UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED MANAGEMENT
INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Investment Company Act file number 811-06495
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)
301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 720
Pasadena, CA91101
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
Donald F. Crumrine
Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated
301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 720
Pasadena, CA91101
(Name and address of agent for service)
Registrants telephone number, including area code: 626-795-7300
Date of fiscal year end: November 30
Date of reporting period: November 30, 2014
Form N-CSR is to be used by management investment companies to file reports with the Commission not later than 10 days after the transmission to stockholders of any report that is required to be transmitted to stockholders under Rule 30e-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (17 CFR 270.30e-1). The Commission may use the information provided on Form N-CSR in its regulatory, disclosure review, inspection, and policymaking roles.
A registrant is required to disclose the information specified by Form N-CSR, and the Commission will make this information public. A registrant is not required to respond to the collection of information contained in Form N-CSR unless the Form displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. Please direct comments concerning the accuracy of the information collection burden estimate and any suggestions for reducing the burden to Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. The OMB has reviewed this collection of information under the clearance requirements of 44 U.S.C. § 3507.
Item 1. Reports to Stockholders.
The Report to Shareholders is attached herewith.
FLAHERTY & CRUMRINE PREFERRED INCOME OPPORTUNITY FUND
To the Shareholders of Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund (PFO):
Your Fund wrapped up fiscal 2014 in solid fashion, earning 1.8% total return on net asset value (NAV)1 during the fourth fiscal quarter2. For the full fiscal year, total return on NAV was +17.3%. Total returns computed on market price of Fund shares were even betterat 8.1% for the fourth fiscal quarter and 26.2% for the fiscal year.
As seen in the following table, Fund returns over various measurement periods have been very good. The table includes performance of two indices, Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate and S&P 500, as proxies for bond and stock markets, respectively. While neither is a benchmark for Fund performance, they provide context for broad asset categories.
TOTAL RETURN ON NET ASSET VALUE
FOR PERIODS ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2014
(Unaudited)
Actual Returns | Average Annualized Returns | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months |
Six Months |
One Year |
Three Years |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Life of Fund(1) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund | 1.8 | % | 5.0 | % | 17.3 | % | 17.0 | % | 17.6 | % | 8.4 | % | 9.5 | % | ||||||||||||||
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Index(2) |
1.0 | % | 1.9 | % | 5.3 | % | 3.0 | % | 4.1 | % | 4.8 | % | 6.1 | % | ||||||||||||||
S&P 500 Index(3) |
3.7 | % | 8.6 | % | 16.8 | % | 20.9 | % | 16.0 | % | 8.1 | % | 9.5 | % |
(1) | Since inception on February 13, 1992. |
(2) | The Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Index is an unmanaged index considered representative of the U.S. investment grade, fixed-rate bond market. |
(3) | The S&P 500 Index is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 common stocks. The index is designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries. |
Current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted past performance, which cannot guarantee future results. In addition, NAV performance will vary from market price performance, and you may have a taxable gain or loss when you sell your shares.
Preferred securities continue to benefit from gradually improving U.S. economic growth, low inflation and low global interest rates. Inflation-adjusted U.S. gross domestic product (real GDP) expanded by 2.7% over twelve months ending in September 2014, and we anticipate similar growth this year. Employment gains are pushing up personal income, enabling households to reduce debt while still increasing consumption moderately. Corporations are expanding investments while maintaining strong balance sheets. Housing is recovering gradually. As a result, credit performance across most lending categories continues to improve. At the same time, inflation remains lowand a recent plunge in oil prices should push inflation even lower over coming months. Low inflation and ongoing labor market slack should keep monetary policy accommodative for some time, although the Federal Reserve is likely to nudge short-term interest rates higher in the second half of 2015.
2 | Following the methodology required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, total return assumes dividend reinvestment and includes income and principal change, plus the impact of the Funds leverage and expenses. |
1 | September 1November 30, 2014 |
In contrast, economic growth has slowed in Europe, Japan, China and many developing countries, which has pushed down inflation and kept interest rates at extraordinarily low levels globally. U.S. fixed-income investments have benefitted as global investors remain onin fact, have intensifieda global hunt for yield. Although we expect U.S. interest rates to rise eventually in response to stronger domestic growth, any rise will be tempered by these global developments. Falling energy prices and continued geopolitical risks only reinforce that view.
Market conditions for preferred securities remain healthy. Low yields on competing securities have attracted more investors to the space, resulting in consistent demand and reasonable levels of liquidity. Supply of new issues from U.S. and foreign companies significantly surpassed 2013 levels. We expect issuance will remain elevated in 2015, as issuers work toward future regulatory benchmarks and take advantage of low interest rates to reduce overall capital expense. We continue to be constructive on the market, as demand shows little sign of abating.
The Funds monthly dividend rate remains unchanged as we begin a new fiscal year. For some time, conditions have been very favorable for leveraged funds like PFO. Leverage expense is low, while income generated by the preferred portfolio is relatively high. Issuer redemptions of older high-coupon securities have put pressure on income, but thus far proactive portfolio moves have lessened the impact. Our strategy has been effective, but we may reach a point when the dividend rate cannot be maintained prudently, especially after the Federal Reserve raises short-term interest rates.
In our last letter we anticipated further reducing the Funds allocation to foreign securities. We expect that economic conditions in Europe will remain weak; in addition, new contingent capital securities issued by European banks to replace older capital structures have yet to tempt us. We believe better opportunities exist in domestic markets. From the beginning of fiscal 2014 to its end, foreign exposure dropped from 25.5% of assets to 17.1%.
The other important shift in the portfolio involved reducing exposure to rising interest rates. 52.3% of portfolio assets are fixed-to-floating ratesecurities with coupons that are fixed for an initial period, typically five or ten years, and then float with interest rates (typically short-term rates) according to terms set at issuance. This floating rate feature dampens price changes of the securities due to changes in interest rates, as compared to securities with coupons that are fixed-for-life. Yields on these issues tend to be lower than securities with fixed-for-life coupons, but we believe the tradeoff is prudent.
In the discussion topics that follow, we dig deeper into subjects mentioned here as well as others of interest to shareholders. In addition, we encourage you to visit the Funds website, www.preferredincome.com for timely and important information.
Sincerely,
The Flaherty & Crumrine Portfolio Management Team:
R. Eric Chadwick
Donald F. Crumrine
Robert M. Ettinger
Bradford S. Stone
January 9, 2015
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DISCUSSION TOPICS
(Unaudited)
The Funds Portfolio Results and Components of Total Return on NAV
The table below reflects performance of each element comprising total return for the Fund over both the recent six months and the Funds fiscal year, including: (a) investing in a portfolio of securities; (b) possibly hedging that portfolio of securities against significant increases in long-term interest rates; and (c) utilizing leverage to enhance returns to shareholders. Finally, we compute the impact of the Funds operating expenses. All parts are summed to determine total return on NAV.
Components of PFOs Total Return on NAV
for Periods Ended November 30, 2014
Six Months1 |
One Year |
|||||||||
Total Return on Unleveraged Securities Portfolio |
3.8% | 12.4% | ||||||||
Return from Interest Rate Hedging Strategy |
N/A | N/A | ||||||||
Impact of Leverage (including leverage expense) |
1.9% | 6.2% | ||||||||
Expenses (excluding leverage expense) |
(0.7)% | (1.3)% | ||||||||
1Actual, not annualized | Total Return on NAV | 5.0% | 17.3% |
For comparison, the following table displays returns over the same time period on four indices compiled by Bank of America Merrill Lynch, reflecting various segments of the preferred securities market. Because these index returns exclude all expenses and the impact of leverage, they compare most directly to the top line in the Funds performance table above (Total Return on Unleveraged Securities Portfolio).
Total Returns of Bank of America Merrill Lynch Preferred Securities Indices2
for Periods Ended November 30, 2014
Six Months3 |
One Year |
|||||||
BofA Merrill Lynch 8% Constrained DRD Eligible Preferred Securities IndexSM |
4.3% | 14.5% | ||||||
BofA Merrill Lynch Hybrid Preferred Securities 8% Constrained IndexSM |
4.7% | 14.4% | ||||||
BofA Merrill Lynch US Capital Securities US Issuers 8% Constrained IndexSM |
2.8% | 11.3% | ||||||
BofA Merrill Lynch 8% Constrained Core West Preferred & Jr Subordinated Securities IndexSM |
3.3% | 12.6% |
2 | The Bank of America Merrill Lynch 8% Constrained DRD Eligible Preferred Securities IndexSM (P8D0) includes investment-grade, fixed or fixed-to-floating rate, preferred securities of U.S. issuers that qualify for the corporate dividend received deduction with issuer concentration capped at a maximum of 8%. The Bank of America Merrill Lynch Hybrid Preferred Securities 8% Constrained IndexSM (P8HO) includes investment-grade, fixed or fixed-to-floating rate, U.S. dollar-denominated taxable preferred securities of both U.S. and foreign issuers structured for retail investors with issuer concentration capped at 8%. The Bank of America Merrill Lynch US Capital Securities US Issuers 8% Constrained IndexSM (C8CT) includes investment-grade, fixed or fixed-to-floating rate, $1,000 par securities of primarily U.S. issuers that receive some degree of equity credit from the rating agencies or their regulators with issuer concentration capped at a maximum of 8%. The Bank of America Merrill Lynch 8% Constrained Core West Preferred & Jr Subordinated Securities IndexSM (P8JC) includes U.S. dollar-denominated investment-grade or below investment-grade, fixed rate, floating rate or fixed-to-floating rate, retail or institutionally structured preferred securities of U.S. and foreign issuers with issuer concentration capped at 8%. All index returns include interest and dividend income, and, unlike the Funds returns, are unmanaged and do not reflect any expenses. |
3 | Actual, not annualized |
3
The BofA Merrill Lynch 8% Constrained Core West Preferred & Jr Subordinated Securities IndexSM is a recently created preferred securities index that most closely matches the Funds investable universe based on its investment guidelines. It aggregates together most securities found in the other three investment-grade preferred securities indices and also includes (a) a greater percentage of U.S. dollar-denominated securities issued by foreign companies (27% as of November 30, 2014) and (b) below investment-grade preferred securities (35% rated below investment-grade by Moodys, Standard and Poors and Fitch as of November 30, 2014. The Fund is currently permitted to invest up to 30% of its portfolio in foreign securities and up to 25%; of its portfolio in securities rated below investment grade by all three of these rating agencies.
During fiscal 2014, the Funds total return on NAV significantly exceeded the returns on all the named BofA Merrill Lynch indices because of the Funds use of leverage. While leverage can reduce returns during periods of adverse market conditions, during the recent fiscal year it enhanced price returns and its low cost increased the Funds distributable income.
Total Return on Market Price of Fund Shares
While our focus is primarily on managing the Funds investment portfolio, our shareholders actual return is comprised of the Funds monthly dividend payments plus changes in the market price of Fund shares. During the twelve-month period ending November 30, 2014, total return on market price of Fund shares was 26.2%.
Historically, the preferred securities market has experienced price volatility consistent with those of other fixed-income securities. However, from mid-2007 through 2010, preferred-security valuations, including both the Funds NAV and the market price of its shares, moved dramatically when there was significant volatility throughout financial markets. The chart below contrasts the relative stability of the Funds earlier and more recent periods with recent volatility in both its NAV and market price. Virtually all fixed-income asset classes experienced increased volatility over this period.
4
In a more perfect world, the market price of Fund shares and its NAV, as shown in the chart on page 4, would track more closely. If so, any premium or discount, calculated as the difference between these two inputs and expressed as a percentage, would remain relatively close to zero. However, as can be seen in the chart below, this often has not been the case. The Fund began fiscal 2014 with its market price at a discount to NAV, but ended the fiscal year with its market price at a premium to NAV. As a result, the total return earned on market price was greater than the total return on NAV.
Although divergence between NAV and market price of a closed-end fund is generally driven by supply/demand imbalances affecting its market price, we can only speculate about why the relationship between the Funds market price and NAV has not been closer.
Based on a closing price of $11.55 on December 31st, and assuming its current monthly distribution of $0.073 does not change, the annualized yield on market price of Fund shares was 7.6%. In our opinion, this distribution rate measures up favorably with most comparable fixed-income investment opportunities. Of course, there can be no guarantee that the Funds dividend will not change based on market conditions.
