint ventures

1,005

8,213

   



       
   

1,136,243

896,896

       
       
 

Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(124,093)

(167,799)

   



       
 

Other current assets

1,012,150

729,097

   



       
 

Chinalco and its subsidiaries

9,745,762

4,841,266

 

Associates

116,138

90,977

 

Joint ventures

1,441,699

1,310,499

   



       
   

11,303,599

6,242,742

       
 

Less: provision for impairment of other current assets

(36,208)

(54,516)

   



       
   

11,267,391

6,188,226

       
 

Other non-current assets

   
 

Chinalco and its subsidiaries

12,288,413

8,195,904

 

An associate

-

111,846

   



       
       
   

12,288,413

8,307,750

   



       
 

Borrowings

   
 

Subsidiaries of Chinalco

740,000

1,402,639

   



       
       
 

Trade and notes payables

   
 

Chinalco and its subsidiaries

285,343

429,809

 

Associates of Chinalco

538

4

 

Associates

136,760

15,520

 

Joint ventures

2,865

81,988

   



       
   

425,506

527,321

   



       
       
 

Other payables and accrued expenses

   
 

Chinalco and its subsidiaries

1,688,186

1,426,842

 

Associates of Chinalco

66,681

880

 

Joint ventures

6,597

472

 

Associates

192,247

91,207

   



       
   

1,953,711

1,519,401

   



       

 

(c)

Compensation of key management personnel

   

For the year ended December 31,

   


   

2012

2013

2014

   




   

(RMB in thousands)

         
 

Fees

732

689

622

 

Basic salaries, housing fund, other allowances and benefits in kind

4,604

5,424

4,062

 

Discretionary bonus

-

-

-

 

Pension cost-defined contribution schemes

330

319

508

   




         
   

5,666

6,432

5,192

   




 

Guarantees

   
 

We provided guarantees to our related parties to guarantee their loans during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015. The outstanding balance of the loans we guaranteed was RMB369.5 million as of February 28, 2015 and the largest amount outstanding of the loans we guaranteed during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015 was RMB405.5 million. The interest rates on such loans are from 6.55% to 6.765%.

   
 

Our related parties also provided guarantees to us to guarantee our loans during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015. The outstanding balance of the loans guaranteed by our related parties was RMB138 million as of February 28, 2015 and the largest amount outstanding of the loans guaranteed by our related parties during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015 was RMB142 million. The interest rates on such loans are from 3.55% to 6.3%.

   

110

 


 

 

Loans

   
 

We provided several entrusted loans to our related parties mainly for the purpose of supplementing working capital during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015. The outstanding balance of such entrusted loans was mainly RMB786 million as of February 28, 2015 and the largest amount outstanding of the entrusted loans during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015 was RMB200 million. The interest rates on such entrusted loans range from 6% to 10%.

   
 

Our related party also provided several loans to us mainly for the purpose of supplementing working capital during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015. The outstanding balance of such loans was RMB1.8 billion as of February 28, 2015 and the largest amount outstanding of the loans during the period from January 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015 was RMB500 million. The interest rates on such loans range from 5.32% to 9.2%.

   

C.

INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

   
 

Not applicable.

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   

A.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   
 

We have appended our consolidated financial statements filed as part of this annual report on Form 20-F.

   
 

Legal Proceedings

   
 

We are not currently a party to any pending legal proceedings which are expected to have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations, nor are we aware of any proceedings that are pending or threatened which may have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations. We may from time to time become a party to various legal or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business.

   
 

Dividend Policy

   
 

Our Board declares dividends, if any, in Renminbi with respect to H Shares on a per share basis and pays such dividends in HK dollars. Any final dividend for a fiscal year is subject to shareholders' approval. The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, converts the HK dollar dividend payments and distributes them to holders of ADSs in U.S. dollars, less expenses of conversion. Under the Company Law of the PRC and our Articles of Association, all of our shareholders have equal rights to dividends and distributions. The holders of the H Shares share proportionately on a per share basis in all dividends and other distributions declared by our Board.

   
 

We believe that our dividend policy strikes a balance between two important goals providing our shareholders with a competitive return on investment and assuring sufficient reinvestment of profits to enable us to achieve our strategic objectives. The declaration of dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board, which takes into account the following factors:

 

*

our financial results;

     
 

*

capital requirements;

     
 

*

contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends by us to our shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us;

     
 

*

our shareholders' interests;

     
 

*

the effect on our creditworthiness;

     

111

 


 

 

*

general business conditions; and

     
 

*

other factors our Board may deem relevant.

 

Pursuant to PRC laws and regulations, dividends may only be distributed after allowance has been made for: (1) recovery of losses, if any and (2) allocations to the statutory surplus reserve. The allocations to the statutory surplus reserve is 10% of our net profit determined in accordance with PRC Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Our distributable profits for the current fiscal year will be equal to our net profits determined in accordance with IFRSs, less allocations to the statutory surplus reserve. See "Item 10. Additional Information - E. Taxation" for a discussion of the tax consequences of receipt of dividends.

   

B.

SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

   
 

Except as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we have not experienced any significant changes since the date of our audited consolidated financial statements which is included in this annual report.

   

ITEM 9.

THE OFFER AND LISTING

   

 

The Shanghai Stock Exchange is the principal trading market for our A Shares, and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange is the principal trading market for our H Shares. The ADSs have been issued by the Bank of New York Mellon, acting as depositary bank, and are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ACH" with each ADS representing 25 H Shares.

   
 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low market prices for our shares on the New York Stock Exchange, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange:

   

   

NYSE

Hong Kong Stock Exchange

Shanghai Stock Exchange

   




 

Calendar Period

High

Low

High

Low

High

Low

   







   

(US$ per ADS)

(HK$ per H Share)

(RMB per A Share)

   

(%)

(%)

(%)

               
 

2010

34.27

18.03

10.66

5.66

15.78

8.42

 

2011

25.88

10.34

7.98

3.20

12.36

6.23

 

2012

13.88

9.22

4.45

2.86

7.89

4.55

 

2013

13.29

7.25

4.21

2.20

5.37

3.01

 

First Quarter

13.29

9.52

4.21

2.95

5.37

4.11

 

Second Quarter

10.73

7.25

3.32

2.20

4.47

3.01

 

Third Quarter

9.59

7.35

3.00

2.28

4.55

3.03

 

Fourth Quarter

9.92

8.42

3.15

2.63

4.76

3.30

 

2014

12.6

8.25

3.85

2.54

6.66

2.97

 

First Quarter

9.53

8.25

2.99

2.54

3.6

3.11

 

Second Quarter

10.31

8.62

3.23

2.64

3.5

2.97

 

Third Quarter

12.6

8.99

3.85

2.77

4.27

3.03

 

Fourth Quarter

11.8

9.73

3.73

3.1

6.66

3.46

 

September

12.09

10.06

3.8

3.12

4.14

3.56

 

October

11.23

9.73

3.46

3.1

3.98

3.46

 

November

11.71

10.5

3.53

3.23

4.36

3.82

 

December

11.8

10.36

3.73

3.18

6.66

4.26

 

2015

           
 

January

13.51

11.11

4.28

3.53

6.97

5.17

 

February

12.07

10.75

3.78

3.33

5.44

4.73

 

March

12.82

11.38

4.1

3.52

6.74

5.41

 

April (through April 2, 2015)

13.43

12.73

4.18

3.87

6.55

6.25

ITEM 10.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

   

A.

SHARE CAPITAL

   
 

Not applicable.

112

 


 

B.

MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

   
 

A copy of the English translation of our Articles of Association was filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form F-1 (Registration No. 333-14068) under the Securities Act in connection with a global offering of our H Shares and American depositary shares on December 5, 2001. We filed a copy of the English translation of our Articles of Association as of December 31, 2012 as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F filed on April 25, 2013. From January 1, 2013 to the date of this annual report, we did not make any amendment to our Articles of Association.

   
 

The following are summaries of material provisions of our Articles of Association insofar as they relate to the material terms of our shares.

   
 

Our objects and purposes

   
 

Our Articles of Association as amended from time to time are filed with the Hong Kong Companies Registrar. Our business scope can be found in Article 13 of our Articles of Association, as amended at the shareholders' general meeting held on February 28, 2011.

   
 

Directors' power to vote on matters in which he or she has an interest

   
 

Under Article 169, a director shall not vote in any resolution of the board of directors for approving any contract, transaction or arrangement in which such director or any of his associates (as defined in the applicable rules governing the listing of securities amended from time to time) is materially interested, and shall not be either counted into the quorum of the meeting. Unless the interested director has disclosed his or her interest to the board of directors in accordance with the Article 169 and the contract, transaction or arrangement has been approved by the board of directors at a meeting in which the interested director is not counted in the quorum and has refrained from voting, a contract, transaction or arrangement in which such director is materially interested is voidable at the instance of our Company except as against a bona fide party thereto acting without notice of the breach of duty by such director.

   
 

Borrowing powers

   
 

Subject to compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the PRC, we have the power to raise and borrow money which power includes (without limitation) the issuance of debentures and the charging or mortgaging of part or whole of our business or properties and other rights permitted. The Articles of Association do not contain any specific provision in respect of the manner in which borrowing powers may be exercised by the directors nor do they contain any specific provision in respect of the manner in which such powers may be varied, other than (a) provisions which give the directors the power to formulate proposals for the issuance of debentures by us; (b) Article 86(2) provides that the issuance of bond must be approved by the shareholders in a general meeting by way of a special resolution; and (c) Article 108(4) provides that the directors have the power to formulate our annual final financial budgets and final accounts which shall be passed by over half of the directors.

   
 

Age limit for retirement

   
 

There is no provision pertaining to the retirement of directors pursuant to an age limit requirement in our Articles of Association.

   
 

Directors' qualifying shares

   
 

Under Article 103, the directors are not required to hold any qualifying shares.

   

113

 


 

 

Dividend rights

   
 

Article 54(1) provides that holders of our common shares have the right to receive dividends and distribution of profits in other forms, in proportion to the number of shares held. Under Article 48, when we convoke a general shareholders' meeting, allocate dividends, liquidates or perform other activities that require the verification of equity rights, the Board or the general meeting convener must specify a date as the equity rights determination date. The shareholders registered in the shareholder roster after closing as at the equity rights determination date are the Company's shareholders entitled to appropriate rights and interests.

   
 

Voting rights

   
 

Article 54(2) provides that holders of our ordinary shares have the right to lawfully request, convene, chair, attend in person or appoint a proxy to attend and vote at general meetings of shareholders in respect of the number of shares held.

   
 

Rights to share profits

   
 

Article 60(7) provides that a plan for profit distribution and a plan for making up for losses formulated by the Board in accordance with Article 108(6) must be approved by way of the shareholders' general meeting.

   
 

Rights to share surplus in the event of liquidation

   
 

Article 54(6) provides that the shareholders have the right to participate in the distribution of our surplus assets in proportion to the number of shares held in the event of the termination or liquidation of us.

   
 

Redemption provisions; sinking fund provisions and liability to further capital calls

   
 

Article 29 provides that we may repurchase issued shares in accordance with the procedures provided in the Articles of Association and with the approvals from the relevant governing authorities of PRC under the following circumstances: (1) cancellation of shares for the purpose of reducing our capital; (2) amalgamation with other company which owns our shares; (3) granting bonus shares to our employees; (4) shareholders disagreeing with our general meeting's resolution on merger or division and requiring us to acquire the shares in their possession; (5) other purposes permitted by law and administrative regulations.

   
 

No securities issued by us are redeemable, entitled to a sinking fund or subject to liability for further capital calls.

   
 

Actions necessary to change the rights of holders of our shares or holders of a class of shares

   
 

Under Article 86(5), revision of any rights of class shareholders, e.g., rights to dividends, share profits or surplus in the event of liquidation or voting rights, requires a special resolution of the shareholders' general meeting. Under Article 79, a special resolution must be passed by votes representing more than two-thirds of the voting rights represented by the shareholders (including proxies) present at the meeting.

   
 

The rights attached to any class of shares may be varied or abrogated only with the sanction of a special resolution passed at the shareholders' general meeting and by holders of shares of the affected class passed at a separate general meeting of the class convened in accordance with the Article 97 to Article 101 respectively. The circumstances which are deemed to be a variation or abrogation of the class rights are set forth under Article 96. Except for the circumstances under Article 88 (1), (9) and (10), shareholders of the affected class, whether or not otherwise having the right to vote at shareholders' general meetings, have the right to vote at class meetings but Interested Shareholders (as defined under Article 97) are not entitled to vote at class meetings.

   

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Resolutions of a class meeting shall be passed by two-thirds or more of the shares with voting rights held by the class shareholders who, according to Article 97, are entitled to vote at that class meeting. Written notice must be given to all shareholders who are registered as holders of that class in the register of shareholders 45 days before the date of the class meeting. Such notice must contain the matters to be considered at such meeting, the date and the place of meeting. Those shareholders of the class who intend to attend send the written reply to us 20 days before the class meeting.

   
 

The proceedings of a class meetings shall be conducted as nearly as possible as that of a shareholders' general meetings. The provisions in the Articles of Association relating to the proceedings of shareholders' general meetings shall apply to class meetings.

   
 

The special procedures for approval by a class of shareholders do not apply where we issue, upon the approval by special resolution of shareholders in general meeting, either separately or concurrently once every 12 months, not more than 20% of each of our existing issued Domestic-Invested Shares and Overseas-Listed Foreign-Invested Shares (as defined under Article 18).

   
 

Provisions discriminating against any existing or prospective shareholder as a result of owning a substantial number of shares

   
 

Chinalco, as our controlling shareholder, shall not exercise its voting rights in a manner prejudicial to the interest of all or some part of the shareholders when making decision on the following matters:

   

 

*

to relieve a director or supervisor of his duty to act honestly in our best interest;

     
 

*

to approve the expropriation by a director or supervisor (for his own benefit or for the benefit of another), our assets, in any manner, including but not limited to an opportunity beneficial to us; or

     
 

*

to approve the expropriation by a director or supervisor (for his own benefit or for the benefit of another) the individual rights of other shareholders, including but not limited to rights to distributions and voting rights save and except our restructuring, submitted for approval by the shareholders in general meeting in accordance with the Articles of Association.

     

 

Conditions governing the manner in which annual general meetings and extraordinary general meetings of shareholders are convoked

   
 

Shareholders' general meetings can be held as annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings. Annual general meetings are held once a year within six months after the end of the preceding fiscal year.

   
 

The Board is required to convene an extraordinary general meeting within two months of the occurrence of any of the following circumstances:

   

 

(1)

the number of directors falls below the number required by the PRC Company Law or two-thirds of the number required by the Articles of Association;

     
 

(2)

our unrecovered losses amount to one-third of the total amount of its paid-in-capital;

     
 

(3)

upon the request of shareholder(s) holding 10 percent or more of our shares for more than ninety consecutive days (the number of shares held shall be the figures as of the date of the written request from shareholder); and

     
 

(4)

whenever the Board deems necessary or the supervisory committee proposes to convene the same.

     

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We shall, within 45 days (inclusive of date of meeting) before the date of meeting, send written notices of the shareholders' general meeting and inform all registered shareholders of the matters to be considered at the meeting and the date and venue of the meeting. Those shareholders who intend to attend the meeting shall send the written reply to the Company 20 days before the meeting.

   
 

Motions put forward at the general meeting shall be specific and shall relate to the matters to be considered at a shareholders' general meeting. Motion raised at a general meeting shall satisfy the following requirements:

   

 

(1)

be free of conflicts with the provision of laws, administrative regulations and Articles of Association, and fall within our business scope and the terms of the reference of the shareholders' general meeting;

     
 

(2)

have definite topics to discuss and specific matters to resolve; and

     
 

(3)

be submitted in writing or served to the convener.

     
 

Limitations on the rights to own securities

   
 

Under Article 18, the shares issued to domestic investors and denominated in Renminbi are Domestic-Invested Shares whereas the shares issued to overseas investors and denominated in foreign currency are Foreign-Invested Shares. Under Article 17, our Domestic-Invested Shares can be held only by PRC shareholders and our Foreign-Invested Shares, such as H Shares and ADSs can be held only by foreign shareholders and other shareholders from regions of Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

   
 

Provisions having an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control

   
 

Under Article 111, decisions in respect of market development, merger and acquisition, and investment in a new field, where the consideration to be paid or the assets to be acquired exceed 10% of our total assets, the Board is required to engage relevant professional consultants to provide professional opinions, which shall serve as the key reference for the decision of the Board concerning such investment, merger or acquisition.

   
 

Under Article 86(3), division, merger, dissolution and liquidation of us and material acquisitions and disposals by us must be approved by a special resolution at a shareholders' general meeting.

   
 

There are no provisions under the Articles of Association pertaining to the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

   
 

Conditions governing changes in registered capital

   
 

Under Article 108(7), any proposal for the increase or decrease of our registered capital must be formulated by the Board. Article 86(1) further provides that any increase or reduction in share capital requires adoption of a special resolution at a shareholders' general meeting.

   

C.

MATERIAL CONTRACTS

   
 

For the two years immediately preceding the date of this annual report, we have not entered into any additional material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business and other than those described in "Item 4. Information on the Company - History and Development of the Company" and "Item 7. - Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions - B. Related Party Transactions."

   

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D.

EXCHANGE CONTROLS

   
 

The existing foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls for transactions under the current account, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and payment of dividends. We may undertake current account foreign exchange transactions without prior approval from the SAFE by producing commercial documents evidencing such transactions, provided that they are processed through Chinese banks licensed to engage in foreign exchange transactions. The PRC government has stated publicly that it intends to make the Renminbi freely convertible in the future. However, we cannot predict whether the PRC government will continue its existing foreign exchange policy and when the PRC government will allow free conversion of Renminbi to foreign currency.

   
 

Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of the SAFE. These limitations could affect our ability to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity financing, or to obtain foreign exchange for capital expenditures.

   
 

Since 1994, the conversion of Renminbi into HK and U.S. dollars has been based on rates set by the People's Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day's PRC interbank foreign exchange market rate and current exchange rates on the world financial markets. From 1994 to July 20, 2005, the official exchange rate for the conversion of Renminbi to U.S. dollars was generally stable. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of the Renminbi to fluctuate within a regulated band based on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. Since then, the PRC government has made, and may in the future make, further adjustments to the exchange rate system. In April 2012, the PRC government took a milestone step in turning the Renminbi into a global currency by doubling the size of its trading band against the U.S. dollar, pushing through a crucial reform that further liberalizes its financial markets. The PBOC allows the Renminbi to rise or fall 1% from a mid-point every day, effective April 16, 2012, compared with its previous 0.5% limit. The PBOC further allows the Renminbi to rise or fall 2% from a mid-point every day, effective March 17, 2014. The PBOC announces the closing price of a foreign currency traded against the Renminbi in the inter-bank foreign exchange market after the closing of the market on each working day, and makes it the central parity for the trading against the Renminbi on the following working day. Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the value, translated or converted into U.S. dollars or HK dollars, of our net assets, earnings and any declared dividends. We cannot give any assurance that any future movements in the exchange rate of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies will not adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

   

E.

TAXATION

   
 

PRC Taxation

   
 

The following summary of the material PRC and United States federal income tax provisions relating to the ownership and disposition of H Shares or ADSs held by the investor as capital assets is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this annual report, all of which are subject to change, and does not constitute legal or tax advice. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our common shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws.

   
 

Dividends Paid to Individual Investors

   
 

According to the PRC Individual Income Tax Law, as amended, dividends paid by Chinese listed companies to a domestic individual are ordinarily subject toa PRC withholding tax levied at a flat rate of 20%. According to the "Circular on Issues concerning the Implementation of the Individual Income Tax Policies Pertaining to Dividend Differentiation of Listed Company" issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation (the "SAT"), the MOF and the CSRC, which becomes effective on January 1, 2013, for shares of listed company held by any person for one month or less, the full amount of dividend proceeds shall be deemed as taxable income; for shares held for more than one month but less than one year (including one year), only 50% of the dividend proceeds will be accounted into taxable income; and for shares held for more than one year, only 25% of the dividend proceeds will be taxable income.

   

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For a foreign individual who is not a resident of China, the receipt of dividends from a company in China is normally subject to a withholding tax of 20% unless specifically exempted by the tax authority of the State Council of China or reduced by an applicable tax treaty. In 2011, the SAT issued the "Circular on the Issues Concerning the Collection and Administration of Individual Income Tax Following the Repeal of Circular 45 (No. 348)", under which dividend paid by a non-foreign-invested and PRC incorporated company listed in Hong Kongwill generally be subject to a withholding tax of 10%, and to be adjusted pursuant to the arrangement for the avoidance of double taxation signed between the PRC and the country where a foreign individual is a resident.

   
 

Dividends Paid to Non-PRC Enterprises

   
 

According to the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules, which became effective on January 1, 2008, dividends derived from the revenues accumulated from January 1, 2008 and are paid by Chinese companies to non-resident enterprises, which are established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions and have no establishment or residence in China or whose dividends from China do not relate to their establishment or residence in China, are ordinarily subject to a Chinese withholding tax levied at a flat rate of 10% unless exempted or reduced pursuant to an applicable double-taxation treaty or other exemptions. Dividends paid by PRC companies to resident enterprises, including enterprises established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions but whose "de facto management body" is located in the PRC, are not subject to any PRC tax, unless the dividends are derived from the publicly traded shares which have been held continuously by the resident enterprises for less than twelve months. However, the withholding tax rate could be reduced under an applicable double-taxation treaty.

   
 

Tax Treaties

   
 

Non-PRC shareholders who are residents or citizens of a country that has entered into a double-taxation treaty with China may be entitled to a reduction in the amount of tax withheld, if any, imposed on the payment of dividends. China currently has such treaties with more than one hundred countries and regions, including:

 

*

the United States;

     
 

*

Australia;

     
 

*

Canada;

     
 

*

France;

     
 

*

Germany;

     
 

*

Japan;

     
 

*

Malaysia;

     
 

*

Singapore;

     
 

*

the United Kingdom; and

     
 

*

the Netherlands.

 

Under most treaties, the rate of withholding tax imposed by China's taxation authorities remains 10%. The double taxation treaty between China and the United States provides that China may tax dividends paid by us to an eligible U.S. holder up to 10% of the gross amount received by such person. Under the treaty, an eligible U.S. holder is a person who, by reason of domicile, residence, place or head office, place of incorporation or any other criterion of similar nature is subject to taxation in the United States, as applicable under the treaty's "treaty shopping provisions."

   

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Capital Gains

   
 

According to the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules, which became effective on January 1, 2008, capital gains realized by foreign enterprises, which are established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions and have no establishment or residence in China or whose capital gains from China do not relate to their establishment or residence in China, are ordinarily subject to capital gains tax at the rate of 10%. The capital gains realized by resident enterprises, including enterprises established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions but whose "de facto management body" is located in the PRC, upon the sales of overseas-listed shares are subject to the PRC enterprise income tax.

   
 

With respect to individual holders of H Shares, the Provisions for Implementation of Individual Income Tax Law of China, as amended, stipulated that income tax on gains realized on the sale of equity shares shall be regulated in separate rules to be drafted by the MOF. On March 30, 1998, the MOF and the SAT jointly issued the "Circular of Taxation Regarding the Continued Exemption of Individual Income Taxes Levied on Income Obtained from the Transfer of Shares", which provided that income derived from the transfer of shares issued by listed companies shall not be taxed as income for the purposes of levying individual income taxes after July 1, 1997.

   
 

Additional China Tax Considerations

   
 

Under the Provisional Regulations of the PRC Concerning the Stamp Duty, a stamp duty is not imposed by China on the transfer of shares, such as the H Shares or ADSs, of Chinese publicly traded companies that take place outside of China.

   
 

United States Federal Income Taxation

   
 

Each potential investor is strongly urged to consult its own tax advisor to determine the particular United States federal, state, local, treaty and foreign tax consequences of acquiring, owning or disposing of the H Shares or ADSs.

   
 

The following summary describes the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of the H Shares or ADSs. This summary only applies to U.S. holders, as defined below, who hold the H Shares or ADSs as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Codeof 1986 as amended (the "Code"). This discussion does not address all of the tax consequences relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the H Shares or ADSs, and does not take into account U.S. holders who may be subject to special rules including:

   
 

*

financial institutions;

     
 

*

insurance companies;

     
 

*

tax-exempt organizations;

     
 

*

real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, grantor trusts;

     
 

*

persons that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar;

     
 

*

persons that will own H Shares or ADSs through partnerships or other pass-through entities;

     
 

*

persons that own 10% or more, by vote, of our equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

     

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*

dealers or traders in securities or currencies;

     
 

*

certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;

     
 

*

persons that will hold the H Shares or ADSs as a position in a "straddle" or as part of a "hedging", or "conversion" or other risk reduction transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

     
 

*

persons who receive the H Shares or ADSs as compensation for services;

     
 

*

"dual resident" corporations;

     
 

*

persons that generally mark their securities to market for United States federal income tax purposes; or

     
 

*

persons who are residents of the People's Republic of China or who are subject to Hong Kong profits tax.

     
 

Moreover, this description does not address United States federal estate, gift or alternative minimum taxes, the U.S. federal unearned income Medicare contribution tax, or any foreign state or local tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the H Shares or ADSs. Each U.S. holder should consult its tax advisor with respect to the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of H Shares or ADSs.

   
 

This discussion is based on the Code, its legislative history, final, temporary and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, published rulings and court decisions as in effect on the date hereof, all of which are subject to change, or changes in interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this discussion is based in part upon representations of the depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any related agreements will be performed according to its terms.

   
 

You are a "U.S. holder" if you are a beneficial owner of H Shares or ADSs and, for U.S.federal income tax purposes are:

   
 

*

an individual citizen or resident of the United States;

     
 

*

a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof;

     
 

*

an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income tax without regard to its source; or

     
 

*

a trust: (i) subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and one or more U.S. persons (within the meaning of the Code) have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust; or (ii) that has validly elected to be treated as a United States person under applicable United States Treasury Regulations.

 

If a partnership (including any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes) holds H Shares or ADSs, the tax treatment of the partnership and a partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If an investor is a partner in a partnership that holds H Shares or ADSs, such investor should consult its tax advisor.

   
 

In general, if you hold ADRs evidencing H Shares, you will be treated as the owner of the H Shares represented by the ADSs. Exchanges of H Shares for ADRs, and ADRs for H Shares, generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax.

   

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INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TO THEM RELATING TO THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE H SHARES OR ADSs, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY OF U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL TAX LAWS OR NON-U.S. TAX LAWS, ANY CHANGES IN APPLICABLE TAX LAWS AND ANY PENDING OR PROPOSED LEGISLATION OR REGULATIONS.

   
 

Distributions on the H Shares or ADSs

   
 

Subject to the discussions below under "- Passive Foreign Investment Company", the gross amount of any distribution (without reduction for any PRC tax withheld) we make on the H Shares or ADSs will be includible in income as dividend income when the distribution is actually or constructively received by you. Because we do not calculate earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. tax principles, all distributions by us to U.S. holders will generally be treated as dividends. Any dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to certain United States corporations in respect of dividends received from U.S. corporations. The amount of any distribution of property other than cash will be the fair market value of such property on the date of such distribution.

   
 

The U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual, trust or estate will be subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 20% if the dividends are "qualified dividends." Dividends paid on H Shares or ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if (a) certain holding period requirements are satisfied, (b) either (i) we are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, has approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules, or (ii) the dividends are with respect to ADSs readily tradable on a U.S. securities market, and (c) provided that we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC. The Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the People's Republic of China for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Tax Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income (the "Treaty") has been approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules. We should be considered a qualified foreign corporation with respect to the ADSs because our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, based on our audited financial statements and relevant market data, we believe that we did not satisfy the definition for PFIC status for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2014 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market data, we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC for our 2015 taxable year or any future year. However, our status in the current year and future years will depend on our income and assets (which for this purpose depends in part on the market value of the H Shares or ADSs) in those years. See the discussion below under "- Passive Foreign Investment Company." Relevant U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding whether such dividends will qualify for the reduced rates provided by the "qualified dividend" rules.

   
 

If we make a distribution paid in HK dollars, you will be considered to receive the U.S. dollar value of the distribution determined at the spot HK dollar/U.S. dollar rate on the date such distribution is received actually or constructively by you, regardless of whether you convert the distribution into U.S.dollars. Any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date the dividend payment is includible in your income to the date you convert the distribution into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss from U.S. sources. If dividends received in HK dollars are converted into U.S. dollars on the day they are received, the U.S. holder generally will not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend income.

   
 

Dividends paid by us generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes and will be categorized as "passive income" or, in the case of certain U.S. holders as "general category income" for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. We may be required to withhold PRC income tax on dividends paid to U.S. holders on the H Shares or ADSs. Subject to various limitations, any PRC tax withheld from distributions in accordance with the Treaty will be deductible or creditable against your U.S. federal income tax liability.

   

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You may not be able to claim a foreign tax credit (and instead may qualify to claim a deduction) for non-U.S. taxes imposed on dividends paid on the H Shares or ADSs if you (i) have held the H Shares or ADSs for less than a specified minimum period during which you are not protected from risk of loss with respect to such shares, or (ii) are obligated to make payments related to the dividends (for example, pursuant to a short sale). The rules relating to the U.S. foreign tax credit are complex and U.S. Holders may be subject to various limitations on the amount of foreign tax credits that are available. In addition, if the dividends are taxed as qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend taken into account for purposes of calculating a U.S. Holder's foreign tax credit limitation will generally be limited to the gross amount of the taxable dividend, multiplied by the reduced tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income and divided by the highest tax rate normally applicable to dividends. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of these rules in their particular circumstance.

   
 

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition

   
 

Subject to the discussions below under "- Passive Foreign Investment Company", upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of the H Shares or ADSs, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount realized and your tax basis, determined in U.S. dollars, in such H Shares or ADSs. Generally, gain or loss recognized upon the sale or other disposition of H Shares or ADSs will be capital gain or loss, will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period for such H Shares or ADSs exceeds one year, and will be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. For non-corporate U.S. Holders, the United States income tax rate applicable to net long-term capital gain currently will not exceed 20.0%. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations.

   
 

With respect to the sale or exchange of H Shares or ADSs, the amount realized generally will be the U.S. dollar value of the payment received determined on (i) the date of receipt of payment in the case of a cash basis U.S. holder and (ii) the date of disposition in the case of an accrual basis U.S. holder. If H Shares or ADSs are traded on an "established securities market", a cash basis taxpayer or, if it so elects, an accrual basis taxpayer, will determine the U.S. dollar value of the amount realized by translating the amount received at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of the sale. A U.S. holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency received equal to the U.S. dollar amount realized. Any currency exchange gain or loss realized on a subsequent conversion of the foreign currency into U.S. dollars for a different amount generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss from sources within the United States. However, if such foreign currency is converted into U.S. dollars on the date received by the U.S. holder, a cash basis or electing accrual basis U.S. holder should not recognize any gain or loss on such conversion.

   
 

The rules relating to the U.S. foreign tax credit are complex. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of these rules in their particular circumstance. Any gain or loss will generally be United States source gain or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes and as a result of the U.S. foreign tax credit limitation, foreign taxes, if any, imposed upon capital gains in respect of H Shares or ADSs may not be currently creditable. Under the Treaty, however, if any PRC tax were to be imposed on any gain from the disposition of H Shares or ADSs, the gain could be treated as PRC source income. U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences if a foreign withholding tax is imposed on a disposition of H Shares or ADSs, including the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.

   
 

Passive Foreign Investment Company

   
 

A non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC for any taxable year in which, after applying relevant look-through rules with respect to the income and assets of subsidiaries:

   

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*

75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income, such as dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the sale of assets that give rise to such income; or

     
 

*

50% or more of the average quarterly value of its gross assets consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income.

     

 

Passive income does not include rents and royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business. If the stock of a non-U.S. corporation is publicly traded for the taxable year, the asset test is applied using the fair market value of the assets for purposes of measuring such corporation's assets. If we own at least 25% (by value) of the stock of another corporation, we will be treated, for purposes of the PFIC tests, as owning our proportionate share of the other corporation's assets and receiving our proportionate share of the other corporation's income for purposes of the PFIC income and asset tests.

   
 

Based on the composition of our assets and income and the current expectations regarding the price of the H Shares and ADSs, we believe that we were not a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2014 taxable year and we do not intend or anticipate becoming a PFIC for any future taxable year. However, the determination of PFIC status is a factual determination that must be made annually at the close of each taxable year and therefore, there can be no certainty as to our status in this regard until the close of the current or any future taxable year. Changes in the nature of our income or assets or a decrease in the trading price of the H Shares or ADSs may cause us to be considered a PFIC in the current or any subsequent year. If we were a PFIC in any year during a U.S. holder's holding period for the H Shares or ADSs, we would ordinarily continue to be treated as a PFIC for each subsequent year during which the U.S. holder owned the H Shares or ADSs.

   
 

If we were a PFIC in any taxable year that you held the H Shares or ADSs, you generally would be subject to special rules with respect to "excess distributions" made by us on the H Shares or ADSs and with respect to gain from your disposition of the H Shares or ADSs. An "excess distribution" generally is defined as the excess of the distributions you receive with respect to the H Shares or ADSs in any taxable year over 125% of the average annual distributions you have received from us during the shorter of the three preceding years, or your holding period for the H Shares or ADSs. Generally, you would be required to allocate any excess distribution or gain from the disposition of the H Shares or ADSs ratably over your holding period for the H Shares or ADSs. The portion of the excess distribution or gain allocated to a prior taxable year, other than a year prior to the first year in which we became a PFIC, would be taxed at the highest U.S. federal income tax rate in effect for such taxable year, and you would be subject to an interest charge on the resulting tax liability, determined as if the tax liability had been due with respect to such particular taxable years. The portion of the excess distribution or gain that is not allocated to prior taxable years, together with the portion allocated to the years prior to the first year in which we became a PFIC, would be included in your gross income for the taxable year of the excess distribution or disposition and taxed as ordinary income.

   
 

These adverse tax consequences may be mitigated if the U.S. holder is eligible to and does elect to annually mark-to-market the H Shares or ADSs. If a U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election, such holder will generally include as ordinary income the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the H Shares or ADSs at the end of each taxable year over its adjusted basis, and will be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the H Shares or ADSs over their fair market value at the end of the taxable year (but only to the extent of the net amount of income previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election). Any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of the H Shares or ADSs will be treated as ordinary income. The mark-to-market election is available only for "marketable stock," which is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter on a qualified exchange or other market, as defined in the applicable Treasury regulations. The H Shares or ADSs may qualify as "marketable stock" because the ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

   

123

 


 

 

A U.S. holder's adjusted tax basis in the H Shares or ADSs will be increased by the amount of any income inclusion and decreased by the amount of any deductions under the mark-to-market rules. If a U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election it will be effective for the taxable year for which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years unless the H Shares or ADSs are no longer regularly traded on a qualified exchange or the IRS consents to the revocation of the election. U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors about the availability of the mark-to-market election, and whether making the election would be advisable in their particular circumstances. However, the stock of any of our subsidiaries that were PFICs would not be eligible for the mark-to-market election.

   
 

Alternatively, a timely election to treat us as a qualified electing fund could be made to avoid the foregoing rules with respect to excess distributions and dispositions. You should be aware, however, that if we become a PFIC, we do not intend to satisfy the record keeping requirements that would permit you to make a qualified electing fund election.

   
 

If we were regarded as a PFIC, a U.S. holder of H Shares or ADSs generally would be required to file an information return on IRS Form 8621 for any year in which the holder received a direct or indirect distribution with respect to the H Shares or ADSs, recognized gain on a direct or indirect disposition of the H Shares or ADSs, or made an election with respect to the H Shares or ADSs, reporting distributions received and gains realized with respect to the H Shares or ADSs. In addition, pursuant to recently enacted legislation, if we were regarded as a PFIC, a U.S. holder would be required to file an annual information return (also on IRS Form 8621) relating to the holder's ownership of the shares or ADSs. This requirement would be in addition to other reporting requirements applicable to ownership in a PFIC.

   
 

U.S. holders should consult their tax advisers concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding the H Shares or ADSs if we were considered to be a PFIC.

   
 

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

   
 

In general, information reporting requirements will apply to dividends in respect of the H Shares or ADSs or the proceeds of the sale, exchange, or redemption of the H Shares or ADSs paid within the United States, and in some cases, outside of the United States, other than to various exempt recipients, including corporations. In addition, you may, under some circumstances, be subject to "backup withholding" with respect to dividends paid on the H Shares or ADSs or the proceeds of any sale, exchange or transfer of the H Shares or ADSs, unless you

   
 

*

are a corporation or fall within various other exempt categories, and, when required, demonstrate this fact; or

     
 

*

provide a correct taxpayer identification number on a properly completed IRS Form W-9 or a substitute form, certify that you are exempt from backup withholding and otherwise comply with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules; or

     
 

*

provide a properly completed IRS Form W-88EN, certifying your status as a non-US holder.

     
 

Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be creditable against your U.S. federal income tax liability provided that you furnish the required information to the IRS in a timely manner.

   
 

Certain U.S. Holders may be required to report information with respect to such holder's interest in "specified foreign financial assets" (as defined in Section 6038D of the Code), including stock of a non-U.S. corporation that is not held in an account maintained by a financial institution, if the aggregate value of all such assets exceeds certain dollar thresholds. Persons who are required to report specified foreign financial assets and fail to do so may be subject to substantial penalties. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the foreign financial asset reporting obligations and their possible application to the holding of H Shares or ADSs.

   

124

 


 

 

Hong Kong Taxation

   
 

The following discussion summarizes the material Hong Kong tax provisions relating to the ownership of H Shares or ADSs held by you.

   
 

Dividends

   
 

Under current Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department practice, no Hong Kong tax is payable by the recipient in respect of dividends paid by us.

   
 

Taxation of Capital Gains

   
 

Hong Kong profits tax is currently charged at the rate of 16.5% for corporations and at a maximum rate of 15% for individuals.

   
 

No Hong Kong tax is imposed on capital gains arising from the sale of property (such as H Shares) acquired and held as investment assets. However, if a person carries on a business in Hong Kong that includes trading and dealing in securities, and derives trading gains from that or business from Hong Kong sources, Hong Kong profits tax will be payable. Gains from sales of H Shares effected on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange are considered to be from a Hong Kong source for this purpose. The source of gains from off exchange transactions is less clear and, generally, will depend on whether the purchase and sale contracts were negotiated and, in substance, concluded. Tax exemption will apply for certain classes of taxpayers, including non-residents who do not otherwise carry on business in Hong Kong, subject to compliance with various other requirements.

   
 

The Hong Kong tax position with respect to gains from the disposal of ADSs is similar. However, no Hong Kong tax will apply on trading gains arising from the sale of ADSs where the purchase and sale were effected on the NYSE.

   
 

Hong Kong Stamp Duty

   
 

Hong Kong stamp duty is payable by each of the seller and the purchaser for every sold note and every bought note created for every sale and purchase of the H Shares. Stamp duty is charged at the total rate of 0.2% of the value of the H Shares transferred (the buyer and seller each paying half of such stamp duty). In addition, a fixed duty of HK$5 is currently payable on an instrument of transfer of H Shares. If one of the parties to a sale is a non-resident of Hong Kong and does not pay the required stamp duty, the stamp duty not paid will be assessed on the instrument of transfer (if any), and the transferee will be liable for the full payment of such stamp duty.

   
 

If the withdrawal of H Shares when ADSs are surrendered or the issuance of ADSs when H Shares are deposited results in a change of beneficial ownership in the H Shares under Hong Kong law, Hong Kong stamp duty at the rate described above for sale and purchase transaction will apply. The issuance of ADSs for deposited H Shares issued directly to the depositary or for the account of the depositary should not lead to a Hong Kong stamp duty liability. Holders of the ADSs are not liable for the Hong Kong stamp duty on transfers of ADSs outside of Hong Kong so long as the transfers do not result in a change of beneficial interest in the H Shares under Hong Kong law.

   

F.

DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS

   
 

Not applicable

   

G.

STATEMENT BY EXPERTS

   
 

Not applicable

   

125

 


 

H.

DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

   
 

We are subject to the periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to file reports and other information with the SEC. Specifically, we are required to file an annual report under Form 20-F no later than four months after the close of each of our fiscal years, which is December 31, for fiscal years ended after December 15, 2011. Copies of reports and other information, when so filed, may be inspected without charge and may be obtained at prescribed rates at the SEC's public reference room located at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information regarding the Washington, D.C. Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC- 0330. The SEC also maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR filing system. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of quarterly reports and proxy statements, and officers, directors and principal shareholders of ours are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

   

I.

SUBSIDARY INFORMATION

   
 

Not applicable

   

ITEM 11.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

   
 

We are exposed to various types of market risks, including credit risk relating to financial assets and changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and the prices of alumina and primary aluminum, in the normal course of business.

   
 

We borrow short-term, medium-term and long-term funds, including variable rate debts, principally denominated in Renminbi. We hedge a limited amount of our sales through the trade of futures contracts on the SHFE and LME. Our hedging activities are subject to policies approved by our senior management. Substantially all of the financial instruments we hold are for purposes other than trading.

   
 

The following discussion, which contains "forward-looking statements" that involve risks and uncertainties, summarize our market-sensitive financial instruments. Such discussions address markets risk only and do not present other risks, which we face in the normal course of business.

   
 

Credit Risk

   
 

Credit risk arises from balances with banks and financial institutions, short-term investments, trade and notes receivables, other current and non-current receivables as well as credit exposures of customers, including outstanding receivables and committed transactions. We also provide financial guarantees to certain subsidiaries and a joint venture. The carrying amounts of these receivables and amounts of financial guarantees represent our maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to our financial assets and guarantees.

   
 

We maintain a significant majority of our bank balances and cash and short-term investments in several major state-owned banks in the PRC. The directors are of the opinion that these assets are not exposed to significant credit risk.

   
 

With regard to receivables, the marketing department assesses the credit quality of the customers and related parties, taking into account their financial positions, past experience and other factors. We perform periodic credit evaluations of our customers and believe that adequate provisions for impairment of receivables have been made in the financial statements. Management does not expect any further losses from non-performance by these counterparties.

   

126

 


 

 

We hold collateral for some entrusted loans. In 2011, we entered into an agreement with Shanxi Jiexiu to provide a three year entrusted loan to Shanxi Jiexiu totaling RMB1,000 million with annual interest rate of 10%. Pursuant to the agreement, the 51% equity interests of Xinyugou Coal held by Shanxi Province Jiexiu Luxin Coal Gas Co. Ltd was pledged as collateral for this entrusted loan. As of December 31, 2014, we provided RMB500 million in the form of entrusted loan to Xinyugou Coal. We do not hold any other collateral as security for these receivables.

   
 

In 2014, we have receivables from Chinalco and its subsidiaries arising from the disposal of equity interests and assets of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment, the disposal of alumina production line of Guizhou branch and the disposal of the equity interests of Chalco Iron Ore. We have received certain receivables from Chinalco and its subsidiaries in accordance with the payment terms. Therefore, we believe that there is no material credit risk related to these receivables.

   
 

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 none of our customers individually accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue. Therefore, we believe that we were not exposed to any significant concentration of credit risk as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

   
 

Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

   
 

We conduct our business primarily in Renminbi, which is our functional and reporting currency. We convert a portion of our Renminbi revenues into other currencies to meet foreign currency obligations and to pay for imported equipment and materials.

   
 

Many foreign currency exchange transactions involving Renminbi, including foreign exchange transactions under our capital account, are subject to foreign exchange controls and require the approval of the SAFE. Actions taken by the PRC government could cause future exchange rates to vary significantly from current or historical exchange rates. On July 21, 2005, the People's Bank of China announced a reform of its exchange rate system. Under the reform, the RMB is no longer effectively linked to the U.S. dollar but instead is allowed to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of foreign currencies, according to market demand and supply conditions. In April 2012, the PRC government took a milestone step in turning the Renminbi into a global currency by doubling the size of its trading band against the U.S. dollar, pushing through a crucial reform that further liberalizes its financial markets. The People's Bank of China allows the Renminbi to rise or fall 1% from a mid-point every day, effective on April 16, 2012, compared with its previous 0.5% limit. The People's Bank of China allows the Renminbi to rise or fall 2% from a mid-point every day, effective on March 17, 2014, compared with its previous 1% limit. Any appreciation of the Renminbi will increase the prices of our export sales denominated in foreign currencies and reduce the Renminbi equivalent value of our trade and notes receivable denominated in foreign currencies, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Our financial condition and operating performance may also be affected by changes in the value of currencies other than Renminbi in which our earnings and obligations are denominated.

   
 

Our bank balances and cash on hand as of December 31, 2014 amounted to RMB17,932.2 million, including Renminbi balances and foreign currency deposits of U.S. dollar, HK dollar, Euro, Australian dollar and Indonesian Rupiah, which translated into RMB3,055.3 million, RMB4.9 million, RMB6.4 million, RMB2.8 million and RMB0.06 million, respectively. Most of our sales are domestic and as such we have a limited amount of foreign currency denominated trade and notes receivable. As of December 31, 2014, we had foreign currency denominated loans with principal amount of RMB24 million in Japanese Yen and RMB4,957 million in U.S. dollars. In addition, as of December 31, 2014, our receivables from disposal of Chalco Iron Ore denominated in U.S. dollars amounted to RMB7,587 million and deposits paid to suppliers amounting to RMB1,836 million and an amount included in other terms amounting to RMB1,562 million.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, if RMB had appreciated/weakened by 5% against US dollar with all other variables held constant, profit for the year would have been approximately RMB238 million higher/lower, mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains on translation of US dollar-denominated borrowings. Profit is less sensitive to fluctuations in the exchange rate between RMB and US dollar in 2014 than 2013, mainly due to the decrease in US dollar-denominated borrowings.

   

127

 


 

 

As the assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than US dollar are minimal relative to our total assets and liabilities, our directors are of the opinion that we are not exposed to any significant foreign currency risk arising from such foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

   
 

Interest Rate Risk

   
 

We have no significant interest-bearing assets except for bank deposits, entrusted loans and receivables arising from disposal of subsidiaries, balances and assets and a prepayment paid to a supplier. Most of the bank deposits are maintained in savings and time deposit accountsin the PRC. The interest rates are regulated by the People's Bank of China and our treasury closely monitors the fluctuation on such rates periodically. The interest rates of entrusted loans and a deposit paid to a supplier are fixed. The interest rate of the receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets to Chinalco is the rate of one-year bank loan determined by People's Bank of China at payment date and the interest rate of the receivables from disposal of an entity to a subsidiary of Chinalco is LIBOR plus 0.9%. As the interest rates applied to the deposits and receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets were relatively low and the interest rates applied to the entrusted loans and a prepayment paid to a supplier were fixed, our directors are of the opinion that we were not exposed to any significant interest rate risk for its financial assets held as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

   
 

We are exposed to interest rate risk resulting from fluctuations in interest rates on our debts, primarily on our long-term debt obligations. Our debts consist of fixed and variable rate debt obligations with original maturities ranging from one to ten years. We undertake debt obligations to support general corporate purposes including capital expenditures and working capital needs. Upward fluctuations in interest rates increase the cost of new debts and the interest cost of outstanding variable rate borrowings. We do not currently use any derivative instruments to modify the nature of our debts so as to manage our interest rate risk. Instead, our treasury department closely monitors the market interest rates and maintains proper portfolio of variable rate and fixed rate debts in order to reduce the exposure to any one form of interest rate risk.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, if interest rates had been 100 basis points higher/lower for bank and other loans borrowed at floating interest rates with all other variables maintain constant, our net profit for the year would have been RMB546 million lower/higher, mainly as a result of higher/lower interest expense on floating rate borrowings.

   
 

Our fair value interest rate risk mainly arises from long-term bonds, medium-term notes and short-term bonds issued at fixed rates. As the fluctuation of comparable interest rates of corporate bonds with similar terms was relatively low, we are not exposed to any significant fair value interest rate risk for our fixed interest rate borrowings held.

   
 

Commodity Price Risk

   
 

We are exposed to fluctuations in the prices of alumina, primary aluminum and other products. We import a portion of our alumina supply from suppliers outside China. Such purchases are made at market prices. In addition, all our sales of alumina, primary aluminum and other products are made at market prices. Therefore, fluctuations in the prices of alumina and primary aluminum have a significant effect on our operating performances.

   
 

We use mainly futures contracts and option contracts traded on the Shanghai Futures Exchange and London Metal Exchange to hedge against fluctuations in primary aluminum prices. We use the futures contract for hedging other than speculation. With reference to the hedging of primary aluminum production, our production companies hedge the output of primary aluminum and Chalco Trading hedges the quantities of buyout and self-supporting. As of December 31, 2014, the fair value of outstanding future contracts amounting to RMB121 million and RMB4 million was recognized in financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, respectively. As of December 31, 2014, the fair value of outstanding option contracts in the amount of RMB25 million was recognized in financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.

   

128

 


 

 

The fair value of futures contracts are based on quoted market prices. As of December 31, 2013 and 2014, our position in futures contracts was as follows:

   

   

As of December 31, 2013

As of December 31, 2014

   



   

Tonnes

Contract Value

Market Value

Maturity

Tonnes

Contract Value

Market Value

Maturity

   

(RMB in thousands)

(RMB in thousands)

                   
 

Futures Contracts:

               
                   
 

Primary aluminum

               
 

    - Short

8,875

125,608

124,637

January 2014

121,860

1,703,565

1,571,999

February-March 2015

 

    - Long

7,850

109,372

109,643

April-January 2014

44,535

600,762

591,871

January-May 2015

 

Zinc

               
 

    - Short

1,300

19,701

19,729

February-March 2014

460

7,700

7,672

January-May 2015

 

    - Long

-

-

-

-

1,000

16,444

16,723

January-May 2015

 

Copper

               
 

    - Short

9,275

468,289

471,606

January-April 2014

-

-

-

-

 

    - Long

-

-

-

-

8,900

384,072

379,780

January-March 2015

 

Lead

               
 

    - Short

80

1,151

1,148

January 2014

25

340

308

January 2015

 

Silver

               
 

    - Short

3,900

16,217

16,130

January-June 2014

-

-

-

-

 

Coal

               
 

    - Short

18,000

19,427

17,424

January-May 2014

52,000

51,148

51,996

September 2015

   








 

                   
 

    - Long

-

-

-

-

90,000

68,568

67,140

January-May 2015

   








 

 

Liquidity risk

   
 

We monitor rolling forecasts of our liquidity requirements to ensure we have sufficient cash to meet operational needs while maintaining sufficient headroom on our undrawn committed borrowing facilities at all times so that we do not breach borrowing limits or covenants (where applicable) on any of our borrowing facilities. Such forecast takes into consideration of our debt financing plans, covenant compliance, compliance with internal balance sheet ratio targets and, if applicable, external regulatory or legal requirements. Our management also monitors rolling forecasts of our liquidity reserve on the basis of expected cash flows.

   
 

As of December 31, 2014, we had total banking facilities of approximately RMB142,051 million, of which RMB65,394 million had been utilized and unutilized banking facilities amounted to RMB76,657 million as of December 31, 2014, among which, banking facilities of approximately RMB71,660 million will be subject to renewal during the next 12 months from January 1, 2015. Our directors are confident that all banking facilities could be renewed upon their expiration based on our past experience with banks and our good credit standing. In addition, as of December 31, 2014, we had credit facilities through our futures agent at LME amounting to US$120 million, of which approximately US$57 million has been utilized. The futures agent has the right to adjust the related credit facilities.

   

129

 


 

 

The following table sets forth the maturity profile of our financial liabilities as of December 31, 2014:

   

Within 1 year

1 to 2 years

2 to 5 years

Over 5 years

Total

   






   

(RMB in millions)

             
             
 

Finance lease payable, including current portion

318,103

444,022

910,926

-

1,673,051

 

Long-term bank and other loans, including
    current portion

6,572,862

3,331,060

11,784,104

10,258,318

31,946,344

 

Long-term bonds

-

-

2,000,000

-

2,000,000

 

Medium-term notes and bonds, including
    current portion

4,000,000

6,900,000

9,400,000

-

20,300,000

 

Short-term bonds

23,000,000

-

-

-

23,000,000

 

Short-term bank and other loans

40,792,689

-

-

-

40,792,689

 

Interest payables for borrowings

5,783,078

2,516,312

3,488,030

596,089

12,383,509

 

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

29,384

-

-

-

29,384

 

Financial liabilities included in other payables
    and accrued liabilities, excluding accrued interest

8,277,693

-

-

-

8,277,693

 

Financial liabilities included in other
    non-current liabilities

-

229,704

581,265

359,264

1,170,233

 

Trade and notes payables

15,748,351

-

-

-

15,748,351

   






             
   

104,522,160

13,421,098

28,164,325

11,213,671

157,321,254

   






             

ITEM 12.

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

   

A.

DEBT SECURITIES

   
 

Not applicable.

   

B.

WARRANTS AND RIGHTS

   
 

Not applicable.

   

C.

OTHER SECURITIES

   
 

Not applicable.

D.

AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

   
 

The following table summarizes the fees and charges that a holder of our ADSs may have to pay, directly or indirectly, in connection with the ownership of Chalco's American Depositary Receipts.

   

 

Persons depositing or withdrawing shares must pay:

For:

 
       
 

$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of
100 ADSs$.02 (or less) per ADS

*

Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property

       
   

*

Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement terminates

       
   

*

Any cash distribution to ADS registered holders

       

130

 


 

 

A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed to you had Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities

   
 

$.02 (or less) per ADS per calendar year
Registration or transfer fees

*

Depositary services

   

*

Transfer and registration of shares on our share register to or from the name of the depositary or its agent when you deposit or withdraw shares

       
 

Expenses of the depositary

*

Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in the deposit agreement)

       
   

*

Converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars

       
 

Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian have to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example, stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes

*

As necessary

       
 

Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents for servicing the deposited securities

*

As necessary

       

 

The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, has agreed to reimburse certain expenses related to the administration and maintenance of our ADR program and incurred by us in connection with the program. From January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014, we received from the depositary reimbursements of US$152,756.1 for our continuing annual stock exchange listing fees and our expenses incurred in connection with investor relationship programs. The depositary has also agreed to waive certain standard out-of-pocket administrative, maintenance and shareholder services expenses related to our ADR program. From January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014, the total amount of the fees that were waived was US$130,148.24.

   

PART II

 
   

ITEM 13.

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

   
 

None.

   

ITEM 14.

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

   
 

None.

ITEM 15.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

   

 

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report, have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

   
 

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

   
 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d- 15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

   
 

Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of a company's assets, (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

   

131

 


 

 

Under the supervision of and with the participation of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 based on the framework in Internal Control- Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in May 2013. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, our management concluded that, as of December 31, 2014, our internal control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRSs.

   
 

The effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 has been audited by Ernst & Young, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.

   
 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

   
 

During 2014, there have been no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal year covered by this annual report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

   

ITEM 16A.

AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

   
 

Our audit committee members are Mr. Ma Si-hang, Frederick and Ms. Chen Lijie. Our Board has determined that Mr. Ma Si- hang, Frederick, the chairman of the audit committee, qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert" as defined in Item 16A of Form 20-F and is the financial expert serving on our audit committee. See "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees."

   

ITEM 16B.

CODE OF ETHICS

   
 

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, other directors, independent non-executive directors, senior management and employees. We have posted our code of ethics on our website: www.chalco.com.cn. A hard copy of this code of ethics is available to investors free of charge upon written request to the address on the cover of this annual report on Form 20-F.

   

ITEM 16C.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

   
 

Ernst & Young served as our independent auditor for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014. A description of the fees billed to us by Ernst & Young for professional services in each of the last two fiscal years is set forth below:

   
   

Year ended December 31

   


   

2013

2014

   



   

(RMB in thousands)

       
 

Audit fee (1) and audit-related fees (2)

25,221

22,210

 

Tax fees (3)

28

-

132

 


 
 


 
 

(1)

"Audit fee" represents fee obtained from annual audit work.

     
 

(2)

"Audit-related fees" represent aggregate fees charged by Ernst & Young for permissible professional services rendered in connection with assisting the Company to transition from COSO 1992 Internal Control Framework to COSO 2013 Internal Control Framework, issuance of USD senior perpetual securities and issuance of subsequent letter for additional issuance of A Shares according to the requirement of CSRC.

     
 

(3)

"Tax fees" represent fees charged by Ernst & Young for permissible tax advisory services related to planned and completed acquisitions and other tax advisory service.

 

Our audit committee pre-approves all audit and audit-related services and tax advisory services performed by our principal accountants, Ernst & Young, for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014.

   

ITEM 16D.

EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

   
 

Not applicable.


ITEM 16E.


PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

   
 

We do not have an equity securities repurchase program and did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the year ended December 31, 2014.

   

ITEM 16F.

CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

   
 

Not applicable.

   

ITEM 16G.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

   
 

The NYSE has imposed a series of corporate governance listing standards for companies listed on the NYSE in Section 303A of its listing rules. However, the NYSE provides that listed companies that are foreign private issuers, subject to certain limitations and conditions, are permitted to follow "home country" practice in lieu of the provisions of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. As a foreign issuers listed on the NYSE, we are required to disclose a summary of the significant differences between our domestic corporate governance rules and NYSE corporate governance rules that apply to U.S. domestic issuers.

   
   

NYSE Listed Company Manual Requirements on
Corporate Governance

Our Practice

       
 

Majority of
    independent
    directors

NYSE requires that the board of a listed company must comprise
a majority of independent directors. There is no identical
corporate governance requirement in the PRC. PRC securities
regulatory authorities require that the board of a listed company shall
comprise at least one-third of independent directors.

Our Board currently comprises two independent directors and six non-independent directors which is not in compliance with the requirement by the PRC securities regulatory authorities. As the date of this Annual Report, we are in the process of identifying suitable candidate as independent director to fill the vacancy of the Board.

       
 

Compensation
    Committee

NYSE requires U.S. domestic issuers to have a compensation
committee composed entirely of independent directors. As a foreign
private issuer, we are not subject to such requirement.

We have a remuneration committee that consists of an independent director and a non-independent director.

       
 

Nominating
    Committee

NYSE requires U.S. domestic issuers to have only independent directors
on their nominating committees. As a foreign private issuer,
we are not subject to such requirement.

We have a nomination committee that consists of two non-independent directors and two independent directors.

       
 

Corporate
    governance
    committee

NYSE requires a listed company to establish a corporate governance
committee which comprises entirely of independent directors.
The corporate governance committee shall be co-established
with the nomination committee and have a written charter.
The corporate governance committee is responsible
(i) for recommending to the board a accordingly do
not separately maintain a set of
corporate governance guidelines applicable to the corporation; and
(ii) supervising the operation of the board and the management.
The corporate governance committee shall also be subject
to evaluation annually. There is no identical corporate
governance requirement in the PRC.

Like most of the other companies incorporated in the PRC, we believe that corporate governance measures are of critical importance and should be implemented by the Board. We accordingly do not separately maintain a corporate governance committee.

       

133

 


 

ITEM 16H.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

   
 

As of the date of this annual report, we did not own or operate any mine in the United States. For details of the mining safety control of our bauxite mines in China, see "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview - Raw Materials - Alumina - Own Mines."

   

PART III

 
   

ITEM 17.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
 

We have elected to provide the financial statements and related information specified in Item 18 in lieu of Item 17.

   

ITEM 18.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
 

Our consolidated financial statements are included at the end of this annual report on Form 20-F.

ITEM 19.

EXHIBITS

   

Exhibit Number

Description

   

1.1

English translation of Articles of Association of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of our annual report on Form 20-F (file No. 001-15264) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 25, 2013)

   

2.1

Registrant's Specimen American Depositary Receipt (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of our annual report on Form 20-F/A (file No. 001-15264) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 9, 2012)

   

2.2

Registrant's Specimen Certificate for H Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 of our annual report on Form 20-F/A (file No. 001-15264) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 9, 2012)

   

2.3

Deposit Agreement among the Registrant, The Bank of New York, as depositary, and Owners and Beneficial Owners of the American Depositary Receipts (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 of our annual report on Form 20-F/A (file No. 001-15264) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 9, 2012)

   

4.1

English translation of Form of Employment Contract (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our annual report on Form 20-F/A (file No. 001-15264) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 9, 2012)

   

8.1*

List of Subsidiaries of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited as of December 31, 2014

   

12.1*

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

   

12.2*

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

   

13.1*

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

   

134

 


 

13.2*

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

15.1

Letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 15.1 of our annual report on Form 20-F (file No. 001-15264) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 25, 2013)

 


 
     

*

Filed with this annual report on Form 20-F

SIGNATURES

 

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on this Form 20-F on its behalf.

 

 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

   

 

By: /s/GE Honglin

 

      Name: GE Honglin

 

      Title: Chairman of the Board

 

      Date: April 15, 2015

135

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

Together with Reports of Independent Public Accounting Firm

F-1


 

INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

 

Pages

Reports of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

F3-F5

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2013 and 2014

F6-F7

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended

    December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

F8-F9

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Years Ended

    December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

F10-F12

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Cash Flows for the Years Ended

    December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

F13-F14

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

F15-F185

F-2


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited

(Incorporated in the People's Republic of China with limited liability)

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited and its subsidiaries (the "Group") as of December 31, 2013 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity and statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Group's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Group at December 31, 2013 and 2014, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Aluminum Corporation of China Limited's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated April 15, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

/s/ Ernst & Young

 

Hong Kong

April 15, 2015

 

F-3


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited

(Incorporated in the People's Republic of China with limited liability)

 

We have audited Aluminum Corporation of China Limited's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Aluminum Corporation of China Limited's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying "Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting". Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, Aluminum Corporation of China Limited maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria.

 

F-4


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (Continued)

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and International Standards on Auditing, the consolidated statements of financial position of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited as of December 31, 2013 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited and our report dated April 15, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

/s/ Ernst & Young

 
 

Hong Kong

April 15, 2015

 

F-5


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of December 31, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

December 31,

December 31,

2013

2014


Note

RMB'000

RMB'000

USD'000

ASSETS

Non-current assets

    Intangible assets

7

10,852,397

10,977,959

1,769,326

    Property, plant and equipment

8

100,605,972

94,032,375

15,155,268

    Land use rights and leasehold land

9

2,743,966

3,274,428

527,742

    Investments in joint ventures

10(a)

2,314,841

2,525,747

407,076

    Investments in associates

10(b)

4,587,818

4,840,968

780,222

    Available-for-sale financial investments

11

82,112

74,850

12,064

    Deferred tax assets

12

1,793,310

952,057

153,444

    Other non-current assets

13

13,461,217

12,479,204

2,011,283




Total non-current assets

136,441,633

129,157,588

20,816,425




Current assets

    Inventories

14

23,535,948

22,441,448

3,616,905

    Trade and notes receivables

15

6,156,605

5,312,575

856,231

    Other current assets

16

20,946,992

13,031,669

2,100,324

    Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

3.2

23

120,901

19,486

    Available-for-sale financial investments

11

-

4,635,600

747,123

    Restricted cash and time deposits

17

1,044,158

1,663,590

268,122

    Cash and cash equivalents

17

11,381,695

16,268,600

2,622,022




Total current assets

63,065,421

63,474,383

10,230,213




Total assets

199,507,054

192,631,971

31,046,638




F-6


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED)

As of December 31, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

December 31,

December 31,

2013

2014


Note

RMB'000

RMB'000

USD'000

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

EQUITY

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

    Share capital

18

13,524,488

13,524,488

2,179,752

    Other reserves

19

19,505,450

19,640,292

3,165,441

     Retained earnings/(accumulated losses)

        - proposed final dividend

34

-

-

-

        - others

11,327,787

(4,889,093)

(787,979 )




44,357,725

28,275,687

4,557,214

Non-controlling interests

9,344,394

11,353,155

1,829,796




Total equity

53,702,119

39,628,842

6,387,010




LIABILITIES

Non-current liabilities

    Interest-bearing loans and borrowings

20

46,294,828

44,769,211

7,215,487

    Other non-current liabilities

22

1,684,376

2,937,087

473,372

    Deferred tax liabilities

12

1,088,150

1,061,265

171,045




Total non-current liabilities

49,067,354

48,767,563

7,859,904




Current liabilities

    Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

3.1/3.2

1,947

29,384

4,736

    Interest-bearing loans and borrowings

20

73,348,346

75,167,251

12,114,762

    Other payables and accrued liabilities

23

10,860,109

13,211,160

2,129,253

    Trade and notes payables

24

12,401,650

15,748,351

2,538,173

    Income tax payable

125,529

79,420

12,800




Total current liabilities

96,737,581

104,235,566

16,799,724




Total liabilities

145,804,935

153,003,129

24,659,628




Total equity and liabilities

199,507,054

192,631,971

31,046,638




Net current liabilities

33,672,160

40,761,183

6,569,511




Total assets less current liabilities

102,769,473

88,396,405

14,246,914




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

Ge Honglin

 

Xie Weizhi

 

Director

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

F-7


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2012

2013

2014


Note

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

USD'000

Continuing operations

Revenue

5

143,436,995

169,431,235

141,772,292

22,849,546

Cost of sales

(143,425,940)

(166,679,798)

(141,138,806)

(22,747,447)





Gross profit

11,055

2,751,437

633,486

102,099

Selling and distribution expenses

27(a)

(1,833,983)

(1,859,220)

(1,753,234)

(282,570)

General and administrative expenses

27(b)

(2,750,222)

(2,946,879)

(4,832,156)

(778,802)

Research and development expenses

(184,683)

(193,620)

(293,766)

(47,346)

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment

8

(19,903)

(501,159)

(5,679,521)

(915,373)

Government grants

28(a)

734,852

805,882

823,986

132,802

Other (losses) /gains, net

28(b)

(16,989)

7,399,252

356,935

57,528

Finance income

29

302,346

616,576

1,047,607

168,844

Finance costs

29

(4,362,970)

(5,849,646)

(6,717,945)

(1,082,736)

Share of profits of:

    Joint ventures

10(a)

37,040

148,749

89,510

14,426

    Associates

10(b)

256,081

511,869

350,575

56,502





(Loss)/profit before income tax from continuing operations

26

(7,827,376)

883,241

(15,974,523)

(2,574,626)

Income tax benefit/(expense) from continuing operations

32

371,092

(339,551)

(1,074,910)

(173,244)





(Loss)/profit for the year from continuing operations

(7,456,284)

543,690

(17,049,433)

(2,747,870)





Discontinued operation

(Loss)/profit for the year from discontinued operation

6

(1,187,299)

207,144

-

-





(Loss)/profit for the year

(8,643,583)

750,834

(17,049,433)

(2,747,870)





(Loss)/profit attributable to:

    Owners of the parent

(8,233,754)

975,246

(16,216,880)

(2,613,687)

    Non-controlling interests

(409,829)

(224,412)

(832,553)

(134,183)





(8,643,583)

750,834

(17,049,433)

(2,747,870)





F-8


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2012

2013

2014


Note

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

USD'000

(Loss)/Profit attributable to owners of the parent arising from:

    Continuing operations

(7,163,361)

739,333

(16,216,880)

(2,613,687)

    Discontinued operation

(1,070,393)

235,913

-

-





(8,233,754)

975,246

(16,216,880)

(2,613,687)





Other comprehensive income /(loss), net of tax:

Other comprehensive income /(loss) to be reclassified to profit
    or loss in subsequent periods:

    Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

18,752

(234,019)

64,102

10,331





Net other comprehensive income /(loss) to be reclassified to
    profit or loss in subsequent periods

18,752

(234,019)

64,102

10,331





Total other comprehensive income /(loss),
    net of tax

18,752

(234,019)

64,102

10,331





Total comprehensive (loss) /income for the year

(8,624,831)

516,815

(16,985,331)

(2,737,538)





Total comprehensive (loss) /income for the year attributable to:

    Owners of the parent

(8,215,002)

741,227

(16,152,778)

(2,603,355)

    Non-controlling interests

(409,829)

(224,412)

(832,553)

(134,183)





(8,624,831)

516,815

(16,985,331)

(2,737,538)





Basic and diluted (loss)/earnings per share attributable
    to ordinary equity holders of the parent

    (expressed in RMB per share)

    From continuing operations

33

(0.53)

0.05

(1.20)

(0.193)

    From discontinued operation

33

(0.08)

0.02

-

-





(0.61)

0.07

(1.20)

(0.193)





Details of the dividends payable and proposed for the year are disclosed in Note 34 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-9


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
 

Attributable to owners of the parent

   
 


   
   

Capital reserves

             
   


             
 

Share
capital
(Note 18)

Share
premium

Other
capital
reserves

Statutory
surplus
reserve

Special
reserve

Exchange fluctuation
reserve

Retained
earnings

Total

Non-
controlling
interests

Total
Equity

 

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000


                     

At January 1, 2012

13,524,488

12,846,728

945,777

5,867,557

90,780

(36,134)

18,586,803

51,825,999

6,328,687

58,154,686

                     

Loss for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

(8,233,754)

(8,233,754)

(409,829)

(8,643,583)

                     

Other comprehensive income for the year:

                   

Exchange differences on translation
    of foreign operations

-

-

-

-

-

18,752

-

18,752

-

18,752

 











                     

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year

-

-

-

-

-

18,752

(8,233,754)

(8,215,002)

(409,829)

(8,624,831)

                     

Release of deferred government subsidies

-

-

203,299

-

-

-

-

203,299

8,544

211,843

Acquisition of non-controlling interests

-

(7,946)

-

-

-

-

-

(7,946)

7,946

-

Capital injection from non-controlling shareholders

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,104,335

4,104,335

Other appropriation

-

-

-

-

(877)

-

-

(877)

2,310

1,433

Share of reserves of associates

-

-

-

-

2,290

-

-

2,290

8,243

10,533

Transfer from other capital reserves to
    share premium

-

258,335

(258,335)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dividends paid by subsidiaries to non-controlling
    shareholders relating to 2011

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(86,849)

(86,849)

 











                     

At December 31, 2012

13,524,488

13,097,117

890,741

5,867,557

92,193

(17,382)

10,353,049

43,807,763

9,963,387

53,771,150

 











                     

F-10


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
 

Attributable to owners of the parent

   
 


   
   

Capital reserves

             
   


             
 

Share
capital
(note 18)

Share
premium

Other
capital
reserves

Statutory
surplus
reserve

Special
reserve

Foreign currency
translation
reserve

Retained
earnings

Total

Non-
controlling
interests

Total
equity

 

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000


                     

At January 1, 2013

13,524,488

13,097,117

890,741

5,867,557

92,193

(17,382)

10,353,049

43,807,763

9,963,387

53,771,150

Profit/(loss) for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

975,246

975,246

(224,412)

750,834

                     

Other comprehensive loss for the year:

                   

Exchange differences on translation
    of foreign operations

-

-

-

-

-

(234,019)

-

(234,019)

-

(234,019)

 











                     

Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year

-

-

-

-

-

(234,019)

975,246

741,227

(224,412)

516,815

                     

Release of deferred government subsidies

-

-

11,800

-

-

-

-

11,800

-

11,800

Acquisition of subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

3,801,887

3,801,887

Disposal of discontinued operation

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(324,539)

(324,539)

Disposal and deemed disposal of subsidiaries

-

965

(257,529)

-

(49)

-

(508)

(257,121)

(6,170,474)

(6,427,595)

Issuance of senior perpetual securities,
    net of issuance costs (note 39)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,122,605

2,122,605

Capital injection from non-controlling shareholders

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

193,908

193,908

Other appropriation

-

-

-

-

38,220

-

-

38,220

(732)

37,488

Share of reserves of a joint venture and associates
    (note 10)

-

-

-

-

15,836

-

-

15,836

9,084

24,920

Dividends paid by subsidiaries to non-controlling
     shareholders relating to 2012

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(26,320)

(26,320)

 











                     

At December 31, 2013

13,524,488

13,098,082

645,012

5,867,557

146,200

(251,401)

11,327,787

44,357,725

9,344,394

53,702,119

 











                     

F-11


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
 

Attributable to owners of the parent

   
 


   
   

Capital reserves

             
   


             
 

Share
Capital
(note 18)

Share
premium

Other
capital
reserves

Statutory
surplus
reserve

Special
reserve

Foreign currency
translation
reserve

Retained
earnings/
(accumulated losses)

Total

Non-
controlling
interests

Total
equity

 

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000


                     

At January 1, 2014

13,524,488

13,098,082

645,012

5,867,557

146,200

(251,401)

11,327,787

44,357,725

9,344,394

53,702,119

Loss for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

(16,216,880)

(16,216,880)

(832,553)

(17,049,433)

                     

Other comprehensive income for the year

                   

Exchange differences on translation of
    foreign operations

-

-

-

-

-

64,102

-

64,102

-

64,102

 











 

--

                 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year

-

-

-

-

-

64,102

(16,216,880)

(16,152,778)

(832,553)

(16,985,331)

                     

Release of deferred government subsidies

-

-

20,000

-

-

-

-

20,000

-

20,000

Disposal of a subsidiary

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(950)

(950)

Issuance of senior perpetual securities,
    net of issuance costs (note 39)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,461,813

2,461,813

Capital injection from non-controlling shareholders

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

694,957

694,957

Increase of equity interest in a subsidiary

-

-

24,061

-

-

-

-

24,061

(24,061)

-

Other appropriation

-

-

-

-

33,404

-

-

33,404

32,046

65,450

Share of reserves of a joint venture and associates
    (note 10)

-

-

-

-

8,254

-

-

8,254

-

8,254

Share of change in an associate due to passive
    equity dilution (note 10(b))

-

-

(14,979)

-

-

-

-

(14,979)

-

(14,979)

Senior perpetual securities' distribution

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(224,241)

(224,241)

Dividends paid by subsidiaries to
    non-controlling shareholders relating to 2013

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(98,250)

(98,250)

 











                     

At December 31, 2014

13,524,488

13,098,082

674,094

5,867,557

187,858

(187,299)

(4,889,093)

28,275,687

11,353,155

39,628,842

 











                     

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-12


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

2012

2013

2014


Note

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

USD'000

Net cash flows from operating activities

35

1,122,352

8,251,338

13,773,049

2,219,813





Investing activities

Purchases of intangible assets

(55,356)

(527,409)

(106,077)

(17,097)

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

(9,148,495)

(8,486,568)

(8,038,327)

(1,295,543)

Purchases of land use rights and leasehold land

(1,528)

(32,546)

(295,506)

(47,627)

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment

185,926

489,893

219,490

35,375

Proceeds from disposal of intangible assets

-

-

11,637

1,876

Proceeds from disposal of a joint venture and an associate

-

264,474

7,993

1,288

Acquisitions of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired

-

392,678

-

-

Disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang, net of cash disposed of

-

(190,786)

-

-

Proceeds from disposal of subsidiaries and Alumina
    Production Line of Guizhou Branch of the Company,
    net of cash disposed of

-

1,931,770

3,639,193

586,531

Interest received from unpaid disposal proceeds

-

-

654,028

105,410

Proceeds from disposal of Chalco Iron Ore,
    net of cash disposed of

-

(8,545)

2,801,901

451,584

Investments in joint ventures

10(a)

(171,564)

(180,800)

-

-

Investments in associates

10(b)

(13,406,845)

(1,660,485)

(67,358)

(10,856)

(Payments)/proceeds for available-for-sale
    equity investments

(27,400)

5,500

6,899

1,112

Addition of financial products

-

-

(4,635,600)

(747,123)

Gain on financial products

28(b)

26,960

18,746

71,023

11,447

Dividends received

112,984

38,390

58,929

9,498

Interest received from loans and borrowings and others

49,668

54,742

155,922

25,130

Decrease/(Increase) in restricted cash

19,821

15,679

(4,000)

(645)

(Payment)/proceeds from settlement of futures, options
    and forward foreign exchange contracts, net

(107,616)

176,106

181,768

29,296

Payment for acquisition of a subsidiary acquired in prior year

-

-

(36,958)

(5,957)

Loans to related parties

36

(585,504)

(1,145,341)

(764,000)

(123,134)

Loans repaid by related parties

 

210,169

1,217,780

972,139

156,680

Loan to a third party

(100,000)

(196,000)

(68,439)

(11,030)

Deposit for investment projects

 

(300,111)

(79,961)

-

-

Assets related government grants received

251,857

295,254

392,499

63,259

Others

(106,056)

(78,640)

(78,494)

(12,651)





Net cash flows used in investing activities

(23,153,090)

(7,686,069)

(4,921,338)

(793,177)





F-13


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

2012

2013

2014


Note

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

USD'000

Financing activities

Instalment payment of bonds issuance expenses

(21,000)

(34,500)

-

-

Proceeds from issuance of short-term bonds and

    medium-term notes, net of issuance costs

29,468,136

22,936,141

34,892,986

5,623,729

Proceeds from issuance of senior perpetual securities,
    net of issuance costs

-

2,122,605

2,461,813

396,772

Repayments of short-term bonds and medium-term notes

(18,000,000)

(24,500,000)

(26,700,000)

(4,303,259)

Senior perpetual securities' distribution paid

-

-

(224,241)

(36,141)

Drawdown of short-term and long-term loans

74,346,531

98,090,919

60,225,917

9,706,656

Payments of/receipt from loan deposits

(365,400)

365,400

-

Interest of loan deposits received

-

2,928

-

Repayments of short-term and long-term loans

(63,925,148)

(90,426,022)

(70,052,076)

(11,290,345)

Proceeds from government subsidies

180,290

14,001

25,000

4,029

Proceeds from sale and leaseback transactions

-

-

1,768,840

285,085

Capital elements of finance lease rental payment

-

-

(390,433)

(62,926)

Capital injection from non-controlling interests

4,104,335

193,908

694,957

112,007

Dividends paid by subsidiaries to non-controlling shareholders

(52,859)

(70,363)

(19,273)

(3,106)

Interest paid

(5,305,932)

(6,936,608)

(6,750,545)

(1,087,990)

Others

-

-

96,314

15,522





Net cash flows from/(used in) financing activities

20,428,953

1,758,409

(3,970,741)

(639,967)





Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

(1,601,785)

2,323,678

4,880,970

786,669

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

10,591,306

9,063,593

11,381,695

1,834,396

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes, net

74,072

(5,576)

5,935

957





Cash and cash equivalents at December 31

17

9,063,593

11,381,695

16,268,600

2,622,022





The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-14


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

1.

GENERAL INFORMATION

   
 

Aluminum Corporation of China Limited () (the "Company") and its subsidiaries (together the "Group") are principally engaged in the manufacture and distribution of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabricated products. The Group is also engaged in the development of bauxite related resources, the production, fabrication and distribution of bauxite, carbon and relevant non-ferrous metal products and the trading of non-ferrous metal products and coal products.

   
 

The Company is a joint stock company which is domiciled and was established on September 10, 2001 in the People's Republic of China (the "PRC") with limited liability. The address of its registered office is No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing, the PRC.

   
 

The Company's shares have been listed on the Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange in 2001. The Company also listed its A shares on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2007.

   
 

In the opinion of the directors, the ultimate holding company and parent of the Company is Aluminum Corporation of China () ("Chinalco"), a company incorporated and domiciled in the PRC and wholly owned by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.

   

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

   
 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation

     
   

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRSs") issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (the "IASB"). In addition, these financial statements also comply with the applicable disclosure requirements of the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance relating to the preparation of financial statements, which for this financial year and the comparative period continue to be those of the predecessor Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32), in accordance with transitional and saving arrangements for Part 9 of the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622), "Accounts and Audit", which are set out in sections 76 to 87 of Schedule 11 to that Ordinance. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for available-for-sale financial investments and financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, which have been measured at fair value.

     
   

These financial statements are presented in thousands of Chinese Renminbi ("RMB") unless otherwise stated.

     

F-15


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation (Continued)

     
   

Going concern

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, the Group's current liabilities exceeded its current assets by approximately RMB40,761 million (December 31, 2013: RMB33,672 million). The directors of the Company have considered the Group's available sources of funds as follows:

     
   

*

The Group's expected net cash inflows from operating activities in 2015;

       
   

*

Unutilised banking facilities of approximately RMB76,657 million as at December 31, 2014, of which amounts totaling RMB71,660 million will be subject to renewal during the next 12 months. The directors of the Company are confident that these banking facilities could be renewed upon expiration based on the Group's past experience and good credit standing; and

       
   

*

Other available sources of financing from banks and other financial institutions given the Group's credit history.

       
   

The directors of the Company believe that the Group has adequate resources to continue operation for the foreseeable future of not less than 12 months from the approval date of these financial statements. The directors of the Company therefore are of the opinion that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

     

F-16


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation (Continued)

     
   

Discontinued operation

     
   

A discontinued operation is a component of the Group's business, the operations and cash flows of which can be clearly distinguished from the rest of the Group and which represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or is part of a single coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale. Classification as a discontinued operation occurs upon disposal or when the operation meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, if earlier. It also occurs when the operation is abandoned. Where an operation is classified as discontinued, a single amount is presented on the face of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, which comprises comparative information for prior periods is represented in the financial statements so that the disclosures relate to all operations that have been discontinued by the end of the reporting period for the latest period presented.

     
   

On June 27, 2013, the Company disposed of all of its equity interests in the following subsidiaries to Chinalco, including (1) 90.03% equity interest in Chalco Henan Aluminum Co., Ltd. () ("Henan Aluminum"); (2) 60% equity interest in Chalco Southwest Aluminum Co., Ltd. (); (3) 100% equity interest in Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling Co., Ltd. (); (4) 56.86% equity interest in Huaxi Aluminum Co., Ltd. (); (5) 93.30% equity interest in Chalco Ruimin Co., Ltd. (); (6) 100% equity interest in Chalco Qingdao Light Metal Co., Ltd. () ("Qingdao Light Metal") (collectively as "Aluminum Fabrication Subsidiaries"). Meanwhile, the Company disposed of Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Branch of the Company ("Aluminum Fabrication Branch") to Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant, a subsidiary of Chinalco, on June 27, 2013. The above transactions shall be settled in cash. In addition, as an adherent condition of the transfer of the equity interest in Henan Aluminum and Qingdao Light Metal, the Company also transferred the entrusted loans due from Henan Aluminum and Qingdao Light Metal to Chinalco (collectively as "Transferred Loan to Chinalco"), which were completed on June 27, 2013.