Economic and Interest Rate Recap and Outlook
2014 was an eventful economic year. An unusually cold and snowy winter got the U.S. economy off to a weak start as real GDP fell by 2.1% in the first quarter. It rebounded strongly thereafter, however, posting average growth of 4.8% over the following two quarters. Job growth accelerated, and unemployment fell. Consumer spending and business investment improved. Government spending swung from a drag on growth to a mild positive. The Federal Reserve ended its securities purchase program and is moving closer to raising short-term interest rates. U.S. economic growth appearsfinallyto have moved to a higher plane. Surprisingly, long-term Treasury bond yields fell by more than 100 basis points in 2014.
5
After rising sharply in the second half of 2013, we expected long-term rates to come down a bit in 2014, but we were surprised by the magnitude. If one ever needs evidence of global interconnectedness of capital markets, 2014 was a good example. While U.S. economic growth accelerated as the year progressed, it slowed in Europe, Japan, China and a number of developing countries. Monetary policy eased globally and appears poised to become even easier in 2015. Moreover, inflation slowed, and a recent drop in oil prices is likely to pull inflation down even more. Global yields fell to new lows.
Credit conditions in the United States generally improved, and we expect further gains in 2015. Progress in Europe (excluding the United Kingdom) was much slower, however. Although there are credits we like in Europe, we think overall credit conditions in the United States remain more favorable.
At the same time, geopolitical risks proliferated last year. Russias annexation of Crimea and support for breakaway factions in eastern Ukraine rekindled Cold War fears. Islamic State made extensive and brutal advances in Iraq. With two deadlines already passed, Iran has yet to reach a nuclear agreement with the West. And North Korea is finding new ways to solidify its status as a rogue nation. The United States is a rock of political and economic stability by comparison.
With the U.S. dollar strengthening and yields still relatively high, foreign investors poured money into U.S. fixed income investmentsand many U.S. investors decided to keep money at home rather than seek alternatives abroad. Lower yields and higher prices were a result and provided a welcome tailwind to the Funds portfolio of preferred securities.
Looking ahead, we believe sturdier U.S. economic growth in a range of 2.5-3.0% will prompt the Federal Reserve to raise short-term interest ratesprobably in the second half of 2015. However, sluggish global growth and stubbornly low inflation are likely to keep the Fed circumspect. We expect the Fed to raise the federal funds rate by 25 basis points only once per quarter, or perhaps even less frequently. This is in contrast to prior episodes of monetary tightening, when the Fed typically raised rates twice as fast.
Normally, such a path of tightening would result in gradual increases in long-term yields. However, unless factors that pushed interest rates down in 2014 reverse in 2015, which we do not anticipate, U.S. yields probably will remain lower than what we would normally expect for a given level of economic growth. This suggests that U.S. intermediate- and long-term yields should increase in 2015, but only modestly. With credit conditions in the U.S. still improving, preferred securities with attractive spreads and intermediate duration should fare well, and the Funds portfolio is positioned accordingly, as we describe in more detail below.
Preferred Market Conditions
As interest rates fell and economic growth improved last year, many investors turned to the preferred market for yield, and prices appreciated significantly. Retail investors, who sold large amounts of preferred securities in the second half of 2013, returned to the marketbuying newly-issued $25 par preferred securities, as well as preferred-focused closed-end, mutual and exchange-traded funds in 2014. After performing poorly in 2013, retail-oriented $25-par securities were generally among the best-performing preferreds in 2014.
Lower interest rates also attracted corporate bond investors to preferred securities. The broader corporate bond market generally trades at a spread to Treasuries, and falling interest rates usually mean lower corporate bond yields. Those lower yields caused institutional bond investors to take a deeper look at the preferred market, where many investment grade companies issue higher-yielding and more-subordinated securities. As the preferred investor base expanded, prices rose.
6
Robust demand also spurred new issuance in 2014. Traditional corporate bond investors were attracted to fixed-to-floating rate securities with a short five-year fixed-rate period. U.S. issuers, mostly financial institutions, wasted little time bringing those preferreds to market, with coupons typically around five percent. This class of five-year fixed-to-floating rate preferreds saw enormous growth with close to $10 billion in new issuance versus just over $1 billion in 2013.
The contingent convertible (CoCo) market that we discussed in our last semi-annual report continued to evolve in 2014. European & U.K. banks remain primary issuers, and Asian banks emerged as new adopters. Although rapid, CoCos growth spurt was expected, as financial institutions across the globe rushed to meet higher regulatory capital requirements under Basel III. The surge of new CoCo issuance bolstered our belief that U.S. banks were better capitalized going into 2014 and continue to be more prudent investments. The Fund kept its wait and see approach on the nascent CoCo market.
While preferred prices generally rose in 2014, their ascent was not entirely smooth, and preferreds did follow the broader market for the most part. The aforementioned low-coupon, five-year fixed-to-floating rate securities noticeably underperformed when markets were weak, as corporate, especially high-yield, bond investors sought to reduce risk or meet redemptions during those periods. We tend to be cautious with vogue trends in preferreds, because these fads tend to come and go. Nevertheless, the momentum and tone of preferred securities remained positive moving into 2015.
The Funds Preferred Portfolio
The Funds investment portfolio reflects our view of preferred market conditions, the economic outlook here and abroad and, most importantly, fundamental credit quality. As a result, we currently favor U.S. financial companies and structures designed to be less price sensitive to changing interest rates.
Since the financial crisis, credit metrics at financial institutions in the U.S. have improved measurably, due largely to stricter regulation. In general, the sector is significantly better capitalized and financial statements are more transparent than at any time in memory. As preferred investors, we focus on the amount of common equity capital supporting bank assets (since common equity is the only capital junior to preferred stock). On average, this measure has more than doubled since late 2008. Foreign financial institutions, facing slower-growing economies (and a regulatory structure only Rube Goldberg could admire), lag their U.S. counterparts in building capital.
Against this backdrop, the Fund reduced exposure to foreign securities, largely European banks, and increased exposure to U.S. banks. Foreign holdings fell to 17.1% as of fiscal 2014 year-end, down from 25.5% in the prior year. Bank exposure increased by 8.7% to 48.5% over the same period. These shifts reflected our evolving views on credit conditions and relative value in the preferred market.
By fiscal year end, the Fund had increased exposure to fixed-to-floating rate preferred securities to 52.3% from 44.5% at last year end. This strategy resulted in better performance compared to benchmark preferred indices when interest rates rose in 2013, but resulted in underperformance in 2014, as rates fell. If we had known long-term interest rates would fall as much as they did during 2014, we would have held onto some of those long-duration fixed-for-life preferreds longer than we did. Nonetheless, we think fixed-to-floating rate preferreds offer more attractive risk-adjusted returns than most fixed-for-life issues, especially for a leveraged fund. As shown above, total return on Funds net asset value for fiscal 2014 was very good.
Of course, there were numerous other, smaller changes in the portfolio. We anticipate more going forward, as we adapt to an ever-changing investment environmentand an increasingly globalized one.
7
Finally, Fund leverage is a factor in portfolio construction. Because leverage magnifies portfolio risk, we may choose to invest in securities with lower yields, but superior risk characteristics. Use of leverage permits greater latitude to make decisions based on a securitys risk/reward profile while generating income available for distribution to shareholders. This is not always the case, but when we can meet the Funds income objective with less portfolio risk, we try to take advantage of it.
Monthly Distributions to Fund Shareholders
Regular readers may find the following quite familiar, as we wrote about it at this time last year. However, it is still relevant and bears repeating. When it comes to projecting income available to shareholders in future years, the elephant in the room is the expected cost of leverage. Use of leverage is an important part of the Funds strategy for producing high current income, and we could not produce the Funds current level of income without it. Leverage costs, which for the Fund are currently 3-month LIBOR +0.75%, reset quarterly, remained low throughout 2014much as we expected. We are, however, another year into economic recovery in the United States and, therefore, closer to an eventual rise in short-term rates. Although we still expect any rise to be gradual, higher cost of leverage would have a negative impact on distributable income.
Looking into 2015 and beyond, with potentially higher leverage costs, there are two questions that shareholders might ask.
If you expect the cost of leverage to increase, why not remove leverage from the Fund?
The answer is twofold. First, so long as the cost of leverage is below income earned on the portfoliowhich in the case of the Fund, has almost always been the caseincome available to shareholders will be higher with leverage than it would be without leverage. Second, following the same logic, removing leverage today would result in a material reduction in the current dividend rate given current wide spreads between yields on preferred securities and cost of leverage. So even if leverage costs increase, benefits to distributable income over time can still be substantial as long as leverage costs do not exceed portfolio yield.
If you think short-term rates are going to increase, why dont you hedge the cost of leverage?
In general, hedging is done for two reasons: first, to reduce absolute exposure to a particular risk; and second, to reduce volatility associated with a particular risk. When considering a hedge against a rise in short-term rates, one has to weigh cost versus benefit. If we knew exactly when rates would rise and by how much, then we could evaluate the explicit costs and determine if it would be a winning trade.
Since we dont know the exact timing or magnitude of higher short-term interest rates, a hedge is really another investment decisionone in which we would be betting that the cost of a hedge now (in the form of higher leverage costs today) will be lower than the actual cost of leverage (unhedged) over the hedges timeframe. In other words, the Funds distributable income would be lower today if we were to hedge the cost of leverage very far into the future. This is because todays upward-sloping yield curve means the market already expects rates in the future to be higher, so that expected cost is reflected in hedging cost today.
We acknowledge this is complicated, but to simplify: hedging the cost of leverage today would result in lower income todayand may or may not result in improved return (relative to no hedge) in the future. This is because hedging today costs money.
We are not opposed to hedging leverage costs in the right context, but we acknowledge that a hedge is a bet on the timing and magnitude of rate increases relative to the markets pricing of these risks. There are
8
times when the markets expectations of future rates make this a worthwhile bet, or when risk reduction offered by hedging is particularly valuable, but we dont feel this is true today. Funds that have hedged over the past couple years have missed out on quite a bit of distributable income without yet providing protection since short-term interest rates havent yet risen.
We would like our shareholders to understand that we are not currently hedging the cost of leverage, and are unlikely to do so unless the markets expectations (and therefore, hedging costs) change. As a result, shareholders are receiving more income today (and have received more over the last several years) in exchange for potentially lower income and returns in the future. Given the current cost of hedging, we have so far decided it is best to take short-term rates as they come.
Federal Tax Advantages of 2014 Calendar Year Distributions
In calendar year 2014, approximately 68.9% of distributions made by the Fund was eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income, or QDI. For taxpayers in the 15% marginal tax bracket, QDI is taxed by the federal government at 0% instead of an individuals ordinary income tax rate; for taxpayers in the 25%-35% marginal tax brackets, QDI is taxed at 15%; and for taxpayers in the 39.6% marginal tax bracket, QDI is taxed at 20%.
For an individual in the 28% marginal tax bracket, this means that the Funds total distributions will only be taxed at a blended 19.0% rate versus the 28% rate which would apply to distributions by a fund investing in traditional corporate bonds. This tax advantage means that, all other things being equal, such an individual who held 100 shares of common stock of the Fund for the calendar year would have had to receive approximately $99 in distributions from a fully-taxable bond fund to net the same after-tax amount as the $87.60 in distributions paid by the Fund.
For detailed information about tax treatment of particular distributions received from the Fund, please see the Form 1099 you receive from either the Fund or your broker.
Corporate shareholders also receive a federal tax benefit from the 30.4% distributions that were eligible for the inter-corporate dividends received deduction, or DRD.
It is important to remember that composition of the portfolio and income distributions can change from one year to the next, and that the QDI or DRD portions of 2015s distributions may not be the same (or even similar) to 2014.
9
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
November 30, 2014 (Unaudited)
% of Net Assets**** | ||||
Holdings Generating Qualified Dividend Income (QDI) for Individuals | 58% | |||
Holdings Generating Income Eligible for the Corporate Dividends Received Deduction (DRD) | 46% |
**** | This does not reflect year-end results or actual tax categorization of Fund distributions. These percentages can, and do, change, perhaps significantly, depending on market conditions. Investors should consult their tax advisor regarding their personal situation. See accompanying notes to financial statements for the tax characterization of 2014 distributions. |
| Net Assets includes assets attributable to the use of leverage. |
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Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS
November 30, 2014
Shares/$ Par | Value | |||||||||
|
Preferred Securities 93.4% |
|||||||||
Banking 45.8% |
||||||||||
15,000 | Astoria Financial Corp., 6.50% Pfd., Series C |
$ | 380,437 | * | ||||||
Bank of America Corporation: |
||||||||||
$ | 2,540,000 | 8.00%, Series K |
2,730,500 | * | ||||||
$ | 920,000 | 8.125%, Series M |
995,900 | *(1) | ||||||
Barclays Bank PLC: |
||||||||||
56,000 | 7.10% Pfd., Series 3 |
1,442,560 | **(3) | |||||||
4,700 | 7.75% Pfd., Series 4 |
121,495 | **(3) | |||||||
78,300 | 8.125% Pfd., Series 5 |
2,029,536 | **(1)(3) | |||||||
Citigroup, Inc.: |
||||||||||
81,200 | 6.875% Pfd., Series K, |
2,154,439 | *(1)(2) | |||||||
74,694 | 7.125% Pfd., Series J |
2,063,422 | * | |||||||
$ | 2,299,000 | 8.40%, Series E |
2,661,092 | * | ||||||
26,716 | City National Corporation, 6.75% Pfd., Series D |
787,855 | * | |||||||
CoBank ACB: |
||||||||||
18,100 | 6.125% Pfd., Series G, 144A**** |
1,656,150 | * | |||||||
10,000 | 6.25% Pfd., Series F, 144A**** |
1,036,250 | *(1) | |||||||
$ | 4,500,000 | Colonial BancGroup, 7.114%, 144A**** |
6,750 | (4)(5) | ||||||
13,300 | Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc., 5.375% Pfd., Series A |
323,356 | * | |||||||
274,600 | Fifth Third Bancorp, 6.625% Pfd., Series I |
7,535,710 | *(1)(2) | |||||||
First Horizon: |
||||||||||
750 | First Tennessee Bank, Adj. Rate Pfd., 3.75%(6), 144A**** |
535,102 | *(1) | |||||||
$ | 500,000 | First Tennessee Capital II, 6.30% 04/15/34, Series B |
490,000 | |||||||
1 | FT Real Estate Securities Company, 9.50% Pfd., 144A**** |
1,302,500 | ||||||||
104,000 | First Niagara Financial Group, Inc., 8.625% Pfd. |
2,835,300 | *(1) | |||||||
29,050 | First Republic Bank, 6.70% Pfd., Series A |
779,484 | *(1) | |||||||
Goldman Sachs Group: |
||||||||||
$ | 195,000 | 5.70%, Series L |
200,119 | * | ||||||
6,499 | 5.95% Pfd., Series I |
160,477 | * | |||||||
50,000 | 6.375% Pfd., Series K |
1,287,000 | * | |||||||
HSBC PLC: |
||||||||||
$ | 800,000 | HSBC Capital Funding LP, 10.176%, 144A**** |
1,204,000 | (1)(3) | ||||||
150,000 | HSBC Holdings PLC, 8.00% Pfd., Series 2 |
3,997,875 | **(1)(3) | |||||||
$ | 120,000 | HSBC USA Capital Trust I, 7.808% 12/15/26, 144A**** |
121,035 | |||||||
$ | 91,000 | HSBC USA Capital Trust II, 8.38% 05/15/27, 144A**** |
92,231 | |||||||
106,149 | HSBC USA, Inc., 6.50% Pfd., Series H |
2,745,279 | *(1) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
11
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2014
Shares/$ Par | Value | |||||||||
|
Preferred Securities (Continued) |
|||||||||
Banking (Continued) |
||||||||||
ING Groep NV: |
||||||||||
30,000 | 7.05% Pfd. |
$ | 767,775 | **(3) | ||||||
21,700 | 7.20% Pfd. |
556,876 | **(3) | |||||||
42,500 | 7.375% Pfd. |
1,098,625 | **(3) | |||||||
JPMorgan Chase & Company: |
||||||||||
$ | 300,000 | 6.00%, Series R |
303,750 | * | ||||||
60,900 | 6.70% Pfd., Series T |
1,594,362 | *(1)(2) | |||||||
$ | 4,167,000 | 6.75%, Series S |
4,458,690 | *(1)(2) | ||||||
$ | 3,750,000 | 7.90%, Series I |
4,089,787 | *(1) | ||||||
$ | 450,000 | Lloyds Banking Group PLC, 6.657%, 144A**** |
484,875 | **(3) | ||||||
M&T Bank Corporation: |
||||||||||
$ | 2,240,000 | 6.450%, Series E |
2,378,600 | * | ||||||
$ | 4,393,000 | 6.875%, Series D, 144A**** |
4,489,584 | *(1)(2) | ||||||
Morgan Stanley: |
||||||||||
123,000 | 6.875% Pfd., Series F |
3,312,390 | * | |||||||
77,200 | 7.125% Pfd., Series E |
2,141,721 | *(1)(2) | |||||||
236,500 | PNC Financial Services Group, Inc., 6.125% Pfd., Series P |
6,518,531 | *(1) | |||||||
$ | 1,775,000 | RaboBank Nederland, 11.00%, 144A**** |
2,299,157 | (1)(3) | ||||||
35,000 | Regions Financial Corporation, 6.375% Pfd., Series B |
888,738 | * | |||||||
Royal Bank of Scotland Group PLC: |
||||||||||
7,500 | 6.40% Pfd., Series M |
186,975 | **(3) | |||||||
15,000 | 6.60% Pfd., Series S |
375,300 | **(3) | |||||||
99,500 | 7.25% Pfd., Series T |
2,563,120 | **(1)(3) | |||||||
Sovereign Bancorp: |
||||||||||
2,600 | Sovereign REIT, 12.00% Pfd., Series A, 144A**** |
3,471,000 | ||||||||
83,700 | State Street Corporation, 5.90% Pfd., Series D |
2,194,823 | *(1) | |||||||
10,000 | Texas Capital Bancshares Inc., 6.50% Pfd., Series A |
249,425 | * | |||||||
35,000 | US Bancorp, 6.50% Pfd., Series F |
1,039,588 | * | |||||||
Wells Fargo & Company: |
||||||||||
56,200 | 5.85% Pfd., Series Q |
1,454,035 | * | |||||||
34,400 | 6.625% Pfd., Series R |
961,514 | * | |||||||
$ | 939,000 | 7.98%, Series K |
1,042,290 | * | ||||||
123,500 | 8.00% Pfd., Series J |
3,610,214 | *(1) | |||||||
Zions Bancorporation: |
||||||||||
$ | 1,000,000 | 7.20%, Series J |
1,051,534 | *(1) | ||||||
85,200 | 7.90% Pfd., Series F |
2,349,816 | *(1) | |||||||
|
|
|||||||||
97,608,949 | ||||||||||
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
12
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2014
Shares/$ Par | Value | |||||||||
|
Preferred Securities (Continued) |
|||||||||
Financial Services 1.2% |
||||||||||
$ | 950,000 | General Electric Capital Corp., 7.125%, Series A |
$ | 1,112,687 | *(1) | |||||
HSBC PLC: |
||||||||||
55,000 | HSBC Finance Corporation, 6.36% Pfd., Series B |
1,398,238 | *(1) | |||||||
|
|
|||||||||
2,510,925 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Insurance 24.0% |
||||||||||
Ace Ltd.: |
||||||||||
$ | 1,200,000 | Ace Capital Trust II, 9.70% 04/01/30 |
1,785,000 | (1)(2)(3) | ||||||
80,000 | Allstate Corp., 6.625% Pfd., Series E |
2,125,000 | *(1) | |||||||
$ | 375,000 | Aon Corporation, 8.205% 01/01/27 |
488,511 | (1)(2) | ||||||
105,000 | Arch Capital Group, Ltd., 6.75% Pfd., Series C |
2,880,412 | **(1)(3) | |||||||
AXA SA: |
||||||||||
$ | 1,453,000 | 6.379%, 144A**** |
1,576,505 | **(1)(2)(3) | ||||||
$ | 500,000 | 8.60% 12/15/30 |
677,459 | (3) | ||||||
187,000 | Axis Capital Holdings Ltd., 6.875% Pfd., Series C |
5,118,657 | **(1)(3) | |||||||
95,000 | Delphi Financial Group, 7.376% Pfd., 05/15/37 |
2,383,911 | (1)(2) | |||||||
27,250 | Endurance Specialty Holdings, 7.50% Pfd., Series B |
719,196 | **(3) | |||||||
$ | 3,650,000 | Everest Re Holdings, 6.60% 05/15/37 |
3,777,750 | (1)(2) | ||||||
10,000 | Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc., 7.875% Pfd. |
307,125 | ||||||||
$ | 4,943,000 | Liberty Mutual Group, 10.75% 06/15/58, 144A**** |
7,636,935 | (1) | ||||||
MetLife: |
||||||||||
$ | 2,704,000 | MetLife, Inc., 10.75% 08/01/39 |
4,414,280 | (1)(2) | ||||||
$ | 350,000 | MetLife Capital Trust IV, 7.875% 12/15/37, 144A**** |
451,500 | (1) | ||||||
$ | 3,350,000 | MetLife Capital Trust X, 9.25% 04/08/38, 144A**** |
4,798,875 | (1)(2) | ||||||
24,000 | PartnerRe Ltd., 7.25% Pfd., Series E |
653,100 | **(1)(3) | |||||||
65,800 | Principal Financial Group, 6.518% Pfd., Series B |
1,732,679 | *(1) | |||||||
$ | 241,000 | Prudential Financial, Inc., 5.625% 06/15/43 |
250,037 | |||||||
QBE Insurance: |
||||||||||
$ | 1,020,000 | QBE Capital Funding III Ltd., 7.25% 05/24/41, 144A**** |
1,114,522 | (1)(3) | ||||||
Unum Group: |
||||||||||
$ | 2,750,000 | Provident Financing Trust I, 7.405% 03/15/38 |
3,268,537 | (1)(2) | ||||||
8,300 | W.R. Berkley Corporation, 5.625% Pfd. |
199,553 | ||||||||
XL Group PLC: |
||||||||||
$ | 5,000,000 | XL Capital Ltd., 6.50%, Series E |
4,837,500 | (1)(3) | ||||||
|
|
|||||||||
51,197,044 | ||||||||||
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
13
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2014
Shares/$ Par | Value | |||||||||
|
Preferred Securities (Continued) |
|||||||||
Utilities 14.9% |
||||||||||
7,460 | Alabama Power Company, 6.45% Pfd. |
$ | 200,255 | *(1) | ||||||
Baltimore Gas & Electric Company: |
||||||||||
6,579 | 6.70% Pfd., Series 1993 |
667,768 | *(1) | |||||||
2,500 | 7.125% Pfd., Series 1993 |
253,984 | * | |||||||
Commonwealth Edison: |
||||||||||
$ | 2,350,000 | COMED Financing III, 6.35% 03/15/33 |
2,426,375 | (1)(2) | ||||||
$ | 2,700,000 | Dominion Resources, Inc., 7.50% 06/30/66 |
2,882,250 | (1)(2) | ||||||
22,500 | Entergy Louisiana, Inc., 6.95% Pfd. |
2,279,531 | * | |||||||
80,000 | Entergy Mississippi, Inc., 6.25% Pfd. |
2,010,000 | * | |||||||
16,937 | Georgia Power Company, 6.50% Pfd., Series 2007A |
1,799,556 | *(1) | |||||||
15,035 | Gulf Power Company, 6.00% Pfd., Series 1 |
1,506,960 | *(1) | |||||||
24,000 | Indianapolis Power & Light Company, 5.65% Pfd. |
2,387,251 | *(1) | |||||||
48,000 | Integrys Energy Group, Inc., 6.00% Pfd. |
1,292,760 | (1)(2) | |||||||
Nextera Energy: |
||||||||||
$ | 1,600,000 | FPL Group Capital, Inc., 6.65% 06/15/67, Series C |
1,620,933 | (1)(2) | ||||||
$ | 750,000 | FPL Group Capital, Inc., 7.30% 09/01/67, Series D |
817,148 | (1)(2) | ||||||
PECO Energy: |
||||||||||
$ | 1,500,000 | PECO Energy Capital Trust III, 7.38% 04/06/28, Series D |
1,854,672 | (1)(2) | ||||||
PPL Corp: |
||||||||||
55,000 | PPL Capital Funding, Inc., 5.90% Pfd., Series B |
1,377,888 | (1)(2) | |||||||
$ | 1,250,000 | PPL Capital Funding, Inc., 6.70% 03/30/67, Series A |
1,266,299 | (1)(2) | ||||||
$ | 3,350,000 | Puget Sound Energy, Inc., 6.974% 06/01/67 |
3,522,769 | (1)(2) | ||||||
31,000 | Southern California Edison, 6.50% Pfd., Series D |
3,201,720 | *(1) | |||||||
3,000 | Wisconsin Public Service Corporation, 6.88% Pfd. |
305,438 | * | |||||||
|
|
|||||||||
31,673,557 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Energy 2.4% |
||||||||||
$ | 4,498,000 | Enbridge Energy Partners LP, 8.05% 10/01/37 |
5,015,270 | (1)(2) | ||||||
|
|
|||||||||
5,015,270 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) 3.7% |
||||||||||
3,500 | Duke Realty Corp., 6.60% Pfd., Series L |
87,894 | ||||||||
Kimco Realty Corporation: |
||||||||||
2,500 | 5.50% Pfd., Series J |
60,050 | ||||||||
30,206 | 6.90% Pfd., Series H |
799,553 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
14
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2014
Shares/$ Par | Value | |||||||||
|
Preferred Securities (Continued) |
|||||||||
Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) (Continued) |
||||||||||
National Retail Properties, Inc.: |
||||||||||
40,000 | 5.70% Pfd., Series E |
$ | 957,700 | (1) | ||||||
19,460 | 6.625% Pfd., Series D |
506,203 | ||||||||
PS Business Parks, Inc.: |
||||||||||
8,243 | 5.70% Pfd., Series V |
198,759 | ||||||||
40,000 | 6.45% Pfd., Series S |
1,042,500 | (1)(2) | |||||||
7,500 | 6.875% Pfd., Series R |
194,850 | ||||||||
13,000 | Public Storage, 6.375% Pfd., Series Y |
346,483 | ||||||||
110,329 | Realty Income Corporation, 6.625% Pfd., Series F |
2,950,197 | (1)(2) | |||||||
32,285 | Regency Centers Corporation, 6.625% Pfd., Series 6 |
844,011 | ||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
7,988,200 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Miscellaneous Industries 1.4% |
||||||||||
32,700 | Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., 6.25% Pfd., 144A**** |
2,984,899 | * | |||||||
|
|
|||||||||
2,984,899 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Total Preferred Securities |