     
   

The above disposed Aluminum Fabrication Subsidiaries and Aluminum Fabrication Branch form the "Aluminum Fabrication Segment" of the Group. In accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations, the Aluminum Fabrication Segment was classified as a discontinued operation and the operating results of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment has been presented as a discontinued operation in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013. The comparative figures for consolidated statement of comprehensive income and related notes have been revised to reflect the reclassification between continuing operations and the discontinued operation accordingly.

     
   

Details on the discontinued operation are disclosed in Note 6 to the financial statements.

     

F-17


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.2

Changes in accounting policies and disclosures

     
   

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those followed in the preparation of the Group's annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013, except the adoption of the following new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRSs") (which include International Financial Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards, and Interpretations and amendments) that are effective from January 1, 2014:

     
   

*

Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Amendments to IAS 32

       
   

*

IFRIC 21 Levies

       
   

*

Annual Improvements 2010-2012 Cycle

       
     

-

Accounting for Contingent Consideration in a Business Combination - Amendment to IFRS 31

         
     

-

Short-term Receivables and Payables - Amendment to IFRS 13

         
   

 

1  Effective from July 1, 2014

       
   

The principal effects of adopting these new and revised IFRSs are as follows:

     

F-18


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.2

Changes in accounting policies and disclosures (Continued)

     
   

Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Amendments to IAS 32

     
   

These amendments clarify the meaning of "currently has a legally enforceable right to set-off" and the criteria for non-simultaneous settlement mechanisms of clearing houses to qualify for offsetting and are applied retrospectively. These amendments have no impact on the Group.

     
   

IFRIC 21 Levies

     
   

IFRIC 21 clarifies that an entity recognizes a liability for a levy when the activity that triggers payment, as identified by the relevant legislation, occurs. For a levy that is triggered upon reaching a minimum threshold, the interpretation clarifies that no liability should be anticipated before the specified minimum threshold is reached. Retrospective application is required for IFRIC 21. The adoption of IFRIC 21 Levies has no impact on the Group.

     
   

Annual Improvements 2010-2012 Cycle

   

The IFRS 3 Amendment clarifies that contingent consideration arrangements arising from a business combination that are not classified as equity should be subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss whether or not they fall within the scope of IFRS 9 or IAS 39. The amendment has had no impact on the Group.

     
   

The IFRS 13 Amendment clarifies that short-term receivables and payables with no stated interest rates can be measured at invoice amounts when the effect of discounting is immaterial. The amendment has had no impact on the Group.

     

F-19


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.3

Issued but not yet effective financial reporting standards and new disclosure requirements under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance not yet adopted

     
   

The Group has not applied the new and revised IFRSs that have been issued but are not yet effective up to the date of issuance of the Group's financial statements. The Group intends to adopt these standards, if applicable, when they become effective.

     
   

In addition, the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance (Cap. 622) will affect the presentation and disclosure of certain information in the consolidation financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2015. The Group is in the process of making an assessment of the impact of these changes.

     
   

The information about those IFRSs that are expected to be applicable to the Group is as follows:

   

Amendments to IAS 1 Disclosure Initiative

     
   

Amendments to IAS 1 include narrow-focus improvements in respect of the presentation and disclosure in financial statements in five areas, including materiality, disaggregation and subtotals, notes structure, disclosure of accounting policies and presentation of items of other comprehensive income arising from equity accounted investments.

     
   

The amendments further encourage entities to apply professional judgement in determining what information to disclose and how to structure the disclosure in the financial statements. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016.

     
   

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments

     
   

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final version of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments which reflects all phases of the financial instruments project and replaces IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and all previous versions of IFRS 9. The standard introduces new requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, and hedge accounting. IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early application permitted. Retrospective application is required, but comparative information is not compulsory. Early application of previous versions of IFRS 9 (2009, 2010 and 2013) is permitted if the date of initial application is before February 1, 2015. The adoption of IFRS 9 will have an effect on the classification and measurement of the Group's financial assets, but no impact on the classification and measurement of the Group's financial liabilities.

     

F-20


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.3

Issued but not yet effective financial reporting standards and new disclosure requirements under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance not yet adopted (Continued)

     
   

Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 (2011)

     
   

The amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 (2011) address an inconsistency between the requirements in IFRS 10 and in IAS 28 (2011) in dealing with the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture. The amendments require a full recognition of a gain or loss when the sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture constitutes a business. For a transaction involving assets that do not constitute a business, a gain or loss resulting from the transaction is recognize in the investor's profit or loss only to the extent of the unrelated investor's interest in that associate or joint venture. The amendments are to be applied prospectively. The Group expects to adopt the amendments from January 1, 2016.

     
   

Amendments to IAS 19 Defined Benefit Plans: Employee Contributions

     
   

IAS 19 requires an entity to consider contributions from employees or third parties when accounting for defined benefit plans. Where the contributions are linked to service, they should be attributed to periods of service as a negative benefit. These amendments clarify that, if the amount of the contributions is independent of the number of years of service, an entity is permitted to recognize such contributions as a reduction in the service cost in the period in which the service is rendered, instead of allocating the contributions to the periods of service. This amendment is effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014. It is not expected that this amendment would be relevant to the Group, since none of the entities within the Group has defined benefit plans with contributions from employees or third parties.

     
   

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

     
   

IFRS 15 was issued in May 2014 and establishes a new five-step model that will apply to revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under IFRS 15 revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. The principles in IFRS 15 provide a more structured approach to measuring and recognising revenue.

     
   

The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all current revenue recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is required for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017 with early adoption permitted. The Group is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 15 and plans to adopt the new standard on the required effective date.

     

F-21


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.3

Issued but not yet effective financial reporting standards and new disclosure requirements under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance not yet adopted (Continued)

     
   

Amendments to IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements: Accounting for Acquisitions of Interests

     
   

The amendments to IFRS 11 require that a joint operator accounting for the acquisition of an interest in a joint operation, in which the activity of the joint operation constitutes a business must apply the relevant IFRS 3 principles for business combinations accounting. The amendments also clarify that a previously held interest in a joint operation is not remeasured on the acquisition of an additional interest in the same joint operation while joint control is retained. In addition, a scope exclusion has been added to IFRS 11 to specify that the amendments do not apply when the parties sharing joint control, including the reporting entity, are under common control of the same ultimate controlling party.

     
   

The amendments apply to both the acquisition of the initial interest in a joint operation and the acquisition of any additional interests in the same joint operation and are prospectively effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are not expected to have any impact to the Group.

     
   

Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38 Clarification of Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and Amortisation

     
   

The amendments clarify the principle in IAS 16 and IAS 38 that revenue reflects a pattern of economic benefits that are generated from operating a business (of which the asset is part) rather than the economic benefits that are consumed through use of the asset. As a result, a revenue-based method cannot be used to depreciate property, plant and equipment and may only be used in very limited circumstances to amortise intangible assets. The amendments are effective prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are not expected to have any impact to the Group given that the Group has not used a revenue-based method to depreciate its non-current assets.

     

F-22


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.3

Issued but not yet effective financial reporting standards and new disclosure requirements under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance not yet adopted (Continued)

     
   

Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 41 Agriculture: Bearer Plants

     
   

The amendments change the accounting requirements for biological assets that meet the definition of bearer plants. Under the amendments, biological assets that meet the definition of bearer plants will no longer be within the scope of IAS 41. Instead, IAS 16 will apply. After initial recognition, bearer plants will be measured under IAS 16 at accumulated cost (before maturity) and using either the cost model or revaluation model (after maturity). The amendments also require that produce that grows on bearer plants will remain in the scope of IAS 41 measured at fair value less costs to sell. For government grants related to bearer plants, IAS 20 Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance will apply. The amendments are retrospectively effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are not expected to have any impact to the Group as the Group does not have any bearer plants.

     
   

Amendments to IAS 27 Equity Method in Separate Financial Statements

     
   

The amendments will allow entities to use the equity method to account for investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates in their separate financial statements. Entities already applying IFRS and electing to change to the equity method in its separate financial statements will have to apply that change retrospectively. For first-time adopters of IFRS electing to use the equity method in its separate financial statements, they will be required to apply this method from the date of transition to IFRS. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments will not have any impact on the Group's consolidated financial statements.

     

F-23


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.3

Issued but not yet effective financial reporting standards and new disclosure requirements under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance not yet adopted (Continued)

     
   

Annual improvements 2010-2012 Cycle

     
   

These improvements are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 and are not expected to have a material impact on the Group. They include:

     
   

IFRS 8 Operating Segments

     
   

The amendments are applied retrospectively and clarify that:

     
   

*

An entity must disclose the judgements made by management in applying the aggregation criteria in paragraph 12 of IFRS 8, including a brief description of operating segments that have been aggregated and the economic characteristics (e.g., sales and gross margins) used to assess whether the segments are "similar";

       
   

*

The reconciliation of segment assets to total assets is only required to be disclosed if the reconciliation is reported to the chief operating decision maker, similar to the required disclosure for segment liabilities.

       
   

IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment and IAS 38 Intangible Assets

     
   

The amendment is applied retrospectively and clarifies in IAS 16 and IAS 38 that the asset may be revalued by reference to observable data on either the gross or the net carrying amount. In addition, the accumulated depreciation or amortisation is the difference between the gross and carrying amounts of the asset.

     
   

IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures

     
   

The amendment is applied retrospectively and clarifies that a management entity (an entity that provides key management personnel services) is a related party subject to the related party disclosures. In addition, an entity that uses a management entity is required to disclose the expenses incurred for management services.

     

F-24


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.3

Issued but not yet effective financial reporting standards and new disclosure requirements under the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance not yet adopted (Continued)

     
   

Annual improvements 2011-2013 Cycle

     
   

These improvements are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014. They include:

     
   

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement

     
   

The amendment is applied prospectively and clarifies that the portfolio exception in IFRS 13 can be applied not only to financial assets and financial liabilities, but also to other contracts within the scope of IFRS 9 (or IAS 39, as applicable). The amendment is not expected to have any impact to the Group.

     
   

IAS 40 Investment Property

     
   

The description of ancillary services in IAS 40 differentiates between investment property and owner-occupied property (i.e., property, plant and equipment). The amendment is applied prospectively and clarifies that IFRS 3, and not the description of ancillary services in IAS 40, is used to determine if the transaction is the purchase of an asset or business combination. The amendment is not expected to have any impact to the Group.

     

F-25


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation

     
   

The consolidated financial statements comprise of the financial statements of the Company and all of its subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2014. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Specifically, the Group controls an investee if and only if the Group has:

     
   

*

Power over the investee (i.e. existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee);

       
   

*

Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and

       
   

*

The ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns.

       
   

Generally, there is a presumption that a majority of voting rights result in control. To support this presumption and when the Group has less than a majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee, the Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether it has power over an investee, including:

       
   

*

The contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee;

       
   

*

Rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and

       
   

*

The Group's voting rights and potential voting rights.

       
   

The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Group obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Group loses control of the subsidiary. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the statement of comprehensive income from the date the Group gains control until the date the Group ceases to control the subsidiary.

     

F-26


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income ("OCI") are attributed to the equity holders of the parent of the Group and to the non-controlling interests, even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with the Group's accounting policies. All intra-group assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in full on consolidation.

     
   

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a loss of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction. If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it:

     
   

*

Derecognizes the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary;

       
   

*

Derecognizes the carrying amount of any non-controlling interests;

       
   

*

Derecognizes the cumulative translation differences recorded in equity;

       
   

*

Recognizes the fair value of the consideration received;

       
   

*

Recognizes the fair value of any investment retained;

       
   

*

Recognizes any surplus or deficit in profit or loss; and

       
   

*

Reclassifies the parent's share of components previously recognized in OCI to profit or loss or retained earnings, as appropriate, as would be required if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities.

       
   

(a)

Merger accounting for business combinations under common control

       
     

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the combining entities or businesses in which the common control combination occurs as if they had been combined from the date when the combining entities or businesses first came under the control of the controlling party.

       
     

The net assets of the combining entities or businesses are combined using the existing book values from the controlling parties' perspective. No amount is recognized in consideration for goodwill or excess of the acquirers' interest in the net fair value of the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over cost at the time of the common control combination, to the extent of the continuation of the controlling party's interest.

       

F-27


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Merger accounting for business combinations under common control (Continued)

     
     

The consolidated statement of comprehensive income includes the results of each of the combining entities or businesses from the earliest date presented or since the date when the combining entities or businesses first came under common control, where this is a shorter period, regardless of the date of the common control combination.

       
     

Transaction costs, including professional fees, registration fees, costs of furnishing information to shareholders, costs or losses incurred in combining operations of the previously separate businesses etc., incurred in relation to the common control combination that is to be accounted for by using merger accounting are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

       
   

(b)

Acquisition method of accounting for other business combinations

       
     

The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group, other than common control combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair values of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. On an acquisition-by-acquisition basis, the Group recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the recognized amounts of the acquiree's identifiable net assets. The excess of the consideration transferred, the amount recognized for non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If this is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired in the case of a bargain purchase, the difference is recognized directly in profit or loss.

       
     

If the business combination is achieved in stages through multiple transactions, the previously held equity interest is remeasured at its acquisition date fair value and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss.

       

F-28


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries

       
     

A subsidiary is an entity, directly or indirectly, controlled by the Company. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee (i.e., existing rights that give the Group the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee).

       
     

When the Company has, directly or indirectly, less than a majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee, the Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether it has power over an investee, including:

       
     

(a)

the contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee;

         
     

(b)

rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and

         
     

(c)

the Group's voting rights and potential voting rights.

         
     

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases.

       
     

Inter-company transactions, balances, income and expenses on transactions between group companies are eliminated. Profits and losses resulting from inter-company transactions that are recognized in assets are also eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary in the consolidated financial statements to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

       
     

In the Company's statement of financial position, as permitted under IFRS 1, the investments in subsidiaries acquired prior to January 1 2008, being the date of transition to IFRS, are stated at deemed cost as required under the previously adopted accounting standards. Subsidiaries acquired after that date that are not classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations are stated at cost less provision for impairment losses. The results of subsidiaries are accounted for by the Company on the basis of dividends received and receivable.

       
     

When the Company loses control of a subsidiary in multiple arrangements (transactions), which indicate that the multiple arrangements is a single transaction, the multiple arrangements are accounted for as a single transaction.

       

F-29


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

The following is a list of principal subsidiaries as at December 31, 2014:

       
     

Name

Place of
establishment
and operation

Legal status

Registered and
paid-in capital

Business nature and
scope of operations

Effective equity
interest held

               


               

2013

2014

     


                   
     

Baotou Aluminum (Note (i))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

1,668,980

Manufacture and distribution
    of primary aluminum,
    aluminum alloy and
    carbon products

100%

100%

                   
     

China Aluminum International
    Trading Co., Ltd.
    ("Chalco Trading")
    ()
    (Note (ii))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

Registered capital 1,500,000
Paid-in capital
1,731,111

Import and export activities

100%

100%

                   
     

Shanxi Huasheng Aluminum
    Co., Ltd. ("Shanxi Huasheng")
    ()

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

1,000,000

Manufacture and distribution
    of primary aluminum,
    aluminum alloy and
    carbon-related products

51%

51%

                   
     

Shanxi Huaze

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

1,500,000

Manufacture and distribution
    of primary aluminum and
     anode carbon products
    and electricity generation
     and supply

60%

60%

                   
     

Fushun Aluminum Co., Ltd.
    ("Fushun Aluminum")
    ()
    (Note (iii))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

1,430,000

Aluminum smelting, manufacture and distribution of nonferrous metals

100%

100%

                   
     

Zunyi Aluminum Co., Ltd.
    ()

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

802,620

Manufacture and distribution
    of primary aluminum

62.10%

62.10%

                   
     

Zunyi Alumina

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

1,400,000

Manufacture and distribution
    of alumina

73.28%

73.28%

     


F-30


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

The following is a list of principal subsidiaries: (Continued)

       
     

Name

Place of
establishment
and operation

Legal status

Registered and
paid-in capital

Business nature and
scope of operations

Effective equity
interest held

               


               

2013

2014

     


                   
     

Shandong Huayu Aluminum and
    Power Co., Ltd.
    ("Shandong Huayu")
    ()

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

1,627,697

Manufacture and distribution
     of primary aluminum

55%

55%

                   
     

Gansu Hualu Aluminum Co., Ltd.
    ()

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

529,240

Manufacture and distribution
     of primary aluminum

51%

51%

                   
     

Chalco Hong Kong Ltd.
    ("Chalco Hong Kong")
    ()

Hong Kong

Limited liability company

HKD 849,940
thousand

Overseas investments, import
     and export activities

100%

100%

                   
     

Chalco Mining Co., Ltd.
    ()

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

760,000

Manufacture, acquisition and
    distribution of bauxite
    mines, limestone ore,
    aluminum magnesium
    ore and related
    nonferrous metal
    products

100%

100%

                   
     

Shanxi Huaxing Alumina Co., Ltd.
    ("Shanxi Huaxing")
    ()     
    (Note (iv))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

Registered capital 1,850,000 Paid-in
capital 1,532,000

Manufacture and distribution
    of alumina

100%

60%

                   
     

Gansu Huayang Mining
    Development Co., Ltd.
     ()

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

16,670

Manufacture and distribution
    of coal and other
    mineral products

70%

70%

                   
     

Chalco Energy Co., Ltd.
    ("Chalco Energy")
     ()
    (Note (v))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

Registered capital 539,993 Paid-in
capital 819,993

Thermoelectricity supply and
    investment management

100%

100%

                   
     

Ningxia Energy

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

5,025,800

Thermal power, wind power
    and solar power
    generation, coal mining,
    and power related
    equipment manufacturing

70.82%

70.82%

                   
     

Guizhou Huajin Aluminum Co., Ltd.
     ("Guizhou Huajin")
    ()
    (Note (vi))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

Registered capital 1,000,000 Paid-in
capital 720,478

Manufacture and distribution
    of alumina

-

60%

                   
     

Chalco Hong Kong Investment
    Company Limited

Hong Kong

Limited liability company

USD1

Bond issuance

100%

100%

                   
     

Yinxing Energy (Note (vii))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited company

541,633

Operation of wind power,
    Design, manufacture and
    distribution of wind
    power and solar power
    equipment

19.84%

37.47%

     


F-31


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

Note:

 
         
     

(i)

In June and November 2014, the Company made capital injections of RMB400 million and RMB225 million in cash in Baotou Aluminum, respectively.

         
     

(ii)

In June 2014, the Company made a capital injection of RMB80 million by transferring 40% equity interest in Chalco Nanhai Alloy Co., Ltd ("Nanhai Alloy") (), a subsidiary of the Company, to Chalco Trading. In September 2014, the Company made an additional capital injection by transferring 100% equity interest in Chalco Material Supply and Marketing Co., Ltd* (), a subsidiary of the Company, to Chalco Trading, which led to the increase of RMB151 million of paid-in capital of Chalco Trading.

         
     

(iii)

In April 2014, the Company made a capital injection of RMB290 million by converting debt to equity in Fushun Aluminium.

         
     

(iv)

In September 2014, the Company transferred 40% equity interest in Shanxi Huaxing to Chalco Hong Kong at consideration of RMB1,531 million. In November 2014, Chalco Hong Kong made a capital injection of RMB212 million in cash in Shanxi Huaxing.

         
     

(v)

In December 2014, the Company made a capital injection of RMB263 million by transferring 100% equity interest in Shanxi Huayu Energy Investment Co., Ltd.*() to Chalco Energy.

         
     

(vi)

In July 2014, Guizhou Huajin was established pursuant to an investment agreement ("the Agreement") signed between the Company and a third party, Hangzhou Jinjiang Group Co., Ltd.*(). According to the Agreement, the Company shall be obliged to make capital injection amounting to RMB600 million in cash and hold 60% equity interest in Guizhou Huajin. As at December 31, 2014, the Company has made a capital injection of RMB421 million and legally owned 60% equity interest in Guizhou Huajin according to the articles of association. Management expected that the Company would fulfill its remaining capital injection obligation amounting to RMB179 million in the year of 2015.

         
     

(vii)

As at December 31, 2014, the fair value of the investment in Yinxing Energy, a listed subsidiary of the Group, is RMB 2,181 million.

         
       

*

The English names represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

F-32


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

Details of the Group's subsidiaries that have material non-controlling interests are set out below:

       
       

2013

2014

     


           
     

Percentage of equity and voting rights interest held by non-controlling interests:

   
           
     

Ningxia Energy

29.18%

29.18%

     

Shandong Huayu

45%

45%

           
     

Profit/(loss) for the year allocated to non-controlling interests:

   
           
     

Ningxia Energy

23,973

(550,825)

     

Shandong Huayu

16,140

(19,940)

           
     

Dividends paid to non-controlling interests:

   
           
     

Ningxia Energy

12,280

64,553

           
     

Accumulated balances of non-controlling interests at December 31:

   
           
     

Ningxia Energy

3,766,398

3,572,917

     

Shandong Huayu

786,992

766,693

           

F-33


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

The following tables illustrate the summarised financial information of the above subsidiaries. The amounts disclosed are before any inter-company eliminations:

       
       

Ningxia Energy*

Shandong Huayu

     


           
     

2013**

   
     

Revenue

4,540,160

2,897,899

     

Total expenses

(4,243,016)

(2,862,033)

     

Profit for the year

297,144

35,866

     

Total comprehensive income for the year

297,144

35,866

           
     

Current assets

4,415,582

416,976

     

Non-current assets

29,782,063

2,574,371

     

Current liabilities

(6,419,782)

(1,242,475)

     

Non-current liabilities

(17,156,067)

-

           
     

Net cash flows from operating activities

2,373,778

336,008

     

Net cash flows used in investing activities

(2,531,880)

(19,593)

     

Net cash flows used in financing activities

(829,365)

(371,895)

           
     

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

(987,467)

(55,480)

           

F-34


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
       

Ningxia Energy*

Shandong Huayu

     


           
     

2014

   
     

Revenue

4,676,461

2,644,227

     

Total expenses

(6,366,978)

(2,688,539)

     

Loss for the year

(1,690,517)

(44,312)

     

Total comprehensive loss for the year

(1,690,517)

(44,312)

           
     

Current assets

4,052,484

584,375

     

Non-current assets

29,611,512

2,480,330

     

Current liabilities

(6,952,449)

(1,372,077)

     

Non-current liabilities

(17,417,698)

(385)

           
     

Net cash flows from operating activities

2,004,293

589,152

     

Net cash flows used in investing activities

(1,974,851)

(71,158)

     

Net cash flows from/(used in) financing activities

76,614

(435,946)

           
     

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

106,141

82,048

           
     

*

These numbers for the profit, total expenses, profit for the year, total comprehensive income and cash flows of 2013 represent the activities in the period from the acquisition date of January 23, 2013 to December 31, 2013 in Ningxia Energy.

         
     

**

To conform with the current year's presentation, Shanxi Huaze, which was recognized as a subsidiary with material non-controlling interests in 2013 was not included in this list.

         
   

(d)

Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries without change of control

       
     

Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions - that is, as transactions with the owners in their capacity as owners. The difference between fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity.

       

F-35


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(e)

Investments in joint ventures and associates

       
     

A joint venture is a type of joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the joint venture. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control.

       
     

An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but is not control or joint control over those policies.

       
     

The considerations made in determining significant influence or joint control are similar to those necessary to determine control over subsidiaries.

       
     

The Group's investments in associates and joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.

       
     

Under the equity method, the investment in an associate or a joint venture is initially recognized at cost. The carrying amount of the investment is adjusted to recognize changes in the Group's share of net assets of the associate or joint venture since the acquisition date. Goodwill relating to the associate or joint venture is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is neither amortised nor individually tested for impairment.

       
     

The statement of comprehensive income reflects the Group's share of the results of operations of the associate or joint venture. Any change in OCI of those investees is presented as part of the Group's OCI. In addition, when there has been a change recognized directly in the equity of the associate or joint venture, the Group recognizes its share of any changes, when applicable, in the statement of changes in equity. Unrealised gains and losses resulting from transactions between the Group and the associate or joint venture are eliminated to the extent of the interest in the associate or joint venture.

       
     

The aggregate of the Group's share of profit or loss of an associate and a joint venture is shown on the face of the statement of comprehensive income outside operating profit and represents profit or loss after tax and non-controlling interests in the subsidiaries of the associate or joint venture.

       

F-36


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.4

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(e)

Investments in joint ventures and associates (Continued)

       
     

The financial statements of the associate or joint venture are prepared for the same reporting period as the Group. When necessary, adjustments are made to bring the accounting policies in line with those of the Group.

       
     

After application of the equity method, the Group determines whether it is necessary to recognize an impairment loss on its investment in its associate or joint venture. At each reporting date, the Group determines whether there is objective evidence that the investment in the associate or joint venture is impaired. If there is such evidence, the Group calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the associate or joint venture and its carrying value, then recognizes the loss as "Share of profit of an associate and a joint venture" in the statement of comprehensive income.

       
     

If an investment in an associate becomes an investment in a joint venture or vice versa, the retained interest is not remeasured. Instead, the investment continues to be accounted for under the equity method. In all other cases, upon loss of significant influence over the associate or joint control over the joint venture, the Group measures and recognizes any retained investment at its fair value. Any difference between the carrying amount of the associate or joint venture upon loss of significant influence or joint control and the fair value of the retained investment and the proceeds from disposal is recognized in profit or loss.

       
     

The Company's investments in associates and joint ventures are classified as non-current assets and are stated at cost less any impairment losses. The results of associates and joint ventures are included in the Company's statement of profit or loss to the extent of dividends received and receivable.

       
     

When an investment in an associate or a joint venture is classified as held for sale, it is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 5.

       
 

2.5

Segment reporting

     
   

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-makers, who are responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, have been identified as the presidents of the Company that make strategic decisions.

     

F-37


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.6

Related parties

       
   

A party is considered to be related to the Group if:

       
   

(a)

the party is a person or a close member of that person's family and that person:

       
     

(i)

has control or joint control over the Group;

         
     

(ii)

has a significant influence over the Group; or

         
     

(iii)

is a member of the key management personnel of the Group or of a parent of the Group;

         
   

or

   
         
   

(b)

the party is an entity where any of the following conditions applies:

         
     

(i)

the entity and the Group are members of the same group;

         
     

(ii)

one entity is an associate or joint venture of the other entity (or of a parent, subsidiary or fellow subsidiary of the other entity);

         
     

(iii)

the entity and the Group are joint ventures of the same third party;

         
     

(iv)

one entity is a joint venture of a third entity and the other entity is an associate of the third entity;

         
     

(v)

the entity is a post-employment benefit plan for the benefit of employees of either the Group or an entity related to the Group;

         
     

(vi)

the entity is controlled or jointly controlled by a person identified in (a); and

         
     

(vii)

a person identified in (a) (i) has significant influence over the entity or is a member of the key management personnel of the entity (or of a parent of the entity).

         
 

2.7

Fair value measurement

     
   

The Group measures its derivative financial instruments and available-for-sale financial investments at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Also, fair values of financial instruments measured at amortised cost are disclosed in note 3.

     
   

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

     

F-38


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.7

Fair value measurement (Continued)

     
   

*

In the principal market for the asset or liability; or

       
   

*

In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

       
   

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Group. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

     
   

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

     
   

The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

     
   

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

     
   

Level 1

-

Based on quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

         
   

Level 2

-

Based on valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

         
   

Level 3

-

Based on valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

         
   

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Group determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

     

F-39


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.8

Foreign currency translation

       
   

(a)

Functional and presentation currency

       
     

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group's entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the "functional currency"). The consolidated financial statements are presented in RMB, which is the Company's functional currency and the Group's presentation currency.

       
   

(b)

Currency Translation for Financial Statements Presentation

       
     

Translations of amounts from RMB into US$ for the convenience of the reader have been calculated at the exchange rate of RMB6.2046 per US$1.00 on December 31, 2014, the last business day in fiscal year 2014, as published on the website of the United States Federal Reserve Board. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at such rate.

       
   

(c)

Transactions and balances

       
     

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in profit or loss.

       
     

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the statement of comprehensive income within "finance costs, net". All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in "other (losses) gains, net" in profit or loss.

       
     

Translation differences on non-monetary financial assets and liabilities such as equities held at fair value through profit or loss are recognized in profit or loss as part of the fair value gain or loss.

       

F-40


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.8

Foreign currency translation (Continued)

       
   

(d)

Group companies

       
     

The results and financial positions of all the group entities (none of which has the currency of a hyper-inflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

       
     

(i)

assets and liabilities in each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rates at the end of the reporting period;

         
     

(ii)

income and expenses in each statement of comprehensive income are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rates at the dates of the transactions); and

         
     

(iii)

all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income. Upon disposal of a foreign operation, the other comprehensive income related to the foreign operation is reclassified to profit or loss.

         
     

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated at the closing rate. Exchange differences arising are recognized in other comprehensive income.

       

F-41


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.9

Property, plant and equipment (including construction in progress)

     
   

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any replaced parts is derecognized. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the financial period in which they are incurred.

     
   

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their costs over their estimated useful lives down to their residual values, as follows:

     
   

Buildings

8 - 45 years

   

Machinery

3 - 30 years

   

Transportation facilities

6 - 10 years

   

Office and other equipment

3 - 10 years

   

The assets' depreciation method, residual values and useful lives are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.

     
   

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized within "other (losses) gains, net" in profit or loss.

     
   

Construction in progress ("CIP") represents buildings under construction, and plant and equipment pending for installation, and is stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Cost comprises construction expenditures, other expenditures necessary for the purpose of preparing the CIP for its intended use and those borrowing costs incurred before the assets are ready for their intended use that are eligible for capitalisation. CIP is transferred to property, plant and equipment when the CIP is ready for its intended use.

     

F-42


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.10

Intangible assets

     
   

(a)

Goodwill

       
     

Goodwill arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures and represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the Group's share of the net identifiable assets of the acquiree at the date of acquisition.

       
     

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to each of the cash-generating units, or groups of cash-generating units, that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. Each unit or group of units to which the goodwill is allocated represents the lowest level within the entity at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. Goodwill is monitored at the operating segment level.

       
     

Goodwill impairment reviews are undertaken annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment. The carrying value of goodwill is compared to the recoverable amount, which is the higher of value in use and the fair value less costs of disposal. Any impairment is recognized immediately as an expense and is not subsequently reversed.

       
   

(b)

Mining rights and mineral exploration rights

       
     

The Group's mineral exploration rights and mining rights relate to coal, bauxite and other mines.

       
     

(i)

Recognition

         
       

Mineral exploration rights and mining rights are initially recorded at the cost which includes the acquisition consideration, qualifying exploration and other direct costs. The mineral exploration rights are stated at cost less any impairment, and the mining rights are stated at cost less any amortisation and impairment.

         

F-43


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.10

Intangible assets (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Mining rights and mineral exploration rights (Continued)

       
     

(ii)

Reclassification

         
       

Mineral exploration rights are converted to mining rights when technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource are demonstrable. Mineral exploration rights are subject to amortisation when the mineral exploration rights are converted to mining rights and commercial production has commenced.

         
       

The Group assesses the stage of each mine under construction to determine when a mine moves into the production stage. The criteria used to assess the start date are determined based on the unique nature of each mine construction project. The Group considers various relevant criteria, such as completion of a reasonable period of testing of the mine and equipment, ability to produce in saleable form (within specifications) and ability to sustain ongoing production to assess when a mine is substantially complete and ready for its intended use.

         
     

(iii)

Amortisation

         
       

Amortisation of bauxite and other mining rights (except for coal mining rights) is provided on a straight-line basis according to the shorter of the expiration date of the mining certificate and the mineable period of natural resources. Estimated mineable periods of the majority of the mining rights range from 3 to 30 years.

         
       

Coal mining rights are amortised on a unit-of-production basis over the economically recoverable reserves evaluated based on the reserves estimated in accordance with the standards in the Solid Mineral Resource/Reserve Classification of the PRC (GB/T17766-1999) of the mine concerned.

         
     

(iv)

Impairment

         
       

An impairment review is performed when there are indicators that the carrying amount of the mineral exploration rights and mining rights may exceed their recoverable amounts. To the extent that this occurs, the excess is fully provided as impairment loss.

         
   

(c)

Computer software

       
     

Acquired computer software licenses are capitalised on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and bring to use the specific software. These costs are amortised over their estimated useful lives, which do not exceed 10 years. Costs associated with maintaining computer software programmes are recognized as an expense as incurred.

       

F-44


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.10

Intangible assets (Continued)

     
   

(d)

Periodic review of the useful life and amortisation method

       
     

For intangible assets with finite useful life, the estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed annually at the end of each reporting period and adjusted when necessary.

       
 

2.11

Research and development costs

     
   

Research and development expenditures are classified as research expenditures and development expenditures according to the nature of the expenditures and whether there is significant uncertainty of development activities transforming to assets.

     
   

Research expenditures are recognized in profit or loss for the current period. Development expenditures are recognized as assets when all of the following criteria are met:

     
   

(i)

it is technically feasible to complete the asset so that it will be available for use or sale;

       
   

(ii)

management intends to complete the asset and intends and has the ability to use or sell it;

       
   

(iii)

it can be demonstrated that the asset will generate probable future economic benefits;

       
   

(iv)

there are adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development of the asset and management has the ability to use or sell the asset; and

       
   

(v)

the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development phase can be reliably measured.

       
   

Development expenditures that do not meet the criteria above are recorded in profit or loss for the current period as incurred. Development expenditures that have been recorded in profit or loss in previous periods will be not recognized as assets in subsequent periods. Capitalised development expenditures are included in property, plant and equipment and intangible assets as appropriate according to their natures.

     

F-45


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.12

Impairment of non-financial assets

     
   

Where an indication of impairment exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required (for example goodwill or intangible assets not ready to use), the asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of the asset's or cash-generating unit's value in use and its fair value less costs of disposal, and is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets, in which case the recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

     
   

An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. An impairment loss is charged to the statement of profit or loss in the period in which it arises in those expense categories consistent with the function of the impaired asset.

     
   

An assessment is made at the end of each reporting period as to whether there is an indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such an indication exists, the recoverable amount is estimated. A previously recognized impairment loss of an asset other than goodwill is reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount of that asset, but not to an amount higher than the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any depreciation/amortisation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. A reversal of such an impairment loss is credited to the profit or loss in the period in which it arises, unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is accounted for in accordance with the relevant accounting policy for that revalued asset.

     
 

2.13

Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale

     
   

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sales transaction rather than through continuing use. For this to be the case, the asset or disposal group must be available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for the sale of such assets or disposal groups and its sale must be highly probable. All assets and liabilities of a subsidiary classified as a disposal group are reclassified as held for sale regardless of whether the Group retains a non-controlling interest in its former subsidiary after the sale.

     
   

Non-current assets and disposal groups (other than financial assets) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amounts and fair values less costs to sell. Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

     

F-46


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.14

Financial assets

     
   

(a)

Classification

       
     

The Group classifies its financial assets in the following categories: at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables and available-for-sale financial investments. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition.

       
     

(i)

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

         
       

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets held for trading. A financial asset is classified in this category if acquired principally for the purpose of selling in the short term. Derivatives are also categorised as held for trading unless they are designated as hedges. Assets in this category are classified as current assets if they are expected to be settled within 12 months; otherwise, they are classified as non-current.

         
     

(ii)

Loans and receivables

         
       

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current assets, except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the end of the reporting period, which are classified as non-current assets.

         
     

(iii)

Available-for-sale financial investments

         
       

Available-for-sale financial investments are non-derivative financial assets in listed and unlisted equity investments and debt securities. Equity investments classified as available for sale are those which are neither classified as held for trading nor designated as at fair value through profit or loss. Debt securities in this category are those which are intended to be held for an indefinite period of time and which may be sold in response to needs for liquidity or in response to changes in market conditions.

         

F-47


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.14

Financial assets (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Recognition and measurement

       
     

Regular purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the trade date, that is the date that the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset. Investments are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs, except in the case of financial assets recorded at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in profit or loss. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the investments have expired or have been transferred and the Group has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. Available-for-sale financial investments and financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are subsequently carried at fair value. Loans and receivables are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

       
     

When the fair value of unlisted equity investments cannot be reliably measured because (a) the variability in the range of reasonable fair value estimates is significant for that investment or (b) the probabilities of the various estimates within the range cannot be reasonably assessed and used in estimating fair value, such investments are stated at cost less any impairment losses.

       
     

Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of the "financial assets at fair value through profit or loss" category are presented in profit or loss within "other (losses) gains, net" in the period in which they arise. Dividend income from financial assets at fair value through profit or loss is recognized in profit or loss as part of other income when the Group's right to receive payments is established.

       
     

Changes in the fair value of monetary and non-monetary securities classified as available-for-sale financial investments are recognized in other comprehensive income.

       
     

When securities classified as available-for-sale financial investments are sold or impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments recognized in equity are included in profit or loss as "other (losses) gains, net".

       
     

Interest on available-for-sale securities calculated using the effective interest method is recognized in profit or loss as part of other income. Dividends on available-for-sale equity instruments are recognized in profit or loss as "other income" when the Group's right to receive payments is established.

F-48


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.14

Financial assets (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Derecognition of financial assets

       
     

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from the Group's consolidated statement of financial position) when:

       
     

*

the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; or

         
     

*

the Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a "pass-through" arrangement; and either (a) the Group has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Group has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

         
     

When the Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risk and rewards of ownership of the asset. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control of the asset, the Group continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Group's continuing involvement. In that case, the Group also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Group has retained.

       
     

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Group could be required to repay.

       

F-49


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.14

Financial assets (Continued)

     
   

(d)

Impairment of financial assets

       
     

The Group assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. In the case of equity investments classified as available-for-sale financial investments, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is considered as an indicator that the securities are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial investments, the cumulative loss - measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in the statement of profit or loss - is removed from other comprehensive income and recognized in the profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in profit or loss on equity instruments are not reversed through profit or loss.

       
     

The determination of what is "significant" or "prolonged" requires judgement. In making this judgement, the Group evaluates, among other factors, the duration or extent to which the fair value of an investment is less than its cost.

       
     

In the case of debt instruments classified as available for sale, impairment is assessed based on the same criteria as financial assets carried at amortised cost. However, the amount recorded for impairment is the cumulative loss measured as the difference between the amortised cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that investment previously recognized in the profit or loss. Future interest income continues to be accrued based on the reduced carrying amount of the asset and is accrued using the rate of interest used to discount the future cash flows for the purpose of measuring the impairment loss. The interest income is recorded as part of finance income. Impairment losses on debt instruments are reversed through the profit or loss if the subsequent increase in fair value of the instruments can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized in the profit or loss.

       

F-50


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.15

Financial liabilities

     
   

(a)

Initial recognition and measurement

       
     

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.

       
     

All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of loans and borrowings, directly attributable transaction costs.

       
     

The Group's financial liabilities include financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and loans and borrowings.

       
   

(b)

Subsequent measurement

       
     

The subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification as follows:

       
     

Loans and borrowings

       
     

After initial recognition, loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the effective interest rate amortisation process.

       
     

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. The effective interest rate amortisation is included in finance costs in profit or loss.

       
     

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

       
     

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss.

       
     

Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Group that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by IAS 39. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in profit or loss. The net fair value gain or loss recognized in profit or loss does not include any interest charged on these financial liabilities.

       
     

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the date of initial recognition and only if the criteria of IAS 39 are satisfied.

       

F-51


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.15

Financial liabilities (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Derecognition of financial liabilities

       
     

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled, or expires.

       
     

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and a recognition of a new liability, and the difference between the respective carrying amounts is recognized in profit or loss.

       
 

2.16

Offsetting financial instruments

     
   

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement of financial position when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

     
 

2.17

Inventories

     
   

Inventories comprise raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods, spare parts and packaging materials and others, and are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined using the weighted average method. Work-in-progress and finished goods comprise materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of all production overhead expenditure (based on normal operating capacity). Borrowing costs are excluded.

     
   

Provision for impairment of inventories is usually determined by the excess of cost over net realisable value and recorded in profit or loss. Net realisable values are determined based on the estimated selling price less estimated conversion costs, selling expenses and related taxes in the ordinary course of business. Provision for or reversal of provision for impairment of inventories is recognized within "cost of sales" in profit or loss.

     
 

2.18

Trade and notes receivables and other receivables

     
   

Trade and notes receivables and other receivables are amounts due from customers for merchandise sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business. If collection of these receivables is expected in one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer), they are classified as current assets.

     
   

Trade and notes receivables and other receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.

     

F-52


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.19

Cash and cash equivalents

     
   

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks and other short-term highly liquid investments (including time deposits) with original maturities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts, if any, are shown as borrowings in current liabilities in the statement of financial position.