198,978,844 | |||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
|
Corporate Debt Securities 5.0% |
|||||||||
Banking 2.7% |
||||||||||
$ | 2,500,000 | Regions Financial Corporation, 7.375% 12/10/37, Sub Notes |
3,259,745 | (1)(2) | ||||||
75,000 | Texas Capital Bancshares Inc., 6.50% 09/21/42, Sub Notes |
1,844,438 | (1)(2) | |||||||
20,000 | Zions Bancorporation, 6.95% 09/15/28, Sub Notes |
537,850 | ||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
5,642,033 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Financial Services 0.3% |
||||||||||
20,082 | Affiliated Managers Group, Inc., 6.375% 08/15/42 |
528,408 | ||||||||
5,048 | Raymond James Financial, 6.90% 03/15/42 |
137,621 | ||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
666,029 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Insurance 1.1% |
||||||||||
$ | 1,850,000 | Liberty Mutual Insurance, 7.697% 10/15/97, 144A**** |
2,282,130 | (1)(2) | ||||||
|
|
|||||||||
2,282,130 | ||||||||||
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
15
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2014
Shares/$ Par | Value | |||||||||
|
Corporate Debt Securities (Continued) |
|||||||||
Energy 0.6% |
||||||||||
$ | 904,000 | Energy Transfer Partners LP, 8.25% 11/15/29 |
$ | 1,299,146 | (1) | |||||
|
|
|||||||||
1,299,146 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Communication 0.3% |
||||||||||
24,200 | Qwest Corporation, 7.375% 06/01/51 |
644,507 | ||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
644,507 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Total Corporate Debt Securities |
10,533,845 | |||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
|
Common Stock 0.0% |
|||||||||
Insurance 0.0% |
||||||||||
17,821 | WMI Holdings Corporation, 144A**** |
35,642 | * | |||||||
|
|
|||||||||
35,642 | ||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Total Common Stock |
35,642 | |||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
|
Money Market Fund 0.2% |
|||||||||
BlackRock Liquidity Funds: |
||||||||||
508,307 | T-Fund, Institutional Class |
508,307 | ||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Total Money Market Fund |
508,307 | |||||||||
|
|
Total Investments (Cost $197,055,684***) |
98.6% | 210,056,638 | ||||||||
Other Assets And Liabilities (Net) |
1.4% | 2,880,703 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
| ||||||
Total Managed Assets |
100.0% | | $ | 212,937,341 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
| ||||||
Loan Principal Balance |
|
(70,200,000 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|||||||||
Total Net Assets Available To Common Stock |
|
$ | 142,737,341 | |||||||
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
16
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)
November 30, 2014
* | Securities eligible for the Dividends Received Deduction and distributing Qualified Dividend Income. |
** | Securities distributing Qualified Dividend Income only. |
*** | Aggregate cost of securities held. |
**** | Securities exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. These securities may be resold in transactions exempt from registration to qualified institutional buyers. At November 30, 2014, these securities amounted to $37,579,642 or 17.6% of total managed assets. |
(1) | All or a portion of this security is pledged as collateral for the Funds loan. The total value of such securities was $136,454,719 at November 30, 2014. |
(2) | All or a portion of this security has been rehypothecated. The total value of such securities was $64,769,644 at November 30, 2014. |
(3) | Foreign Issuer. |
(4) | Illiquid security (designation is unaudited). |
(5) | Valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board of Directors as of November 30, 2014. |
(6) | Represents the rate in effect as of the reporting date. |
| Non-income producing. |
| The issuer has filed for bankruptcy protection. As a result, the Fund may not be able to recover the principal invested and also does not expect to receive income on this security going forward. |
| The percentage shown for each investment category is the total value of that category as a percentage of total managed assets. |
ABBREVIATIONS: | ||||
Pfd. |
| Preferred Securities | ||
REIT |
| Real Estate Investment Trust |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
17
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
November 30, 2014
ASSETS: |
||||||||
Investments, at value (Cost $197,055,684) |
$ | 210,056,638 | ||||||
Receivable for investments sold |
876,300 | |||||||
Dividends and interest receivable |
2,257,490 | |||||||
Prepaid expenses |
48,443 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Total Assets |
213,238,871 | |||||||
LIABILITIES: |
||||||||
Loan Payable |
$ | 70,200,000 | ||||||
Dividends payable to Common Stock Shareholders |
80,427 | |||||||
Investment advisory fee payable |
97,629 | |||||||
Administration, Transfer Agent and Custodian fees payable |
27,537 | |||||||
Professional fees payable |
66,979 | |||||||
Directors fees payable |
67 | |||||||
Accrued expenses and other payables |
28,891 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Total Liabilities |
70,501,530 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
NET ASSETS AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCK |
$ | 142,737,341 | ||||||
|
|
|||||||
NET ASSETS AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCK consist of: |
||||||||
Undistributed net investment income |
$ | 326,273 | ||||||
Accumulated net realized loss on investments sold |
(12,966,514 | ) | ||||||
Unrealized appreciation of investments |
13,000,954 | |||||||
Par value of Common Stock |
123,291 | |||||||
Paid-in capital in excess of par value of Common Stock |
142,253,337 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Total Net Assets Available to Common Stock |
$ | 142,737,341 | ||||||
|
|
|||||||
NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK: |
||||||||
Common Stock (12,329,086 shares outstanding) |
$ | 11.58 | ||||||
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
18
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the Year Ended November 30, 2014
INVESTMENT INCOME: |
||||||||
Dividends |
$ | 7,560,128 | ||||||
Interest |
6,269,781 | |||||||
Rehypothecation Income |
28,359 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Total Investment Income |
13,858,268 | |||||||
EXPENSES: |
||||||||
Investment advisory fees |
$ | 1,168,072 | ||||||
Administrators fees |
208,411 | |||||||
Professional fees |
105,630 | |||||||
Insurance expenses |
105,782 | |||||||
Transfer Agent fees |
27,680 | |||||||
Directors fees |
72,375 | |||||||
Custodian fees |
26,179 | |||||||
Compliance fees |
35,000 | |||||||
Interest expenses |
700,209 | |||||||
Other |
108,547 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Total Expenses |
2,557,885 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
NET INVESTMENT INCOME |
11,300,383 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN/(LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS |
||||||||
Net realized gain on investments sold during the year |
5,237,154 | |||||||
Change in net unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) of investments |
5,239,849 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS |
10,477,003 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS TO COMMON STOCK |
$ | 21,777,386 | ||||||
|
|
| For Federal income tax purposes, a significant portion of this amount may not qualify for the inter-corporate dividends received deduction (DRD) or as qualified dividend income (QDI) for individuals. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
19
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCK
Year Ended November 30, 2014 |
Year Ended November 30, 2013 |
|||||||
OPERATIONS: |
||||||||
Net investment income |
$ | 11,300,383 | $ | 11,445,038 | ||||
Net realized gain/(loss) on investments sold during the year |
5,237,154 | 1,754,838 | ||||||
Change in net unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) of investments |
5,239,849 | (6,379,577 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations |
21,777,386 | 6,820,299 | ||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS: |
||||||||
Dividends paid from net investment income to Common Stock Shareholders(1) |
(11,686,006 | ) | (12,175,696 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Distributions to Common Stock Shareholders |
(11,686,006 | ) | (12,175,696 | ) | ||||
FUND SHARE TRANSACTIONS: |
||||||||
Increase from shares issued under the Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plan |
342,334 | 1,068,603 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net increase in net assets available to Common Stock resulting from Fund share transactions |
342,334 | 1,068,603 | ||||||
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS AVAILABLE TO |
|
|
|
|
||||
COMMON STOCK FOR THE YEAR |
$ | 10,433,714 | $ | (4,286,794 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|||||
NET ASSETS AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCK: |
||||||||
Beginning of year |
$ | 132,303,627 | $ | 136,590,421 | ||||
Net increase/(decrease) in net assets during the year |
10,433,714 | (4,286,794 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
End of year (including undistributed net investment income of $326,273 and $464,637, respectively) |
$ | 142,737,341 | $ | 132,303,627 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | May include income earned, but not paid out, in prior fiscal year. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
20
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended November 30, 2014
INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH |
| |||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations |
$ | 21,777,386 | ||
ADJUSTMENTS TO RECONCILE NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS TO NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||
Purchase of investment securities |
(57,538,657 | ) | ||
Proceeds from disposition of investment securities |
56,189,818 | |||
Net sales of short-term investment securities |
1,719,070 | |||
Cash received from litigation claim |
42,725 | |||
Decrease in dividends and interest receivable |
344,989 | |||
Increase in receivable for investments sold |
(876,300 | ) | ||
Increase in prepaid expenses |
(1,380 | ) | ||
Net amortization/(accretion) of premium/(discount) |
165,796 | |||
Increase in payables to related parties |
3,969 | |||
Decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities |
(3,473 | ) | ||
Change in net unrealized (appreciation)/depreciation of investments |
(5,239,849 | ) | ||
Net realized gain from investments sold |
(5,237,154 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
11,346,940 | |||
|
|
|||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||
Dividends paid (net of reinvestment of dividends and change in |
(11,346,940 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(11,346,940 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net increase/(decrease) in cash |
| |||
CASH: |
||||
Beginning of the year |
| |||
|
|
|||
End of the year |
$ | | ||
|
|
|||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
||||
Interest paid during the year |
$ | 698,366 | ||
Reinvestment of dividends |
342,334 | |||
Decrease in dividends payable to common stock shareholders |
(3,268 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
21
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
For a Common Stock share outstanding throughout each year
Contained below is per share operating performance data, total investment returns, ratios to average net assets and other supplemental data. This information has been derived from information provided in the financial statements and market price data for the Funds shares.