     
   

Time deposits and other cash investments with original maturities of more than three months are excluded from cash and cash equivalents.

     
 

2.20

Government grants

     
   

Government grants are recognized when the Group fulfils the conditions attached to them and there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received. When the government grant is in the form of monetary assets, it is measured at the actual amount received. When the grant is provided based on a pre-determined rate, it is measured at the fair value of the amount receivable.

     
   

Asset-related government grants are recognized when the government document designates that the government grants are used for constructing or forming long-term assets. If the government document is inexplicit, the Company should make a judgement based on the basic conditions to obtain the government grants, and recognizes them as asset-related government grants if the conditions are constructing or forming long-term assets. Otherwise, the government grants should be income-related.

     
   

Asset-related government grants are recognized as deferred income and are amortised evenly in profit or loss over the useful lives of the related assets.

     
   

Income-related government grants that are used to compensate subsequent related expenses or losses of the Group are recognized as deferred income and recorded in profit or loss when the related expenses or losses are incurred. When the grant used to compensate expenses or losses that were already incurred, they are directly recognized in profit or loss for the current period.

     
 

2.21

Trade and notes payables and other payables

     
   

Trade and notes payables and other payables are mainly obligations to pay for goods, equipment or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers and service providers. These payables are classified as current liabilities if they are due within one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer).

     

F-53


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.22

Employee benefits

     
   

Employee benefits mainly include salaries, bonuses, allowances and subsidies, pension insurance, social insurance and housing funds, labour union fees, employees' education fees and other expenses related to the employees for their services. The Group recognizes employee benefits as liabilities during the accounting period when employees rendered the services and allocates the related cost of assets and expenses based on different beneficiaries.

     
   

(a)

Bonus plans

       
     

The expected cost of bonus plan is recognized as a liability when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of services rendered by employees and a reliable estimate of the obligation can be made.

       
   

(b)

Retirement benefit obligations

       
     

The Group primarily pays contributions on a monthly basis to participate in a pension plan organised by relevant municipal and provincial governments in the PRC. In 2014, the Group made monthly contributions at the rate of 20% (2013: 20%) of the qualified employees' basic salaries. The municipal and provincial governments undertake to assume the retirement benefit obligations of all existing and future retired employees payable under these plans. The Group has no legal or constructive obligations for further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefit relating to their current and past services.

       
   

(c)

Other social insurance and housing funds

       
     

The Group provides other social insurance and housing funds to the qualified employees in the PRC based on certain percentages of their salaries. These percentages are not to exceed the upper limits of the percentages prescribed by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the PRC. These benefits are paid to social security organisations and the amounts are expensed as incurred. The Group has no legal or constructive obligations for further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefit relating to their current and past services.

       

F-54


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.22

Employee benefits (Continued)

     
   

(d)

Termination benefit obligations and early retirement benefit obligations

       
     

Termination and early retirement benefit obligations are payable when employment is terminated by the Group before the normal retirement date, or whenever an employee accepts voluntary redundancy and/or early retirement in exchange for these benefits. The Group recognizes termination and early retirement benefit obligations when it is demonstrably committed to either: terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal; or providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy and/or early retirement. The specific terms vary among the terminated and early retired employees depending on various factors including position, length of service and district of the employees concerned. Benefits falling due for more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to their present values.

       

F-55


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.23

Current and deferred income tax

     
   

The income tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred income tax. Share of income tax expense of joint ventures and associates are included in "share of profits of joint ventures and associates". Income tax expense is recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

     
   

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period in the countries where the Company and its subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

     
   

Deferred income tax is recognized using the liability method on temporary differences arising between tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill; the deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

     
   

Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

     
   

Deferred income tax liability is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates, except for deferred income tax liability where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

     
   

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis.

     

F-56


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.24

Perpetual securities

     
   

Perpetual securities are classified as equity if it is non-redeemable, or redeemable only at the issuer's option, and any interests and distributions are discretionary. Interests and distributions on perpetual securities classified as equity are recognized as distributions within equity.

     
 

2.25

Revenue recognition

     
   

The Group recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Group and when specific criteria have been met for each of the Group's activities (see descriptions below).

     
   

(a)

Sales of goods

       
     

Revenue from the sales of goods is recognized when the Group has already transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyers, the Group has retained neither continuing managerial involvement nor control over the goods, it is probable that the economic benefits related to the transaction will flow into the Group, and the revenue and related costs incurred can be measured reliably.

       
     

If the Group is acting solely as an agent, amounts billed to customers are offset against the relevant costs, and the related revenue is reported on a net basis.

       
   

(b)

Rendering of services

       
     

The Group provides machinery processing, transportation and packaging services and other services to third party customers. These services are recognized in the period when the related services are provided.

       
 

2.26

Interest income

     
   

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. When a loan or receivable is impaired, the Group reduces the carrying amount to its recoverable amount, being the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate of the instrument, and continues unwinding the discount as interest income. Interest income on impaired loans and receivables is recognized using the original effective interest rate.

     
 

2.27

Dividend income

     
   

Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established.

     

F-57


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.28

Leases

     
   

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date. The arrangement is assessed for whether fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

     
   

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.

     
   

The Group leases certain leasehold lands and property, plant and equipment. Leasehold lands and property, plant and equipment where the Group has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the lease's commencement at the lower of the fair value of the leased leasehold land and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

     
   

Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance charges. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in other long-term payables. The interest element of the finance costs is charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period. The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life of the asset and the lease term.

     
 

2.29

Borrowing costs

     
   

General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.

     
   

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.

     
   

All other borrowing costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

     

F-58


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

   
 

2.30

Dividend distribution

     
   

Dividend distribution to the Company's shareholders is recognized as a liability in the Group's and Company's financial statements in the period in which the dividends are approved by the Company's shareholders.

     
 

2.31

Provisions

     
   

Provisions for environmental restoration, restructuring costs and legal claims are recognized when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount can be reliably estimated. Restructuring provisions comprise lease termination penalties and employee termination payments. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses.

     
   

Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognized even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.

     
   

Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

     

F-59


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management

     
   

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, including market risk (including foreign currency risk, cash flow and fair value interest rate risk and commodity price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group's overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group's financial performance.

     
   

Risk management is carried out by the treasury management department (the "Group Treasury") under policies approved by the Board of Directors of the Company. Group Treasury identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks through close co-operation with the Group's operating units.

   

(a)

Market risk

       
     

(i)

Foreign currency risk

         
       

Foreign currency risk primarily arises from certain significant foreign currency deposits, trade and notes receivables, trade and notes payables, receivable from a subsidiary of Chinalco due to disposal of an entity in proceeding year and short-term and long-term loans denominated in United States dollars ("USD"), Australian dollars ("AUD"), Euro ("EUR"), Japanese yen ("JPY") and Hong Kong dollars ("HKD"). Related exposures are disclosed in notes 13, 15, 16, 17 and 20 and 24 to the financial statements, respectively. The Group Treasury closely monitors the international foreign currency market on the change of exchange rates and takes these into consideration when investing in foreign currency deposits and borrowing loans. As at December 31, 2014, the Group only has significant exposure to USD.

         
       

RMB is not freely convertible currency and is regulated by the PRC government. Limitation on foreign exchange transaction imposed by the PRC government could cause future exchange rates to vary significantly from current or historical exchange rates.

         
       

As at December 31, 2014, if RMB had strengthened/weakened by 5% against USD with all other variables held constant, net profit for the year would have been approximately RMB238 million (2013: RMB224 million; 2012: RMB205 million) higher/lower, mainly as a result of foreign exchange gains/losses arising from translation of USD-denominated borrowings and receivables. Profit was less sensitive to the fluctuation in RMB/USD exchange rates in 2014 than in 2012 and 2013, mainly due to the decrease in USD denominated borrowings.

         
       

As the assets and liabilities denominated in other foreign currencies other than USD were minimal relative to the total assets and liabilities of the Group, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group was not exposed to any significant foreign currency risk arising from these foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities as at December 31, 2013 and 2014.

         

F-60


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(ii)

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk

         
       

As at December 31, 2014, as the Group has no significant interest-bearing assets except for bank deposits (note 17), entrusted loans (note 16), receivables arising from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets (note 13 and note 16) and a prepayment paid to a supplier (note 13), the Group's income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates.

         
       

Most of the bank deposits are maintained in savings and time deposit accounts in the PRC. The interest rates are regulated by the People's Bank of China and the Group Treasury closely monitors the fluctuation on such rates periodically. The interest rates of entrusted loans and a deposit paid to a supplier are fixed, the interest rate of the receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets to Chinalco is the rate of one-year bank loan determined by People's Bank of China at payment date and the interest rate of the receivables from disposal of an entity to a subsidiary of Chinalco is LIBOR plus 0.9%. As the interest rates applied to the deposits and receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets were relatively low and the interest rates applied to the entrusted loans and a prepayment paid to a supplier were fixed, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group was not exposed to any significant interest rate risk for its financial assets held as at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

         
       

The interest rate risk for the Group's financial liabilities primarily arises from interest-bearing loans. Loans borrowed at floating interest rates expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. The exposures to these risks are disclosed separately in note 20. The Group enters into debt obligations to support general corporate purposes including capital expenditures and working capital needs. The Group Treasury closely monitors market interest rates and maintains a balance between variable rate and fixed rate borrowings in order to reduce the exposures to the interest rate risk described above.

         
       

As at December 31, 2014, if interest rates had been 100 basis points (December 31, 2013, 2012: 100 basis points) higher/lower for bank and other loans borrowed at floating interest rates with all other variables held constant, net profit for the year would have been RMB546 million lower/higher (2013: RMB618 million, 2012: RMB496 million), respectively, mainly as a result of the higher/lower interest expense on floating rate borrowings.

         

F-61


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(ii)

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk (Continued)

         
       

The fair value interest rate risk of the Group mainly arises from long-term bonds, medium-term notes and short-term bonds issued at fixed rates. As the fluctuation of comparable interest rates of corporate bonds with similar terms was relatively low, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group is not exposed to any significant fair value interest rate risk for its fixed interest rate borrowings held as at December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

         
     

(iii)

Commodity price risk

         
       

The Group uses futures and option contracts to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in the price of primary aluminum and other products. The Group uses the futures contract for hedging other than speculation. With reference to the hedging of primary aluminum, production company hedges the output of primary aluminum and trading company hedges the quantities of buyout and self-supporting.

         
       

The Group uses mainly futures contracts and option contracts traded on the Shanghai Futures Exchange and London Metal Exchange ("LME") to hedge against fluctuations in primary aluminum prices. As at December 31, 2014, the fair values of the outstanding futures contracts amounting to RMB121 million (December 31, 2013: RMB0.023 million) and RMB4 million (December 31, 2013: RMB0.207 million) are recognized in financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, respectively. As at December 31, 2014, the fair value of outstanding options contracts amounting to RMB25 million (December 31, 2013: RMB1.74 million) was recognized in financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.

         

F-62


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(iii)

Commodity price risk (Continued)

         
       

A summary of future contacts held as at December 31, 2013 is as follows:

         
         

As at December 31, 2013

         


         

Quantity
(expressed
in tonnes)

Contract
value

Market
value

Contract
maturity

       


                 
       

Primary aluminum:

       
       

    - long position

7,850

109,372

109,643

April-June 2014

       

    - short position

8,875

125,608

124,637

January 2014

       

Copper:

       
       

    - short position

9,275

468,289

471,606

January-April 2014

       

Zinc:

       
       

    - short position

1,300

19,701

19,729

February-March 2014

       

Lead:

       
       

    - short position

80

1,151

1,148

January 2014

       

Silver:

       
       

    - long position

3,900

16,217

16,130

January-June 2014

       

Coal:

       
       

    - short position

18,000

19,427

17,424

January-May 2014

       


                 

F-63


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(iii)

Commodity price risk (Continued)

         
       

A summary of future contacts held as at December 31, 2014 is as follows:

         
         

As at December 31, 2014

         


         

Quantity
(expressed
in tonnes)

Contract
value

Market
value

Contract
maturity

       


                 
       

Primary aluminum:

       
       

    -long position

44,535

600,762

591,871

January-May 2015

       

    -short position

121,860

1,703,565

1,571,999

February-March 2015

       

Copper:

       
       

    -long position

8,900

384,072

379,780

January-March 2015

       

Zinc:

       
       

    -long position

1,000

16,444

16,723

January-May 2015

       

    -short position

460

7,700

7,672

January-May 2015

       

Lead:

       
       

    -short position

25

340

308

January 2015

       

Coal:

       
       

    -long position

90,000

68,568

67,140

September 2015

       

    -short position

52,000

51,148

51,996

January-May 2015

       


                 

F-64


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(iii)

Commodity price risk (Continued)

         
       

As at December 31, 2014, if the commodity futures prices had increased/decreased by 3% (December 31, 2013 and 2012: 3%) and all other variables held constant, profit for the year would have changed by the amounts shown below:

         
         

2012

2013

2014

       


               
       

Primary aluminum

Increase/decrease
RMB 167 million

Decrease/increase
RMB 0.337million

Decrease/increase
RMB22.053million

       

Copper

Increase/decrease
RMB 12 million

Decrease/increase
RMB 10.661 million

Increase/decrease
RMB8.545million

       

Zinc

Decrease/increase
RMB 11 million

Decrease/increase
RMB 0.444 million

Increase/decrease
RMB0.204million

       

Lead

Decrease/increase
RMB 0.5 million

Decrease/increase
RMB 0.026 million

Decrease/increase
RMB0.007million

       

Silver

N/A

Increase/decrease
RMB 0.363million

-

       

Coal

N/A

Decrease/increase
RMB 0.392million

Increase/decrease
RMB0.341million

               
   

(b)

Credit risk

       
     

Credit risk arises from balances with banks and financial institutions, short-term investments, trade and notes receivables, other current and non-current receivables as well as credit exposures of customers, including outstanding receivables and committed transactions. The carrying amounts of short-term investments and these receivables included in notes 11, 13, 15, 16, and 17 represent the Group's maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to its financial assets. The Company also provided financial guarantees to certain subsidiaries and a joint venture. The guarantees to joint ventures and an associate included in note 36 represented the Group's maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to its guarantees.

       
     

The Group maintains substantially all of its bank balances and cash and short-term investments cash in several major state-owned banks in the PRC. With strong support from the PRC government to these state-owned banks, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that there is no significant credit risk on such assets being exposed to losses.

       

F-65


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Credit risk (Continued)

       
     

With regard to receivables, the marketing department assesses the credit quality of the customers and their related parties, taking into account their financial positions, past experience and other factors. The Group performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and believes that adequate provision for impairment of receivables has been made in the financial statements. Management does not expect any further losses from non-performance by these counterparties. The Group holds collateral for some entrusted loans. As at December 31, 2014, the Group has the receivables amounting to RMB12,294 million from Chinalco and its subsidiaries which arose from the disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets in 2013. Chinalco and its subsidiaries have settled the receivables and the related interest thereof in accordance with the payment terms. Therefore, the Group believes that there is no material credit risk related to the above-mentioned receivables.

       
     

For the year ended December 31, 2014, revenues of approximately RMB24,986 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB30,255 million, 2012 from continuing operations: RMB22,541 million) are derived from entities directly or indirectly owned or controlled by the PRC government including Chinalco. There was no other individual customer from whom the Group has derived revenue of more than 10% of the Group's revenue during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, no revenue derived from an individual customer exceeded 10% of the Group's total revenue, and thus, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group was not exposed to any significant concentration of credit risk as at December 31, 2012 , 2013 and 2014.

       
   

(c)

Liquidity risk

       
     

Cash flow forecast is performed in the operating entities of the Group and aggregated by Group Treasury. Group Treasury monitors rolling forecasts of the Group's liquidity requirements to ensure it has sufficient cash to meet operational needs while maintaining sufficient headroom on its undrawn committed borrowing facilities at all times so that the Group does not breach borrowing limits or covenants (where applicable) on any of its borrowing facilities. Such forecast takes into consideration of the Group's debt financing plans, covenant compliance, compliance with internal balance sheet ratio targets and, if applicable, external regulatory or legal requirements, for example, currency restrictions.

       
     

As at December 31, 2014, the Group had total banking facilities of approximately RMB142,051 million of which amounts totalling RMB65,394 million have been utilised as at December 31, 2014. Banking facilities of approximately RMB71,660 million will be subject to renewal during the next 12 months. The directors of the Company are confident that such banking facilities can be renewed upon expiration based on their past experience and good credit standing.

       

F-66


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Liquidity risk (Continued)

       
     

In addition, as at December 31, 2014, the Group had credit facilities through its futures agent at LME amounting to USD120 million (equivalent to RMB734.28 million) (December 31, 2013: USD106 million (equivalent to RMB646.27 million)), of which USD57 million (equivalent to RMB346.09 million) (December 31, 2013: USD12.79 million (equivalent to RMB77.98 million)) has been utilised. The futures agent has the right to adjust the related credit facilities.

       
     

Management also monitors rolling forecasts of the Group's liquidity reserve on the basis of expected cash flows.

       
     

The table below analyses the maturity profile of the Group's financial liabilities as at the end of the reporting period. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows.

       
       

Within
1 year

1 to
2 years

2 to
5 years

Over
5 years

Total

     


                 
     

As at December 31, 2013

         
     

Long-term bank and other loans,
    including current portion (note 20(a))

8,328,722

6,299,854

7,631,946

13,042,818

35,303,340

     

Long-term bonds (note 20(b))

-

-

2,000,000

-

2,000,000

     

Medium-term notes and bonds,
    including current portion (note 20(b))

2,600,000

4,000,000

13,400,000

-

20,000,000

     

Short-term bonds (note 20(d))

15,000,000

-

-

-

15,000,000

     

Short-term bank and other loans (note 20)

47,146,473

-

-

-

47,146,473

     

Interest payables for borrowings

6,983,738

2,600,611

4,602,716

761,700

14,948,765

     

Financial liabilities at fair value
    through profit or loss

1,947

-

-

-

1,947

     

Financial liabilities included in other
    payables and accrued liabilities,
    excluding accrued interest (note 23)

7,760,271

-

-

-

7,760,271

     

Financial liabilities included in other
    non-current liabilities (Note)

-

192,519

520,630

390,472

1,103,621

     

Trade and notes payables

12,401,650

-

-

-

12,401,650

     






                 
       

100,222,801

13,092,984

28,155,292

14,194,990

155,666,067

     






                 

F-67


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Liquidity risk (Continued)

       
       

Within
1 year

1 to
2 years

2 to
5 years

Over
5 years

Total

     


                 
     

As at December 31, 2014

         
     

Finance lease payable, including current
    portion (note 21)

318,103

444,022

910,926

-

1,673,051

     

Long-term bank and other loans,
    including current portion (note 20(a))

6,572,862

3,331,060

11,784,104

10,258,318

31,946,344

     

Long-term bonds (note 20(b))

-

-

2,000,000

-

2,000,000

     

Medium-term notes and bonds,
    including current portion (note 20(b))

4,000,000

6,900,000

9,400,000

-

20,300,000

     

Short-term bonds (note 20(d))

23,000,000

-

-

-

23,000,000

     

Short-term bank and other loans (note 20)

40,792,689

-

-

-

40,792,689

     

Interest payables for borrowings

5,783,078

2,516,312

3,488,030

596,089

12,383,509

     

Financial liabilities at fair value
    through profit or loss

29,384

-

-

-

29,384

     

Financial liabilities included in other
    payables and accrued liabilities,
    excluding accrued interest (note 23)

8,277,693

-

-

-

8,277,693

     

Financial liabilities included in other
    non-current liabilities (Note)

-

229,704

581,265

359,264

1,170,233

     

Trade and notes payables (note 24)

15,748,351

-

-

-

15,748,351

     






                 
       

104,522,160

13,421,098

28,164,325

11,213,671

157,321,254

     






                 
     

Note:

As disclosed in note 22, as at December 31, 2014, the carrying value of financial liabilities included in other non-current liabilities is RMB771 million (December 31, 2013: RMB767 million).

F-68


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments

     
   

(a)

Financial instruments by category

       
     

The carrying amounts of each of the categories of financial instruments of the Group as at the end of the reporting period are as follows:

       
     

Financial assets

       
               
       

December 31, 2013

       


       

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Loans and
receivables

Available-
for-sale
financial investments

Total

     


               
     

Current

       
               
     

Trade and notes receivables

-

6,156,605

-

6,156,605

     

Financial assets at fair value

       
     

through profit or loss

23

-

-

23

     

Restricted cash and time deposits

-

1,044,158

-

1,044,158

     

Cash and cash equivalents

-

11,381,695

-

11,381,695

     

Financial assets included in other current
    assets (note 16)

-

11,670,701

-

11,670,701

     





               
     

Subtotal

23

30,253,159

-

30,253,182

     





               
     

Non-current

       
               
     

Available-for-sale financial investments

-

-

82,112

82,112

     

Financial assets included in other
    non-current assets (note 13)

-

12,335,194

-

12,335,194

     





               
     

Subtotal

-

12,335,194

82,112

12,417,306

     





               
     

Total

23

42,588,353

82,112

42,670,488

     





               

F-69


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Financial instruments by category (Continued)

       
     

Financial liabilities

     
       

December 31, 2013

       


       

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial
liabilities at
amortised cost

Total

     


             
     

Current

     
             
     

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

1,947

-

1,947

     

Interest bearing loans and borrowings

-

73,348,346

73,348,346

     

Financial liabilities included in other
    payables and accrued liabilities (note 23)

-

8,486,335

8,486,335

     

Trade and notes payables

-

12,401,650

12,401,650

     




             
     

Subtotal

1,947

94,236,331

94,238,278

     




             
     

Non-current

     
             
     

Financial liabilities included in other
    non-current liabilities (note 22)

-

767,157

767,157

     

Interest bearing loans and borrowings

-

46,294,828

46,294,828

     




             
     

Subtotal

-

47,061,985

47,061,985

     




             
     

Total

1,947

141,298,316

141,300,263

     




             

F-70


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Financial instruments by category (Continued)

       
     

Financial assets

       
               
       

December 31, 2014

       


       

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Loans and
receivables

Available-
for-sale
financial investments

Total

     


               
     

Current

       
               
     

Trade and notes receivables

-

5,312,575

-

5,312,575

     

Available-for-sale financial investments

-

-

4,635,600

4,635,600

     

Financial assets at fair value
    through profit or loss

120,901

-

-

120,901

     

Restricted cash and time deposits

-

1,663,590

-

1,663,590

     

Cash and cash equivalents

-

16,268,600

-

16,268,600

     

Financial assets included in other
    current assets (note 16)

-

6,820,992

-

6,820,992

     





               
     

Subtotal

120,901

30,065,757

4,635,600

34,822,258

     





               
     

Non-current

       
               
     

Available-for-sale financial investments

-

-

74,850

74,850

     

Financial assets included in other
    non-current assets (note 13)

-

8,393,122

-

8,393,122

     





               
     

Subtotal

-

8,393,122

74,850

8,467,972

     





               
     

Total

120,901

38,458,879

4,710,450

43,290,230

     





               

F-71


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Financial instruments by category (Continued)

       
     

Financial liabilities

     
       

December 31, 2014

       


       

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at amortised cost

Total

     


             
     

Current

     
             
     

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

29,384

-

29,384

     

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings

-

75,167,251

75,167,251

     

Financial liabilities included in other payables
    and accrued liabilities (note 23)

-

9,201,623

9,201,623

     

Trade and notes payables

-

15,748,351

15,748,351

     




             
     

Subtotal

29,384

100,117,225

100,146,609

     




             
     

Non-current

     
             
     

Financial liabilities included in other
    non-current liabilities (note 22)

-

771,294

771,294

     

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings

-

44,769,211

44,769,211

     




             
     

Subtotal

-

45,540,505

45,540,505

     




             
     

Total

29,384

145,657,730

145,687,114

     




             

F-72


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Fair value and fair value hierarchy

       
     

The carrying amounts and fair values of the Group's financial instruments, other than those with carrying amounts that reasonably approximate to fair values, are as follows:

       
       

Carrying amounts

Fair values

       


       

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

       


               
     

Financial assets

       
               
     

Financial assets included in other
    non-current assets (note 13)

12,335,194

8,393,122

12,335,194

8,703,168

     





               
       

Carrying amounts

Fair values

       


       

December 31
2013

December 31
2014

December 31
2013

December 31
2014

       


     

Financial liabilities

       
               
     

Financial liabilities included in other
    non-current liabilities (note 22)

767,157

771,294

767,157

771,294

     

Long-term interest-bearing loans
    and borrowings (note 20)

46,294,828

44,769,211

45,728,722

44,292,962

     





               
       

47,061,985

45,540,505

46,495,879

45,064,256

     





               

F-73


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Fair value and fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Management has assessed that the fair values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and time deposits, trade and notes receivables, financial assets included in other current assets, entrusted loans, trade and notes payables, financial liabilities included in other payables and accrued liabilities, short-term and current portion of interest-bearing loans and borrowings, interest payable and current portion of long-term payables approximate to their carrying amounts largely due to the short term maturities of these instruments.

       
     

The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:

       
     

*

The fair values of the financial assets included in other non-current assets and financial liabilities included in other non-current liabilities have been calculated by discounting the expected future cash flows using rates currently available for instruments on similar terms, credit risk and remaining maturities.

         
     

*

The fair value of long-term interest-bearing loans and borrowings have been calculated by discounting the expected future cash flows using rates currently available for instruments on similar terms, credit risk and remaining maturities.

         
     

The Group's own non-performance risk for financial liabilities included in other non-current liabilities and long-term interest-bearing loans and borrowings as at December 31, 2014 was assessed to be insignificant.

       

F-74


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Fair value and fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Fair value hierarchy

       
     

The following tables illustrate the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Group's financial instruments:

       
     

Assets measured at fair value

       
     

As at December 31, 2013

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Financial assets at fair value
    through profit or loss:

       
     

Futures contracts

23

-

-

23

     





               
     

As at December 31, 2014

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant
unobservable
inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Financial assets at fair value
    through profit or loss:

       
     

Futures contracts

120,901

-

-

120,901

     

Short-term investments

-

4,635,600

-

4,635,600

     





               
       

120,901

4,635,600

-

4,756,501

     





               

F-75


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Fair value and fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Liabilities measured at fair value

       
     

As at December 31, 2013

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Financial liabilities at fair value

       
     

    through profit or loss:

       
     

Futures contracts

207

-

-

207

     

European option contracts

-

1,740

-

1,740

     





               
       

207

1,740

-

1,947

     





               
     

As at December 31, 2014

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Financial liabilities at fair value
    through profit or loss:

       
     

Futures contracts

4,455

-

-

4,455

     

European option contracts

-

24,929

-

24,929

     





               
       

4,455

24,929

-

29,384

     





               

F-76


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Fair value and fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Assets for which fair values are disclosed

       
     

As at December 31, 2013

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Loans and receivables:

       
     

Financial assets included in
    other non-current assets

-

12,335,194

-

12,335,194

     





               
     

As at December 31, 2014

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Loans and receivables:

       
     

Financial assets included in
    other non-current assets

-

8,703,168

-

8,703,168

     





               

F-77


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.2

Financial instruments (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Fair value and fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Fair value hierarchy (Continued)

       
     

Liabilities for which fair values are disclosed

       
     

As at December 31, 2013

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

       


               
     

Financial liabilities at

       
     

    amortised cost:

       
     

Financial liabilities included in
     other non-current liabilities

-

767,157

-

767,157

     

Long-term interest-bearing
    loans and borrowings

-

45,728,722

-

45,728,722

     





               
       

-

46,495,879

-

46,495,879

     





               
     

As at December 31, 2014

Fair value measurement using

       


       

Quoted prices
in active
markets

Significant
observable
inputs

Significant unobservable inputs

 
       

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Total

     





               
     

Financial liabilities at

       
     

    amortised cost:

       
     

Financial liabilities included in
    other non-current liabilities

-

771,294

-

771,294

     

Long-term interest-bearing

       
     

    loans and borrowings

-

44,292,962

-

44,292,962

     





               
       

-

45,064,256

-

45,064,256

     





               
     

During the year, the Group had no transfers of fair value measurements between Level 1 and Level 2 and no transfers into or out of Level 3 for both financial assets and financial liabilities (2013: nil).

       

F-78


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISKS MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

3.3

Capital risk management

     
   

The Group's capital management objectives are to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders, and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

     
   

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debts.

     
   

Consistent with other entities in the industry, the Group monitors capital on the basis of its gearing ratio. This ratio is calculated as net debt divided by total capital. Net debt is calculated as total liabilities (excluding deferred tax liabilities and income tax payable) less restricted cash, time deposits and cash and cash equivalents. Total capital is calculated as equity, as shown in the consolidated statement of financial position, plus net debt less non-controlling interests.

     
   

During 2014 and 2013, the change in sales price of the Group's primary products has adversely impacted on the profitability of the Group. The gearing ratio as at December 31, 2014 is as follows:

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Total liabilities (excluding deferred tax liabilities and income tax payables)

144,591,256

151,862,444

   

Less: restricted cash, time deposits and cash and

   
   

        cash equivalents

(12,425,853)

(17,932,190)

   



         
   

Net debt

132,165,403

133,930,254

   



         
   

Total equity

53,702,119

39,628,842

   

Add: net debt

132,165,403

133,930,254

   

Less: non-controlling interests

(9,344,394)

(11,353,155)

   



         
   

Total capital attributable to owners of the parent

176,523,128

162,205,941

   



         
   

Gearing ratio

75%

83%

   



         
   

The increase in gearing ratio as at December 31, 2014 mainly resulted from the operating loss in the year.

     

F-79


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS

   
 

The preparation of the Group's consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these judgements, assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

   
 

Judgements

   
 

In the process of applying the Group's accounting policies and preparing the Group's consolidated financial statements, management has made the following judgements, apart from those involving estimates, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements.

   
 

(a)

Going concern

     
   

As set out in Note 2.1, the ability of the Group to continue operations is dependent upon obtaining the necessary borrowings and generating cash inflows from operating activities in order to generate sufficient cash flows to meet its liabilities as they fall due. In the event the Group is unable to obtain adequate funding, there is uncertainty as to whether the Group will be able to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the carrying values and classifications of assets and liabilities that would be necessary should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern.

     
 

(b)

Loss of control of a subsidiary in multiple arrangements

     
   

A parent might lose control of a subsidiary in multiple arrangements (transactions). However, sometimes circumstances indicate that the multiple arrangements should be accounted for as a single transaction. In determining whether to account for the arrangements as a single transaction, a parent shall consider all the terms and conditions of the arrangements and their economic effects. One or more of the following indicate that the parent should account for the multiple arrangements as a single transaction: (a) they are entered into at the same time or in contemplation of each other; (b) they form a single transaction designed to achieve an overall commercial effect; (c) the occurrence of one arrangement is dependent on the occurrence of at least one other arrangement; (d) one arrangement considered on its own is not economically justified, but it is economically justified when considered together with other arrangements. As disclosed in Note 38(a), the Company lost its control over Jiaozuo Wanfang after its equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang was diluted. The Group believed that the above transaction accompanying the disposal of 4.998% equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang by the Company in 2010 was accounted for as a single transaction.

     

F-80


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Judgements (Continued)

   
 

(c)

Consolidation of an entity in which the Group holds less than a majority of voting rights

     
   

Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Limited ("Ningxia Energy") (), a subsidiary acquired by the Company in 2013, owned 28.02% of the equity shares in Ningxia Yinxing Energy Limited ("Yinxing Energy") () until October 23, 2014. On October 23, 2014, Ningxia Energy increased its equity shares in Yinxing Energy up to 57.33% by making a capital injection. On November 13, 2014, Yinxing Energy issued shares to Ningxia Energy and other specified investors which led to the decrease of equity shares of Ningxia Energy in Yinxing Energy to 52.91%.

     
   

The Company considers that Ningxia Energy controls Yinxing Energy even though it owns less than 50% of the voting rights before October 23, 2014. This was because Ningxia Energy nominated five out of the six board members of Yinxing Energy and Ningxia Energy was the single largest shareholder of Yinxing Energy with a 28.02% equity interest. Since the date of the acquisition of Ningxia Energy by the Company, the remaining equity shares in Yinxing Energy were widely held by many other shareholders. In addition, since the acquisition date, there have been no instances of the other shareholders collaborating to exercise their votes collectively or to outvote Ningxia Energy. Since Ningxia Energy controlled Yinxing Energy before and after the increase in equity interest, this is an equity transaction with no remeasurement gains or losses.

     
 

(d)

Significant influence over an entity in which the Group holds less than 20% of voting rights

     
   

The Company considers that it has significant influence over Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminium Co., Ltd. ("Jiaozuo Wanfang") () even though it owns less than 20% of the voting rights. This is because the Company nominates five out of the eleven board members of Jiaozuo Wanfang and the Company is the second-largest shareholder of Jiaozuo Wanfang with a 17.246% equity interest.

     
 

(e)

Classification of senior perpetual securities

     
   

As set out in note 39, the Group issued USD350 million senior perpetual securities in 2013 and USD400 million senior perpetual securities in 2014. The Group considers that the Group has no contractual obligation to repay their principal or to pay any coupon interests. The 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities and 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities do not meet the definition of financial liabilities according to IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation, and are classified as equity and subsequent distribution declared will be treated as distribution to equity owners.

     

F-81


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Estimates and assumptions

   
 

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Group's assumptions and estimates are based on parameters available when the consolidated financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising beyond the control of the Group. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

   
 

(a)

Property, plant and equipment - recoverable amount

     
   

In accordance with the Group's accounting policy, each asset or cash-generating unit is evaluated every reporting period to determine whether there are any indications of impairment. If any such indication exists, an estimate of recoverable amount is performed and an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating group of assets is measured at the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use.

     
   

Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale of the asset in an arm's length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties.

     
   

Value in use is also generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows of those expected to arise from the continued use of the asset in its present form and its eventual disposal. Present values are determined using a risk-adjusted pre-tax discount rate appropriate to the risks inherent in the asset. Future cash flow estimates are based on expected production and sales volumes, commodity prices (considering current and historical prices, price trends and related factors) and operating costs. This policy requires management to make these estimates and assumptions which are subject to risk and uncertainty; hence there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will alter these projections, which may impact the recoverable amounts of the assets. In such circumstances, some or all of the carrying values of the assets may be impaired and the impairment would be charged against profit or loss.

     
   

The management's estimations, including a sensitivity analysis of key assumptions, are disclosed in note 7 and note 8 to the financial statements.

     

F-82


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Estimates and assumptions (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets - estimated useful lives and residual values

     
   

The Group's management determines the estimated useful lives and residual values (if applicable) and consequently related depreciation/amortisation charges for its property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. These estimates are based on the historical experience of the actual useful lives of property, plant and equipment of similar nature and functions, or based on value-in-use calculations or market valuations according to the estimated periods that the Group intends to derive future economic benefits from the use of intangible assets. Management will increase the depreciation/amortisation charge where useful lives are less than previously estimated lives, and it will write off or write down technically obsolete or non-strategic assets that have been abandoned or sold.

     
   

Actual economic lives may differ from estimated useful lives and actual residual values may differ from estimated residual values. Periodic review could result in a change in depreciable lives and residual values and therefore depreciation/amortisation expense in future periods.

     
 

(c)

Estimated impairment of trade and other receivables and inventories

     
   

A provision for impairment of trade and other receivables is established when there is objective evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganisation, and default or delinquency in payments are considered indicators that a trade receivable is impaired. The amount of the provision is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate. Cash flows relating to trade and other receivables are discounted if the effect of discounting is material. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. When a trade and other receivable is uncollectible, it is written-off against the allowance account for trade and other receivables. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written-off are recognized as income in profit or loss. The impairment is subject to management's assessment at the end of the reporting period, and hence, the provision amount is subject to uncertainty.

     

F-83


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Estimates and assumptions (Continued)

   
 

(c)

Estimated impairment of trade and other receivables and inventories (CONTINUED)

     
   

In accordance with the Group's accounting policy, the Group's management tests whether inventory suffered any impairment based on estimates of the net realisable value of the inventories. For different types of inventories, it requires the exercise of accounting estimates on selling price, costs of conversion, selling expenses and related tax expense to calculate its net realisable value. For inventories held for executed sales contracts, the management estimates the net realisable value based on the contracted price; for other inventories, the management estimates realisable future price based on the actual prices during the period from the end of the reporting period to the date that these consolidated financial statements were approved for issue by the Board of Directors of the Company and takes into account the nature and balance of inventories and future estimated price trends. For raw materials and work-in-progress, the management has established a model in estimating the net realisable value at which the inventories can be realised in the normal course of business after considering the Group's manufacturing cycles, production capacity and forecasts, estimated future conversion costs and selling prices. The management also takes into account the price or cost fluctuations and other related matters occurring after the end of the reporting period which reflect conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period.

     
   

It is reasonably possible that if there is a significant change in circumstances including the Group's business and the external environment, outcomes within the next financial year would be significantly affected.

     
 

(d)

Coal reserve estimates and units-of-production amortisation for coal mining rights

     
   

External qualified valuation professionals evaluate "economically recoverable reserves" based on the reserves estimated by external qualified exploration engineers in accordance with the PRC standards. The estimates of coal reserves are inherently imprecise and represent only approximate amounts because of the subjective judgements involved in developing such information. Economically recoverable reserve estimates are evaluated on a regular basis and have taken into account recent production and technical information about each mine.

     

F-84


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Estimates and assumptions (Continued)

   
 

(e)

Income tax

     
   

The Group estimates its income tax provision and deferred income taxation in accordance with the prevailing tax rules and regulations, taking into account any special approvals obtained from relevant tax authorities and any preferential tax treatment to which it is entitled in each location or jurisdiction in which the Group operates. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. The Group recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred income tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

     
   

Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses and other temporary differences, such as provision for impairment of receivables, inventories and property, plant and equipment and accruals of expenses not yet deductible for tax purposes, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilised or other temporary difference could be reversed. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies. The carrying value of the Group's deferred tax assets at December 31, 2014 was RMB2,403 million (December 31, 2013: RMB1,892 million), without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same tax jurisdiction. The amount of unrecognized tax losses at December 31, 2014 was RMB22,564 million (December 31, 2013: RMB16,709 million). Further details are contained in note 12 to the financial statements.

     
   

An entity shall recognize a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, except to the extent that both of the following conditions are satisfied:

     
   

*

the parent, investor or joint venturer is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference; and

       
   

*

it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

       

F-85


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Estimates and assumptions (Continued)

   
 

(e)

Income tax (Continued)

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, the Group recognized the deferred tax liabilities for the taxable temporary differences associated with investments in an overseas subsidiary and a domestic associate. Apart from that, the Group believes that the taxable temporary differences associated with investments in all other subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures satisfy the above criteria and therefore, relevant deferred tax liabilities were not recognized as disclosed in note 12 to the financial statements.

     
   

The Group believes it has recorded adequate current tax provision and deferred income taxes based on the prevailing tax rules and regulations and its current best estimates and assumptions. In the event that future tax rules and regulations or related circumstances change, adjustments to current and deferred income taxation may be necessary which would impact the Group's results or financial position.

     
 

(f)

Goodwill - recoverable amount

     
   

In accordance with the Group's accounting policy, goodwill is allocated to the Group's operating segments as it represents the lowest level within the Group at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes and is tested for impairment annually by preparing a formal estimate of the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is estimated as the value in use of the operating segment. Similar considerations to those described above in respect of assessing the recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment also apply to goodwill.

     

F-86


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION

   
 

(a)

Revenue

     
   

Revenue from continuing operations recognized during the year is as follows:

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   




           
   

Sales of goods (net of value-added tax)

141,675,472

166,795,663

139,481,210

   

Other revenue

1,761,523

2,635,572

2,291,082

   




           
     

143,436,995

169,431,235

141,772,292

   




           
   

Other revenue from continuing operations primarily includes revenue from the sales of scrap and other materials, the supply of gas, heat and water and the provision of machinery processing, transportation and packaging and other services.

     

F-87


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information

     
   

The presidents of the Company (formerly "the Company's Executive Committee") have been identified as the chief operating decision-makers. They are responsible for the review of the internal reports in order to allocate resources to operating segments and assess their performance.

     
   

The presidents monitor the business from a product perspective comprising alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication for the Group's manufacturing business, which is identified as separate reportable operating segments. In addition, the Group's trading business is identified as a separate reportable operating segment. The Group's operating segments also include corporate and other operating activities.

     
   

However, as disclosed in Notes 2.1 and 6 to the financial statements, the Group has disposed of its equity interests and assets in the aluminum fabrication segment on June 27, 2013. Accordingly, the aluminum fabrication segment has been classified as a discontinued operation and was excluded from the segment information for the year ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2013.

     
   

In addition, as disclosed in Note 37(a) to the financial statements, the Company acquired an aggregate of 70.82% equity interest in Ningxia Energy on January 23, 2013. Ningxia Energy is principally engaged in research and development, production and operation of energy products. Its activities mainly include coal mining, electricity generation by thermal power, wind power and solar power, new energy related equipment manufacturing business, and construction and operation of coal aluminum integration. After the acquisition of Ningxia Energy, the presidents have identified Ningxia Energy and other energy related operations, formerly included in corporate and other operating segments, as the energy segment in accordance with IFRS 8 Operating Segments. As a result of the above changes in segment structure, the comparative figures of segment information were revised accordingly.

     
   

The presidents assess the performance of operating segments based on profit or loss before income tax in related periods. Unless otherwise stated below, the manner of assessment used by the presidents is consistent with that applied in these consolidated financial statements. Management has determined the operating segments based on the reports reviewed by the presidents that are used to make strategic decisions.

     

F-88


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
   

The Group's five reportable operating segments are summarised as follows:

     
   

*

The alumina segment, which consists of the mining and purchasing of bauxite and other raw materials, the refining of bauxite into alumina, and the sale of alumina both internally to the Group's aluminum plants and externally to customers outside the Group. This segment also includes the production and sale of chemical alumina and metal gallium.

       
   

*

The primary aluminum segment, which consists of the procurement of alumina and other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, the smelting of alumina to produce primary aluminum which is sold to external customers, including Chinalco and its subsidiaries. This segment also includes the production and sale of carbon products and aluminum alloy and other aluminum products.

       
   

*

The energy segment, which consists of the research and development, production and operation of energy products, mainly includes coal mining, electricity generation by thermal power, wind power and solar power, new energy related equipment manufacturing business. Sales of coals are mainly to the Group's internal and external coal consuming customers; electricity is used within the Group and sold to regional power grid corporations.

       
   

*

The trading segment, which consists of the trading of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, other non-ferrous metal products, coal products and raw materials and supplemental materials to internal manufacturing plants and external customers in the PRC. The products are sourced from fellow subsidiaries of the Group and international and domestic suppliers of the Group. Sales of products manufactured by the Group's manufacturing business are included in the total revenue of the trading segment and are eliminated with the segment revenue of the respective segments which supplied the products to the trading segment.

       
   

*

Corporate and other operating segments, which mainly include management of corporate, research and development activities and others.

       
   

Prepaid current income tax and deferred tax assets are excluded from segment assets, and income tax payable and deferred tax liabilities are excluded from segment liabilities. All sales among the operating segments were conducted on terms mutually agreed among group companies, and have been eliminated upon consolidation.

 
       

F-89


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

Year ended December 31, 2012

     


     

Alumina

Primary aluminum

Energy

Trading

Corporate and other operating segments

Inter- segment elimination

Total

   


                   
   

Total revenue

31,845,900

58,036,325

69,507

117,295,058

332,455

(64,142,250)

143,436,995

   

Inter-segment revenue

(28,168,871)

(23,515,466)

-

(12,416,127)

(41,786)

64,142,250

-

   








                   
     Sales of self-produced products      

38,184,093

     
   

 Sales of products sourced
    from external suppliers

     

66,694,838

     
 
                   
   

Revenue from external customers
    from continuing operations

3,677,029

34,520,859

69,507

104,878,931

290,669

-

143,436,995

     








                   
   

Segment (loss)/profit from
    continuing operations

(3,744,947)

(3,084,684)

(45,894)

437,635

(1,524,748)

135,262

(7,827,376)

                   
   

Income tax benefit from
    continuing operations

           

371,092


                   
   

Loss for the year from
    continuing operations

           

(7,456,284)

                 


   

Other items for continuing operations:

             
   

Finance income

27,232

57,796

10,310

95,967

111,041

-

302,346

   

Finance costs

(898,656)

(1,535,959)

(8,272)

(285,803)

(1,634,280)

-

(4,362,970)

   

Share of profits/(losses) of joint ventures

-

-

19,644

-

17,396

-

37,040

   

Share of profits of associates

-

238,698

(106)

-

17,489

-

256,081

   

Amortisation of land use rights
    and leasehold land

(40,063)

(26,640)

-

(101)

-

-

(66,804)

   

Depreciation and amortisation excluding
    the amortisation of land use rights
    and leasehold land

(2,527,909)

(2,033,468)

(1,048)

(4,061)

(112,477)

-

(4,678,963)

   

Gain/(loss) on disposal of property,
    plant and equipment

(231,080)

(222,879)

-

(1,036)

(86)

-

(455,081)

   

Gain on acquisition of the investment
    in an associate

-

-

504,773

-

-

-

504,773

   

Impairment of PPE

-

(19,903)

-

-

-

-

(19,903)

   

Impairment of long term investment

-

(7,778)

-

-

-

-

(7,778)

   

Change for impairment of inventories

(552,875)

(289,397)

-

(80,259)

(2,023)

 

(924,554)

   

Reversal of impairment of receivables,
    net of bad debts recovered

58,582

(120,268)

-

8,437

4,345

-

(48,904)

   








                   
   

Capital expenditure of
    continuing operations

             
   

Intangible assets

54,755

-

16

-

585

-

55,356

   

Land use rights

1,440

88

-

-

-

-

1,528

   

Property, plant and equipment

4,187,114

4,604,665

89,955

48,523

180,267

-

9,110,524

   








                   
   

Capital expenditure of
    the discontinued operation

           

Discontinued operation

   

Intangible assets

           

-

   

Land use rights

           

-

   

Property, plant and equipment

           

458,813

   








                   

F-90


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

Year ended December 31, 2013

     


     

Alumina

Primary aluminum

Energy

Trading

Corporate and other operating segments

Inter- segment elimination

Total

   


                   
   

Total revenue from

             
   

    continuing operations

33,979,913

49,953,392

5,159,137

137,283,480

788,549

(57,733,236)

169,431,235

   

Inter-segment revenue

(27,276,190)

(18,068,029)

(261,865)

(11,991,918)

(135,234)

57,733,236

-

   








                   
   

Sales of self-produced products (Note)

     

31,514,827

     
                   
   

Sales of products sourced
    from external suppliers

     

93,776,735

     
                   
   

Revenue from external customers
    from continuing operations

6,703,723

31,885,363

4,897,272

125,291,562

653,315

-

169,431,235

     








                   
   

Segment (loss)/profit before income
    tax from continuing operations

(1,800,990)

(2,791,974)

948,840

547,086

4,167,769

(187,490)

883,241

                   
   

Income tax expense from
    continuing operations

           

(339,551)

                 


                   
   

Profit for the year from
    continuing operations

           

543,690

                 


                   
   

Other items for continuing operations:

             
   

Finance income

28,132

63,594

68,595

142,705

313,550

-

616,576

   

Finance costs

(1,095,328)

(1,327,873)

(1,066,896)

(286,968)

(2,072,581)

-

(5,849,646)

   

Share of profits of joint ventures

-

-

126,326

-

22,423

-

148,749

   

Share of (losses)/profits of associates

(2,129)

70,039

377,312

-

66,647

-

511,869

   

Amortisation of land use rights
    and leasehold land

(36,089)

(26,548)

(12,138)

(875)

(1,344)

-

(76,994)

   

Depreciation and amortisation
     (excluding the amortisation of
    land use rights and leasehold land)

(3,169,703)

(2,778,265)

(1,080,293)

(5,748)

(113,642)

-

(7,147,651)

   

Gain/(loss) on disposal of property,
    plant and equipment

134,409

75,384

(699)

-

(37)

-

209,057

   

Gain on disposal of Alumina

             
   

Production Line

33,247

-

-

-

-

-

33,247

   

Gain on acquisition of a subsidiary

-

-

651,185

-

-

-

651,185

   

Gain on disposal and deemed
    disposal of subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

6,218,010

-

6,218,010

   

Gain on previously held equity
    interest remeasured at
    acquisition-date fair value

-

-

53,953

-

-

-

53,953

   

Impairment of property,
    plant and equipment

(68,340)

(284,403)

(118,453)

-

(29,963)

-

(501,159)

   

Change for impairment of inventories

(44,359)

128,962

(206,725)

42,714

-

-

(79,408)

   

Provision for impairment of
    receivables, net

(9,611)

(38,705)

(44,211)

(203,997)

(813)

-

(297,337)

     








   

Note:

The sales of self-produced products include sales of self-produced alumina amounting to RMB10,696 million, sales of self-produced primary aluminium amounting RMB15,218 million, and sales of self-produced other products amounting to RMB5,601 million.

       

F-91


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

Year ended December 31, 2013

     


     

Alumina

Primary aluminum

Energy

Trading

Corporate and other operating segments

Inter- segment elimination

Total

   


                   
   

Investment addition in associates

506,970

380,000

1,272,205

8,000

-

-

2,167,175

   

Investment addition in joint ventures

-

-

397,972

-

-

-

397,972

   

Capital expenditure of
    continuing operations in: (Note)

             
   

    Intangible assets

363,258

1,167

162,741

243

-

-

527,409

   

    Land use rights and leasehold land

-

15,341

3,264

-

-

-

18,605

   

    Property, plant and equipment

3,854,419

3,300,022

1,893,885

46,047

130,599

-

9,224,972

   


   

Capital expenditure of
    the discontinued operation in:

           

Discontinued operation

   

    Intangible assets

           

-

   

    Land use rights and leasehold land

           

1,212

   

    Property, plant and equipment

           

134,128

   


   

Note:

Excluding the non-current assets acquired through acquisition of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2013.

       

F-92


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

Year ended December 31, 2014

     


     

Alumina

Primary aluminum

Energy

Trading

Corporate and other operating segments

Inter- segment elimination

Total

   


                   
   

Total revenue

30,705,972

40,422,942

5,242,329

110,107,996

347,935

(45,054,882)

141,772,292

   

Inter-segment revenue

(24,852,245)

(10,260,057)

(148,158)

(9,761,841)

(32,581)

45,054,882

-

   








                   
 
   

 Sales of self-produced
    products (Note (i))

     

27,973,346

     
   

 Sales of products sourced from
    external suppliers

     

72,372,809

     
                   
   

Revenue from external customers

5,853,727

30,162,885

5,094,171

100,346,155

315,354

-

141,772,292

     








                   
   

Segment (loss)/profit before
    income tax

(5,968,306)

(6,375,199)

(1,736,365)

658,678

(2,277,457)

(275,874)

(15,974,523)

                   
   

Income tax expense

           

(1,074,910)

                 


                   
   

Loss for the year

           

(17,049,433)

                 


                   
   

Other items

             
   

Finance income

221,413

42,034

69,419

265,428

449,313

-

1,047,607

   

Finance costs

(1,277,390)

(1,384,278)

(1,256,195)

(449,456)

(2,350,626)

-

(6,717,945)

   

Share of profits and losses
    of joint ventures

-

-

78,392

-

11,118

-

89,510

   

Share of profits and losses of associates

-

(1,446)

281,932

(7)

70,096

-

350,575

   

Amortisation of land use
    rights and leasehold land

(39,034)

(30,239)

(13,976)

(15)

(1,344)

-

(84,608)

   

Depreciation and amortisation
     (excluding the amortisation of
    land use rights and leasehold land)

(3,376,746)

(2,731,498)

(1,196,038)

(6,715)

(73,823)

-

(7,384,820)

   

Gain/(loss) on disposal of property,
    plant and equipment

2,537

(48,434)

437

11

1,305

-

(44,144)

   

Government grants

112,301

565,790

91,843

34,382

19,670

-

823,986

   

Impairment of intangible asset

(23,744)

-

(84,680)

-

-

-

(108,424)

   

Impairment of property, plant
    and equipment

(3,292,425)

(859,866)

(1,479,574)

-

(47,656)

-

(5,679,521)

   

Impairment of land use rights
    and leasehold land

(140,804)

-

-

-

-

-

(140,804)

   

Change for impairment of inventories

(43,251)

(590,357)

(87,423)

54,305

330

-

(666,396)

   

Reversal/(provision) for impairment
    of receivables, net

4,321

(2,860)

(61,970)

(81,755)

-

-

(142,264)

   








                   
   

Investment addition in associates

-

20,930

27,108

-

40,250

-

88,288

   

Investment addition in a joint venture

-

-

121,200

-

-

-

121,200

   

Capital expenditure in:

             
   

    Intangible assets

54,165

12

49,325

1,231

1,344

-

106,077

   

    Land use rights and leasehold land

8,340

284,514

2,652

-

-

-

295,506

   

    Property, plant and equipment
     (Note (ii))

3,455,491

2,038,608

2,321,906

117,814

80,702

-

8,014,521

   








                   
   

Note:

 
       
   

(i)

The sales of self-produced products include sales of self-produced alumina amounting to RMB13,231 million, sales of self-produced primary aluminium amounting RMB9,979 million, and sales of self-produced other products amounting to RMB4,763 million.

       
   

(ii)

The additions in property, plant and equipment under sale and lease back contract (note 8) are not included in capital expenditure in property, plant and equipment.

       

F-93


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

Alumina

Primary aluminum

Energy

Trading

Corporate and other operating segments

Total

   


                 
   

As at December 31, 2013

           
                 
   

Segment assets

77,360,555

49,814,666

37,391,588

20,938,887

25,893,873

211,399,569

   

Reconciliation:

           
   

Elimination of inter-segment receivables

         

(13,638,527)

   

Other elimination

         

(298,086)

   

Corporate and other unallocated assets:

           
   

    Deferred tax assets

         

1,793,310

   

    Prepaid income tax

         

250,788

               


                 
   

Total assets

         

199,507,054

               


                 
   

Segment liabilities

44,535,705

26,330,138

23,758,413

17,721,550

45,883,977

158,229,783

   

Reconciliation:

           
   

Elimination of inter-segment payables

         

(13,638,527)

   

Corporate and other unallocated liabilities:

           
   

    Deferred tax liabilities

         

1,088,150

   

    Income tax payable

         

125,529

               


                 
   

Total liabilities

         

145,804,935

               


                 
     

Alumina

Primary aluminum

Energy

Trading

Corporate and other operating segments

Total

   


                 
   

As at December 31, 2014

           
                 
   

Segment assets

72,961,013

47,975,368

36,855,105

20,890,288

25,990,507

204,672,281

   

Reconciliation:

           
   

Elimination of inter-segment receivables

         

(12,871,264)

   

Other elimination

         

(370,006)

   

Corporate and other unallocated assets:

           
   

    Deferred tax assets

         

952,057

   

    Prepaid income tax

         

248,903

               


                 
   

Total assets

         

192,631,971

               


                 
   

Segment liabilities

43,956,572

33,064,438

24,686,868

17,126,630

45,899,200

164,733,708

   

Reconciliation:

           
   

Elimination of inter-segment payables

         

(12,871,264)

   

Corporate and other unallocated liabilities:

           
   

    Deferred tax liabilities

         

1,061,265

   

    Income tax payable

         

79,420

               


                 
   

Total liabilities

         

153,003,129

               


                 

F-94


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

REVENUE AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
   

The Group mainly operates in the mainland of China. Geographical information of the operating segments is as follows:

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Segment revenue from external
    customers from continuing operations

     
   

    - Mainland China

140,756,659

163,582,496

138,518,445

   

    - Outside of Mainland China

2,680,336

5,848,739

3,253,847

   




           
     

143,436,995

169,431,235

141,772,292

   




           
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Non-current assets (excluding financial assets
    and deferred tax assets)

   
   

    - Mainland China

121,668,457

119,289,197

   

    - Outside of Mainland China

562,560

448,362

   



         
     

122,231,017

119,737,559

   



         
   

For the year ended December 31, 2014, revenues of approximately RMB24,986 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB30,255 million, 2012 from continuing operations: RMB22,541 million) are derived from entities directly or indirectly owned or controlled by the PRC government including Chinalco. These revenues are mainly attributable to the alumina, primary aluminum, energy segment and trading segments. There was no other individual customer from whom the Group has derived revenue of more than 10% of the Group's revenue during the year ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

     

F-95


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

   
 

On June 9, 2013, the Company entered into an equity interest transfer agreement ("Aluminum Fabrication Interests Transfer Agreement") with Chinalco, pursuant to which the Company transferred to Chinalco its equity interests in (a) six subsidiaries: (1) 90.03% equity interest in Chalco Henan Aluminum Co., Ltd.() ("Henan Aluminum"); (2) 60% equity interest in Chalco Southwest Aluminum Co., Ltd. ); (3) 100% equity interest in Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling Co., Ltd. (); (4) 56.86% equity interest in Huaxi Aluminum Co., Ltd. (); (5) 93.30% equity interest in Chalco Ruimin Co., Ltd. (); and (6) 100% equity interest in Chalco Qingdao Light Metal Co., Ltd. () ("Qingdao Light Metal") (collectively known as "Aluminum Fabrication Subsidiaries"), (b) a joint venture: 50% equity interest in Chalco Sapa Aluminum Products (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. () ("Chalco Sapa"); and (c) an associate: 40% equity interest in Guizhou Chalco Aluminum Co., Ltd. () ("Guizhou Chalco"). In addition, the Company entered into the Aluminum Fabrication Assets Transfer Agreement with Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant, a subsidiary of Chinalco, on June 6, 2013, pursuant to which the Company transferred the net assets in Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Branch of the Company () ("Aluminum Fabrication Branch") to Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant. The above transactions were completed on June 27, 2013.

   
 

The Aluminum Fabrication Subsidiaries and the Aluminum Fabrication Branch form the Aluminum Fabrication Segment of the Group. Pursuant to the Aluminum Fabrication Interests Transfer Agreement and the Aluminum Fabrication Assets Transfer Agreement, the consideration thereof was determined with reference to independent valuation undertaken by professional valuers recognized in the PRC of the net asset of the respective entities/branch as at December 31, 2012, adjusted to give effect to the changes in net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the disposal date.

   
 

As an adherent condition to disposal of certain of the Aluminum Fabrication Subsidiaries, as at December 31, 2012, the Company's entrusted loans to Henan Aluminum and Qingdao Light Metal were transferred to Chinalco with a nominal principal amount up to RMB3 billion ("Transferred Loan to Chinalco"), and the appraisal value of such loans was taken as the basis for the consideration.

   

F-96


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

After giving adjustment to the change in the net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the disposal date regarding the Aluminum Fabrication Subsidiaries and the Aluminum Fabrication Branch, the aggregate consideration for the disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment and the Transferred Loan to Chinalco was finalised at RMB6,314.5 million. The disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment and the Transferred Loan to Chinalco shall be considered in their totality.

   
 

The disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment can optimise the asset structure, lower the debt to asset ratio, improve the debt portfolio of the Group, increase the operating cash flows of the Group and strengthen the re-financing ability of the Group, which is beneficial for the Group to focus on the development of quality resources and develop its business relating to the quality resources, so as to move towards the forefront of the industry chain and the high-end of the value chain.

   
 

Since the Aluminum Fabrication Segment was a component of the Group's business, representing a separate major line of business with separately identifiable operations and cash flows, it was classified as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the results of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment were separately reported as a "discontinued operation" in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013. In addition, the gain recognized on the disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment was also included in the results of the discontinued operation.

   
   

F-97


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

The details of the net assets of the discontinued operation as at June 27, 2013 are as follows:

   
   

Note

June 27, 2013

 


       
 

Net assets disposed of:

   
 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

345,351

 

Trade and notes receivables

 

1,563,462

 

Inventories

 

2,254,990

 

Other current assets

 

1,427,870

 

Deferred tax assets

12

105,716

 

Property, plant and equipment

8

9,354,169

 

Land use rights

9(b)

267,104

 

Intangible assets

7

11,210

 

Investment in an associate

10(b)

202,210

 

Other non-current assets

 

39,472

 

Trade and notes payables

 

(2,016,152)

 

Income tax payable

 

(583)

 

Other payables and accrued expenses

 

(598,000)

 

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings

 

(9,808,339)

 

Other non-current liabilities

 

(55,435)

 


       
 

Net assets

 

3,093,045

       
 

Non-controlling interests

 

(324,539)

 


       
 

Net assets disposed of

 

2,768,506

       
 

Transferred Loan to Chinalco

 

2,925,500

 


       
 

Total net assets disposed of

 

5,694,006

 


       
 

Gain on disposal of the discontinued operation and the

   
 

Transferred Loan to Chinalco

 

620,494

 


       
     

6,314,500

 


       
   

2013

 


     
 

Satisfied by:

 
 

    Cash received in 2013

1,391,327

 

    Receivable from Chinalco and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2013

4,923,173

 


     
   

6,314,500

 


     
 

An analysis of the cash flows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the

 
 

    disposal of the discontinued operation is as follows:

 
 


     
 

Cash consideration received in 2013

1,391,327

 

Less: cash and cash equivalents disposed of

(345,351)

 


     
 

Net cash inflows from the disposal of the discontinued operation

1,045,976

 


     

F-98


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

The results of the discontinued operation are presented below:

   
   

2012

2013*

 


       
 

Revenue

9,473,099

5,527,808

 

Less: elimination**

(3,431,273)

(1,654,896)

 

 



       
   

6,041,826

3,872,912

       
 

Expenses

(10,197,796)

(5,684,116)

 

Less: elimination**

3,431,273

1,654,896

 

 



       
   

(6,766,523)

(4,029,220)

       
 

Operating loss

(724,697)

(156,308)

 

Finance costs, net

(538,756)

(259,187)

 

Share of (losses) /profits of associates

(1,233)

877

 

 



       
 

Loss before tax from the discontinued operation

(1,264,686)

(414,618)

       
 

Income tax benefit

77,387

1,268

 

 



       
 

Loss for the year from the discontinued operation

(1,187,299)

(413,350)

       
 

Gain on disposal of the discontinued operation

-

620,494

 

 



       
 

(Loss)/profit after tax for the year from the discontinued operation

(1,187,299)

207,144

 

 



       
 

The net cash flows incurred by the discontinued operation, excluding the cash consideration received from disposal of the discontinued operation, are as follows:

   
   

2012

2013*

 


       
 

Operating activities

589,761

(10,253)

 

Investing activities

(499,849)

(134,499)

 

Financing activities

(262,129)

117,868

 

Net foreign Exchange differences

(243)

124

 

 



       
 

Net cash (outflows)

(172,460)

(26,760)

 

 



       
 

*

These numbers represent the activities prior to the disposal on June 27, 2013.

     
 

**

Since the transactions between the discontinued operation and the continuing operations are expected to continue after the disposal of discontinued operation, the transactions between the two operations were eliminated in the results of the discontinued operation.

     

F-99


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

The results of the discontinued operation are presented below:

   
   

2012

2013

 


       
 

Basic and diluted (loss)/earning per

   
 

    share from the discontinued operation

   
 

    (in RMB per share)

(0.08)

0.02

 

 



       
 

The calculations of basic and diluted loss or earning per share from the discontinued operation are based on:

   
   

2012

2013

 


       
 

(Loss)/profit attributable to owners of
    the parent from the discontinued operation (in RMB)

(1,070,393,000)

235,913,000

 

 



       
 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during
    the year used in the basic and diluted earnings or loss
    or earning per share calculations (Note 33)

13,524,487,892

13,524,487,892

 

 



       

F-100


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

7.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

   
   

Goodwill

Mining rights

Mineral exploration
rights

Computer software and others

Total

 


             
 

Year ended December 31, 2013

         
 

Opening net carrying amount

2,362,735

830,650

951,329

115,304

4,260,018

 

Additions

-

91,177

371,174

65,058

527,409

 

Transfer from property,
    plant and equipment (note 8)

-

22,487

-

10,252

32,739

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

14,254

6,233,253

-

122,028

6,369,535

 

Disposals

-

(3,995)

-

(1,190)

(5,185)

 

Disposal of discontinued operation

-

-

-

(11,210)

(11,210)

 

Deemed disposal of a subsidiary

(31,790)

-

-

(3,384)

(35,174)

 

Amortisation

-

(246,369)

-

(31,371)

(277,740)

 

Impairment loss

-

-

-

(7)

(7)

 

Currency translation differences

(246)

(2,402)

(5,340)

-

(7,988)

 

 






             
 

Closing net carrying amount

2,344,953

6,924,801

1,317,163

265,480

10,852,397

 

 






             
 

As at December 31, 2013

         
 

Cost

2,344,953

7,487,374

1,317,163

420,097

11,569,587

 

Accumulated amortisation and

         
 

    impairment

-

(562,573)

-

(154,617)

(717,190)

 

 






             
 

Net carrying amount

2,344,953

6,924,801

1,317,163

265,480

10,852,397

 

 






             

F-101


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

7.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS (CONTINUED)

   
   

Goodwill

Mining rights

Mineral exploration
rights

Computer software and others

Total

 


             
 

Year ended December 31, 2014

         
 

Opening net carrying amount

2,344,953

6,924,801

1,317,163

265,480

10,852,397

 

Additions

-

42,150

42,171

21,756

106,077

 

Transfer from property,
    plant and equipment (note 8)

-

385,840

-

38,395

424,235

 

Reclassification

-

48,222

(48,222)

-

-

 

Disposals

-

-

-

(10,976)

(10,976)

 

Amortisation

-

(245,194)

-

(42,105)

(287,299)

 

Impairment loss

-

(35,420)

-

(73,004)

(108,424)

 

Currency translation differences

104

735

1,110

-

1,949

 

 






             
 

Closing net carrying amount

2,345,057

7,121,134

1,312,222

199,546

10,977,959

 

 






             
 

As at December 31, 2014

         
 

Cost

2,345,057

7,964,402

1,312,222

467,440

12,089,121

 

Accumulated amortisation

         
 

    and impairment

-

(843,268)

-

(267,894)

(1,111,162)

 

 






             
 

Net carrying amount

2,345,057

7,121,134

1,312,222

199,546

10,977,959

 

 






             
 

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, the amortisation expenses of intangible assets recognized in profit or loss from continuing operations are analysed as follows:

   
   

2012

2013

2014

 


         
 

Cost of sales

67,634

246,369

245,194

 

General and administrative expenses (Note 27(b))

23,671

30,372

42,105

 

 




         
   

91,305

276,741

287,299

 

 




         
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group has pledged intangible assets at a net carrying value amounting to RMB1,125 million (December 31, 2013: RMB799 million) for bank and other borrowings as set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group was in the process of applying for the certificates of mining rights and mineral exploration rights with carrying value amounting to RMB4,569 million and RMB116 million (December 31, 2013: RMB6,174 million and RMB62 million), respectively. There has been no litigation, claims or assessments against the Group for compensation with respect to the use of these rights to date. As at December 31, 2014, the carrying value of these rights only represented approximately 2% of the total asset value of the Group (December 31, 2013: 3%). Management believes that it is probable that the Group can obtain the relevant ownership certificates from the appropriate authorities. The directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group legally owns and has the rights to use the above mining rights and mineral exploration rights, and that there is no material adverse impact on the overall financial position of the Group.

   

F-102


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

7.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Impairment tests for goodwill

   
 

The lowest level within the Group at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes is the operating segment level. Therefore, goodwill is allocated to the Group's CGUs and groups of CGUs according to operating segments. A summary of goodwill allocated to each segment is presented below:

   
   

December 31, 2013

December 31, 2014

   


   

Alumina

Primary aluminium

Alumina

Primary aluminium

 


           
 

Qinghai Branch

-

217,267

-

217,267

 

Guangxi Branch

189,419

-

189,419

-

 

Lanzhou Branch

-

1,924,259

-

1,924,259

 

PT. Nusapati Prima ("PTNP")

14,008

-

14,112

-

 

 





           
   

203,427

2,141,526

203,531

2,141,526

 

 





           
 

The recoverable amount of a CGU is determined based on value-in-use calculations. These calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a 5-year period. Cash flows beyond the 5-year period are extrapolated using the estimated growth rate of 2% (2013: 2%) not exceeding the long-term average growth rate for the businesses in which the CGU operates. Other key assumptions applied in the impairment tests include the expected product price, demand for the products, product costs and related expenses. Management determined that these key assumptions were based on past performance and their expectations on market development. Furthermore, the Group adopts a pre-tax rate of 12.62% (2013: 12.62%) that reflects specific risks related to CGUs and groups of CGUs as the discount rate. The assumptions above are used in analysing recoverable amounts of CGUs and groups of CGUs within operating segments.

   
 

The directors of the Company are of the view that, based on its assessment, there was no impairment of goodwill as at December 31, 2014 (December 31, 2013: no impairment).

   

F-103


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

7.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Impairment tests for goodwill (Continued)

   
 

For the Lanzhou Branch, a one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the recoverable amount of 9% and 11%, respectively. A one percent increase or decrease in estimated growth rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in an increase or decrease in the recoverable amount of 7% and 6%, respectively. A one percent increase or decrease in expected product price, with all other variables held constant, would result in an increase or decrease in the recoverable amount of 5% and 8%, respectively.

   
 

For the Qinghai Branch, a one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the recoverable amount of 10% and 12%, respectively. A one percent increase or decrease in estimated growth rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in an increase or decrease in the recoverable amount of 8% and 7%, respectively. A one percent increase or decrease in expected product price, with all other variables held constant, would result in an increase or decrease in the recoverable amount of 12% and 13%, respectively.

   
 

Impairment losses for mining rights and computer software and others

   
 

Due to the continuous decrease in the price of aluminum, some branches and subsidiaries of the Company generated operating losses in 2014 and indicators of impairment are identified for the CGUs of such branches and subsidiaries of the Company. As set out in note 8, an impairment loss of RMB24 million for mining rights was provided for the CGU of the Chongqing Branch of the Company.

   
 

In 2014, due to the depressed silicon market, Ningxia Energy, a subsidiary of the Group, decided to dispose silicon industry related assets, which includes property, plant and equipment, a silicon mining right, computer software and other intangible assets. The recoverable amounts of the silicon industry related assets are determined based on the estimated net disposal values of such assets which are estimated based on the quoted prices in active market, less costs of disposal using the technique detailed in note 8. Based on the impairment testing results, Ningxia Energy provided impairment loss of RMB11 million for the silicon mining rights with the recoverable amount of RMB4 million and aggregate impairment loss of RMB73 million for computer software and other intangible assets with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB105 million, respectively.

   

F-104


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

   
   

Buildings

Machinery

Transportation facilities

Office
and other
equipment

Construction In progress

Total

 


               
 

Year ended December 31, 2013

           
 

Opening net carrying amount

28,329,527

51,847,302

1,370,063

128,692

14,572,507

96,248,091

 

Currency translation differences

2,730

78

69

32

-

2,909

 

Reclassifications

2,340,721

9,119,164

64,889

31,392

(11,556,166)

-

 

Transfer to intangible assets (note 7)

-

-

-

-

(32,739)

(32,739)

 

Transfer to land use rights and
    leasehold land (note 9)

-

-

-

-

(13,941)

(13,941)

 

Additions

41,447

128,951

7,463

11,864

9,169,375

9,359,100

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

1,797,899

12,603,180

93,908

44,489

5,538,432

20,077,908

 

Disposals

(59,819)

(275,671)

(29,068)

(493)

(153,094)

(518,145)

 

Disposal of the discontinued operation

(1,816,953)

(5,754,334)

(33,671)

(22,276)

(1,726,935)

(9,354,169)

 

Disposal and deemed
    disposal of subsidiaries

(855,319)

(2,821,228)

(10,860)

(2,436)

(21,494)

(3,711,337)

 

Disposal of Alumina Production Line of
    Guizhou Branch of the Company

(1,249,592)

(2,531,255)

(42,595)

(4,695)

(165,758)

(3,993,895)

 

Depreciation

(1,233,213)

(5,439,461)

(244,800)

(39,177)

-

(6,956,651)

 

Impairment loss

(36,479)

(314,474)

(548)

(13)

(149,645)

(501,159)

 

 







               
 

Closing net carrying amount

27,260,949

56,562,252

1,174,850

147,379

15,460,542

100,605,972

 

 







               
 

As at December 31, 2013

           
 

Cost

38,944,699

97,242,671

3,231,939

509,590

16,159,334

156,088,233

 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment

(11,683,750)

(40,680,419)

(2,057,089)

(362,211)

(698,792)

(55,482,261)

 

 







               
 

Net carrying amount

27,260,949

56,562,252

1,174,850

147,379

15,460,542

100,605,972

 

 







               

F-105


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

   
   

Buildings

Machinery

Transportation facilities

Office
and other
equipment

Construction In progress

Total

 


               
 

Year ended December 31, 2014

           
 

Opening net carrying amount

27,260,949

56,562,252

1,174,850

147,379

15,460,542

100,605,972

 

Currency translation differences

(241)

25

20

(1)

10

(187)

 

Reclassifications

4,182,675

6,485,681

29,590

35,270

(10,733,216)

-

 

Transfer to intangible assets (note 7)

-

-

-

-

(424,235)

(424,235)

 

Transfer to land use rights and
    leasehold land (note 9(b))

-

-

-

-

(460,421)

(460,421)

 

Additions (Note)

209,306

1,961,933

4,266

8,685

7,624,680

9,808,870

 

Disposals (Note)

(83,637)

(2,300,081)

(35,467)

(3,973)

(439,550)

(2,862,708)

 

Depreciation

(1,358,999)

(5,336,297)

(219,238)

(40,861)

-

(6,955,395)

 

Impairment loss

(1,481,329)

(3,520,705)

(28,468)

(1,940)

(647,079)

(5,679,521)

 

 







               
 

Closing net carrying amount

28,728,724

53,852,808

925,553

144,559

10,380,731

94,032,375

 

 







               
 

As at December 31, 2014

           
 

Cost

42,502,991

98,976,767

2,932,113

512,650

11,658,141

156,582,662

 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment

(13,774,267)

(45,123,959)

(2,006,560)

(368,091)

(1,277,410)

(62,550,287)

 

 







               
 

Net carrying amount

28,728,724

53,852,808

925,553

144,559

10,380,731

94,032,375

 

 







               
 

Note:

The additions and disposals of property, plant and equipment include the additions and disposals under the sale and leaseback contract in this year:

     
   

(i)

Following to the sale and leaseback contract signed on February 11, 2014 between Shanxi Huaze Aluminum Co., Ltd. ("Shanxi Huaze")* (), a 60%-owned subsidiary of the Company, and China Merchants Bank Financial Leasing Co., Ltd. ("CMB Financial Leasing")* (), Shanxi Huaze sold machinery with the net carrying amount of RMB869 million (cost of RMB1,386 million) to CMB Financial Leasing at consideration of RMB869 million, and Shanxi Huaze leased back the machinery under finance lease with a lease term of five years. The minimum lease payment of the finance lease was RMB1,000 million. The machinery is recorded at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the machinery and the present value of the minimum lease payment amounting to RMB869 million and depreciated over five years which is the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the machinery. From the inception of the lease to December 31, 2014, the depreciation amount of the machinery under finance lease is RMB108 million. As at December 31, 2014, the net carrying amount of the machinery under finance lease is RMB761 million.

       

F-106


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

Note: (Continued)

     
   

(ii)

Following to the sale and leaseback contract signed on October 29, 2014 between Chalco Zunyi Alumina Co., Ltd. ("Zunyi Alumina")* (), a 73.28%-owned subsidiary of the Company, and China Industrial Bank Financial Leasing Co., Ltd. ("CIB Financial Leasing")* (), Zunyi Alumina sold machinery with the net carrying amount of RMB623 million (cost of RMB806 million) to CIB Financial Leasing at consideration of RMB600 million, and Zunyi Alumina leased back the machinery under finance lease with a lease term of five years. The minimum lease payment of the finance lease was RMB732 million. The machinery is recorded at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the machinery and the present value of the minimum lease payment, plus charges directly related to the lease, amounting to RMB621 million and depreciated over five years which is the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the machinery. From the inception of the lease to December 31, 2014, the depreciation amount of the machinery under finance lease is RMB8 million. As at December 31, 2014, the net carrying amount of the machinery under finance lease is RMB613 million.

       
   

(iii)

Following to the sale and leaseback contract signed on October 16, 2014 between Baotou Aluminum Co., Ltd. ("Baotou Aluminum")* (), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and Chinalco Finance Company Limited ("Chinalco Finance")* (), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco. Baotou Aluminum sold machinery with the net carrying amount of RMB391 million (cost of RMB398 million) to Chinalco Finance at consideration of RMB300 million, and Baotou Aluminum leased back the machinery under finance lease with a lease term of three years. The minimum lease payment of the finance lease was RMB331 million. The machinery is recorded at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the machinery and the present value of the minimum lease payment, plus charges directly related to the lease, amounting to RMB304 million and depreciated over three years which is the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the machinery. From the inception of the lease to December 31, 2014, the depreciation amount of the machinery under finance lease is RMB3 million. As at December 31, 2014, the net carrying amount of the machinery under finance lease is RMB301 million.

       
   

*

The English names represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating its Chinese name as it does not have an official English name.

       

F-107


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, depreciation expenses recognized in profit or loss from continuing operations are analysed as follows:

   
   

2012

2013

2014

 

 




         
 

Cost of sales

6,241,532

6,722,850

7,041,992

 

General and administrative expenses (Note 27(b))

150,635

159,030

179,813

 

Selling and distribution expenses (Note 27 (a))

30,395

33,457

31,896

 

 




         
   

6,422,562

6,915,337

7,253,701

 

 




         
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group was in the process of applying for the ownership certificates of buildings with a net carrying value of RMB5,898 million (December 31, 2013: RMB5,698 million). There has been no litigation, claims or assessments against the Group for compensation with respect to the use of these buildings to the date of approval of these financial statements. As at December 31, 2014, the carrying value of these buildings only represented approximately 3% of our total asset value (December 31, 2013: 3%). Management believes that it is probable that the Group can obtain the relevant ownership certificates from the appropriate authorities. The directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group legally owns and has the rights to use the above property, plant and equipment, and that there is no material adverse impact on the overall financial position of the Group.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, buildings with a net carrying value of RMB4.1 million (December 31, 2013: RMB4.6 million) are situated in Hong Kong.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, interest expenses of RMB533 million (2012 from continuing operations: RMB530 million, 2013 from continuing operations: RMB635 million) arising from borrowings attributable to the construction of property, plant and equipment during the year were capitalised at an annual rate of 5.80% to 7.10% (2012: 5.05% to 6.87%, 2013: 4.05% to 6.25%) (note 29), and were included in "additions" to property, plant and equipment.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group has pledged property, plant and equipment at a net carrying value amounting to RMB9,249 million (December 31, 2013: RMB7,292 million) for bank and other borrowings as set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the carrying value of temporary idle property, plant and equipment of the Group is RMB4,139 million (December 31, 2013: RMB214 million).

   

F-108


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

Impairment test for property, plant and equipment

   
 

When any indicators of impairment are identified, property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment based on each CGU. The CGU is an individual plant or entity. The carrying value of these individual plants or entities was compared to the recoverable amount of the CGUs, which was based predominantly on value-in-use. Value-in-use calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a 5-year period. Cash flows beyond the 5-year period are extrapolated using the same cash flow projections of the fifth year. Other key assumptions applied in the impairment tests include the expected product price, demand for the products, product cost and related expenses. Management determined that these key assumptions were based on past performance and their expectations on market development. Further, the Group adopts a pre-tax rate of 10.16% (2013: 10.19%) that reflects specific risks related to CGUs as discount rates. The assumptions above are used in analysing the recoverable amounts of CGUs within operating segments.

   
 

Where it is considered more likely than not that an individual property, plant and equipment will be disposed of within the near-term rather than continue to be held and operated by the Group, the recoverable amount is calculated based on the estimated net disposal value of the property, plant and equipment less costs of disposal rather than by reference to its value-in-use. The net disposal value of the property, plant and equipment is estimated based on the quoted price of the property, plant and equipment in active market.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, impairment losses of RMB5,680 million were provided for property, plant and equipment of the Group (2013: RMB501 million).

   
 

For the CGUs with indicators of impairment identified while no impaired losses were provided based on the impairment tests, the sensitive analysis is as follows:

   
 

Alumina Segment

   
 

*

A one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the estimated recoverable amount of 4.42% and 4.70%, respectively.

     
 

*

A one percent increase or decrease in expected product price, with all other variables held constant, would result in an increase or decrease in the estimated recoverable amount of 4.46% and 4.46%, respectively.

     
 

*

A one percent increase or decrease in expected product cost, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the estimated recoverable amount of 3.67% and 3.67% respectively.

     

F-109


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

   
 

Impairment test for property, plant and equipment (Continued)

   
 

Primary aluminum Segment

   
 

*

A one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the estimated recoverable amount of 4.56% and 4.90%, respectively.

     
 

*

A one percent increase or decrease in expected product price, with all other variables held constant, would result in an increase or decrease in the estimated recoverable amount of 6.68% and 6.68%, respectively.

     
 

*

A one percent increase or decrease in expected product cost, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the estimated recoverable amount of 5.93% and 5.93%, respectively.

     
 

Due to the continuous decrease in the price of aluminum, some branches and subsidiaries of the Company generated operating losses in 2014 and indicators of impairment are identified for the CGUs of such branches and subsidiaries of the Company. Based on the technique detailed in the above paragraphs, impairment losses of RMB2,984 million for property, plant and equipment, RMB24 million for mining rights (note 7), RMB141 million for land use rights (note 9) were provided for the CGU of the Chongqing Branch of the Company with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB3,209 million, an impairment loss of RMB110 million for property, plant and equipment was provided for the CGU of the Henan Branch of the Company with the recoverable amount of RMB89 million.