Year Ended November 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of year |
$ | 10.76 | $ | 11.19 | $ | 9.40 | $ | 9.72 | $ | 7.98 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
0.92 | 0.93 | 1.02 | 0.89 | 0.89 | |||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments |
0.85 | (0.37 | ) | 1.72 | (0.29 | ) | 1.64 | |||||||||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO APS* SHAREHOLDERS: |
||||||||||||||||||||
From net investment income. |
| | | | (0.01 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
1.77 | 0.56 | 2.74 | 0.60 | 2.52 | |||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO COMMON STOCK SHAREHOLDERS: |
||||||||||||||||||||
From net investment income. |
(0.95 | ) | (0.99 | ) | (0.95 | ) | (0.92 | ) | (0.78 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total distributions to Common Stock Shareholders |
(0.95 | ) | (0.99 | ) | (0.95 | ) | (0.92 | ) | (0.78 | ) | ||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Net asset value, end of year |
$ |
11.58 |
|
$ | 10.76 | $ | 11.19 | $ | 9.40 | $ | 9.72 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Market value, end of year |
$ | 11.72 | $ | 10.12 | $ | 11.58 | $ | 10.56 | $ | 9.89 | ||||||||||
Total investment return based on net asset value** |
17.31 | % | 5.19 | % | 29.73 | % | 5.94 | % | 32.37 | % | ||||||||||
Total investment return based on market value** |
26.24 | % | (4.40 | )% | 19.52 | % | 16.96 | % | 44.46 | % | ||||||||||
RATIOS TO AVERAGE NET ASSETS AVAILABLE TO COMMON |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total net assets, end of year (in 000s) |
$ | 142,737 | $ | 132,304 | $ | 136,590 | $ | 113,607 | $ | 116,623 | ||||||||||
Operating expenses including interest expense(1) |
1.85 | % | 1.87 | % | 2.04 | % | 2.12 | % | 2.32 | % | ||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding interest expense |
1.34 | % | 1.33 | % | 1.41 | % | 1.50 | % | 1.60 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income |
8.16 | % | 8.40 | % | 10.00 | % | 9.03 | % | 9.81 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income, including payments to APS Shareholders |
| | | | 9.74 | % | ||||||||||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate. |
28 | % | 30 | % | 37 | % | 24 | % | 35 | % | ||||||||||
Total managed assets, end of year (in 000s) |
$ | 212,937 | $ | 202,504 | $ | 205,090 | $ | 176,107 | $ | 171,823 | ||||||||||
Ratio of operating expenses including interest expense(1)(2)
to |
1.23 | % | 1.24 | % | 1.36 | % | 1.41 | % | 1.55 | % | ||||||||||
Ratio of operating expenses excluding interest expense(2)
to |
0.89 | % | 0.88 | % | 0.94 | % | 0.99 | % | 1.07 | % |
* | Auction Preferred Stock. |
** | Assumes reinvestment of distributions at the price obtained by the Funds Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plan. |
| The net investment income ratios reflect income net of operating expenses, including interest expense. |
| Information presented under heading Supplemental Data includes APS and loan principal balance. |
(1) | See Note 8. |
(2) | Does not include distributions to APS Shareholders. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
22
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (Continued)
Per Share of Common Stock
Total Dividends Paid |
Net Asset Value |
NYSE Closing Price |
Dividend Reinvestment Price(1) |
|||||||||||||
December 31, 2013 |
$ | 0.1460 | $ | 10.55 | $ | 10.08 | $ | 10.14 | ||||||||
January 31, 2014 |
0.0730 | 10.77 | 10.40 | 10.47 | ||||||||||||
February 28, 2014 |
0.0730 | 10.97 | 10.86 | 10.86 | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.10 | 11.35 | 11.10 | ||||||||||||
April 30, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.24 | 11.61 | 11.24 | ||||||||||||
May 30, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.47 | 11.68 | 11.47 | ||||||||||||
June 30, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.52 | 11.61 | 11.52 | ||||||||||||
July 31, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.48 | 10.96 | 10.85 | ||||||||||||
August 29, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.60 | 11.05 | 11.09 | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.45 | 10.83 | 10.91 | ||||||||||||
October 31, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.50 | 11.25 | 11.41 | ||||||||||||
November 28, 2014 |
0.0730 | 11.58 | 11.72 | 11.58 |
(1) | Whenever the net asset value per share of the Funds Common Stock is less than or equal to the market price per share on the reinvestment date, new shares issued will be valued at the higher of net asset value or 95% of the then current market price. Otherwise, the reinvestment shares of Common Stock will be purchased in the open market. |
Senior Securities
11/30/2014 | 11/30/2013 | 11/30/2012 | 11/30/2011 | 11/30/2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Debt Outstanding, End of Period (000s)(1) |
$ | 70,200 | $ | 70,200 | $ | 68,500 | $ | 62,500 | $ | 55,200 | ||||||||||
Asset Coverage per $1,000 of Debt(2) |
3,033 | 2,885 | 2,994 | 2,818 | 3,113 |
(1) | See Note 8. |
(2) | Calculated by subtracting the Funds total liabilities (excluding the loan) from the Funds total assets and dividing that amount by the loan outstanding in 000s. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
23
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. | Organization |
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated (the Fund) was incorporated as a Maryland corporation on December 10, 1991, and commenced operations on February 13, 1992 as a diversified, closed-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). The Funds investment objective is to provide its common shareholders with high current income consistent with the preservation of capital.
2. | Significant Accounting Policies |
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the Fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The preparation of the financial statements is in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Portfolio valuation: The net asset value of the Funds Common Stock is determined by the Funds Administrator no less frequently than on the last business day of each week and month in accordance with the policies and procedures approved by the Board of Directors of the Fund. It is determined by dividing the value of the Funds net assets available to Common Stock by the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. The value of the Funds net assets available to Common Stock is deemed to equal the value of the Funds total assets less (i) the Funds liabilities and (ii) the aggregate liquidation value of any outstanding preferred stock.
The Funds preferred and debt securities are valued on the basis of current market quotations provided by independent pricing services or dealers approved by the Board of Directors of the Fund. Each quotation is based on the mean of the bid and asked prices of a security. In determining the value of a particular preferred or debt security, a pricing service or dealer may use information with respect to transactions in such investments, quotations, market transactions in comparable investments, various relationships observed in the market between investments, and/or calculated yield measures based on valuation technology commonly employed in the market for such investments. Common stocks that are traded on stock exchanges are valued at the last sale price or official close price on the exchange, as of the close of business on the day the securities are being valued or, lacking any sales, at the last available mean price. Futures contracts and option contracts on futures contracts are valued on the basis of the settlement price for such contracts on the primary exchange on which they trade. Investments in over-the-counter derivative instruments, such as interest rate swaps and options thereon (swaptions), are valued using prices supplied by a pricing service, or if such prices are unavailable, prices provided by a single broker or dealer that is not the counterparty or, if no such prices are available, at a price at which the counterparty to the contract would repurchase the instrument or terminate the contract. Investments for which market quotations are not readily available or for which management determines that the prices are not reflective of current market conditions are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board of Directors of the Fund, including reference to valuations of other securities which are comparable in quality, maturity and type.
24
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Investments in money market instruments and all debt and preferred securities which mature in 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost. Investments in money market funds are valued at the net asset value of such funds.
Fair Value Measurements: The Fund has analyzed all existing investments to determine the significance and character of all inputs to their fair value determination. The levels of fair value inputs used to measure the Funds investments are characterized into a fair value hierarchy. Where inputs for an asset or liability fall into more than one level in the fair value hierarchy, the investment is classified in its entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to that investments valuation. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
| Level 1 | quoted prices in active markets for identical securities | ||
| Level 2 | other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.) | ||
| Level 3 | significant unobservable inputs (including the Funds own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) |
The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. Transfers in and out of levels are recognized at market value at the end of the period. A summary of the inputs used to value the Funds investments as of November 30, 2014 is as follows:
Total Value at November 30, 2014 |
Level 1 Quoted Price |
Level 2 Significant Observable Inputs |
Level 3 Significant Unobservable Inputs |
|||||||||||||
Preferred Securities |
||||||||||||||||
Banking |
$ | 97,608,949 | $ | 77,192,564 | $ | 20,409,635 | $ | 6,750 | ||||||||
Financial Services |
2,510,925 | 2,510,925 | | | ||||||||||||
Insurance |
51,197,044 | 36,124,849 | 15,072,195 | | ||||||||||||
Utilities |
31,673,557 | 9,257,278 | 22,416,279 | | ||||||||||||
Energy |
5,015,270 | 5,015,270 | | | ||||||||||||
Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) |
7,988,200 | 7,988,200 | | | ||||||||||||
Miscellaneous Industries |
2,984,899 | | 2,984,899 | | ||||||||||||
Corporate Debt Securities |
||||||||||||||||
Banking |
5,642,033 | 2,382,288 | 3,259,745 | | ||||||||||||
Financial Services |
666,029 | 666,029 | | | ||||||||||||
Insurance |
2,282,130 | | 2,282,130 | | ||||||||||||
Energy |
1,299,146 | | 1,299,146 | | ||||||||||||
Communication |
644,507 | 644,507 | | | ||||||||||||
Common Stock |
||||||||||||||||
Insurance |
35,642 | 35,642 | | | ||||||||||||
Money Market Fund |
508,307 | 508,307 | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Investments |
$ | 210,056,638 | $ | 142,325,859 | $ | 67,724,029 | $ | 6,750 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
During the reporting period, there were no transfers into Level 1 from Level 2 or into Level 2 from Level 1.
The fair values of the Funds investments are generally based on market information and quotes received from brokers or independent pricing servicesapproved by the Board of Directors and unaffiliated with the Adviser. To assess the continuing appropriateness of security valuations, management, in consultation with the Adviser, regularly compares current prices to prior prices, prices across comparable securities, actual sale prices for securities in the Funds portfolio, and market information obtained by the Adviser as a function of being an active market participant.
Securities with quotes that are based on actual trades or actionable bids and offers with a sufficient level of activity on or near the measurement date are classified as Level 1. Securities that are priced using quotes derived from implied values, indicative bids and offers, or a limited number of actual tradesor the same information for securities that are similar in many respects to those being valuedare classified as Level 2. If market information is not available for securities being valued, or materially-comparable securities, then those securities are classified as Level 3. In considering market information, management evaluates changes in liquidity, willingness of a broker to execute at the quoted price, the depth and consistency of prices from pricing services, and the existence of observable trades in the market.
The following is a reconciliation of Level 3 investments for which significant unobservable inputs were used to determine fair value:
Preferred Securities | ||||||||
Total Investments | Banking | |||||||
Balance as of 11/30/13 |
$ | 6,750 | $ | 6,750 | ||||
Accrued discounts/premiums |
| | ||||||
Realized gain/(loss) |
| | ||||||
Change in unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) |
| | ||||||
Purchases |
| | ||||||
Sales |
| | ||||||
Transfer in |
| | ||||||
Transfer out |
| | ||||||
Balance as of 11/30/14 |
$ | 6,750 | $ | 6,750 |
For the year ended November 30, 2014, total change in unrealized gain/(loss) on Level 3 securities still held at period-end and included in the change in net assets was $0. Total unrealized gain/(loss) for all securities (including Level 1 and Level 2) can be found on the accompanying Statement of Operations.
The following table summarizes the valuation techniques used and unobservable inputs developed to determine the fair value of Level 3 investments:
Category | Fair Value |
Valuation Technique | Unobservable Input | Input Range (Wgt Avg) | ||||||||
Preferred Securities |
||||||||||||
Banking |
$ | 6,750 | Bankruptcy recovery | Credit/Structure-specific recovery |
0.00% - 0.50% (0.15%) |
26
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement technique for bankruptcy recovery are based on recovery analysis that is specific to the security being valued, including the level of subordination and structural features of the security, and the current status of any bankruptcy or liquidation proceedings. Observable market trades in bankruptcy claims are utilized by management, when available, to assess the appropriateness of valuations, although the frequency of trading depends on the specific credit and seniority of the claim. Expected recoveries in bankruptcy by security type and industry do not tend to deviate much from historical recovery rates, which are very low (sometimes zero) for preferred securities and more moderate for senior debt. Significant changes in these inputs would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement.
Securities transactions and investment income: Securities transactions are recorded as of the trade date. Realized gains and losses from securities sold are recorded on the specific identified cost basis. Dividend income is recorded on ex-dividend dates. Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. The Fund also amortizes premiums and accretes discounts on fixed income securities using the effective yield method.
Options: Purchases of options are recorded as an investment, the value of which is marked-to-market at each valuation date. When the Fund enters into a closing sale transaction, the Fund will record a gain or loss depending on the difference between the purchase and sale price.
When the Fund writes an option, an amount equal to the premium received by the Fund is recorded as a liability, the value of which is marked-to-market at each valuation date. When a written option expires, the Fund realizes a gain equal to the amount of the premium originally received. When the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, the Fund realizes a gain (or loss if the cost of the closing purchase transaction exceeds the premium received when the option was written) without regard to any unrealized gain or loss on the underlying security, and the liability related to such option is eliminated. When a call option is exercised, the Fund realizes a gain or loss from the sale of the underlying security and the proceeds from such sale are increased by the amount of the premium originally received. When a put option is exercised, the amount of the premium originally received will reduce the cost of the security which the Fund purchased upon exercise.
Repurchase agreements: The Fund may engage in repurchase agreement transactions. The Adviser reviews and approves the eligibility of the banks and dealers with which the Fund may enter into repurchase agreement transactions. The value of the collateral underlying such transactions must be at least equal at all times to the total amount of the repurchase obligations, including interest. The Fund maintains possession of the collateral through its custodian and, in the event of counterparty default, the Fund has the right to use the collateral to offset losses incurred. There is the possibility of loss to the Fund in the event the Fund is delayed or prevented from exercising its rights to dispose of the collateral securities.