   
 

In addition, due to the depressed domestic photovoltaic market, an aggregate impairment of RMB340 million for property, plant and equipment was provided for the CGUs of six subsidiaries of Ningxia Energy related to photovoltaic industry, with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB1,382 million. The recoverable amount is determined based on a value-in-use basis detailed in the above paragraphs.

   
 

As set out in note 7, due to the depressed silicon market, in 2014, Ningxia Energy decided to dispose related assets of silicon industry. Accordingly, Ningxia Energy provided aggregate impairment loss of RMB1,140 million for property, plant and equipment relating to silicon industry, with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB466 million. The recoverable amount is determined based on the estimated net disposal value of each property, plant and equipment less costs of disposal which was determined by the impairment testing result using the technique in the above paragraphs.

   
 

In 2014, due to no longer being usable, an aggregate impairment loss of RMB1,106 million was provided for property, plant and equipment which were approved to be disposed in next year with the aggregate recoverable amount of RMB276 million. The recoverable amount is determined based on the estimated net disposal value of each property, plant and equipment less costs of disposal which was determined by the impairment testing result using the technique in the above paragraphs.

   

F-110


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

9.

LAND USE RIGHTS AND LEASEHOLD LAND

   
 

Details of land use rights and leasehold land are as follows:

   
   

December 31,

December 31,

   

2013

2014

 


       
 

Finance leases (a):

   
 

In Hong Kong, held on:

   
 

Leases between 10 to 50 years

91,534

89,555

 

 



       
       
 

Operating leases (b):

   
 

In the mainland of the PRC, held on:

   
 

Leases less than 10 years

4,041

71,312

 

Leases between 10 to 50 years

2,587,633

3,053,158

 

Leases over 50 years

60,758

60,403

 

 



       
   

2,652,432

3,184,873

 

 



       
 

 

2,743,966

3,274,428

 

 



       
 

(a)

Finance leases

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

As at January 1,

   
   

Cost

109,845

108,498

   

Accumulated amortisation

(12,584)

(16,964)

   

 



         
   

Net book amount

97,261

91,534

   

 



         
   

Year ended December 31,

   
   

Opening net book amount

97,261

91,534

   

Currency translation differences

(3,107)

607

   

Amortisation

(2,620)

(2,586)

   

 



         
   

Closing net book amount

91,534

89,555

   

 



         
   

As at December 31,

   
   

Cost

108,498

109,227

   

Accumulated amortisation

(16,964)

(19,672)

   

 



         
   

Net book amount

91,534

89,555

   

 



         
   

As at December 31, 2014, finance leases represented leasehold land situated in Hong Kong held under leases of 32 years (December 31, 2013: 33 years).

     
     

F-111


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

9.

LAND USE RIGHTS AND LEASEHOLD LAND (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Operating leases prepayments

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

As at January 1,

2,496,947

2,652,432

   

Additions

19,817

295,506

   

Acquisition of a subsidiary

613,738

-

   

Transfer from property, plant and equipment (note 8)

13,941

460,421

   

Disposals

(99,088)

(660)

   

Disposal of the discontinued operation

(267,104)

-

   

Deemed disposal of a subsidiary

(48,220)

-

   

Amortisation

(77,599)

(82,022)

   

Impairment loss

-

(140,804)

   

 



         
   

As at December 31,

2,652,432

3,184,873

   

 



         
   

As at December 31, 2014, the Group was in the process of applying for the certificates of land use rights with a carrying amount of RMB399 million (December 31, 2013: RMB359 million). There has been no litigation, claims or assessments against the Group for compensation with respect to the use of land parcels to date. As at December 31, 2014, the carrying value of these land parcels only represented approximately 0.2% of the total asset value of the Group (December 31, 2013: 0.2%). Management believes that it is probable that the Group can obtain the relevant ownership certificates from the appropriate authorities. The directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group legally owns and has the rights to use the above land use rights, and that there is no material adverse impact on the overall financial position of the Group.

     
   

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the amortisation expenses of land use rights and leasehold land were recognized in "general and administrative expenses" in profit or loss amounting to RMB85 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB77 million, 2012 from continuing operations: RMB67 million).

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, the Group has pledged land use rights at a net carrying value amounting to RMB409 million (December 31, 2013: RMB47 million) for bank and other borrowings as set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

     
   

Impairment losses for land use rights

     
   

Due to the continuous decrease in the price of aluminum, some branches and subsidiaries of the Company generated operating losses in 2014 and indicators of impairment are identified for the CGUs of such branches and subsidiaries of the Company. Based on the technique detailed in note 8, an impairment loss of RMB141 million for land use rights was provided for the CGU of the Chongqing Branch of the Company.

     

F-112


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES

   
 

(a)

Investments in joint ventures

     
   

Movements in investments in joint ventures are as follows:

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

As at January 1

1,936,950

2,314,841

   

Addition through acquisition of a subsidiary

217,172

-

   

Capital injections (Note )

180,800

121,200

   

Disposal of investment in a joint venture

(127,220)

-

   

Derecognized investment in a joint venture

(4,500)

-

   

Share of profits and losses for the year

148,749

89,510

   

Share of change in reserves

3,917

196

   

Other changes

(41,027)

-

   

 



         
   

As at December 31

2,314,841

2,525,747

   

 



         
    Note:

In June 2014, Chalco Guizhou Mining Co., Ltd.*(), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, made additional capital injection to Guizhou Chalco Hengtaihe Mining Co., Ltd. ("Hengtaihe Mining") *() of RMB121 million by converting debt to equity in proportion to its 49% equity interest in Hengtaihe Mining, which was a major non-cash transaction.

F-113


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Investments in joint ventures (Continued)

     
   

As at December 31, 2013 and 2014, particulars of the joint ventures of the Group, all of which are unlisted, are as follows:

     
   

Name

Place of
establishment and
operation

Legal status

Registered
and paid-in
capital

Business nature and
scope of operations

Effective equity
interest held

             


             

2013

2014

   


                 
   

Shanxi Jinxin Aluminum

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

20,000

Manufacture and

50%

50%

   

    Co., Ltd. ("Jinxin Aluminum")

 

    company

 

    distribution of

   
   

    ()

     

    primary aluminum

   
   

    (Note)

           
                 
   

Guangxi Huayin Aluminum

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

2,441,987

Manufacture and

33%

33%

   

    Co. Ltd. ("Guangxi Huayin")

 

    company

 

    distribution of alumina

   
   

    ()

           
                 
   

Shanxi Jiexiu Xinyugou

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

200,000

Coal production

34%

34%

   

    Coal Co., Ltd. ("Xinyugou Coal")

 

    company

       
   

    ()

           
                 
   

Shanxi Chengcheng Dongdong Coal
     Co., Ltd. ("Dongdong Coal")

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
    company

95,000

Coal production

45%

45%

   

    ()

           
                 
   

Datong Coal Group Huasheng
    Wanjie Coal Co.,Ltd.
    ("Huasheng Wanjie")

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
   company

10,000

Coal production

49%

49%

   

    (

 

    

       
   

    )

           
                 
   

Henan Chalco Lichuang Mining
     Co.,Ltd. ("Chalco Lichuang")

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
    company

10,000

Sale of bauxite

49%

49%

   

    ()

           
                 
   

Ningxia Zhong Ning
    Power Co., Ltd.
     ("Ningxia Zhong Ning")

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
    company

285,600

Thermal power
     generation

35.41%

35.41%

   

    ()

           
                 
   

Ningxia Da Tang International Dam
     Power Co., Ltd.
    ("Da Tang Power")

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
    company

489,691

Thermal power
    generation

35.41%

35.41%

   

    ()

           
                 
   

Ningxia Tian Jing Shen Zhou
  Wind Power Co., Ltd.
  ("Shen Zhou Power")

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
  company

46,000

Wind power generation

35.41%

35.41%

   

    ()

 

  

       
   








                 

F-114


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Investments in joint ventures (Continued)

     
   

As at December 31, 2013 and 2014, particulars of the joint ventures of the Group, all of which are unlisted, are as follows (Continued):

     
   

Name

Place of
establishment and
operation

Legal status

Registered
and paid-in
capital

Business nature and
scope of operations

Effective equity
interest held

             


             

2013

2014

   


                 
   

Hengtaihe Mining

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
    company

820,000

Coal production

49%

49%

   


   

Note:

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Group's investments in Jinxin Aluminum have been fully written down and the Group does not have obligation to share any additional losses of Jinxin Aluminum.

       
   

*

The English names of joint ventures represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

       

F-115


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Investments in joint ventures (Continued)

     
   

The following table illustrates the aggregate financial information of the Group's joint ventures that are not individually material:

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Share of the joint ventures' profit for the year

148,749

89,510

   

Share of the joint ventures' total comprehensive income

148,749

89,510

   

Aggregate carrying amount of the Group's
    investments in the joint ventures

2,314,841

2,525,747

   

 



         
   

As at December 31, 2014, the proportionate interests of the Group in the joint ventures' capital commitments amounted to RMB75 million (December 31, 2013: RMB253 million).

     
   

There were no material contingent liabilities relating to the Group's interests in the joint ventures and the joint ventures themselves.

     

F-116


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates

     
   

Movements in investments in associates are as follows:

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

As at January 1

17,211,965

4,587,818

   

Capital injection (Note )

1,203,570

88,288

   

Addition through acquisition of a subsidiary

963,605

-

   

Transferred as a subsidiary through business combination

(2,547,579)

-

   

Disposal and deemed disposal of investments in associates

   
   

    (Note (vii))

(13,537,162)

(7,993)

   

Other decrease of investment in an associate (Note (xi))

-

(111,846)

   

A subsidiary transferred to associate

1,157,129

-

   

Loss of control of a subsidiary

15,870

-

   

Share of profits/(loss) for the year from:

   
   

    Continuing operations

511,869

350,575

   

    Discontinued operation

877

-

   

Cash dividends declared (Note (iii))

(38,388)

(58,953)

   

Exchange difference

(374,941)

-

   

Share of change in an associate due to passive
    equity dilution (Note (ii))

-

(14,979)

   

Share of change in reserves

21,003

8,058

   

 



         
   

As at December 31

4,587,818

4,840,968

   

 



         
   

Note:

During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the capital injections in the associates of the Group amounting to RMB67 million and RMB844 million, respectively, were made in cash.

       
     

In July 2014, the capital injection in an associate of the Group amounting to RMB21 million was made in machineries.

       
   

As at December 31, 2014, the investment in an associate of the Company at a net carrying value amounting to RMB451 million (December 31, 2013: RMB473 million) was pledged for bank and other borrowings as set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

     

F-117


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates (Continued)

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, except for Jiaozuo Wanfang which is a listed company, particulars of the associates of the Group, all of which are unlisted, are as follows:

     
   

Name

Place of
establishment and
operation

Legal status

Registered
and paid-in
capital

Business nature and
scope of operations

Effective equity
interest held

             


             

2013

2014

   


                 
   

ABC-CA Fund Management Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability company

200,000

Investments

15%

15%

   

     ("ABC Fund")
    ()
    (Note (i))

 

    

       
                 
   

Jiaozuo Wanfang (Note (ii))

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited company

1,202,845

Smelting of aluminum,
    manufacture and
    distribution of non-
    ferrous metal

17.75%

17.246%

                 
   

Duofuduo (Fushun)

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

126,660

Manufacture and

45%

45%

   

    Technology Development Co., Ltd.

 

    company

 

    distribution of fluoride

   
   

     ("Duofuduo")

     

    products

   
   

     ()

           
                 
   

Qinghai Province Energy
    Development (Group) Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability
  company

Registered

Coal production

21%

21%

   

     ("Qinghai of China Energy")

   

Capital

     
   

     (

 

  

3,555,000

     
   

     )

   

Paid-in

     
         

capital

     
         

2,725,000

     
                 
   

Huozhou Coal Electricity Group

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

50,000

Coal production

21.95%

21.95%

   

     Xingshengyuan Coal Co., Ltd.

 

    company

       
   

     ("Xingshengyuan Coal")

    (

    ) (Note(xi))

           
                 
   

Shanxi Huatuo Alumina Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

30,000

Manufacture of aluminum

10.6%

10.6%

   

    ("Huatuo Alumina")

 

    company

 

     fabricated products

   
   

() (Note(ix))

           
                 
   

Chalco Jinpingguo Foshan Investment

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

20,000

Sale of non-ferrous

40%

-

   

    Co., Ltd. ("Jinpingguo Investment")

 

    company

 

    products and gold

   
   

     ()
     (Note(vii))

     

    products, and investments

   
                 
   

Hua Neng Ningxia Energy Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

1,000,000

Electricity generation

28.33%

28.33%

   

     ("Hua Neng Energy")

 

    company

       
   

     ()

           
   


F-118


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates (Continued)

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, except for Jiaozuo Wanfang which is a listed company, particulars of the associates of the Group, all of which are unlisted, are as follows (Continued):

     
   

Name

Place of
establishment and
operation

Legal status

Registered
and paid-in
capital

Business nature and
scope of operations

Effective equity
interest held

             


             

2013

2014

   


                 
   

Hua Dian Ningxia Ling Wu Power

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

Registered

Thermal power generation

24.79%

24.79%

   

    Co., Ltd.("Ling Wu Power")

 

    company

Capital

     
   

     ()

   

1,300,000

     
   

     (Note(iii))

   

Paid-in

     
         

capita

     
         

2,050,239

     
                 
   

Ningxia Jing Neng Ning Dong Power

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

900,000

Thermal power generation

24.79%

24.79%

   

    Co., Ltd.("Ning Dong Power")
     ()
    (Note(viii))

 

    company

       
                 
   

Shiqiao Accelerator Yinchuan

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

40,000

Research and sales of

9.3%

17.56%

   

    Co., Ltd.("Shiqiao")

 

    company

 

    accelerator

   
   

     ()

           
   

     (Note(x))

           
                 
   

Guizhou Yuneng Mining Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

415,916

Coal production

25%

25%

   

     ("Yuneng Mining")

 

    company

       
   

     ()

           
                 
   

Huozhou Electricity Group Xuehugou

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

140,000

Coal production

49%

49%

   

    Coal Co., Ltd. ("Xuehugou Coal")

 

    company

       
   

     (
    )

           
                 
   

Shanxi Chalco Taiyue New Materials

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

100,000

Investment and

-

35%

   

    Co., Ltd. (" Taiyue New Materials")
     ()
     (Note(iv))

 

    company

 

    construction of
    aluminum hydroxide,
    varieties of alumina,
    metal gallium and
    aluminum-magnesium
    flame retardants

   
                 
   

Guangxi Huazheng Aluminum Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

100,000

Project investment of

-

35%

   

     ("Huazheng Aluminum")

 

    company

 

    primary aluminum and

   
   

     ()
     (Note(v))

     

    captive power plant;
    tenements investment;
    purchase and sale of
    coal; development of
    utilisation of
    aluminum products

   
                 
   

Baotou Tiancheng Aluminum Co., Ltd.

PRC/Mainland of China

Limited liability

69,770

Manufacture and

-

30%

   

     ("Baotou Tiancheng")

 

    company

 

    distribution of

   
   

     ()
     (Note(vi))

     

    aluminum fabricated
    products

   
   


F-119


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates (Continued)

     
   

Note:

 
       
   

(i)

The Company exercises significant influence over ABC Fund through its appointment of a director into the board of directors of ABC Fund.

       
   

(ii)

In February and August 2014, Jiaozuo Wanfang issued restricted shares of 32,130,000 and 1,840,000 to the incentive object, respectively, which led to the passive dilution of equity interest of the Company in Jiaozuo Wanfang from 17.75% to 17.246%.

       
     

As at December 31, 2014, the fair value of the investment in the listed associate, Jiaozuo Wanfang, is RMB2,096 million.

       
   

(iii)

In March 2014, a 70.82% owned subsidiary of the Company, Ningxia Energy made an additional capital injection to Ling Wu Power of RMB27 million in cash in proportion to its 24.79% equity interest in Ling Wu Power.

       
   

(iv)

In May 2014, the Company set up Taiyue New Materials with a third party of the Group, Shanxi New Energy Group Co., Ltd.*(). As at December 31, 2014, the Company has made a capital injection of RMB5 million in cash and held a 35% equity interest in Taiyue New Materials.

       
   

(v)

In March 2014, the Company set up Huazheng Aluminum with a third party of the Group, Guizhou Gaozheng Shiye Development Co., Ltd.* (). As at December 31, 2014, the Company has made a capital injection of RMB35 million in cash and held a 35% equity interest in Huazheng Aluminum.

       
   

(vi)

In July 2014, Baotou Aluminum, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, set up Baotou Tiancheng with a third party of the Group, Beijing Tiancheng Hongye Holding Co., Ltd.*(). As at December 31, 2014, Baotou Aluminum has made a capital injection of RMB21 million in machineries and held a 30% equity interest in Baotou Tiancheng. Since the valuation of the injected machineries had not been completed and the carrying amount and fair value of the machineries are not materially different, Baotou Aluminum recorded the capital injection in the associate with the carrying value of the machineries.

       
   

(vii)

In February 2013, Chalco Trading, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, set up Jinpingguo Investment with two third parties of the Group, Pingguo Asia Aluminum Co., Ltd.*() and Guangxi Jinpingguo Aluminum Co., Ltd. ("Jinpingguo Investment") * (). Chalco Trading held a 40% equity interest in Jinpingguo Investment. In May 2014, the board of directors of Jinpingguo Investment approved to liquidate Jinpingguo Investment because the aluminium scrap recycle project development did not produce positive results. As at December 31, 2014, the liquidation has been completed.

       
   

(viii)

In 2014, Ning Dong Power declared cash dividends of RMB59 million to Ningxia Energy. As at December 31, 2014, Ningxia Energy has received the dividends in cash.

       
   

(ix)

As at December 31, 2014, the Company, through a 51% owned subsidiary, Shanxi Huasheng, indirectly held 10.6% equity interest in Huatuo Alumina and has significant influence on Huatuo Alumina. Shanxi Huasheng held 20.78% equity interest in Huatuo Alumina.

       
   

(x)

As at December 31, 2014, the Company, through a 70.82% owned subsidiary, Ningxia Energy, indirectly held a 17.56% equity interest in Shiqiao and has significant influence on Shiqiao. Ningxia Energy held 24.8% equity interest in Shiqiao.

       

F-120


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

INVESTMENTS IN JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates (Continued)

     
   

Note (Continued):

       
   

(xi)

In 2014, the Group agreed with other shareholders of Xingshengyuan Coal to convert the investment in Xingshengyuan Coal to the creditor's rights from Xingshengyuan Coal in proportion to their equity interest in it. As at December 31, 2014, the Group has converted the investment in Xingshengyuan Coal amounting to RMB112 million to the creditor's rights from Xingshengyuan Coal, after which the equity interest in Xingshengyuan Coal held by the Group is constant.

       
   

*

The English names represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

       
   

The following table illustrates the aggregate financial information of the Group's associates that are not individually material:

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Share of the associates' profits and losses from continuing operations

511,869

350,575

   

Share of the associates' profits and losses from discontinued operation

877

-

   

 



         
   

Share of the associates' total comprehensive income

512,746

350,575

   

 



         
   

Aggregate carrying amount of the Group's investments in the associates

4,587,818

4,840,968

   

 



         
   

As at December 31, 2014, the proportionate interests of the Group in the associates' capital commitments amounted to RMB18 million (December 31, 2013: RMB39 million).

     
   

There were no material contingent liabilities relating to the Group's interests in the associates and the associates themselves.

     

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

11.

AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS

   
   

2013

2014

 


       
 

Stated at cost

   
 

Unlisted equity investments

82,112

74,850

 

 



       
 

Stated at fair value

   
 

Short-term investments

-

4,635,600

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, unlisted equity investments with a carrying amount of RMB75 million (December 31, 2013: RMB82 million) were stated at cost less impairment. The directors of the Company are of the opinion that as these available-for-sale financial investments do not have a quoted market price in an active market and their fair value cannot be reliably measured, therefore, the available-for-sale financial investments are stated as cost. The Group does not intend to dispose them in the near future.

   
 

The short-term investments stated at fair value as at December 31, 2014 represented financial products issued by banks. The fair values of the short-term investments have been calculated by discounting the expected future cash flows using rates currently available for instruments with similar terms, credit risk and remaining maturities.

F-121


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

12.

DEFERRED TAX

   
 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current income tax assets against current income tax liabilities and when the deferred taxes relate to the same tax authority.

   
 

The movements in deferred tax assets and liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2014, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same tax jurisdiction, are as follows:

   
 

Movements in deferred tax assets:

   
   

Provision for
impairment of
receivables,
inventories and
property, plant
and equipment

Accrued
expenses

Tax
deduction
on
purchases of
qualified
equipment

Tax losses

Unrealised
profit at
consolidation

Others

Total

 


                 
 

As at January 1, 2013

406,422

95,502

64,192

1,484,664

46,226

163,500

2,260,506

 

Acquisition of subsidiary

29,156

9,165

-

86

19,309

36,930

94,646

 

Disposal of the discontinued
    operation

(18,635)

(4,902)

-

(74,277)

-

(7,902)

(105,716)

 

Deemed disposal of a
    subsidiary

(39,811)

(5,058)

-

(95,701)

(9,603)

(10,845)

(161,018)

 

Disposal of Alumina
    Production Line of
    Guizhou Branch of the
    Company

(9,274)

-

-

-

-

(3,106)

(12,380)

 

Exchange realignment

-

-

-

(16)

-

(24)

(40)

 

Credited/(charged) to profit
    or loss

136,423

(17,784)

4,966

(306,665)

18,889

(20,197)

(184,368)

 

 








                 
 

As at December 31, 2013

504,281

76,923

69,158

1,008,091

74,821

158,356

1,891,630

 

 








                 
 

As at January 1, 2014

504,281

76,923

69,158

1,008,091

74,821

158,356

1,891,630

 

Write-off of deferred tax
    assets previously
    recogninzed

-

-

(69,158)

(314,156)

-

-

(383,314)

 

Credited/(charged) to
    profit or loss

548,001

280,678

-

14,739

63,209

(11,849)

894,778

 

 








                 
 

As at December 31, 2014

1,052,282

357,601

-

708,674

138,030

146,507

2,403,094

 

 








                 

F-122


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

12.

DEFERRED TAX (CONTINUED)

   

Movements in deferred tax liabilities:

   
   

Interest
capitalisation

Fair value changes of financial assets

Depreciation and amortisation

Asset revaluation

Unrealised taxable losses

Assets of retirement obligation

Fair value adjustments arising from acquisition of subsidiaries

Investment in a subsidiary

Investment in an associate

Total

 


                       
 

As at January 1, 2013

89,952

1,490

5,847

338

45,893

-

-

-

-

143,520

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

1,076

1,104,182

-

-

1,105,258

 

Deemed disposal of a subsidiary

-

-

-

(304)

-

-

-

-

-

(304)

 

Exchange realignment

-

(24)

-

-

-

-

(680)

-

-

(704)

 

(Credited)/charged in profit or loss

(7,669)

(1,410)

1,105

(34)

(36,808)

4,004

(20,488)

-

-

(61,300)

 

 











                       
 

As at December 31, 2013

82,283

56

6,952

-

9,085

5,080

1,083,014

-

-

1,186,470

 

 











                       
                       
 

As at January 1, 2014

82,283

56

6,952

-

9,085

5,080

1,083,014

-

-

1,186,470

 

Exchange realignment

-

-

-

-

-

-

179

-

-

179

 

(Credited)/charged in profit or loss

(3,272)

29,533

369

-

(9,085)

9,773

(23,070)

1,086,686

234,719

1,325,653

 

 











                       
 

As at December 31, 2014

79,011

29,589

7,321

-

-

14,853

1,060,123

1,086,686

234,719

2,512,302

 

 











                       

For presentation purpose, certain deferred tax assets and liabilities have been offset in the statement of financial position. The following is an analysis of the deferred tax balances of the Group for financial reporting purpose:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Net deferred tax assets

1,793,310

952,057

 

 



       
 

Net deferred tax liabilities

1,088,150

1,061,265

 

 



       

As at December 31, 2014, the Group recognized deferred tax liabilities amounting to RMB1,087 million and RMB235 million, respectively, for the taxable temporary differences associated with the investments in Chalco Hong Kong, a subsidiary of the Company, and Jiaozuo Wanfang, an associate of the Company.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for Chalco Hong Kong and Jiaozuo Wanfang, the Group has not recognized deferred tax liabilities for taxable temporary differences associated with the investments in all other subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates. The related taxable temporary differences for such investments will be reversed through future distributions or future disposals. The related distributions are non-taxable since all other subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates of the Group are established in China. Further, the Group can control the disposals of these subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates and has no plan to dispose them in the foreseeable future. Therefore, no deferred tax liability was recognized for such taxable temporary differences which amounting to RMB5,592 million (December 31, 2013: RMB10,242 million).

   

F-123


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

12.

DEFERRED TAX (CONTINUED)

   

As at December 31, 2014, the Group has not recognized deferred tax assets of RMB5,641 million (December 31, 2013: RMB4,177 million) in respect of accumulated tax losses amounting to RMB22,564 million (December 31, 2013: RMB16,709 million) arising in Mainland China that can be carried forward for offsetting against future taxable income, and deferred tax assets of RMB1,922 million (December 31, 2013: RMB668 million) in respect of deductible temporary differences amounting to RMB7,686 million (December 31, 2013: RMB2,672 million) as it was not considered probable that those assets would be realised. The above tax losses will expire in one to five years if unused.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the expiry profile of these tax losses was analysed as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Expiring in

   
 

2014

3,349,848

N/A

 

2015

143,718

106,146

 

2016

467,089

369,627

 

2017

3,258,398

4,840,206

 

2018

9,489,630

9,066,562

 

2019

N/A

8,181,448

 

 



       
 

Total

16,708, 683

22,563,989

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, deferred tax assets amounting to RMB952 million (December 31, 2013: RMB1,793 million) were recognized for tax losses and deductible temporary differences carried forward to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit is probable. The recognition of these deferred tax assets is supported by forecast of future taxable profits available to the Group.

   

F-124


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

13.

OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Financial assets

   
 

    -Receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets

12,288,413

8,195,904

 

    -Other long-term receivables

46,781

197,218

 

 



       
   

12,335,194

8,393,122

 

 



       
 

Advances and deposits paid

   
 

    to suppliers (Note (i))

56,000

2,463,700

 

Other prepayments (Note (ii))

733,776

811,184

 

Long-term prepaid expenses (Note(iii))

281,904

317,275

 

Others (Note (iv))

54,343

493,923

 

 



       
   

1,126,023

4,086,082

 

 



       
   

13,461,217

12,479,204

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for an amount included in receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets amounting to RMB5,058 million (December 31, 2013: RMB7,582 million) and an amount included in advances and deposits paid to suppliers amounting to RMB1,836 million (December 31, 2013: nil) which was denominated in USD, all other amounts in other non-current assets were denominated in RMB (December 31, 2013: all other in RMB).

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets and a prepayment paid to a supplier which were interest-bearing assets, all other amounts in other non-current assets were non-interest-bearing (December 31, 2013: all other non-interest-bearing).

 

Note:

     
 

(i)

As at December 31, 2014, prepayment paid to a supplier amounting to USD300 million (equivalent to RMB1,836 million) is interest-bearing and at a fixed interest rate 7.5% per annum.

     
 

(ii)

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, other prepayments mainly represented prepayments for certain mine development costs.

     
 

(iii)

The amortisation of long-term prepaid expenses of the Group in this year is RMB142 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB60 million).

     
 

(iv)

As at December 31, 2014, certain property, plant and equipment of the Group which was approved to be disposed in near term amounting to RMB276 million, was reclassified to other non-current assets.

     

F-125


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

14.

INVENTORIES

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Raw materials

9,842,095

9,571,808

 

Work-in-progress

7,332,331

6,617,534

 

Finished goods

6,678,470

7,371,603

 

Spare parts

1,001,052

878,823

 

Packaging materials and others

59,901

45,977

 

 



       
   

24,913,849

24,485,745

       
 

Less: provision for impairment of inventories

(1,377,901)

(2,044,297)

 

 



       
   

23,535,948

22,441,448

 

 



       
 

Movements in the provision for impairment of inventories are as follows:

   
   

2013

2014

 


       
 

As at January 1

1,407,364

1,377,901

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

179,844

-

 

Disposal of subsidiaries and business

(179,367)

-

 

Provision for impairment of inventories

1,138,029

1,746,351

 

Reversal arising from increase in net realisable value

(149,023)

(358,750)

 

Reversal upon sales of inventories

(1,018,946)

(721,205)

 

 



       
 

As at December 31

1,377,901

2,044,297

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group has pledged inventories with carrying value of RMB50 million (December 31, 2013: RMB296 million) for bank and other borrowings as set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

   

F-126


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

15.

TRADE AND NOTES RECEIVABLES

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Trade receivables

4,625,662

3,699,603

 

Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(611,510)

(719,992)

 

 



       
   

4,014,152

2,979,611

       
 

Notes receivable

2,142,453

2,332,964

 

 



       
   

6,156,605

5,312,575

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for trade and notes receivables of the Group amounting to RMB901 million which were denominated in USD (December 31, 2013: RMB1,017 million in USD, RMB3 million in EUR), all other trade and notes receivables were denominated in RMB (December 31, 2013: all other in RMB).

   
 

Trade receivables are non-interest-bearing and are generally on terms of 3 to 12 months. Certain of the Group's sales were on advanced payments or documents against payment. The credit terms for sales to certain subsidiaries of Chinalco are receivable on demand. In some cases, these terms are extended for qualifying long term customers that have met specific credit requirements. As at December 31, 2014, the ageing analysis of trade and notes receivables was as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Within 1 year

5,541,652

4,886,034

 

Between 1 and 2 years

173,879

198,425

 

Between 2 and 3 years

188,564

120,418

 

Over 3 years

864,020

827,690

 

 



       
   

6,768,115

6,032,567

       
 

Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(611,510)

(719,992)

 

 



       
   

6,156,605

5,312,575

 

 



       
 

The credit quality of trade and notes receivables that are neither past due nor impaired is assessed by reference to the counterparties' default history. As at December 31, 2014, there was no history of default for these customers.

   

F-127


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

15.

TRADE AND NOTES RECEIVABLES (CONTINUED)

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the ageing analysis of past due but not impaired trade and notes receivables was as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Past due for 1 year

152,916

188,384

 

Past due for 1 to 2 years

153,419

55,029

 

Past due for over 2 years

393,896

346,851

 

 



       
   

700,231

590,264

       
 

Not past due

5,456,374

4,722,311

 

 



       
   

6,156,605

5,312,575

 

 



       
 

The balances of trade and notes receivables that were past due but not impaired relate to a number of individual customers for whom there was no recent history of default. Based on past experience, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that no provision for impairment is necessary in respect of these balances as there has not been a significant change in credit quality and the balances are still considered recoverable within 12 months as at December 31, 2014.

   
 

Included in the Group's trade receivables are amounts due from the Group's joint ventures and associates of RMB8 million (December 31, 2013: RMB1 million) and RMB0.229 million (December 31, 2013: RMB4 million), respectively, which are repayable on similar credit terms to those offered to the major customers of the Group.

   

F-128


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

15.

TRADE AND NOTES RECEIVABLES (CONTINUED)

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group has pledged trade receivables amounting to RMB270 million (December 31, 2013: RMB110 million) and notes receivable amounting to RMB98 million (December 31, 2013: nil) for bank and other borrowings as set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, trade and notes receivables of RMB988 million (December 31, 2013: RMB789 million) of the Group were substantially impaired and provisions of RMB720 million (December 31, 2013: RMB612 million) were made, respectively. The individually impaired receivables mainly relate to customers which are in unexpected difficult economic situations and it was expected that a portion of these receivables would be recovered. The ageing analysis of these trade receivables is as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Within 1 year

82,256

233,477

 

Between 1 and 2 years

59,508

12,184

 

Between 2 and 3 years

50,826

97,317

 

Over 3 years

596,028

645,002

 

 



       
   

788,618

987,980

       
 

Less: provision for impairment

(611,510)

(719,992)

 

 



       
   

177,108

267,988

 

 



       
 

Movements in the provision for impairment of trade and notes receivables are as follows:

   
   

2013

2014

 


       
 

As at January 1

408,256

611,510

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

63,001

-

 

Disposal of the discontinued operation and
    deemed disposal of a subsidiary

(65,849)

-

 

Provision for impairment

249,137

135,682

 

Written off

(26,251)

(3,625)

 

Reversal

(16,784)

(23,575)

 

 



       
 

As at December 31

611,510

719,992

 

 



       

F-129


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

15.

TRADE AND NOTES RECEIVABLES (CONTINUED)

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group discounted certain notes receivables accepted by banks in the PRC to financial institutions with a carrying amount in aggregate of RMB1,374 million (December 31, 2013 RMB2,116 million). In addition, as at December 31, 2014, the Group endorsed certain notes receivables accepted by banks in the PRC to certain of its suppliers in order to settle the trade payables due to such suppliers with a carrying amount in aggregate of RMB12,741 million (December 31, 2013 RMB8,418 million). The above discounted notes and endorsed notes are collectively called as the "Derecognized Notes". The Derecognized Notes have a maturity from one to twelve months at the end of the reporting period. In accordance with the Law of Negotiable Instruments in the PRC, the holders of the Derecognized Notes, including the financial institutions and the suppliers, have a right of recourse against the Group if the PRC banks default (the "Continuing Involvement"). In the opinion of the directors of the Company, the Group has transferred substantially all risks and rewards relating to the Derecognized Notes. Accordingly, it has derecognized the full carrying amounts of the Derecognized Notes and has derecognized the associated trade payables for the endorsed notes or has not recognized any short-term loans for the discounted notes. The maximum exposure to loss from the Group's Continuing Involvement in the Derecognized Notes and the undiscounted cash flows to repurchase these Derecognized Notes is equal to their carrying amounts. In the opinion of the directors of the Company, the fair values of the Group's Continuing Involvement in the Derecognized Notes are not significant.

   
 

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, the Group has not recognized any gain or loss on the date of transfer of the Derecognized Notes. No gains or losses were recognized from the continuing involvement, both during the year or cumulatively.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the Group discounted certain notes receivables accepted by banks in the PRC to financial institutions with a carrying amount in aggregate of RMB98 million (December 31, 2013: nil). In addition, as at December 31, 2014, the Group endorsed certain notes receivable accepted by banks in the PRC to certain of its suppliers in order to settle the trade payables due to such suppliers with a carrying amount of RMB1,074 million (December 31, 2013: nil). The above discounted notes and endorsed notes are collectively called as the "Discounted or Endorsed Notes". In the opinion of the directors, the Group has retained the substantial risks and rewards, which include default risks relating to such Discounted or Endorsed Notes, and accordingly, it continued to recognize the full carrying amounts of the Discounted or Endorsed Notes and recognized the associated trade payables settled for the endorsed notes and recognized the secured short-term loans for the discounted notes. Subsequent to the discount and endorsement, the Group did not retain any rights on the use of the Discounted or Endorsed Notes, including the sale, transfer or pledge of the Discounted or Endorsed Notes to any other third parties. None of the Discounted or Endorsed Notes settled during the year have been recoursed as at December 31, 2014 (December 31, 2013: nil).

F-130


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

16.

OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Financial assets

   
 

    -Deposits

425,388

248,070

 

    -Dividends receivable

125,135

125,159

 

    -Receivables from sales of non-core businesses

141,288

152,753

 

    -Entrusted loans and loans receivable from third parties

206,652

275,091

 

    -Entrusted loans and loans receivable from related parties

1,360,161

1,152,022

 

    -Amounts due from subsidiaries

-

-

 

    -Receivables from disposals of subsidiaries, business and assets

9,002,434

4,307,951

 

    -Interest receivable

294,748

103,060

 

    -Recoverable reimbursement for freight charges

29,306

203,649

 

    -Other financial assets

321,402

660,435

 

 



       
   

11,906,514

7,228,190

       
 

Less: provision for impairment

(235,813)

(407,198)

 

 



       
   

11,670,701

6,820,992

       
 

Receivable of value-added tax refund

15,784

18,891

 

Advances to employees

97,960

94,364

 

Value-added tax recoverable

2,569,055

2,355,758

 

Deposits for investment projects

223,068

40,136

 

Prepaid income tax

250,788

248,903

 

Prepayments to related parties for purchases

326,422

157,988

 

Prepayments to suppliers for purchases and others

6,024,892

3,306,890

 

 



       
   

9,507,969

6,222,930

       
 

Less: provision for impairment

(231,678)

(12,253)

 

 



       
   

9,276,291

6,210,677

       
 

Total other current assets

20,946,992

13,031,669

 

 



       

F-131


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

16.

OTHER CURRENT ASSETS (CONTINUED)

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for an amount included in receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets amounting to RMB2,529 million and an amount included in other items amounting to RMB1,562 million, which were denominated in USD, RMB0.1 million in HKD and RMB0.2 million in AUD (December 31, 2013: RMB5,571 million in USD, RMB0.7 million in HKD), all other amounts in other current assets were denominated in RMB (December 31, 2013: all other in RMB).

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for entrusted loans and loans receivable and receivables from disposal of subsidiaries, business and assets which were interest- bearing assets, all other amounts in other current assets were non-interest-bearing (December 31, 2013: all other non-interest-bearing).

   
 

Included in the Group's other current assets are amounts due from the Group's joint ventures and associates of RMB1,310 million (December 31, 2013: RMB1,442 million) and RMB91 million (December 31, 2013: RMB116 million) (note 36(b)), respectively, which are repayable on similar credit terms to those offered to the major customers of the Group.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the ageing analysis of financial assets included in other current assets was as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Within 1 year

11,271,900

2,041,011

 

Between 1 and 2 years

127,104

4,433,345

 

Between 2 and 3 years

163,987

94,759

 

Over 3 years

343,523

659,075

 

 



       
   

11,906,514

7,228,190

 

Less:provision for impairment

(235,813)

(407,198)

 

 



       
   

11,670,701

6,820,992

 

 



       
 

The credit quality of other receivables that are neither past due nor impaired is assessed by reference to the counterparties' default history.

   

F-132


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

16.

OTHER CURRENT ASSETS (CONTINUED)

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the ageing analysis of past due but not impaired financial assets included in other current assets was as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Past due for 1 year

126,925

334,976

 

Past due for 1 to 2 years

162,070

75,159

 

Past due for over 2 years

122,459

279,301

 

 



       
   

411,454

689,436

       
 

Not past due

11,259,247

6,131,556

 

 



       
   

11,670,701

6,820,992

 

 



       
 

The credit quality of other current assets that were past due but not impaired is assessed by reference to the counterparties' default history. Based on past experience, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that no provision for impairment is necessary in respect of these balances as there has not been a significant change in credit quality and the balances are still considered recoverable within one year.

   
 

In 2014, a decrease amounting to RMB2,346 million of receivables from disposals of subsidiaries, business and assets consisted of the significant non-cash investing activity of the Group. On October 18, 2013, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Chalco Hong Kong, entered into the Share Purchase Agreement with Chinalco and its wholly-owned subsidiary Aluminium Corporation of China Overseas Holdings Limited ("Chinalco Overseas Holdings"), pursuant to which Chalco Hong Kong agreed to transfer its 65% equity interest in Chalco Iron Ore to Chalco Overseas Holdings. The share transfer was completed on December 26, 2013. According to the Share Purchase Agreement, Chinalco Overseas Holdings would undertake a bank loan of Chalco Hong Kong borrowed from China Development Bank () denominated in USD, which was deemed as the first purchase price payment by Chinalco Overseas Holdings. In 2014, the Group had completed the transfer of the bank loan to Chinalco Overseas Holdings and decreased the receivables from Chinalco Overseas Holdings accordingly. This matter consisted of a significant non-cash investing activity of the Group in 2014.

   

F-133


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

16.

OTHER CURRENT ASSETS (CONTINUED)

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, other current assets of RMB436 million (December 31, 2013: RMB481 million) of the Group were impaired and provisions of RMB419 million (December 31, 2013: RMB467 million) were made. The ageing analysis of these current assets is as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Within 1 year

34,993

22,059

 

Between 1 and 2 years

8,548

5,729

 

Between 2 and 3 years

25,144

24,802

 

Over 3 years

412,189

383,755

 

 



       
   

480,874

436,345

       
 

Less: provision for impairment

(467,491)

(419,451)

 

 



       
   

13,383

16,894

 

 



       
 

Movements in the provision for impairment of other current assets are as follows:

   
   

2013

2014

 


       
 

As at January 1

229,131

467,491

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

172,251

-

 

Disposal of the discontinued operation

(1,632)

-

 

Provision for impairment

73,556

43,133

 

Written off

(240)

-

 

Reversal

(5,575)

(12,976)

 

Others

-

(78,197)

 

 



       
 

As at December 31

467,491

419,451

 

 



       

F-134


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

17.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AND TIME DEPOSITS

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Restricted cash

1,039,658

1,655,090

 

Time deposits

4,500

8,500

 

 



       
 

Restricted cash and time deposits

1,044,158

1,663,590

       
 

Cash and cash equivalents

11,381,695

16,268,600

 

 



       
   

12,425,853

17,932,190

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, restricted cash mainly represented deposits held for use in issued notes payable and letters of credit. As at December 31, 2013, restricted cash mainly represented deposits held for use in environmental restoration or issued letters of credit and notes payable.