Federal income taxes: The Fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company by complying with the requirements under subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, applicable to regulated investment companies and intends to distribute substantially all of its taxable net investment income to its shareholders. Therefore, no federal income tax provision is required.
27
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Management has analyzed the Funds tax positions taken on federal income tax returns for all open tax years (November 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012), and has concluded that no provision for federal income tax is required in the Funds financial statements. The Funds major tax jurisdictions are federal and California. The Funds federal and state income and federal excise tax returns for tax years for which the applicable statutes of limitations have not expired are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and state departments of revenue.
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: The Fund expects to declare dividends on a monthly basis to shareholders of Common Stock (Shareholders). Distributions to Shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Any net realized short-term capital gains will be distributed to Shareholders at least annually. Any net realized long-term capital gains may be distributed to Shareholders at least annually or may be retained by the Fund as determined by the Funds Board of Directors. Capital gains retained by the Fund are subject to tax at the capital gains corporate tax rate. Subject to the Fund qualifying as a regulated investment company, any taxes paid by the Fund on such net realized long-term capital gains may be used by the Funds Shareholders as a credit against their own tax liabilities. The Fund may pay distributions in excess of the Funds net investment company taxable income and this excess would be a tax-free return of capital distributed from the Funds assets.
Income and capital gain distributions are determined and characterized in accordance with income tax regulations which may differ from U.S. GAAP. These differences are primarily due to (1) differing treatments of income and gains on various investment securities held by the Fund, including timing differences, (2) the attribution of expenses against certain components of taxable investment income, and (3) federal regulations requiring proportionate allocation of income and gains to all classes of shareholders.
Distributions from net realized gains for book purposes may include short-term capital gains, which are included as ordinary income for tax purposes, and may exclude amortization of premium and discount on certain fixed income securities, which are not reflected in ordinary income for tax purposes. The tax character of distributions paid during 2014 and 2013 was as follows:
Distributions paid in fiscal year 2014 | Distributions paid in fiscal year 2013 | |||||||
Ordinary |
Long-Term |
Ordinary |
Long-Term | |||||
Common Stock | $11,686,006 | $0 | $12,175,696 | $0 |
As of November 30, 2014, the components of distributable earnings (i.e., ordinary income and capital gain/loss) available to Shareholders, on a tax basis, were as follows:
Capital (Loss) |
Undistributed |
Undistributed |
Net Unrealized | |||
$(8,459,739) | $432,843 | $0 | $8,449,521 |
28
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
The composition of the Funds accumulated realized capital losses is indicated below. These losses may be carried forward and offset against future capital gains through the dates listed below. During the year ended November 30, 2014, the Fund utilized $5,293,632 of capital losses expiring in 2017.
2017 | No Expiration Short Term* |
No Expiration Long Term* |
Total | |||||||
$ | 8,459,739 | $0 | $0 | $ | 8,459,739 |
* | Under the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010 (Modernization Act), the Fund is permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 indefinitely. However, any losses incurred during those future taxable years must be utilized prior to the losses incurred in pre-enactment taxable years. As a result, pre-enactment capital loss carryforwards may be more likely to expire unused. Additionally, post-enactment capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered all short-term under previous law. |
Reclassification of accounts: During the year ended November 30, 2014, reclassifications were made in the Funds capital accounts to report these balances on a tax basis, excluding temporary differences, as of November 30, 2014. Additional adjustments may be required in subsequent reporting periods. These reclassifications have no impact on the net asset value of the Fund. The calculation of net investment income per share in the financial highlights excludes these adjustments. Below are the reclassifications:
Paid-in Capital |
Undistributed |
Accumulated Net Realized | ||
$(3,744) | $247,259 | $(243,515) |
Excise tax: The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the Fund to the extent the Fund does not distribute by the end of any calendar year at least (1) 98% of the sum of its net investment income for that year and 98.2% of its capital gains (both long-term and short term) for its fiscal year and (2) certain undistributed amounts from previous years. The Fund is subject to a payment of an estimated $29,704 of the federal excise taxes attributable to calendar year 2014. The Fund paid $2,480 of federal excise taxes attributable to calendar year 2013 in March 2014.
3. | Derivative Instruments |
The Fund intends to use derivatives primarily to economically hedge against risks in the portfolio, namely interest rate risk and credit risk. Historically, the Fund has used options on Treasury futures contracts for the purpose of economically hedging against a significant increase in long-term interest rates. When the strategy has been employed, the Fund would purchase put options on Treasury futures contracts that would increase in value if long-term interest rates increased significantly, offsetting some of the related decline in portfolio asset values. The Fund has also purchased and written call options on Treasury futures contracts to supplement the put option strategy and also to reduce the overall cost of the interest rate hedge (by earning premiums from the net sale of call options).
The Fund has the authority to use other derivatives for hedging or to increase expected return, but has not employed any of these derivatives to-date and does not anticipate broad use of these derivatives in the near future (although this may change without advance notice). Other approved derivatives strategies include:
29
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
buying and selling credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and options thereon (swaptions), and options on securities. Accounting policies for specific derivatives, including the location of these items in the financial statements, are included in Note 2 as appropriate. No assurance can be given that such use of derivatives will achieve their desired purposes or, in the case of hedging, will result in an overall reduction of risk to the Fund.
The Fund did not use any derivatives during the fiscal years ended November 30, 2014 and November 30, 2013.
Options on Financial Futures Contracts: When the interest rate hedging strategy is employed, the Fund intends to use options on financial futures contracts in much the same way as described above. The risk associated with purchasing options, and therefore the maximum loss the Fund would incur, is limited to the purchase price originally paid. The risk in writing a call option is that the Fund may forego the opportunity for profit if the market price of the underlying security increases and the option is exercised. The risk in writing a put option is that the Fund may incur a loss if the market price of the underlying security decreases and the option is exercised.
4. | Investment Advisory Fee, Administration Fee, Transfer Agent Fee, Custodian Fee, Directors Fees and Chief Compliance Officer Fee |
Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated (the Adviser) serves as the Funds investment adviser. The Fund pays the Adviser a monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.625% of the Funds average monthly total managed assets up to $100 million and 0.50% of the Funds average monthly total managed assets of $100 million or more.
For purposes of calculating the fees payable to the Adviser, Administrator and Custodian, the Funds total managed assets means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to the Funds preferred stock that may be outstanding or otherwise attributable to the use of leverage) minus the sum of accrued liabilities (other than debt, if any, representing financial leverage). For purposes of determining total managed assets, the liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares issued by the Fund is not treated as a liability.
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (BNY Mellon) serves as the Funds administrator (the Administrator). As Administrator, BNY Mellon calculates the net asset value of the Funds shares attributable to Common Stock and generally assists in all aspects of the Funds administration and operation. As compensation for BNY Mellons services as Administrator, the Fund pays BNY Mellon a monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.10% of the first $200 million of the Funds average weekly total managed assets, 0.04% of the next $300 million of the Funds average weekly total managed assets, 0.03% of the next $500 million of the Funds average weekly total managed assets and 0.02% of the Funds average weekly total managed assets above $1 billion.
BNY Mellon (c/o, Computershare) also serves as the Funds Common Stock dividend-paying agent and registrar (the Transfer Agent). Effective April 1, 2013, as compensation for BNY Mellons services as Transfer Agent, the Fund pays BNY Mellon a monthly fee in the amount of $1,500, plus certain out of pocket expenses. Prior to April 1, 2013, the Fund paid BNY Mellon a fee at an annual rate of 0.02% of the first $150 million of the Funds average weekly net assets attributable to Common Stock, 0.0075% of the next $350
30
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
million of the Funds average weekly net assets attributable to Common Stock, and 0.0025% of the Funds average weekly net assets attributable to Common Stock above $500 million, plus certain out of pocket expenses. For purposes of calculating such fee, the Funds average weekly net assets attributable to Common Stock are deemed to be the average weekly value of the Funds total assets minus the sum of the Funds liabilities. For this calculation, the Funds liabilities are deemed to include the aggregate liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred shares and the loan principal balance.
The Bank of New York Mellon (the Custodian) serves as the Funds Custodian. As compensation for the Custodians services as custodian, the Fund pays the Custodian a monthly fee at the annual rate of 0.01% of the first $200 million of the Funds average weekly total managed assets, 0.008% of the next $300 million of the Funds average weekly total managed assets, 0.006% of the next $500 million of the Funds average weekly total managed assets, and 0.005% of the Funds average weekly total managed assets above $1 billion.
The Fund pays each Director who is not a director, officer or employee of the Adviser a fee of $9,000 per annum, plus $750 for each in-person meeting of the Board of Directors or Audit Committee, $500 for each in-person meeting of the Nominating Committee attended, and $250 for each telephone meeting attended. The Audit Committee Chairman receives an additional annual fee of $3,000. The Fund also reimburses all Directors for travel and out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with such meetings.
Effective June 1, 2013, the Fund pays the Adviser a fee of $35,000 per annum (prior to June 1, 2013 the fee was $37,500) for Chief Compliance Officer services and reimburses out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with providing services in this role.
5. | Purchases and Sales of Securities |
For the year ended November 30, 2014, the cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of securities, excluding short-term investments, aggregated $57,538,657 and $56,189,818, respectively.
At November 30, 2014, the aggregate cost of securities for federal income tax purposes was $201,607,117, the aggregate gross unrealized appreciation for all securities in which there was an excess of value over tax cost was $17,837,702 and the aggregate gross unrealized depreciation for all securities in which there was an excess of tax cost over value was $9,388,181.
6. | Common Stock |
At November 30, 2014, 240,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value Common Stock were authorized.
Common Stock transactions were as follows:
Year Ended 11/30/14 |
Year Ended 11/30/13 |
|||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||
Shares issued under the Dividend |
30,216 | $ | 342,334 | 93,286 | $ | 1,068,603 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
7. | Preferred Stock |
The Funds Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value preferred stock. The Fund does not currently have any issued and outstanding shares of preferred stock.
8. | Committed Financing Agreement |
The Fund has entered into a committed financing agreement (Financing Agreement) with BNP Paribas Prime Brokerage, Inc. that allows the Fund to borrow on a secured basis, which the Fund uses in the normal course of business as financial leverage. Such leveraging tends to magnify both the risks and opportunities to Shareholders. The Financing Agreement has been amended from time to time to allow for changes in the committed amount. As of November 30, 2014, the committed amount, and amount borrowed, under the Financing Agreement was $70.2 million.
The lender charges an annualized rate of 0.65% on the undrawn (committed) balance, and three-month LIBOR (reset quarterly) plus 0.75% on the drawn (borrowed) balance. For the year ended November 30, 2014, the daily weighted average annualized interest rate on the drawn balance was 0.98% and the average daily loan balance was $70,200,000. LIBOR rates may vary in a manner unrelated to the income received on the Funds assets, which could have either a beneficial or detrimental impact on net investment income and gains available to Shareholders.
The Fund is required to meet certain asset coverage requirements under the Financing Agreement and under the 1940 Act. In accordance with the asset coverage requirements, at least two-thirds of the Funds assets are expected to be pledged as collateral assuming the full committed amount is drawn. Securities pledged as collateral are identified in the portfolio of investments. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements, or maintain other financial covenants required under the Financing Agreement, the Fund may be required to repay immediately, in part or in full, the amount borrowed under the Financing Agreement. Additionally, failure to meet the foregoing requirements or covenants could restrict the Funds ability to pay dividends to Shareholders and could necessitate sales of portfolio securities at inopportune times. The Financing Agreement has no stated maturity, but may be terminated by either party without cause with six months advance notice.
Under the terms of the Financing Agreement, the lender has the ability to borrow a portion of the securities pledged as collateral against the loan (Rehypothecated Securities), subject to certain limits. In connection with any Rehypothecated Securities, the Fund receives a fee from the lender equal to the greater of (x) 0.05% of the value of the Rehypothecated Securities and (y) 70% of the net securities lending income. The Fund may recall any Rehypothecated Security at any time and the lender is required to return the security in a timely fashion. In the event the lender does not return the security, the Fund will have the right to, among other things, apply and set off an amount equal to 100% of the then-current fair market value of such Rehypothecated Securities against any loan amounts owed to the lender under the Financing Agreement. Rehypothecated Securities are marked-to-market daily and adjusted as necessary so the value of all Rehypothecated Securities does not exceed 100% of the loan amount under the Financing Agreement. The Fund will continue to earn and receive all dividends, interest, and other distributions on Rehypothecated
32
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
Securities. Rehypothecated Securities are identified in the Portfolio of Investments, and fees earned from rehypothecation are included in the Statement of Operations.