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, the annual effective interest rate of the above time deposits was 3.06% (December 31, 2013: 3.09%) with average maturity of three months to one year (December 31, 2013: six months to one year).

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, bank balances and cash on hand of the Group were denominated in the following currencies:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

RMB

12,174,840

14,862,816

 

USD

230,718

3,055,287

 

HKD

9,924

4,889

 

EUR

7,382

6,387

 

AUD

2,495

2,751

 

IDR

494

60

 

 



       
   

12,425,853

17,932,190

 

 



       
 

Cash at banks earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. Short-term time deposits are made for varying periods between three month and one year depending on the immediate cash requirements of the Group, and earn interest at the respective short term time deposit rates. The bank balances, time deposit and restricted cash are deposited with creditworthy banks with no recent history of default.

   

F-135


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

18.

SHARE CAPITAL

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

A shares

9,580,522

9,580,522

 

H shares

3,943,966

3,943,966

 

 



       
   

13,524,488

13,524,488

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2013 and 2014, all issued shares are registered and fully paid. Both A shares and H shares rank pari passu to each other.

   
 

The Company's authorised ordinary share capital was 13,524,487,892 shares at par value of RMB1.00 per share as at December 31, 2013 and 2014, respectively. There were 13,524,487,892 ordinary shares issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2013 and 2014, respectively.

   

F-136


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

19.

RESERVES

   
 

The amounts of the Group's reserves and the movements therein for the current and prior years are presented in the consolidated statement of changes in equity on pages F10 to F12 of the financial statements.

   
 

(i)

Other capital reserves

     
   

Other capital reserves mainly represent national debt fund reserve and other government subsidies granted to certain branches and subsidiaries of the Company by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC ("MOF") to support various qualified technical projects of the Group (Note 22(ii)). Pursuant to the relevant MOF documents, these funds were accounted for as a capital injection into the Company after all necessary share increase conditions are satisfied. These funds are mainly regarded as capital reserve before the relevant share increase conditions are met.

     
 

(ii)

Statutory surplus reserve

     
   

Pursuant to the Company Law of the PRC, articles of association and board resolutions of the Company, the Company provides 10% from its net profit for the year determined in accordance with China Accounting Standards for the statutory surplus reserve until the balance of this reserve reaches 50% of the paid-up share capital. Statutory surplus reserve can be used to reduce any losses incurred or to increase share capital of the Company. Statutory surplus reserve balance should not fall below 25% of the registered capital after any such share's issuance.

     
 

(iii)

Special reserve

     
   

Special reserve mainly represents funds set aside for the purpose of certain safety production activities. Pursuant to certain regulations issued by the State Administration of Work Safety of the PRC and other relevant regulatory bodies, the Group is required to set aside funds mainly for mining of bauxite and coal, coal gas production, transportation, metallurgical production and construction service activities at prescribed rates. These funds can be used for maintenance and/or improvements of safety of these activities, and are not available for distribution to shareholders.

     

F-137


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Long-term loans and borrowings

   
       
 

Finance lease payable(note 21)

-

1,429,446

 

 



       
 

Bank and other loans (Note (a))

   
 

    - Secured (Note (f))

13,967,700

15,301,820

 

    - Guaranteed (Note (e))

6,310,303

1,652,737

 

    - Unsecured

15,025,337

14,991,787

 

 



       
   

35,303,340

31,946,344

 

 



       
 

Medium-term notes and bonds and

   
 

long-term bonds (Note (b))

   
 

        - Guaranteed (Note (e))

1,991,481

1,993,821

 

        - Unsecured

19,926,200

20,237,772

 

 



       
   

21,917,681

22,231,593

 

 



       
 

Total long-term loans and borrowings

57,221,021

55,607,383

       
 

Current portion of finance lease payable (note 21)

-

(269,548)

       
 

Current portion of medium-term notes

(2,597,471)

(3,995,762)

       
 

Current portion of

   
 

    long-term bank and other loans

(8,328,722)

(6,572,862)

 

 



       
 

Non-current portion of long-term loans and borrowings

46,294,828

44,769,211

 

 



       

F-138


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS (CONTINUED)

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Short-term loans and borrowings

   
 

Bank and other loans (Note (c))

   
 

    - Secured (Note (f))

1,863,900

2,653,200

 

    - Guaranteed (Note (e))

140,000

1,247,159

 

    - Unsecured

45,142,573

36,892,330

 

 



       
   

47,146,473

40,792,689

 

 



       
 

Short-term bonds, unsecured (Note (d))

15,275,680

23,536,390

 

Current portion of finance lease payable (note 21)

-

269,548

 

Current portion of medium-term notes

2,597,471

3,995,762

 

Current portion of long-term bank and other loans

8,328,722

6,572,862

 

 



       
 

Total short-term borrowings and

   
 

    current portion of long-term loans and borrowings

73,348,346

75,167,251

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for loans and borrowings of the Group amounting to RMB24 million (December 31, 2013: RMB29 million) and RMB4,957 million (December 31, 2013: RMB8,156 million) which were denominated in JPY and USD, respectively, all other loans and borrowings were denominated in RMB. All loans and borrowings were denominated in RMB (December 31, 2013: all other in RMB).

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, interest-bearing loans and borrowings of RMB1,333 million (December 31, 2013: RMB670 million) were due to Chinalco Finance, a subsidiary of Chinalco, including finance lease payable of RMB304 million (December 31, 2013: nil), as set out in note 36(b).

   
 

As at December 31, 2014, interest-bearing loans and borrowings of RMB70 million (December 31, 2013: RMB70 million) were due to Guizhou Aluminium Co., Ltd (), a subsidiary of Chinalco, as set out in note 36(b).

   

F-139


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Notes:

   
 

(a)

Long-term bank and other loans

       
   

(i)

The maturity of long-term bank and other loans of the Group is set out below

       
       
       

Loans from banks and
other financial institutions

Other loans

Total of long-term bank
and other loans

       

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

     


                   
     

Within 1 year

8,317,135

6,558,565

11,587

14,297

8,328,722

6,572,862

     

Between 1 and 2 years

6,288,066

3,316,593

11,789

14,467

6,299,855

3,331,060

     

Between 2 and 5 years

7,586,650

11,770,086

45,296

14,018

7,631,946

11,784,104

     

Over 5 years

13,040,497

10,244,278

2,320

14,040

13,042,817

10,258,318

     

 







                   
       

35,232,348

31,889,522

70,992

56,822

35,303,340

31,946,344

     

 







                   
   

(ii)

Other loans were provided by local bureaus of the Ministry of Finance to the Group. The weighted average annual interest rate of long-term bank and other loans for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 5.64% (2013: 5.84%).

       

F-140


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Notes: (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Medium-term notes and bonds and long-term bonds

     
   

Outstanding long-term bonds and medium-term notes of the Group as at December 31, 2014 are summarised as follows:

     
     

Face value
/maturity

Effective
interest rate

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

   


             
   

2007 long-term bonds

2,000,000/2017

4.64%

1,991,481

1,993,821

   

2010 medium-term notes

1,000,000/2015

4.34%

995,062

998,249

   

2010 medium-term notes

1,000,000/2015

4.20%

994,867

998,040

   

2011 medium-term notes

5,000,000/2016

6.03%

4,988,581

4,896,842

   

2011 Ningxia Energy medium-term bonds

600,000/2014

6.65%

600,000

-

   

2012 Ningxia Energy medium-term bonds

400,000/2017

6.06%

400,000

400,000

   

2011 medium-term bonds

2,000,000/2014

6.36%

1,997,471

-

   

2012 medium-term bonds

2,000,000/2015

5.13%

1,996,335

1,999,473

   

2012 medium-term bonds

3,000,000/2017

5.77%

2,985,743

2,989,167

   

2013 medium-term bonds

3,000,000/2018

5.99%

2,976,266

2,981,609

   

2013 medium-term bonds

2,000,000/2016

6.07%

1,991,875

1,994,753

   

2014 medium-term bonds

3,000,000/2017

7.35%

-

2,979,639

   

 

 

 



             
         

21,917,681

22,231,593

   

 

 

 



             
 

Long-term bonds and medium-term notes and bonds were issued for capital expenditure purposes, operating cash flows and bank loan re-financing.

   

F-141


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Notes: (Continued)

   
 

(c)

Short-term bank and other loans

     
   

Other loans were entrusted loans provided by state-owned companies to the Group.

     
   

The weighted average annual interest rate of short-term bank and other loans for the year end December 31, 2014 was 5.48% (2013: 5.69%).

     
 

(d)

Short-term bonds

     
   

Outstanding short-term bonds of the Group as at December 31, 2014 are summarised as follows:

     
     

Face value
/maturity

Effective
interest rate

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

   


             
   

2013 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2014

4.33%

3,095,345

-

   

2013 short-term bonds

5,000,000/2014

5.52%

5,069,934

-

   

2013 short-term bonds

2,000,000/2014

4.21%

2,047,313

-

   

2013 short-term bonds

2,000,000/2014

4.70%

2,044,553

-

   

2013 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2014

6.21%

3,018,535

-

   

2014 short-term bonds

2,000,000/2015

6.45%

-

2,092,959

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.40%

-

3,049,586

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.85%

-

3,115,170

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.94%

-

3,116,780

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.80%

-

3,102,335

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

4.99%

-

3,028,864

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

4.75%

-

3,022,213

   

2014 short-term bonds

3,000,000/2015

5.00%

-

3,008,483

   

 

 

 



             
         

15,275,680

23,536,390

   

 

 

 



             
   

All the above short-term bonds were issued for working capital.

     

F-142


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS (CONTINUED)

   
 

Notes: (Continued)

   
 

(e)

Guaranteed interest bearing loans and borrowings

     
   

Details of the interest bearing loans and borrowings in which the Group received guarantees are set out as follows:

     
   

Guarantors

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

   


         
         
   

Long-term bonds

   
   

Bank of Communications ()

1,991,481

1,993,821

   

 



         
   

Long-term loans

   
   

Lanzhou Aluminum Factory() (Note (i))

20,000

16,000

   

The Company

4,471,166

-

   

Ningxia Tianjing Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
    () (Note (ii))

102,400

-

   

Yinxing Energy (Note (iii))

148,000

136,000

   

Ningxia Power Investment Corporation
    () (Note (ii))

26,000

-

   

Ningxia Energy (Note (iii))

319,400

277,400

   

Agricultural Bank of China Limited, Head Office, Banking Department
    ()

1,223,337

1,223,337

   

 



         
     

6,310,303

1,652,737

   

 



         
   

Short-term loans

   
   

The Company

-

587,424

   

Ningxia Energy (Note (iii))

120,000

140,000

   

Yinxing Energy (Note (iii))

20,000

-

   

Guizhou Aluminium Co, Ltd () (Note (i))

-

122,000

   

Chalco Trading (Note (iii))

-

397,735

   

 



         
     

140,000

1,247,159

   

 



   

   
   

The English names represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

     
   

Note:

 
       
   

(i)

The guarantor is a subsidiary of Chinalco.

       
   

(ii)

The guarantor is a third party of the Group.

       
   

(iii)

The guarantor is a subsidiary of the Group.

       
 

(f)

Secured interest-bearing loans and borrowings

     
   

The assets pledged for bank and other borrowings were set out in note 25 to the financial statements.

F-143


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

21.

FINANCE LEASE PAYABLE

   
 

As disclosed in note 8, the Group leased certain machinery under finance lease with the lease term of three or five years.

   
 

At December 31, 2014, the total future minimum lease payments under finance lease and their present value are as follows:

   
   

Minimum lease payments

Present value of minimum lease payments

   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


           
 

Original amounts payable

-

2,063,484

-

1,773,079

           
 

Amounts paid during the year

-

(390,433)

-

(343,633)

 

 





           
 

Amounts payable at the end of the year

-

1,673,051

-

1,429,446

 

 





           
 

Amounts payable:

       
 

    Within one year

-

318,103

-

269,548

 

    In the second year

-

444,022

-

390,768

 

    In the third to fifth years, inclusive

-

910,926

-

769,130

 

 





           
 

Total minimum finance

       
 

    lease payment

-

1,673,051

-

1,429,446

 

 





           
 

Future finance charges

-

(243,605)

   
 

 



 

 

           
 

Total net finance lease

       
 

    payables (note 20)

-

1,429,446

   
           
 

Portion classified as current liabilities (note 20)

-

(269,548)

   
 

 



 

 

           
 

Non-current portion

-

1,159,898

   
 

 



 

 

           

F-144


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

22.

OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Financial liabilities

   
 

    -Long-term payables for mining rights

767,157

757,185

 

    -Other financial liabilities

-

14,109

 

 



       
   

767,157

771,294

       
 

Obligations in relation to early retirement schemes (Note (i))

49,372

1,128,572

 

Deferred government grants

649,975

824,631

 

Deferred government subsidies (Note (ii))

119,080

104,080

 

Provision for rehabilitation

91,311

94,195

 

Others

7,481

14,315

 

 



       
   

917,219

2,165,793

       
   

1,684,376

2,937,087

 

 



       
 

Notes:

 
     
 

(i)

Obligations in relation to early retirement schemes

     
   

During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2010 and 2009, certain subsidiaries and branches implemented certain early retirement benefit schemes which allow qualified employees to early retire on a voluntary basis. The Group undertook obligation to pay the early retirement employees' living expenses within 6 years in the future on a month basis according to early retirement benefit schemes, together with social insurance and housing fund pursuant to the regulation of local Social Security Office. Living expenses, social insurance and housing fund are together called as "the Payments". The Payments are forecasted to increase by 3% per annum with reference to the inflation rate and adjusted based on the average death rate of China. The Payments are discounted by Treasury bond rate of December 31, 2014 and charged to "general and administrative expenses". As at December 31, 2014, the current portion of the Payments within one year is reclassified to "other payables and accrued liabilities".

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, obligations in relation to retirement benefits under the Group's early retirement schemes are as follows:

     
     

2013

2014

   


         
   

As at January 1

149,782

80,040

   

Provision made during the year (Note 27(b))/(Note 30)

3,788

1,360,284

   

Interest costs

1,263

3,868

   

Utilisation during the year

(62,214)

(70,091)

   

Deemed disposal of a subsidiary

(12,579)

-

   

 



         
   

As at December 31

80,040

1,374,101

   

 



         
   

Non-current

49,372

1,128,572

   

Current (Note 23)

30,668

245,529

   

 



         
     

80,040

1,374,101

   

 



         
 

(ii)

Deferred government subsidies represent certain national debt fund reserve and other subsidies granted by governmental units to support various qualified technical projects of the Group. These subsidies are deferred at the time they were received and are released when certain pre-determined conditions are met.

     

F-145


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

23.

OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Financial liabilities

   
 

    -Payable for capital expenditures

5,486,515

5,599,870

 

    -Accrued interest

726,064

923,930

 

    -Payables withheld as guarantees and deposits

601,850

960,935

 

    -Dividends payable by subsidiaries to non-controlling shareholders

108,251

187,228

 

    -Consideration payable for investment projects

126,527

89,569

 

    -Current portion of payables for mining rights

680,394

519,990

 

    -Payable to subsidiaries

-

-

 

    -Others

756,734

920,101

 

 



       
   

8,486,335

9,201,623

       
 

Sales and other deposits from customers

1,565,691

2,697,439

 

Taxes other than income taxes payable (Note)

431,848

374,721

 

Accrued payroll and bonus

108,143

277,239

 

Staff welfare payables

201,022

251,587

 

Current portion of obligation in relation to early
    retirement schemes (note 22)

30,668

245,529

 

Contribution payable for pension insurance

26,111

51,266

 

Others

10,291

111,756

 

 



       
   

2,373,774

4,009,537

       
   

10,860,109

13,211,160

 

 



       
 

Note:

Taxes other than income taxes payable mainly comprise accruals for value-added tax, resource tax, city construction tax and education surcharge.

     
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for other payables and accrued liabilities of the Group amounting to RMB365 million and RMB0.004 million which were denominated in USD and HKD, respectively (December 31, 2013: RMB63 million in USD, RMB7.9 million in HKD, RMB1.6 million in EUR), all other payables and accrued liabilities were denominated in RMB (December 31, 2013: all other in RMB).

   

F-146


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

24.

TRADE AND NOTES PAYABLES

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Trade payables

8,770,506

10,514,248

 

Notes payable

3,631,144

5,234,103

 

 



       
   

12,401,650

15,748,351

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, except for trade and notes payables of the Group amounting to RMB1,450 million (December 31, 2013: RMB209 million) and RMB0.2 million (December 31, 2013: nil), which were denominated in USD and EUR, respectively, all other trade and notes payables were denominated in RMB (December 31, 2013: all other in RMB).

   
 

The ageing analysis of trade and notes payables is as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Within 1 year

11,458,223

15,213,106

 

Between 1 and 2 years

427,969

293,750

 

Between 2 and 3 years

258,878

62,865

 

Over 3 years

256,580

178,630

 

 



       
   

12,401,650

15,748,351

 

 



       
 

The trade and notes payables are non-interest bearing and are normally settled within one year.

   

F-147


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

25.

PLEDGE OF ASSETS

   
 

The Group has pledged various assets as collateral against certain secured borrowings as set out in Note 20. As at December 31, 2014, a summary of these pledged assets was as follows:

   
   

December 31,
2013

December 31,
2014

 


       
 

Property, plant and equipment (note 8)

7,291,960

9,249,127

 

Land use rights (note 9(b))

46,666

409,181

 

Intangible assets (note 7)

798,627

1,124,726

 

Inventories (note 14)

296,000

50,000

 

Investment in an associate (note 10(b))

472,974

450,611

 

Notes receivable (note 15)

-

98,000

 

Trade receivables (note 15)

110,000

270,084

 

 



       
   

9,016,227

11,651,729

 

 



       
 

As at December 31, 2014, in addition to the loans and borrowings which were pledged by the above assets, current portion of long-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB874 million (December 31, 2013: RMB772 million) and non-current portion of long-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB11,572 million (December 31, 2013:RMB11,610 million) were secured by the contractual right to charge users for electricity generated in the future. Short-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB241 million (December 31, 2013:RMB385 million) were secured by letters of credit. As at December 31, 2014,current portion of long-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB10 million and non-current portion of long-term loans and borrowings amounting to RMB1,677 million were secured by the investment in a 70.82% owned subsidiary of the Company, Ningxia Energy. As at December 31, 2014, the balance of investment in Ningxia Energy of the Company is RMB5,384 million. In addition, as at December 31, 2014, a short-term loan amounting to RMB55 million (December 31, 2013: nil) was secured by the trade receivables in the Group which had been offset.

   

F-148


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

26

(LOSS)/PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX

   
 

An analysis of profit or loss before income tax is as follows:

   
   

2012

2013

2014

 


         
 

From continuing operations

     
 

Purchase of inventories in relation to trading activities

65,426,274

91,157,837

71,647,273

 

Raw materials and consumables used

46,587,502

38,275,430

34,776,798

 

Changes in work-in-progress and finished goods

(2,510,122)

(605,633)

1,045,858

 

Power and utilities

24,802,463

21,424,550

17,738,754

 

Depreciation and amortisation

6,385,153

7,224,645

7,469,428

 

Employee benefit expenses

6,108,094

6,553,286

7,855,666

 

Repair and maintenance

1,355,342

1,474,121

1,857,471

 

Transportation expenses

1,327,353

1,168,669

1,047,427

         
 

Note:

For the year ended December 31, 2014, employee benefit expenses include early retirement benefit expenses and termination benefit expenses amounting to RMB1,360 million and RMB176 million, respectively.

     

F-149


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

27.

OPERATING EXPENSES

     
 

(a)

Selling and distribution expenses

     
   

An analysis of selling and distribution expenses from continuing operations is as follows:

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Transportation and loading expenses

1,248,326

1,204,110

1,047,427

   

Packaging expenses

193,577

217,869

249,843

   

Port expenses

70,984

68,784

61,707

   

Employee benefit expenses

39,239

69,073

69,144

   

Sales commissions and other handling fees

27,166

33,479

36,553

   

Warehouse and other storage fees

59,850

59,206

52,077

   

Marketing and advertising expenses

16,032

15,220

7,011

   

Depreciation of non-production property,

 

 

 

   

    plant and equipment (Note 8)

30,395

33,457

31,896

   

Others

148,414

158,022

197,576

   

 




           
     

1,833,983

1,859,220

1,753,234

   

 




           

F-150


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

27.

OPERATING EXPENSES (CONTINUED)

     
 

(b)

General and administrative expenses

     
   

An analysis of general and administrative expenses is as follows:

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Early retirement benefit expenses (note 22)

22,293

3,788

1,360,284

   

Termination benefit expenses (note 30)

-

-

176,002

   

Employee benefit expenses

839,742

964,654

1,044,729

   

Taxes other than income tax expense (Note(i))

543,023

593,197

519,403

   

Travelling and entertainment

172,215

133,394

89,833

   

Depreciation of non-production property,
    plant and equipment (Note 8)

150,635

159,030

179,813

   

Provision for impairment of receivables, net

48,904

297,337

142,264

   

Impairment of available-for-sale investment

7,778

-

-

   

Operating lease rental expenses

137,805

142,084

118,831

   

Legal and other professional fees

107,091

51,231

51,164

   

Amortisation of land use rights and leasehold land (Note 9)

66,804

76,994

84,608

   

Utilities and office supplies

37,151

37,874

34,697

   

Repairs and maintenance expenses

41,421

39,732

39,134

   

Insurance expense

57,757

40,693

33,433

   

Pollutants discharge fees

34,482

24,583

28,984

   

Auditors' remuneration (Note(ii))

26,850

31,444

25,176

   

Amortisation of intangible assets (Note 7)

23,671

30,372

42,105

   

Water and electricity expenses

33,656

20,708

24,176

   

Labor protection fees

8,730

5,891

12,965

   

Amortisation of long-term prepayments

2,119

8,911

29,532

   

Property management fees

31,700

37,653

40,693

   

Bank charges and others

48,448

92,608

110,968

   

Impairment of intangible assets and land use rights
    and leasehold land (note 7 and note 9(b))

-

-

249,228

   

Machine material consumption

22,610

19,798

12,264

   

The guard and fire protection fees

9,567

10,502

12,399

   

Others

275,770

124,401

369,471

   

 




           
     

2,750,222

2,946,879

4,832,156

   

 




           
   

Note:

 
       
   

(i)

Taxes other than income tax expense mainly comprise business tax, surcharges, land use tax, property tax and stamp duty.

       
   

(ii)

During the year ended December 31, 2014, auditors' remuneration include audit and non-audit services provided by Ernst & Young firms including Ernst & Young and Ernst & Young Hua Ming LLP amounting to RMB22.2 million (2013: RMB25.2 million), and services provided by other auditors.

   

 

F-151


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

28.

OTHER INCOME AND OTHER GAIN/(LOSSES), NET

     
 

(a)

Government grants

     
   

For the year ended December 31, 2014, government grants amounting to RMB824 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB806 million; 2012 from continuing operations: RMB735 million) were recognized as income for the year necessary to compensate the costs and the Group's development. There are no unfulfilled conditions or contingencies attached to the grants.

     
 

(b)

Other (losses) gains, net

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Gain on acquisition of a subsidiary

-

651,185

-

   

Gain on previously held equity interest remeasured
    at acquisition-date fair value

-

53,953

-

   

Gain on deemed disposal of a subsidiary

-

804,766

-

   

Gain on disposal of Aluminum Production Line

-

33,247

-

   

Gain on disposal of investments in
    a joint venture and associates

-

5,709

-

   

Gain on acquisition of the investment in an associate

504,773

-

-

   

Realised gains on futures, forward and
    option contracts, net (Note)

(115,519)

105,565

156,617

   

Unrealised gains on futures,
    forward and option contracts, net (Note)

(20,109)

10,318

110,250

   

(Losses)/gains on disposal of property,
    plant and equipment and land use rights, net

(455,081)

209,057

(44,144)

   

Gain on financial products

-

18,746

71,023

   

Gain on disposal of subsidiaries

-

5,413,244

-

   

Others

68,947

93,462

63,189

   

 




           
     

(16,989)

7,399,252

356,935

   

 




           
   

Note:

None of these futures, forward and option contracts is designated for hedge accounting.

       

F-152


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

29.

FINANCE INCOME/FINANCE COSTS

     
 

An analysis of finance income/finance costs from continuing operations is as follows:

     
   

2012

2013

2014

 


         
 

Finance income-interest income

(302,346)

(616,576)

(1,047,607)

 

 




         
 

Interest expense

4,902,324

6,500,820

7,116,295

 

Less: interest expense capitalised in property,
          plant and equipment (Note 8)

(529,937)

(634,599)

(532,695)

 

 




         
 

Interest expense, net of capitalised interest

4,372,387

5,866,221

6,583,600

         
 

Amortisation of future finance charges

-

82,698

123,881

         
 

Exchange (gains)/losses, net

(9,417)

(99,273)

10,464

 

 




         
 

Finance costs

4,362,970

5,849,646

6,717,945

 

 




         
 

Finance costs, net

4,060,624

5,233,070

5,670,338

 

 




         
 

Capitalisation rate during the year (Note 8)

5.05% to 6.87%

4.05% to 6.25%

5.80% to 7.10%

 

 




         

30.

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES

     
 

An analysis of employee benefit expenses from continuing operation for year 2012, 2013 and 2014 are as follows:

     
   

2012

2013

2014

 


         
 

Salaries and bonus

4,366,302

4,849,651

4,314,247

 

Housing fund

420,572

472,557

424,238

 

Staff welfare and other expenses (Note)

1,701,834

2,001,061

1,879,197

 

Employment expense in relation to early retirement
    schemes (note 22 and note 27(b))

22,293

3,788

1,360,284

 

Employment expenses in relation to termination
    benefit (note 27(b))

-

-

176,002

 

 




         
   

6,511,001

7,327,057

8,153,968

 

 




         
 

Note:

Staff welfare and other expenses include staff welfare, staff union expenses, staff education expenses, unemployment insurance expenses and pension insurance expenses, etc.

     
 

Employee benefit expenses include remuneration payable to directors, supervisors and senior management as set out in Note 31.

   

F-153


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

31.

DIRECTORS', SUPERVISORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT'S REMUNERATION

     
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration

     
   

The aggregate amounts of remuneration payables to directors and supervisors of the Company during the year are as follows:

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Fees

732

689

622

   

Basic salaries, housing fund, other allowances

 

 

 

   

    and benefits in kind

2,410

3,297

2,590

   

Discretionary bonus

-

-

-

   

Pension cost

165

193

316

   

 




           
     

3,307

4,179

3,528

   

 




           
   

The remuneration of each director and supervisor of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2012 is set out below:

     
   

Name of directors and supervisors

Fees

Salary

Discretionary Bonus

Pension

Total

   


               
   

Directors:

         
   

Xiong Weiping

-

545

-

33

578

   

Luo Jianchuan

-

496

-

33

529

   

Liu Caiming (Note (i))

-

493

-

33

526

   

Liu Xiangmin

-

493

-

33

526

   

Shi Chungui

150

-

-

-

150

   

Lv Youqing

-

-

-

-

-

   

Zhang Zhuoyuan

194

-

-

-

194

   

Zhu Demiao

194

-

-

-

194

   

Wang Mengkui

194

-

-

-

194

   

 






               
     

732

2,027

-

132

2,891

   

 






               
   

Supervisors:

         
   

Ao Hong

-

-

-

-

-

   

Yuan Li

-

383

-

33

416

   

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   

 






               
     

-

383

-

33

416

   

 






               
   

Total

732

2,410

-

165

3,307

   

 






               

F-154


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

31.

DIRECTORS', SUPERVISORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT'S REMUNERATION (CONTINUED)

     
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration (Continued)

     
   

The remuneration of each director and supervisor of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2013 is set out below:

     
   

Name of directors and supervisors

Fees

Salary

Discretionary Bonus

Pension

Total

   


               
   

Directors:

         
   

Xiong Weiping

-

733

-

37

770

   

Luo Jianchuan

-

653

-

37

690

   

Liu Caiming

-

164

-

8

172

   

Liu Xiangmin

-

627

-

37

664

   

Jiang Yinggang

-

599

-

37

636

   

Wu Jianchang

94

-

-

-

94

   

Ma Si-hang, Frederick

94

-

-

-

94

   

Wu Zhenfang

63

-

-

-

63

   

Wang Jun

75

-

-

-

75

   

Shi Chungui

75

-

-

-

75

   

Lv Youqing

-

-

-

-

-

   

Zhang Zhuoyuan

96

-

-

-

96

   

Wang Mengkui

96

-

-

-

96

   

Zhu Demiao

96

-

-

-

96

   

 






               
     

689

2,776

-

156

3,621

   

 






               
   

Supervisors:

         
   

Ao Hong

-

-

-

-

-

   

Zhao Zhao

-

-

-

-

-

   

Yuan Li

-

521

-

37

558

   

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   

 






               
     

-

521

-

37

558

   

 






               
   

Total

689

3,297

-

193

4,179

   

 






               

F-155


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

31.

DIRECTORS', SUPERVISORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT'S REMUNERATION (CONTINUED)

     
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration (Continued)

     
   

The remuneration of each director and supervisor of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2014 is set out below:

     
   

Name of directors and supervisors

Fees

Salary

Discretionary Bonus

Pension

Total

   


               
   

Directors:

         
   

Xiong Weiping

-

606

-

63

669

   

Luo Jianchuan

-

528

-

63

591

   

Liu Xiangmin

-

515

-

63

578

   

Jiang Yinggang

-

491

-

63

554

   

Wu Jianchang (Note (i))

94

-

-

-

94

   

Ma Si-hang, Frederick

         
   

    (Note (ii))

189

-

-

-

189

   

Wu Zhenfang (Note (iii))

189

-

-

-

189

   

Wang Jun (Note (iv))

150

-

-

-

150

   

Liu Caiming (Note (v))

-

-

-

-

-

   

Sun Zhaoxue (Note (vi))

-

-

-

-

-

   

 






               
     

622

2,140

-

252

3,014

   

 






               
   

Supervisors:

         
   

Zhao Zhao

-

-

-

-

-

   

Yuan Li

-

450

-

64

514

   

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   

 






               
     

-

450

-

64

514

   

 






               
   

Total

622

2,590

-

316

3,528

   

 






               
   

Note:

 
       
   

(i)

On June 27, 2014, Wu Jianchang resigned due to the age, which took effect on February 26, 2015.

       
   

(ii)

Ma Si-hang, Frederick was appointed as director at the 2012 general meeting of shareholders on June 27, 2013.

       
   

(iii)

Wu Zhenfang was appointed as director at the 2013 first extraordinary general meeting of Shareholders on August 30, 2013. On April 2, 2015, Wu Zhenfang resigned from the position of a non-executive director, and he was under investigation.

       
   

(iv)

Wang Jun was appointed as director at the 2012 general meeting of Shareholders on June 27, 2013.

       
   

(v)

On March 18, 2014, Liu Caiming resigned from the position of a non-executive director. On February 26, 2015, Liu Caiming returned to the position of a non-executive director.

       
   

(vi)

On September 16, 2014, Sun Zhaoxue resigned from the position of a non-executive director and a vice president, and he was under investigation.

   

 

F-156


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

31.

DIRECTORS', SUPERVISORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT'S REMUNERATION (CONTINUED)

     
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration (Continued)

     
   

The remuneration of the directors and supervisors of the Company fell within the following bands:

     
     

Number of individuals

     


     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Nil to RMB1,000,000

12

18

13

   

 




           
   

During the year, no options were granted to the directors or the supervisors of the Company (2012 and 2013: nil).

     
   

During the year, no emoluments were paid to the directors or the supervisors of the Company (among which included the five highest paid employees) as an inducement to join or upon joining the Company or as compensation for loss of office (2012 and 2013: nil).

     
   

No directors or supervisors of the Company waived any remuneration during the year 2012, 2013 and 2014.

     
 

(b)

Five highest paid individuals

     
   

During the year ended December 31, 2014, the five highest paid employees of the Group include four (2012: 4; 2013: 4) directors whose remunerations are reflected in the analysis presented above. The remuneration payable to the remaining one (2012: 1; 2013: 1) individual during the year is as follows:

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Basic salaries, housing fund, other allowances
    and benefits in kind

440

645

491

   

Discretionary bonus

-

-

-

   

Pension cost

33

37

63

   

 




           
     

473

682

554

   

 




           
   

The number of the remaining one individual during 2014 (2012:1; 2013: 1) whose remuneration fell within the following band is as follows:

     
     

Number of employees

     


     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Nil to RMB1,000,000

1

1

1

   

 




           

F-157


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

32.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE/(BENEFIT) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

     
   

2012

2013

2014

 


         
 

Current income tax expense:

     
 

    - PRC enterprise income tax

155,629

214,631

260,721

         
 

Deferred income tax (benefit)/expense

(526,721)

124,920

814,189

 

 




         
   

(371,092)

339,551

1,074,910

 

 




         
 

In general, the Group's PRC entities are subject to PRC corporate income tax at the standard rate of 25% (2012: 25%; 2013: 25%) on their respective estimated assessable profits for the year. Certain branches and subsidiaries of the Company located in the western regions of the PRC are granted tax concessions including a preferential tax rate of 15% (2012: 15%; 2013: 15%).

   
 

In addition, in accordance with the relevant tax rules, the Company and its branches are subject to the applicable effective tax rate, which changes depending on the profitability and the tax rate applicable to each branch and the Company on a combined basis. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the effective tax rate applicable to the Company and its branches on a combined basis was 23.70% (2012: 22.16%; 2013: 22.26%).

   
 

The reconciliation between the tax on the Group's profit or loss before income tax from continuing operations and the theoretical tax amount that would arise using the weighted average tax rate applicable to profit or loss of the consolidated entities from continuing operations is as follows:

   
   

2012

2013

2014

 


         
 

Profit/(loss) before income tax from continuing operations:

(7,827,376)

883,241

(15,974,523)

 

 




         
 

Tax expense/(benefit) calculated at standard income
    tax rate of 25% (2012 and 2013: 25%)

(1,956,844)

220,810

(3,993,631)

 

Tax effects of:

     
 

    Preferential income tax rates applicable to
        certain branches and subsidiaries

138,558

(91,880)

(19,631)

 

    Impact of change in income tax rate

24,375

2,424

(53,490)

 

    Tax losses for which no deferred income tax assets were recognized

635,337

2,364,091

2,045,362

 

    Deductible temporary differences for which
        no deferred income tax assets were recognized

25,655

59,779

1,223,707

 

    Utilisation of previously unrecognized tax losses and expenses

(2,028)

(140,368)

(9,477)

 

    Tax incentive in relation to deduction limits of certain expenses

(13,759)

(14,096)

(4,949)

 

    Income not subject to tax

(218,654)

(2,434,836)

(205,539)

 

    Expenses not deductible for tax purposes

54,331

41,222

419,722

 

    Write-off of unrecoverable deferred tax assets

958,197

345,009

383,314

 

Recognition of deferred tax liabilities related to
    investments in a subsidiary and an associate

-

-

1,321,405

 

True up adjustments in respect of prior year's
    annual income tax filings

(16,260)

(12,604)

(31,883)

 

 




         
 

Income tax expense from continuing operations

(371,092)

339,551

1,074,910

 

 




         
 

Effective tax rate

4.74%

38.44%

(6.73%)

 

 




         

F-158


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

32.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE/(BENEFIT) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

The decrease in the weighted average effective rate is mainly due to fluctuation in profitability of certain subsidiaries and branches and recognition of deferred tax liabilities previously unrecognized for taxable temporary differences relating to the investment in an overseas subsidiary and an associate.

   
 

Share of income tax expense of associates and joint ventures of RMB52.0 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB23.5 million; 2012 from continuing operations: RMB99 million) and RMB20.4 million (2013 from continuing operations: RMB7.7 million; 2012 from continuing operations: RMB4 million;) were included in "share of profits and losses of associates" and "share of profits and losses of joint ventures", respectively.

   

33.

EARNINGS/(LOSS) PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO ORDINARY EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE PARENT

   
 

(a)

Basic

     
   

Basic earnings/(loss) per share were calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) attributable to owners of the parent by the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year.

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

(Loss)/profit attributable to owners of the parent (RMB)

     
   

    -From continuing operation

(7,163,361,000)

739,333,000

(16,216,880,000)

   

    -From discontinued operation

(1,070,393,000)

235,913,000

-

     




     

(8,233,754,000)

975,246,000

(16,216,880,000)

     




   

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue

13,524,487,892

13,524,487,892

13,524,487,892

     




   

Basic (loss)/earnings per share (RMB)

     
   

    -From continuing operation

(0.53)

0.05

(1.20)

   

    -From discontinued operation

(0.08)

0.02

-

     




     

(0.61)

0.07

(1.20)

     




           
 

(b)

Diluted

     
   

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share from continuing operations and discontinued operation for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014 are the same as the basic earnings/(loss) per share from continuing operations and discontinued operation as there were no dilutive potential shares during those years.

     

F-159


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

34.

DIVIDENDS

   
 

According to the articles of association of the Company, the Company considers the maximum limit of profit appropriation to its shareholders is the lowest of:

   
 

(i)

the sum of current period net profit and opening retained earnings in accordance with IFRS,

     
 

(ii)

the sum of current period net profit and opening retained earnings in accordance with the PRC Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises, and

     
 

(iii)

the amount limited by the Company Law of the PRC.

     
 

According to the resolution at the annual shareholders' meeting dated March 18, 2014, no dividend would be distributed for the year ended December 31, 2013. Thus, no dividend was paid in 2014 (2013: nil; 2012: nil).

   
 

According to the resolution of the Board of Directors dated March 25, 2015, the directors did not propose any final dividend for the year ended December 31, 2014, which is to be approved by the shareholders (2012: nil; 2013: nil).

 

F-160


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

35.

CASH FLOWS GENERATED FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

   
   

Note

2012

2013

2014

 


           
 

Cash flows generated from operating activities

       
 

(Loss)/profit before income tax:

       
 

    From continuing operations

 

(7,827,376)

883,241

(15,974,523)

 

    From discontinued operation

6

(1,264,686)

(414,618)

-

 

Adjustments for:

       
 

Share of profits of joint ventures

10(a)

(37,040)

(148,749)

(89,510)

 

Share of profits of associates

10(b)

(254,848)

(512,746)

(350,575)

 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

8

6,140,958

6,956,651

6,955,395

 

Loss/(gain) on disposal of property, plant and
    equipment and leasehold land

28(b)

455,870

(242,304)

44,144

 

Impairment loss of property, plant and equipment

8

19,903

501,159

5,679,521

 

Impairment loss of intangible assets

7

-

7

108,424

 

Impairment loss of available-for-sale
    financial investments

 

7,778

-

-

 

Impairment loss of land use rights and leasehold land

9

-

-

140,804

 

Amortisation of intangible assets

7

93,656

277,740

287,299

 

Amortisation of land use rights and leasehold land

9

74,552

80,219

84,608

 

Amortisation of prepaid expenses included
    in other non-current assets

13

75,987

73,598

142,126

 

Realised and unrealised losses/(gains) on futures,
    options and forward contracts

28(b)

143,334

(96,096)

(266,867)

 

Gain on acquisition of the investment in an associate

 

(504,773)

-

-

 

Gain on acquisition of a subsidiary

 

-

(651,185)

-

 

Gain on disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang

 

-

(804,766)

-

 

Gain on disposal of Chalco Iron Ore

 

-

(5,413,244)

-

 

Gain on disposal of investments in
    a joint venture and an associate

 

-

(5,709)

-

 

Gain on previously held equity interest
    remeasured at acquisition-date fair value

 

-

(53,953)

-

 

Receipt from government subsidy

 

(56,893)

(134,806)

(154,726)

 

Interest income

 

(49,668)

(2,928)

(605,385)

 

Interest expense

 

4,913,559

6,119,696

6,707,481

 

(Loss)/gain on financial products

28(b)

(26,960)

18,749

71,023

 

Change in special reserve

 

1,433

37,488

65,450

 

Others

 

(41,989)

46,941

-

 

 

 




           
     

1,862,797

6,514,385

2,844,689

 

 

 




           
 

Changes in working capital:

       
 

(Increase)/decrease in inventories

 

(1,472,097)

(605,814)

1,094,500

 

Decrease/(increase) in trade and notes receivables

 

3,015,903

(4,042,472)

844,030

 

(Increase)/decrease in other current assets

 

(921,413)

(2,541,644)

3,133,891

 

Decrease/(increase) in restricted cash

 

270,999

(297,223)

(615,432)

 

Increase in other non-current assets

 

(555,039)

(194,854)

(23,834)

 

(Decrease)/increase in trade and notes payables

 

(1,342,116)

5,762,657

3,346,701

 

Increase in other payables and accrued expenses

 

479,154

4,005,822

2,744,290

 

(Decrease)/increase in other non-current liabilities

 

(44,505)

3,543

712,929

 

 

 




           
 

Cash generated from operations (Note)

 

1,293,683

8,604,400

14,081,764

 

PRC enterprise income taxes paid

 

(171,331)

(353,062)

(308,715)

 

 

 




           
 

Net cash generated from operating activities

 

1,122,352

8,251,338

13,773,049

 

 

 




 

       
 

Note:

The cash inflows from the derecognised notes receivable which are discounted to banks are included in the cash flows generated from operating activities.