9. | Portfolio Investments, Concentration and Investment Quality |
The Fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of preferred securities. This includes traditional preferred stocks eligible for the inter-corporate dividends received deduction (DRD) and fully taxable preferred securities. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Funds net assets will be invested in preferred securities. Also, under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 25% of its total assets in the financial services sector. For purposes of the financial services sector concentration policy, a company is within the financial services sector if it derives at least 50% of its revenue from providing financial services. The Funds portfolio may therefore be subject to greater risk and market fluctuation than a portfolio of securities representing a broader range of investment alternatives.
The Fund may invest up to 25% of its assets at the time of purchase in securities rated below investment grade by all of Moodys, S&P and Fitch, provided that (a) such securities are rated at least Ba3 by Moodys, BB- by S&P, or BB- by Fitch or (b) such securities are issued by an issuer having an outstanding class of senior debt rated investment grade by any one of Moodys, S&P, or Fitch at the time of purchase. Thus, the Fund may invest in securities rated below Ba3 by Moodys, BB- by S&P and BB- by Fitch if the issuer has investment grade senior debt outstanding. In addition, the Fund may invest in unrated securities that the Funds investment adviser deems to be comparable in quality to rated issues in which the Fund is authorized to invest.
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its assets in common stocks and, under normal market conditions, up to 20% of its assets in debt securities. Certain of its investments in hybrid (i.e., fully taxable, preferred) securities will be subject to the foregoing 20% limitation to the extent that, in the opinion of the Adviser, such investments are deemed to be debt-like in key characteristics. Typically, a security will not be considered debt-like (a) if an issuer can defer payment of income for eighteen months or more without triggering an event of default and (b) if such issue is a junior and fully subordinated liability of an issuer or its ultimate guarantor.
In addition to foreign money market securities, the Fund may invest up to 30% of its total assets in the securities of companies organized or having their principal place of business outside the United States. All foreign securities held by the Fund will be denominated in U.S. dollars.
The Fund may employ certain investment techniques in accordance with its fundamental investment policies. These may include the use of when-issued and delayed delivery transactions. Securities purchased or sold on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may be settled within 45 days after the date of the transaction. The Fund may also enter into transactions, in accordance with its investment policies, involving short sales of securities and purchases of securities on margin. Such transactions may expose the Fund to credit and market valuation risk greater than that associated with regular trade settlement procedures.
33
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
10. | Subsequent Events |
Management has evaluated the impact of all subsequent events on the Fund through the date the financial statements were issued, and has determined that there were no subsequent events requiring recognition or disclosure in the financial statements.
34
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Shareholders and Board of Directors of
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated, including the portfolio of investments, as of November 30, 2014, and the related statement of operations and cash flows for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets available to common stock for each of the years in the two-year period then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the years in the five-year period then ended. These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the Funds management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of November 30, 2014, by correspondence with the custodian. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated as of November 30, 2014, the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets available to common stock for each of the years in the two-year period then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the years in the five-year period then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Boston, Massachusetts
January 19, 2015
35
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Unaudited)
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plan
Under the Funds Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plan (the Plan), a shareholder whose Common Stock is registered in his or her own name will have all distributions reinvested automatically by BNY Mellon as agent under the Plan, unless the shareholder elects to receive cash. Registered shareholders may elect to receive cash by contacting BNY Mellon at the number provided below. If shares are registered in the name of a broker-dealer or other nominee (that is, in street name) and the broker or nominee participates in the Plan, distributions may be reinvested by the broker or nominee in additional shares under the Plan, unless the shareholder elects to receive distributions in cash. Shareholders may elect to receive cash by contacting their broker or nominee. A shareholder who holds Common Stock registered in the name of a broker or other nominee may not be able to transfer the Common Stock to another broker or nominee and continue to participate in the Plan. Investors who own Common Stock registered in street name should consult their broker or nominee for details regarding reinvestment.
The number of shares of Common Stock distributed to participants in the Plan in lieu of a cash dividend is determined in the following manner. Whenever the market price per share of the Funds Common Stock is equal to or exceeds the net asset value per share on the valuation date, participants in the Plan will be issued new shares valued at the higher of net asset value or 95% of the then current market value. Otherwise, BNY Mellon will buy shares of the Funds Common Stock in the open market, on the New York Stock Exchange or elsewhere, on or shortly after the payment date of the dividend or distribution and continuing until the ex-dividend date of the Funds next distribution to holders of the Common Stock or until it has expended for such purchases all of the cash that would otherwise be payable to the participants. The number of purchased shares that will then be credited to the participants accounts will be based on the average per share purchase price of the shares so purchased, including brokerage commissions. If BNY Mellon commences purchases in the open market and the then current market price of the shares (plus any estimated brokerage commissions) subsequently exceeds their net asset value most recently determined before the completion of the purchases, BNY Mellon will attempt to terminate purchases in the open market and cause the Fund to issue the remaining dividend or distribution in shares. In this case, the number of shares received by the participant will be based on the weighted average of prices paid for shares purchased in the open market and the price at which the Fund issues the remaining shares. These remaining shares will be issued by the Fund at the higher of net asset value or 95% of the then current market value.
Plan participants are not subject to any charge for reinvesting dividends or capital gains distributions. Each Plan participant will, however, bear a proportionate share of brokerage commissions incurred with respect to BNY Mellons open market purchases in connection with the reinvestment of dividends or capital gains distributions. For the year ended November 30, 2014, $1,883 in brokerage commissions were incurred.
The automatic reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions will not relieve Plan participants of any income tax that may be payable on the dividends or capital gains distributions. A participant in the Plan will be treated for Federal income tax purposes as having received, on the dividend payment date, a dividend or distribution in an amount equal to the cash that the participant could have received instead of shares.
36
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Unaudited) (Continued)
In addition to acquiring shares of Common Stock through the reinvestment of cash dividends and distributions, a shareholder may invest any further amounts from $100 to $3,000 semi-annually at the then current market price in shares purchased through the Plan. Such semi-annual investments are subject to any brokerage commission charges incurred by BNY Mellon under the Plan.
A shareholder whose Common Stock is registered in his or her own name may terminate participation in the Plan at any time by notifying BNY Mellon in writing, by completing the form on the back of the Plan account statement and forwarding it to BNY Mellon, or by calling BNY Mellon, directly. A termination will be effective immediately if notice is received by BNY Mellon not less than 10 days before any dividend or distribution record date. Otherwise, the termination will be effective, and only with respect to any subsequent dividends or distributions, on the first day after the dividend or distribution has been credited to the participants account in additional shares of the Fund. Upon termination and according to a participants instructions, BNY Mellon will either (a) issue certificates for the whole shares credited to the shareholders Plan account and a check representing any fractional shares or (b) sell the shares in the market. Shareholders who hold Common Stock registered in the name of a broker or other nominee should consult their broker or nominee to terminate participation.
The Plan is described in more detail in the Funds Plan brochure. Information concerning the Plan may be obtained from BNY Mellon at 1-866-351-7446.
Proxy Voting Policies and Proxy Voting Record on Form N-PX
The Fund files Form N-PX with its complete proxy voting record for the twelve months ended June 30th no later than August 31st of each year. The Fund filed its latest Form N-PX with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on August 14, 2014. This filing, as well as the Funds proxy voting policies and procedures, are available (i) without charge, upon request, by calling the Funds transfer agent at 1-866-351-7446 and (ii) on the SECs website at www.sec.gov. In addition, the Funds proxy voting policies and procedures are available on the Funds website at www.preferredincome.com.
Portfolio Schedule on Form N-Q
The Fund files a complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q, the latest of which was filed for the quarter ended August 31, 2014. The Funds Form N-Q is available on the SECs website at www.sec.gov or may be viewed and obtained from the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling 1-800-SEC-0330.
Portfolio Management Team
In managing the day-to-day operations of the Fund, the Adviser relies on the expertise of its team of money management professionals, consisting of Messrs. Crumrine, Ettinger, Stone and Chadwick. The professional backgrounds of each member of the management team are included in the Information about Fund Directors and Officers section of this report.
37
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Unaudited) (Continued)
Supplementary Tax Information
Distributions to Common Stock Shareholders are characterized as follows for purposes of federal income taxes (as a percentage of total distributions). Individual Shareholders will receive a Form 1099-DIV in 2015 with information about the tax character of distributions they received in calendar year 2014.
Individual Shareholder | Corporate Shareholder | |||||||||||||||
QDI | Ordinary Income |
DRD | Ordinary Income |
|||||||||||||
Fiscal Year 2014 |
66.59 | % | 33.41 | % | 29.35 | % | 70.65 | % | ||||||||
Calendar Year 2014 |
68.89 | % | 31.11 | % | 30.39 | % | 69.61 | % |
38
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Unaudited) (Continued)
Information about Fund Directors and Officers
The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the direction of the Funds Board of Directors. Information pertaining to the Directors and officers of the Fund is set forth below.
Name, Address, and Age |
Current |
Term of Office |
Principal |
Number of Funds |
Other | |||||
NON-INTERESTED DIRECTORS: |
||||||||||
David Gale 301 E. Colorado Boulevard Suite 720 Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 65 |
Director | Class I Director since January 1997 |
President of Delta |
5 | Emmis Communications | |||||
Morgan Gust 301 E. Colorado Boulevard Suite 720 Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 67 |
Director and Nominating and Governance Committee Chairman |
Class III Director since February 1992 |
Owner and operator of various entities engaged in agriculture and real estate. |
5 | CoBiz, Financial, Inc. (financial services) | |||||
Karen H. Hogan Pasadena, CA 91101 |
Director | Class III Director since April 2005 |
Board Chair and Member, IKAR, a non-profit organization; Active Committee Member and Volunteer to several non-profit organizations. |
5 | None |
* | The Funds Board of Directors is divided into three classes, each class having a term of three years. Each year the term of office of one class expires and the successor or successors elected to such class serve for a three year term. The three year term for each class expires as follows: |
Class I Director three year term expires at the Funds 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; director may continue in office until his successor is duly elected and qualified.
Class II Directors three year term expires at the Funds 2016 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; directors may continue in office until their successors are duly elected and qualified.
Class III Directors three year term expires at the Funds 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; directors may continue in office until their successors are duly elected and qualified.
** | Each Director also serves as a Director for Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Fund, Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Securities Income Fund, Flaherty & Crumrine Total Return Fund and Flaherty & Crumrine Dynamic Preferred and Income Fund. |
39
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Unaudited) (Continued)
Name, Address, and Age |
Current |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past |
Number of Funds |
Other | |||||
NON-INTERESTED DIRECTORS: |
||||||||||
Robert F. Wulf 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 77 |
Director and Audit Committee Chairman |
Class II Director since February 1992 |
Financial Consultant; Former Trustee, University of Oregon Foundation; Trustee, San Francisco Theological Seminary |
5 | None | |||||
INTERESTED DIRECTOR: |
||||||||||
Donald F. Crumrine 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 |
Director, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer |
Class II Director since February 1992 |
Portfolio Manager of Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated; Chairman of Flaherty & Crumrine until September 2014 |
5 | None |
* | The Funds Board of Directors is divided into three classes, each class having a term of three years. Each year the term of office of one class expires and the successor or successors elected to such class serve for a three year term. The three year term for each class expires as follows: |
Class I Director three year term expires at the Funds 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; director may continue in office until his successor is duly elected and qualified.
Class II Directors three year term expires at the Funds 2016 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; directors may continue in office until their successors are duly elected and qualified.
Class III Directors three year term expires at the Funds 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; directors may continue in office until their successors are duly elected and qualified.
** | Each Director also serves as a Director for Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Fund, Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Securities Income Fund, Flaherty & Crumrine Total Return Fund and Flaherty & Crumrine Dynamic Preferred and Income Fund. |
| Interested person of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act. Mr. Crumrine is considered an interested person because of his affiliation with Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated, which acts as the Funds investment adviser. |
40
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Unaudited) (Continued)
Name, Address, and Age |
Current |
Term of Office |
Principal During Past Five Years | |||
|
||||||
Robert M. Ettinger 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 56 |
President | Since October 2002 |
Portfolio Manager of Flaherty & Crumrine; President of Flaherty & Crumrine until September 2014 | |||
R. Eric Chadwick 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 39 |
Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Treasurer |
Since July 2004 |
Portfolio Manager of Flaherty & Crumrine; President of Flaherty & Crumrine since September 2014; Vice President of Flaherty & Crumrine until September 2014 | |||
Chad C. Conwell 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 42 |
Chief Compliance Officer, Vice President and Secretary |
Since July 2005 |
Executive Vice President of Flaherty & Crumrine since September 2014; Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Legal Officer of Flaherty & Crumrine; Vice President of Flaherty & Crumrine until September 2014 | |||
Bradford S. Stone 47 Maple
Street Suite 403 Summit, NJ 07901 Age: 55 |
Vice President and Assistant Treasurer |
Since July 2003 |
Portfolio Manager of Flaherty & Crumrine; Executive Vice President of Flaherty & Crumrine since September 2014; Vice President of Flaherty & Crumrine until September 2014 | |||
Roger Ko 301 E. Colorado Boulevard Suite 720 Pasadena, CA 91101 |
Assistant Treasurer |
Since April 2014 |
Trader of Flaherty & Crumrine since September 2013; Director at Deutsche Bank Securities from 2009 to July 2013 | |||
Laurie C. Lodolo 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 51 |
Assistant Compliance Officer, Assistant Treasurer and Assistant Secretary |
Since July 2004 |
Assistant Compliance Officer and Secretary of Flaherty & Crumrine | |||
Linda M. Puchalski 301 E. Colorado
Boulevard Pasadena, CA 91101 Age: 58 |
Assistant Treasurer |
Since August 2010 |
Administrator of Flaherty & Crumrine |
* | Each Officer serves until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. |
41
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Item 2. Code of Ethics.