     

F-161


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS

   
   
 

The Company is controlled by Chinalco, the parent company and a state-owned enterprise established in the PRC. Chinalco itself is controlled by the PRC government, which also owns a significant portion of the productive assets in the PRC. In accordance with IAS 24 "Related Party Disclosures", government-related entities and their subsidiaries, directly or indirectly controlled, jointly controlled or significantly influenced by the PRC government are defined as related parties of the Group. On that basis, related parties include Chinalco and its subsidiaries (other than the Group), other government-related entities and their subsidiaries ("other state-owned enterprises"), other entities and corporations over which the Company is able to control or exercise significant influence and key management personnel of the Company and Chinalco as well as their close family members.

   
 

For the purposes of the related party transaction disclosures, the directors of the Company believe that meaningful information in respect of related party transactions has been adequately disclosed.

   
 

In addition to the related party information and transactions disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the following is a summary of significant related party transactions entered in the ordinary course of business between the Group and its related parties during the year.

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions

     
     

Note

2012

2013

2014

   


             
   

Sales of goods and services rendered:

       
   

Sales of materials and finished

       
   

goods to:

(i)

     
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(x)

6,805,794

8,844,205

7,040,457

   

    Associates of Chinalco

 

53,599

102,723

170,338

   

    Joint ventures of Chinalco

 

-

-

142

   

    Joint ventures

 

30,117

52,318

48,903

   

    Associates

 

9,265

1,400,098

2,146,870

       




             
       

6,898,775

10,399,344

9,406,710

       




             
   

Provision of utility services to:

(ii)

     
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(x)

341,386

390,368

390,046

   

    Associates of Chinalco

 

21,420

18,233

17,750

   

    Joint ventures

 

1

11,628

113

   

    Associates

 

-

10,014

1,977

       




             
       

362,807

430,243

409,886

       




             

F-162


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
     

Note

2012

2013

2014

   


             
   

Sales of goods and services rendered: (Continued)

       
   

Provision of products processing services to:

       
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(vii)

7,431

1,357

3,169

       




             
   

Purchase of goods and services:

       
             
   

Purchases of engineering, construction
    and supervisory services from:

(iii)

     
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(x)

2,321,386

1,842,045

987,706

   

    Associates of Chinalco

 

11,365

140

-

       




             
       

2,332,751

1,842,185

987,706

       




             
   

Purchases of key and auxiliary materials
    and finished goods from:

(iv)

     
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(x)

3,839,222

3,799,542

3,009,894

   

    Associates of Chinalco

 

17,745

254

386,609

   

    Joint ventures

 

976,141

1,076,867

1,268,123

   

    Associates (Note a)

 

2,618

380,255

762,003

       




             
       

4,835,726

5,256,918

5,426,629

       




             
   

Provision of social services and logistics
    services by:

(v)

     
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(x)

306,589

243,865

312,626

       




             

F-163


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
     

Note

2012

2013

2014

   


             
   

Purchase of goods and services: (Continued)

       
   

Provision of utilities services by:

(ii)

     
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(x)

359,599

186,007

414,745

   

    Associates of Chinalco

 

9,918

-

-

   

    Joint ventures

 

-

27

-

       




             
       

369,517

186,034

414,745

       




             
   

Provision of products processing services
    by Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(vii)

142,244

64,377

76,075

       




             
   

Rental expenses for buildings and land use rights
    charged by Chinalco and its subsidiaries

(vi)(x)

696,874

600,892

561,528

       




             
   

Other significant related party transactions:

       
             
   

Acquisition of assets from a subsidiary of Chinalco

 

145,915

-

-

       




             
             
   

Borrowing from a subsidiary of Chinalco

(viii)

2,350,000

1,000,000

1,429,000

       




             
   

Interest expense on a borrowing from a
    subsidiaries of Chinalco

 

54,541

40,922

38,772

       




             
   

Entrusted loan from a subsidiary of Chinalco

 

-

70,000

70,000

       




             
   

Entrusted loans and other borrowings to:

       
   

    Joint ventures

 

258,900

726,235

764,000

   

    An associate

 

200,000

26,106

-

   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

126,604

393,000

-

       




             
       

585,504

1,145,341

764,000

       




             

F-164


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
     

Notes

2012

2013

2014

   


             
   

Other significant related party transactions:

       
   

    (Continued)

       
   

Interest income on entrusted loans
    and other borrowings to:

       
   

    Joint ventures

 

51,106

69,462

60,459

   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

2,327

34,923

2,027

   

    Associates

 

-

2,518

88

       




             
       

53,433

106,903

62,574

       




             
   

Disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication
    Segment and transferred loan to Chinalco
    and its subsidiaries

34/(xii)

-

10,614,600

-

       




             
   

Disposal of investments in a joint venture
    and an associate to Chinalco

34

-

264,474

-

       




             
   

Disposal a subsidiary to a subsidiary of Chinalco

(ix)

-

12,953,368

-

       




             
   

Interest income from the unpaid disposal
    proceeds from:

       
   

Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

-

250,124

542,811

       




             
   

Disposal assets under sale and leaseback
    contract to a subsidiary of Chinalco

8/(xiii)

-

-

300,000

       




             
   

Finance lease under a sale and leaseback contract
    from a subsidiary of Chinalco

8/(xiii)

-

-

304,239

       




             
   

Provision of financial guarantees to:

(xi)

     
   

    Joint ventures

 

124,900

381,800

345,760

   

    An associate

 

-

-

23,710

       




             
       

124,900

381,800

369,470

       




             
   

Financial guarantees provided by:

       
   

Subsidiaries of Chinalco

20(e)

42,470

20,000

138,000

       




             
   

Discounted notes receivables to
    a subsidiary of Chinalco

 

1,769,819

1,278,907

118,757

       




             

F-165


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
   

During the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, the Group's significant transactions with other state-owned enterprises (excluding Chinalco and its subsidiaries) constituted a large portion of its sales of goods and purchases of raw materials, electricity, property, plant and equipment and services. In addition, substantially all restricted cash, time deposits, cash and cash equivalents and borrowings as at December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, the relevant interest earned or paid during the year were transacted with banks and other financial institutions which are controlled by the PRC government.

     
   

All transactions with related parties are conducted at prices and terms mutually agreed by the parties involved, which are determined as follows:

     
   

(i)

Sales of materials and finished goods comprised sales of alumina, primary aluminium, copper and scrap materials. Transactions entered into are covered by general agreements on mutual provision of production supplies and ancillary services. The pricing policy is summarised below:

       
     

(1)

The price prescribed by the PRC government ("State-prescribed price") is adopted;

         
     

(2)

If there is no state-prescribed price, state-guidance price is adopted;

         
     

(3)

If there is neither state-prescribed price nor state-guidance price, then market price (being price charged to and from independent third parties) is adopted; and

         
     

(4)

If none of the above is available, then the adoption of a contractual price (being reasonable costs incurred in providing the relevant services plus not more than 5% of such costs is adopted).

         
   

(ii)

Utility services, including electricity, gas, heat and water, are supplied at state-prescribed price.

       
   

(iii)

Engineering, project construction and supervisory services were provided for construction projects of the Company. The state-guidance price or prevailing market price (including tender price where by way of tender) is adopted for pricing purposes.

       
   

(iv)

The pricing policy for purchases of key and auxiliary materials (including bauxite, limestone, carbon, cement and coal) is the same as that set out in (i) above.

       
   

(v)

Social services and logistics services provided by Chinalco Group cover public security, fire services, education and training, school and hospital services, cultural and physical education, newspaper and magazines, broadcasting and printing as well as property management, environmental and hygiene, greenery, nurseries and kindergartens, sanatoriums, canteens and offices, public transport and retirement management and other services. Provisions of these services are covered by the Comprehensive Social and Logistics Services Agreement. The pricing policy is the same as that set out in (i) above.

       
   

(vi)

Pursuant to the Land Use Rights Lease Agreements entered into between the Group and Chinalco Group, operating leases for industrial or commercial land are charged at market rent rate. The Group also entered into a building rental agreement with Chinalco Group and pays rent based on market rate for its lease of buildings owned by Chinalco.

   

 

F-166


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
   

All transactions with related parties are conducted at prices and terms mutually agreed by the parties involved, which are determined as follows: (Continued)

     
   

(vii)

The pricing policy for products processing service is the same as that set out in (i) above.

       
   

(viii)

Chinalco Finance Company Limited ("Chinalco Finance") (), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco and a non-bank financial institution incorporated in the PRC), provide deposit services, credit services and miscellaneous financial services to the Group. The terms for the provision of financial services to the Group is no less favourable than those of the same type of financial services provided by Chinalco Finance to Chinalco and other members of its group or those of the same type of financial services that may be provided to the Group by other financial institutions.

       
   

(ix)

On October 18, 2013, the Company and Chalco Hong Kong, its wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into the share purchase agreement with Chinalco and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Aluminum Corporation of China Overseas Holdings Limited ("Chinalco Overseas Holdings"). Chalco Hong Kong agreed to transfer 65% equity interest in Chalco Iron Holdings Limited ("Chalco Iron Ore") ("Equity Interest of Chalco Iron Ore") and its bank loans of approximately USD438.75 million as principalfrom China Development Bank to Chinalco Overseas Holdings.

       
   

(x)

The related party transactions in respect of these items above also constitute connected transactions or continuing connected transactions as defined in Chapter 14A of Hong Kong Listing Rules.

       
   

(xi)

The Company provided guarantees to a joint venture, Xinyugou Coal for the bank loans of Xinyugou Coal.

       
   

(xii)

On June 6, 2013, the Company entered into an Alumina Assets Transfer Agreement with Guizhou Aluminum Plant (), a subsidiary of Chinalco, pursuant to which the Company transferred the alumina production line of Guizhou Branch of the Company (the "Alumina Production Line") to Guizhou Aluminum Plant (). Pursuant to the Alumina Assets Transfer Agreement, the consideration thereof was determined with reference to an independent valuation undertaken by a professional valuer recognized in the PRC of the net assets of Alumina Production Line as at December 31, 2012, adjusted to give effect to the changes in net assets value from the valuation date to the disposal date. The above transaction was completed on June 27, 2013. After giving adjustment to the change in the net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the disposal date regarding the Alumina Production Line, the consideration for the disposal of the Alumina Production Line was finalised at RMB4,300.1 million.

       

F-167


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
   

All transactions with related parties are conducted at prices and terms mutually agreed by the parties involved, which are determined as follows: (Continued)

     
   

(xiii)

As set out in note 8, in 2014, Baotou Aluminum, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, sold machinery to Chinalco Finance, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, at consideration of RMB300 million and leased back the machinery under a sale and leaseback contract. The machinery is recorded at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the machinery and the present value of the minimum lease payment, plus charges directly related to the lease, amounting to RMB304 million.

       
   

(xiv)

As set out in note 20(e), as at December 31, 2014, certain interest-bearing loans and borrowings were guaranteed by the Group's related parties.

       
 

(b)

Balances with related parties

     
   

Other than those disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the outstanding balances with related entities at the year end are as follows:

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Cash and cash equivalents deposited with

   
   

    A subsidiary of Chinalco (Note)

3,481,778

4,889,705

   

 



         
   

Trade and notes receivables

   
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

1,129,159

886,532

   

    Associates of Chinalco

2,514

1,922

   

    Associates

3,565

229

   

    Joint ventures

1,005

8,213

   

 



         
     

1,136,243

896,896

         
   

    Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(124,093)

(167,799)

   

 



         
     

1,012,150

729,097

   

 



         

F-168


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Balances with related parties (Continued)

     
   

Other than those disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the outstanding balances with related entities at the year end are as follows: (Continued)

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Other current assets

   
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

9,745,762

4,841,266

   

    Associates

116,138

90,977

   

    Joint ventures

1,441,699

1,310,499

   

 



         
     

11,303,599

6,242,742

         
   

    Less: provision for impairment of other current assets

(36,208)

(54,516)

   

 



         
     

11,267,391

6,188,226

   

 



         
   

Other non-current asset

   
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

12,288,413

8,195,904

   

    An associate

-

111,846

   

 



         
     

12,288,413

8,307,750

   

 



   

Borrowing

   
   

     Subsidiaries of Chinalco

740,000

1,402,639

   

 



         
   

Trade and notes payables

   
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

285,343

429,809

   

    Associates of Chinalco

538

4

   

    Associates

136,760

15,520

   

    Joint ventures

2,865

81,988

   

 



         
     

425,506

527,321

   

 



   

   

F-169


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Balances with related parties (Continued)

     
   

Other than those disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the outstanding balances with related entities at the year end are as follows: (Continued)

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Other payables and accrued liabilities

   
   

    Chinalco and its subsidiaries

1,688,186

1,426,842

   

    Associates of Chinalco

66,681

880

   

    Joint ventures

6,597

472

   

    Associates

192,247

91,207

   

 



         
     

1,953,711

1,519,401

   

 



         
   

Note:

On August 26, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with Chinalco Finance effective from August 26, 2011 to August 25, 2012. Pursuant to the agreement, Chinalco Finance agreed to provide deposit services, credit services and other financial services to the Group. On August 24, 2012, the Company renewed the financial services agreement with Chinalco Finance with a validation term of three years ending August 2015.

       
   

As at December 31, 2014, included in long-term loans and borrowings and short-term loans and borrowings are borrowings payable to other state-owned enterprises amounting to RMB31,680 million (December 31, 2013: RMB35,232 million) and RMB73,651 million (December 31, 2013: RMB72,678 million).

     
   

The terms of all balances with the exception of the entrusted loans were unsecured and were in accordance with terms as set out in the respective agreements or as mutually agreed between the parties concerned.

     

F-170


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

36.

SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)

   
 

(c)

Compensation of key management personnel

     
     

2012

2013

2014

   


           
   

Fees

732

689

622

   

Basic salaries, housing fund, other allowances
    and benefits in kind

4,604

5,424

4,062

   

Discretionary bonus

-

-

-

   

Pension cost-defined contribution schemes

330

319

508

     




           
     

5,666

6,432

5,192

     




           
   

For details of directors' and senior management's remuneration are included in Note 31 to the financial statements.

     
 

(d)

Commitments with related parties

     
   

As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, except for the other capital commitments disclosed in note 41(c) of the financial statements, the Group had no significant commitments with other related parties.

     

37.

BUSINESS COMBINATION

   
 

(a)

Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd.

     
   

In the second half of 2012, the Company signed several purchase agreements with the equity holders of Ningxia Power Group Co., Ltd. () ("Ningxia Power") to acquire their interests in Ningxia Power through step acquisitions as follows:

     
   

*

In August 2012, the Company entered into an equity transfer agreement with China Zhongtou Trust Co., Ltd. () ("Zhongtou Trust") to acquire 11.88% equity interest in Ningxia Power at a total consideration of RMB674.9 million.

       
   

*

In December 2012, the Company entered into an equity transfer agreement with Huadian Power International Co., Ltd. () ("Huadian Power") to acquire an additional 23.66% equity interest in Ningxia Power at a total consideration of RMB1,362 million, of which RMB545 million and RMB817 million were paid in December 2012 and January 2013, respectively.

       
   

As at December 31, 2012, the Company held a total of 35.54% equity interest in Ningxia Power which was accounted for as an investment in an associate.

     
   

*

In August 2012, the Company signed an equity transfer agreement with Bank of China Group Investment Limited () ("CGIL") to acquire 23.42% equity interest in Ningxia Power at a consideration of RMB1,347.7 million.

       
   

*

In December 2012, the Company signed an agreement with the other shareholders of Ningxia Power to increase its equity interest in Ningxia Power up to 70.82% with a capital injection of RMB2 billion.

       

F-171


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

37.

BUSINESS COMBINATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd. (Continued)

     
   

Both of the transactions with CGIL and capital injection of RMB2 billion were completed in the form of cash payment on January 23, 2013, upon which the Company had 70.82% equity interest in Ningxia Power and obtained control over Ningxia Power accordingly. Ningxia Power has been renamed as Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd. () ("Ningxia Energy") on February 8, 2013.

     
   

The acquisition of Ningxia Energy supports the Company's long-term strategy of integrating electricity supply with its aluminum business, especially in the primary aluminum segment.

     
   

The acquisition has been accounted for using the acquisition method. The consolidated financial statements have included the results of Ningxia Energy since the acquisition date. The Group has elected to measure the non-controlling interest in Ningxia Energy at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of Ningxia Energy's identifiable net assets.

     
   

As at the acquisition date, the fair value of equity interest in Ningxia Energy held by the Company immediately before the acquisition was calculated by using the income approach with key assumptions, such as estimate price, production volume, the production costs and other related expense, with an amount of approximately RMB2,601.5 million while the carrying amount was RMB2,547.6 million (Note10(b)). The gain recognized in other (losses) gains from continuing operations in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year 2013 as a result of the remeasuring the equity interest in Ningxia Energy held by the Company before the business combination to fair value is approximately RMB53.9 million (Note 28(b)).

     
   

The excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets as at the acquisition date over the consideration transferred amounting to approximately RMB651.2 million, which was mainly arising from the fair value adjustments for certain mining rights according to the valuator's report, was recognized in other (losses) gains from continuing operations in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2013.

     

F-172


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

37.

BUSINESS COMBINATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd. (Continued)

     
   

The fair values of identifiable assets and liabilities of Ningxia Energy as at the acquisition date were as follows:

     
     

Note

Fair value recognized
on acquisition

   


         
   

Assets

   
   

Cash and cash equivalents *

 

3,752,563

   

Trade and notes receivables

 

1,261,631

   

Other current assets

 

1,685,592

   

Inventories

 

850,795

   

Property, plant and equipment

8

20,068,122

   

Intangible assets

7

6,194,720

   

Land use right

9(b)

613,738

   

Deferred tax assets

12

94,646

   

Investments in joint ventures

10(a)

217,172

   

Investments in associates

10(b)

963,605

   

Other non-current assets

 

63,463

   

Liabilities

   
   

Trade and notes payables

 

(1,627,953)

   

Other payables and accrued expenses

 

(2,299,453)

   

Interest bearing loans and borrowings

 

(18,613,782)

   

Income tax payable

 

(12,683)

   

Deferred tax liabilities**

12

(1,066,031)

   

Other non-current liabilities**

 

(1,788,047)

   

 

 


         
   

Total identifiable net assets at fair value

 

10,358,098

   

Non-controlling interests**

 

(3,757,666)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets acquired

 

6,600,432

         
   

Gain on bargain purchase recognized in other gains
    from continuing operations in the consolidated
    statement of comprehensive income

28(b)

(651,185)

   

 

 


         
       

5,949,247

   

 

 


         
   

Satisfied by cash

 

3,347,715

   

Previously held 35.54% equity interest remeasured
    at acquisition-date fair value

 

2,601,532

   

 

 


         
   

Total purchase consideration

 

5,949,247

   

 

 


         
   

*

The cash and cash equivalent balance includes the capital injection of RMB2 billion by the Company on January 23, 2013.

       
   

**

The management of the Company adjusted the fair value of other non-current liabilities, deferred tax liabilities, other non-current liabilities and non-controlling interests based on the newly obtained documents on mining rights payable from the government after the acquisition date.

       
   

As at the acquisition date, the fair value of intangible assets was RMB6,195 million. The fair value of mining rights was calculated using the discounted cash flow approach.

     

F-173


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

37.

BUSINESS COMBINATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Chalco Ningxia Energy Group Co., Ltd. (Continued)

     
   

The Group incurred transaction costs of RMB4.09 million for this acquisition. The transaction costs have been expensed and are included in general and administrative expenses from continuing operations in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

     
   

An analysis of the cash flows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the acquisition of Ningxia Energy is as follows:

     
     

RMB'000

   


       
   

Net cash acquired with Ningxia Energy

3,752,563

   

Cash consideration paid

(3,347,715)

   

 


       
       
   

Net inflow of cash and cash equivalents included in cash flows from investing activities

404,848

   

Transaction costs of the acquisition included in the cash flows from operating activities

(4,094)

   

 


       
     

400,754

   

 


       
   

From the date of acquisition to December 31, 2013, Ningxia Energy has contributed RMB4,540 million to the Group's revenue from the continuing operations and RMB297 million to the Group's net profit from the continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2013. If the combination had taken place at the beginning of the period, the revenue from continuing operations would have been RMB169,814 million and the net profit from continuing operations for the period would have been RMB555 million.

     
 

(b)

PT. Nusapati Prima ("PTNP")

     
   

In September 2012, the Group signed purchase agreements with the equity holders of Jointcap International Limited ("Jointcap") and Winshore Investment Limited ("Winshore") to acquire 100% equity interests in Jointcap and Winshore. Jointcap and Winshore held 70% equity interest in PTNP, a company incorporated in Indonesia, which holds several bauxite exploration permits and mining rights in Indonesia. The business combination was completed on April 26, 2013, at a total cash consideration of RMB97.3 million (USD15.5 million).

     
   

The acquisition of PTNP supports the Company's long-term strategy of sustained and stable supply of bauxite.

     
   

The acquisition has been accounted for using the acquisition method. The consolidated financial statements have included the results of PTNP since the acquisition date. The Group has elected to measure the non-controlling interests in PTNP at the non-controlling interests' proportionate shares of PTNP's identifiable net assets.

     
   

The excess of the consideration over the fair value of identifiable net assets as at the acquisition date amounting to approximately RMB14.3 million was recognized as goodwill as at the date of acquisition and the amount of the non-controlling interests in PTNP at the date of acquisition was RMB44.2 million.

     

F-174


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

37.

BUSINESS COMBINATION (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

PT. Nusapati Prima ("PTNP") (Continued)

     
   

The fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities of PTNP as at the acquisition date were as follows:

     
     

Note

Fair value recognized
on acquisition

   


         
   

Assets

   
   

Cash and cash equivalents

 

6,454

   

Other current assets

 

3,055

   

Inventories

 

13,217

   

Property, plant and equipment

8

9,786

   

Intangible assets

7

160,561

   

Other non-current assets

 

5,813

   

Liabilities

   
   

Trade and notes payables

 

(23,610)

   

Other payables and accrued expenses

 

(88)

   

Income tax payable

 

(119)

   

Deferred tax liabilities

12

(39,227)

   

Other non-current liabilities

 

(8,615)

   

 

 


         
   

Total identifiable net assets at fair value

 

127,227

   

Non-controlling interests

 

(44,221)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets acquired

 

83,006

   

Goodwill recognized

7

14,254

   

 

 


         
   

Total purchase consideration

 

97,260

   

 

 


         
   

As at the acquisition date, the fair value of intangible assets was RMB160.6 million, which mainly comprise the mining rights, whose fair value was valuated using the discounted cash flow approach method.

     
   

The Group incurred transaction costs of RMB0.18 million for this acquisition. The transaction costs have been expensed and are included in general and administrative expenses from continuing operations in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

     
   

An analysis of the cash flows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the acquisition of PTNP is as follows:

     

 

     

RMB'000

   


       
   

Net cash acquired with PTNP

6,454

   

Cash consideration paid

(18,624)

   

Net inflow of cash and cash equivalents included in cash flows from investing activities

(12,170)

   

Transaction costs of the acquisition included in the cash flows from operating activities

(180)

   

 


       
     

(12,350)

   

 


       
   

From the date of acquisition, PTNP has contributed nil to the Group's revenue from the continuing operations and contributed loss of RMB5.96 million to the Group's net profit from the continuing operations for the period ended December 31, 2013. If the combination had taken place at the beginning of the year, the revenue from continuing operations would have been RMB169,431 million and the profit from continuing operations for the year would have been RMB543.08 million.

     

F-175


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

38.

DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARIES AND BUSINESSES

   
 

All the effects of the disposal of the Aluminum Fabrication Segment were excluded from the information disclosed in this note below since it was considered as a discontinued operation. For details of the discontinued operation, refer to Note 6 for details.

   
 

(a)

Deemed disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang

     
   

The Company disposed of its equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang on April 19, 2013 through the Deemed Disposal. The details of the net assets disposed of are as follows:

     

Note

April 19, 2013

   


         
   

Net assets disposed of:

 

 

   

Cash and cash equivalents

 

190,786

   

Trade and notes receivables

 

176,675

   

Other current assets

 

235,936

   

Inventories

 

507,124

   

Property, plant and equipment

8

3,711,206

   

Land use right

9(b)

48,220

   

Intangible assets

7

35,174

   

Deferred tax assets

12

161,018

   

Investment in a joint venture

10(a)

4,500

   

Investment in associates

10(b)

1,469,145

   

Other non-current assets

 

62,806

   

Trade and notes payables

 

(374,149)

   

Other payables and accrued expenses

 

(802,635)

   

Interest bearing loans and borrowings

 

(2,871,917)

   

Deferred tax liabilities

12

(304)

   

Other non-current liabilities

 

(12,579)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets

 

2,541,006

   

Non-controlling interests

 

(1,931,114)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets disposed of

 

609,892

         
   

Gain on deemed disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang

 

547,237

   

 

 


         
       

1,157,129

   

 

 


         
   

Investments in associates

10(b)

1,157,129

   

 

 


         
   

Satisfied by:

   
   

Cash

 

-

   

 

 


         

F-176


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

38.

DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARIES AND BUSINESSES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(a)

Deemed disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang (Continued)

     
     
   

On September 29, 2010, the Company disposed of 4.998% equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang with a consideration of RMB510 million. The difference between the disposal consideration and the proportionate amount of the net assets attributable to the Company of RMB257.5 million was recognized as capital reserve in the consolidated financial statements. The Company considers that it lost control over Jiaozuo Wanfang after its equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang was diluted in the current year and the disposal of the 4.998% equity interest in 2010. The management of the Company believed that the above transactions were accounted for as a single transaction after considering the terms, conditions and commercial effect of these transactions.

     
   

The Company recognized a total gain from loss of control of Jiaozuo Wanfang amounting to RMB805 million (Note 28(b)), representing the gain of RMB547 million from the above Deemed Disposal and the transfer of a gain of RMB257.5 million from capital reserve relating to the disposal of 4.998% equity interest in 2010. The fair value of the Company's retained equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang at the date of loss of control was calculated by using the share price of Jiaozuo Wanfang multiplied by the retained shares.

     
   

An analysis of the cash flows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the Deemed Disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang is as follows:

     
     

2013

   


       
   

Cash consideration

-

   

Less: cash and cash equivalents of Jiaozuo Wanfang

 
   

        disposed of

(190,786)

   

 


       
   

Net outflows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of
    the Deemed Disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang

(190,786)

   

 


       

F-177


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

38.

DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARIES AND BUSINESSES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Disposal of Alumina Production Line of Guizhou Branch of the Company

     
   

On June 6, 2013, the Company entered into an Alumina Assets Transfer Agreement with Guizhou Aluminum Plant (), a subsidiary of Chinalco, pursuant to which the Company transferred the alumina production line of Guizhou Branch of the Company (the "Alumina Production Line") to Guizhou Aluminum Plant (). Pursuant to the Alumina Assets Transfer Agreement, the consideration thereof was determined with reference to an independent valuation undertaken by a professional valuer recognized in the PRC of the net asset of Alumina Production Line as at December 31, 2012, adjusted to give effect to the changes in net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the disposal date. The above transaction was completed on June 27, 2013.

     
   

After giving adjustment to the change in the net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the disposal date regarding the Alumina Production Line, the consideration for the disposal of the Alumina Production Line was finalized at RMB4,300.1 million. The details of the net assets disposed of are as follows:

     
     

Note

June 27, 2013

   


         
   

Net assets disposed of:

   
   

Inventories

 

560,925

   

Other current assets

 

11,276

   

Property, plant and equipment

8

3,993,895

   

Deferred tax assets

12

12,380

   

Trade and notes payables

 

(16,336)

   

Other payables and accrued expenses

 

(1,270)

   

Interest bearing loans and borrowings

 

(280,000)

   

Other non-current liabilities

 

(14,017)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets disposed of

 

4,266,853

   

Gain on disposal of the Alumina Production Line

28(b)

33,247

   

 

 


         
       

4,300,100

   

 

 


         
   

Satisfied by:

   
   

    Cash received in 2013

 

885,794

   

    Receivable from Chinalco as at December 31, 2013

 

3,414,306

   

 

 


         
   

Total consideration

 

4,300,100

   

 

 


         

F-178


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

38.

DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARIES AND BUSINESSES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(b)

Disposal of Alumina Production Line of Guizhou Branch of the Company (Continued)

     
   

An analysis of the cash flows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the disposal of the Alumina Production Line is as follows:

     
     

2013

   


       
   

Cash consideration received in 2013

885,794

       
   

Less: cash and cash equivalents of Alumina Production Line disposed of

-

   

 


       
   

Net inflows of cash and cash equivalents in respect
    of the disposal of the Alumina Production Line

885,794

   

 


       
 

(c)

Disposal of Chalco Iron Ore

     
   

On October 18, 2013, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Chalco Hong Kong Limited, entered into the Share Purchase Agreement with Chinalco and its wholly-owned subsidiary Aluminium Corporation of China Overseas Holdings Limited ("Chinalco Overseas Holdings"), pursuant to which Chalco Hong Kong Limited agreed to transfer its 65% equity interests in Chalco Iron Ore to Chalco Overseas Holdings. As an investment vehicle, Chalco Iron Ore holds 47% equity interests in Simfer Jersey Limited which in turns holds indirectly 95% equity interests in the Simfer SA, which directly invests in and operates the Simandou Project in Guinea, West Africa(the "Simandou Project"). The Simandou Project involves the development of a premium open-pit iron mine located in Guinea in West Africa.

     
   

Pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement, the consideration thereof was determined with reference to an independent valuation undertaken by a professional valuer recognized in the PRC of the net asset of Chalco Iron Ore as at December 31, 2012, adjusted to give effect to the changes in net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the disposal date. The above transaction was completed on December 26, 2013 (the "Disposal Date"). After giving adjustment to the change in the net assets value from the valuation date (December 31, 2012) to the Disposal Date regarding Chalco Iron Ore, the consideration for the disposal of the Chalco Iron Ore was finalized at USD2,118 million (equivalent of RMB12,953 million).

     
   

The Simandou Project is a large project in terms of the investment scale with a long construction period. As a party to the Simandou Project, taking into account of the current financial position of the Company, it brings a huge funding pressure to the Company. In order to reduce the capital expenditure, lower the gear ratio and cut down the interest expenses, the Company has to dispose of its equity interest in the Simandou Project. The Company believes that the above disposal will bring considerable cash flows for the Company and reduce the interest expenses.

     

F-179


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

38.

DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARIES AND BUSINESSES (CONTINUED)

   
 

(c)

Disposal of Chalco Iron Ore (Continued)

     
   

The details of the net assets disposed of are as follows:

     
     

Note

December 26, 2013

   


         
   

Net assets disposed of:

   
         
   

Cash and cash equivalents

 

8,545

   

Other current assets

 

282

   

Investment in associate

10(b)

11,727,062

   

Property, plant and equipment

8

131

   

Other payables and accrued expenses

 

(19,296)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets

 

11,716,724

   

Non-controlling-interest

 

(4,223,966)

   

 

 


         
   

Net assets disposed of (i)

 

7,492,758

   

 

 


         
   

Gain on disposal of the Chalco Iron Ore (ii)

28(b)

5,460,610

   

Currency translation difference

 

(47,366)

   

 

 


         
   

Total gain on disposal of the Chalco Iron Ore

 

5,413,244

   

 

 


         
   

Total consideration ((i)+(ii))

 

12,953,368

         
   

Satisfied by:

   
   

    Cash

 

-

   

    Receivable from Chinalco

 

12,953,368

   

 

 


         
   

Total consideration

 

12,953,368

   

 

 


         
   

An analysis of the cash flows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the disposal of Chalco Iron Ore is as follows:

     
     

2013

   


       
   

Cash consideration

-

       
   

Less: cash and cash equivalents of Chalco Iron Ore disposed of

(8,545)

   

 


       
   

Net outflows of cash and cash equivalents in respect of the disposal of Chalco Iron Ore

(8,545)

   

 


       

F-180


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

39.

SENIOR PERPETUAL SECURITIES

   
 

On October 22, 2013, a subsidiary of the Company, Chalco Hong Kong Investment Company Limited (the "Issuer") issued US$350,000,000 (equivalent to RMB2,140.1 million) senior perpetual securities at initial interest rate of 6.625% ("2013 Senior Perpetual Securities"). The proceeds from issuance of 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities after the issuance costs is RMB2,123 million, and will be on-lent to the Company and any of its subsidiaries for general corporate use. The 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities are guaranteed by some subsidiaries of the Group. Coupon payments of 6.625% per annum on the 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities are paid semi-annually in arrears from October 29, 2013 and may be deferred at the discretion of the Group. The 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities have no fixed maturity and are callable at the Group's option on or after October 29, 2018 at their principal amounts together with any accrued, unpaid or deferred coupon interest payments. After October 29, 2018, the coupon rate will be reset to a percentage per annum equal to the sum of (a) the initial spread of 5.312 per cent., (b) the U. S. Treasury Rate, and (c) a margin of 5.00 per cent. per annum. While any coupon interest payments are unpaid or deferred, the Group, subsidiary guarantors, and the issuer cannot declare or pay dividends or make distributions or similar periodic payments in respect of, or repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities of lower or equal rank.

   
 

On April 10, 2014, Chalco Hong Kong Investment Company Limited issued USD400 million senior perpetual securities at an initial distribution rate of 6.25% ("2014 Senior Perpetual Securities"). The proceeds from issuance of 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities after the issuance costs is USD398 million (equivalent to RMB2,462 million). The proceeds will be on-lent to the Company and any of its subsidiaries for general corporate use. The 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities are guaranteed by some subsidiaries of the Group. Coupon payments of 6.25% per annum on the 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities are paid semi-annually on April 29, and October 29 in arrears from April 17, 2014 and may be deferred at the discretion of the Group. The first coupon payment date was April 29, 2014. The 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities have no fixed maturity and are callable only at the Group's option on or after April 17, 2017 at their principal amounts together with any accrued, unpaid or deferred coupon distribution payments. After April 17, 2017, the coupon distribution rate will be reset to a percentage per annum equal to the sum of (a) the initial spread of 5.423 per cent, (b) the U. S. Treasury Rate, and (c) a margin of 5.00 per cent. per annum. While any coupon distribution payments are unpaid or deferred, the Group, subsidiary guarantors, and the issuer cannot declare or pay dividends or make distributions or similar discretionary payments in respect of, or repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities of lower or equal rank.

   
 

Pursuant to the terms of the 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities and the 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities, the Group has no contractual obligation to repay their principal or to pay any coupon distribution. The 2013 Senior Perpetual Securities and 2014 Senior Perpetual Securities do not meet the definition of financial liabilities according to IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation, and are classified as equity and subsequent distribution declared will be treated as distribution to equity owners.

   

40.

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

   
 

As at December 31, 2013 and 2014, the Group had no significant contingent liabilities.

   

F-181


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

41.

COMMITMENTS

   
 

(a)

Capital commitments of property, plant and equipment

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Contracted but not provided for

4,877,004

12,624,047

   

Authorised but not contracted for

41,508,287

34,358,304

   

 



         
     

46,385,291

46,982,351

   

 



         
 

(b)

Commitments under operating leases

     
   

The future aggregate minimum lease payments as at December 31, 2014 pursuant to non-cancellable lease agreements entered into by the Group are summarised as follows:

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Within one year

585,637

556,727

   

In the second to fifth years, inclusive

2,173,516

2,310,421

   

After five years

16,947,072

16,276,818

   

 



         
     

19,706,225

19,143,966

   

 



         
 

(c)

Other capital commitments

     
   

As at December 31, 2014, commitments to make capital contributions to the Group's joint ventures and associates were as follows:

     
     

December 31,

December 31,

     

2013

2014

   


         
   

Associates

330,000

1,102,250

   

Joint ventures

197,005

74,800

   

 



         
     

527,005

1,177,050

   

 



   

   

F-182


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

42.

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

   
 

(a)

On January 5, 2015, the proposal regarding the proposed transfer of all of the equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang held by the Company (the "Proposal") was approved at the 14th meeting of the fifth session of the board of directors of the Company. Pursuant to the Proposal, the Company's board of directors approved the transfer plan of unlimited circulation stock amounting to 207,451,915 held in Jiaozuo Wanfang (represents 17.246% of all of the share of Jiaozuo Wanfang, the "Proposed Share Transfer"), which was established in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations that will need to be subsequently approved by the general meeting of stockholders and State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission ("SASAC") before implementation.

     
   

On February 10, 2015, as approved by SASAC, the Company proposed to transfer no more than 120,000,000 shares of Jiaozuo Wanfang held by the Company (representing approximately 9.98% of total share capital of Jiaozuo Wanfang as at February 10, 2015) by means of public invitation of transferees.

     
   

On March 2, 2015, the Company and Geo-Jade Petroleum Corporation Geo-Jade Petroleum ("Geo-Jade Petroleum") entered into a share transfer agreement (the "Agreement") in respect of the Proposed Share Transfer, pursuant to which, the Company agreed to transfer and Geo-Jade Petroleum agreed to acquire 100,000,000 shares of Jiaozuo Wanfang held by the Company, representing 8.3136% of the total ordinary shares of Jiaozuo Wanfang as at March 2, 2015, at a consideration of RMB1,003 million (the "Total Consideration") to be satisfied in two instalments by cash. Among which, 30% of the Total Consideration will be paid as the deposit within five working days from the date of signing the Agreement. Upon the approval on the Proposed Share Transfer by the SASAC, the aforesaid deposit will be regarded as the initial instalment, while the remaining part of the Total Consideration will be settled by Geo-Jade Petroleum. On March 25, 2015, the Company received the share transfer approval from the SASAC.

     
 

(b)

According to the resolution of the Board of Directors dated March 25, 2015, the directors did not propose any final dividend for the year ended December 31, 2014.

     

F-183


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

42.

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PRERIOD (CONTINUED)

   
 

(c)

On January 8, 2015, the Company completed a private issuance of short-term bonds with a total face value of RMB3 billion at par value of RMB100.00 per unit with a maturity date of October 2015 for working capital needs and repayment of bank borrowings. The fixed annual coupon interest rate of these bonds is 5.10%.

     
   

On January 22, 2015, the Company completed a private issuance of medium-term bonds with a total face value of RMB3 billion at par value of RMB100.00 per unit with a maturity date of January 2018 for working capital needs and repayment of bank borrowings. The fixed annual coupon interest rate of these bonds is 5.20%.

     
   

On January 26, 2015, the Company completed a private issuance of medium-term bonds with a total face value of RMB3 billion at par value of RMB100.00 per unit with a maturity date of January 2018 for working capital needs and repayment of bank borrowings. The fixed annual coupon interest rate of these bonds is 6.00%.

     
   

On March 20, 2015, the Company completed a private issuance of short-term bonds with a total face value of RMB2 billion at par value of RMB100.00 per unit with a maturity date of December 2015 for working capital needs and repayment of bank borrowings. The fixed annual coupon interest rate of these bonds is 5.08%.

     
   

On March 30, 2015, the Company completed a private issuance of medium-term notes with a total face value of RMB2 billion at par value of RMB100.00 per unit with a maturity date of March 2018 for working capital needs and repayment of bank borrowings. The fixed annual coupon interest rate of these notes is 5.80%.

     
 

(d)

On August 24, 2012, the proposal that not more than 1,450 million A shares in the PRC to qualified legal persons, natural persons, or other legally qualified investors was approved at the 29th meeting of the 4th session of the Board of the Company. On October 12, 2012, the Company received the approval of the proposal from the SASAC. The proposal and its related matters were considered and approved at the 2nd Extraordinary General Meeting for 2012 on October 12, 2012, 2nd Class Meeting for Holders of A Shares for 2012 and 2nd Class Meeting for Holders of H Shares for 2012. On December 7, 2012, the Listing Committee of the China Securities Regulatory Commission ("CSRC ") reviewed and unconditionally approved the application for the non-public issuance of A Shares of the Company. The Company received a reply from CSRC on the approval of our non-public offering of new shares no more than 1,450 million on March 14, 2013, being effective for 6 months upon the approval date. In July 2013, due to reasons of the sponsoring institution, the approval on the issuance of additional A Shares of the Company was temporarily retrieved by the CSRC and relevant solutions were subject to the CSRC's consideration and approval. On January 4, 2015, the Company has formally submitted the consultation regarding resuming CSRC's approval about non-public offering of A shares of the Company. Currently, CSRC is undergoing the related approval procedures. As the date of the report, the aforementioned proposed offering of shares has not been issued.

     

F-184


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

43.

COMPARATIVE AMOUNTS

   
 

As further explained in Notes 2.1 and 6, due to the disposal of the discontinued operation, the comparative amounts of the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and related notes have been revised as if the operation discontinued during 2013 had been discontinued at the beginning of the first period presented. Certain comparative amounts in the footnotes have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation and accounting treatment.

   

44.

APPROVAL OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board of directors on April 15, 2015.

   

F-185