(a) | The registrant, as of the end of the period covered by this report, has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the registrants principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals are employed by the registrant or a third party. |
(c) | There have been no amendments, during the period covered by this report, to a provision of the code of ethics that applies to the registrants principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals are employed by the registrant or a third party, and that relates to any element of the code of ethics description. |
(d) | The registrant has not granted any waivers, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of the code of ethics that applies to the registrants principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals are employed by the registrant or a third party, that relates to one or more of the items set forth in paragraph (b) of this items instructions. |
Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert.
As of the end of the period covered by the report, the registrants board of directors has determined that David Gale, Morgan Gust, Karen H. Hogan and Robert F. Wulf are each qualified to serve as an audit committee financial expert serving on its audit committee and that they all are independent, as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
Audit Fees
(a) | The aggregate fees billed for each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for the audit of the registrants annual financial statements or services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years are $47,500 for 2014 and $46,350 for 2013. |
Audit-Related Fees
(b) | The aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for assurance and related services by the principal accountant that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit of the |
registrants financial statements and are not reported under paragraph (a) of this Item are $0 for 2014 and $0 for 2013. |
Tax Fees
(c) | The aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning are $8,910 for 2014 and $8,910 for 2013. Services included the preparation and review of federal and state tax returns, excise tax returns, and tax distribution requirements. |
All Other Fees
(d) | The aggregate fees billed in each of the last two fiscal years for products and services provided by the principal accountant, other than the services reported in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this Item are $0 for 2014 and $0 for 2013. |
(e)(1) | The Funds Audit Committee Charter states that the Audit Committee shall have the duty and power to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services to be provided by the auditors to the Fund, and all non-audit services to be provided by the auditors to the Funds investment adviser and any service providers controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Funds investment adviser that provide ongoing services to the Fund, if the engagement relates directly to the operations and financial reporting of the Fund. |
(e)(2) | The percentage of services described in each of paragraphs (b) through (d) of this Item that were approved by the audit committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X are as follows: |
(b) | N/A |
(c) | 0% |
(d) | N/A |
(f) | The percentage of hours expended on the principal accountants engagement to audit the registrants financial statements for the most recent fiscal year that were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountants full-time, permanent employees was zero percent. |
(g) | The aggregate non-audit fees billed by the registrants accountant for services rendered to the registrant, and rendered to the registrants investment adviser (not including any sub-adviser whose role is primarily portfolio management and is subcontracted with or overseen by another investment adviser), and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant for each of the last two fiscal years of the registrant was $0 for 2014 and $0 for 2013. |
(h) | Not applicable. |
Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants.
(a) | The registrant has a separately designated audit committee consisting of all the independent directors of the registrant. The members of the audit committee are: David Gale, Morgan Gust, Karen H. Hogan, and Robert F. Wulf. |
Item 6. Investments.
(a) | Schedule of Investments in securities of unaffiliated issuers as of the close of the reporting period is included as part of the report to shareholders filed under Item 1 of this form. |
(b) | Not applicable. |
Item 7. | Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for Closed-End Management Investment Companies. |
The Proxy Voting Policies are attached herewith.
ADVISER PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated (FCI) acts as discretionary investment adviser for various clients, including the following seven pooled investment vehicles (the Funds):
As adviser to the U.S. Funds |
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Fund | |
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund | ||
Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Securities Income Fund | ||
Flaherty & Crumrine Total Return Fund | ||
Flaherty & Crumrine Dynamic Preferred and Income Fund | ||
As sub-adviser |
||
to the Canadian Fund |
Flaherty & Crumrine Investment Grade Fixed Income Fund | |
As sub-adviser |
||
to the Mutual Fund |
Destra Preferred and Income Securities Fund |
FCIs authority to vote proxies for its clients is established through the delegation of discretionary authority under its investment advisory contracts and the U.S. Funds have adopted these policies and procedures for themselves
Purpose
These policies and procedures are designed to satisfy FCIs duties of care and loyalty to its clients with respect to monitoring corporate events and exercising proxy authority in the best interests of such clients.
In connection with this objective, these policies and procedures are designed to deal with potential complexities which may arise in cases where FCIs interests conflict or appear to conflict with the interests of its clients.
These policies and procedures are also designed to communicate with clients the methods and rationale whereby FCI exercises proxy voting authority.
This document is available to any client or Fund shareholder upon request and FCI will make available to such clients and Fund shareholders the record of FCIs votes promptly upon request and to the extent required by Federal law and regulations.
Fundamental Standard
FCI will be guided by the principle that, in those cases where it has proxy voting authority, it will vote proxies, and take such other corporate actions, consistent with the interest of its clients in a manner free of conflicts of interest with the objective of client wealth maximization.
General
FCI has divided its discussion in this document into two major categories: voting with respect to common stock and voting with respect to senior equity, e.g., preferred stock and similar securities. In those events where FCI may have to take action with respect to debt, such as in the case of amendments of covenants or in the case of default, bankruptcy, reorganization, etc., FCI will apply the same principles as would apply to common or preferred stock, mutatis mutandis.
These policies and procedures apply only where the client has granted discretionary authority with respect to proxy voting. Where FCI does not have authority, it will keep appropriate written records evidencing that such discretionary authority has not been granted.
FCI may choose not to keep written copies of proxy materials that are subject to SEC regulation and maintained in the SECs EDGAR database. In other instances, FCI will keep appropriate written records in its files or in reasonably accessible storage.
Similarly, FCI will keep in its files, or reasonably accessible storage, work papers and other materials that were significant to FCI in making a decision how to vote.
For purposes of decision making, FCI will assume that each ballot for which it casts votes is the only security of an issuer held by the client. Thus, when casting votes where FCI may have discretionary authority with regard to several different securities of the same issuer, it may vote securities in favor for those securities or classes where FCI has determined the matter in question to be beneficial while, at the same time, voting against for those securities or classes where FCI has determined the matter to be adverse. Such cases occasionally arise, for example, in those instances where a vote is required by both common and preferred shareholders, voting as separate classes, for a change in the terms regarding preferred stock issuance.
FCI will reach its voting decisions independently, after appropriate investigation. It does not generally intend to delegate its decision making or to rely on the recommendations of any third party, although it may take such recommendations into consideration. FCI may consult with such other experts, such as CPAs, investment bankers, attorneys, etc., as it regards necessary to help it reach informed decisions.
Absent good reason to the contrary, FCI will generally give substantial weight to management recommendations regarding voting. This is based on the view that management is usually in the best position to know which corporate actions are in the best interests of common shareholders as a whole.
With regard to those shareholder-originated proposals which are typically described as social, environmental, and corporate responsibility matters, FCI will typically give weight to managements recommendations and vote against such shareholder proposals, particularly if the adoption of such proposals would bring about burdens or costs not borne by those of the issuers competitors.
In cases where the voting of proxies would not justify the time and costs involved, FCI may refrain from voting. From the individual clients perspective, this would most typically come about in the case of small holdings, such as might arise in connection with spin-offs or other corporate reorganizations. From the perspective of FCIs institutional clients, this envisions cases (1) as more fully described below where preferred and common shareholders vote together as a class or (2) other similar or analogous instances.
Ultimately, all voting decisions are made on a case-by-case basis, taking relevant considerations into account.
Voting of Common Stock Proxies
FCI categorizes matters as either routine or non-routine, which definition may or may not precisely conform to the definitions set forth by securities exchanges or other bodies categorizing such matters. Routine matters would include such things as the voting for directors and the ratification of auditors and most shareholder proposals regarding social, environmental, and corporate responsibility matters. Absent good reason to the contrary, FCI normally will vote in favor of managements recommendations on these routine matters.
Non-routine matters might include, without limitation, such things as (1) amendments to management incentive plans, (2) the authorization of additional common or preferred stock, (3) initiation or termination of barriers to takeover or acquisition, (4) mergers or acquisitions, (5) changes in the state of incorporation, (6) corporate reorganizations, and (7) contested director slates. In non-routine matters, FCI, as a matter of policy, will attempt to be generally familiar with the questions at issue. This will include, without limitation, studying news in the popular press, regulatory filings, and competing proxy solicitation materials, if any. Non-routine matters will be voted on a case-by-case basis, given the complexity of many of these issues.
Voting of Preferred Stock Proxies
Preferred stock, which is defined to include any form of equity senior to common stock, generally has voting rights only in the event that the issuer has not made timely payments of income and principal to shareholders or in the event that a corporation desires to effectuate some change in its articles of incorporation which might modify the rights of preferred stockholders. These are non-routine in both form and substance.
In the case of non-routine matters having to do with the modification of the rights or protections accorded preferred stock shareholders, FCI will attempt, wherever possible, to assess the costs and benefits of such modifications and will vote in favor of such modifications only if they are in the bests interests of preferred shareholders or if the issuer has offered sufficient compensation to preferred stock shareholders to offset the reasonably foreseeable adverse consequences of such modifications. A similar
type of analysis would be made in the case where preferred shares, as a class, are entitled to vote on a merger or other substantial transaction.
In the case of the election of directors when timely payments to preferred shareholders have not been made (contingent voting), FCI will cast its votes on a case-by-case basis after investigation of the qualifications and independence of the persons standing for election.
Routine matters regarding preferred stock are the exception, rather than the rule, and typically arise when the preferred and common shareholders vote together as a class on such matters as election of directors. FCI will vote on a case-by-case basis, reflecting the principles set forth elsewhere in this document. However, in those instances (1) where the common shares of an issuer are held by a parent company and (2) where, because of that, the election outcome is not in doubt, FCI does not intend to vote such proxies since the time and costs would outweigh the benefits.
Actual and Apparent Conflicts of Interest
Potential conflicts of interest between FCI and FCIs clients may arise when FCIs relationships with an issuer or with a related third party conflict or appear to conflict with the best interests of FCIs clients.
FCI will indicate in its voting records available to clients whether or not a material conflict exists or appears to exist. In addition, FCI will communicate with the client (which means the independent Directors or Director(s) they may so designate in the case of the U.S. Funds and the investment adviser in the case of the Canadian Fund or the Mutual Fund) in instances when a material conflict of interest may be apparent. FCI must describe the conflict to the client and state FCIs voting recommendation and the basis therefor. If the client considers there to be a reasonable basis for the proposed vote notwithstanding the conflict or, in the case of the Funds, that the recommendation was not affected by the conflict (without considering the merits of the proposal), FCI will vote in accordance with the recommendation it had made to the client.
In all such instances, FCI will keep reasonable documentation supporting its voting decisions and/or recommendations to clients.
Amendment of the Policies and Procedures
These policies and procedures may be modified at any time by action of the Board of Directors of FCI but will not become effective, in the case of the U.S. Funds, unless they are approved by majority vote of the non-interested directors of the U.S. Funds. Any such modifications will be sent to FCIs clients by mail and/or other electronic means in a timely manner. These policies and procedures, and any amendments hereto, will be posted on the U.S. Funds websites and will be disclosed in reports to shareholders as required by law.
Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
The following paragraphs provide certain information with respect to the portfolio managers of the Fund and the material conflicts of interest that may arise in connection with their management of the investments of the Fund, on the one hand, and the investments of other client accounts for which they have responsibility, on the other hand. Certain other potential conflicts of interest with respect to personal trading and proxy voting are discussed above under Item 2 - Codes of Ethics and Item 7 - Proxy Voting Policies.
(a)(1) Portfolio Managers
R. Eric Chadwick, Donald F. Crumrine, Robert M. Ettinger and Bradford S. Stone jointly serve as the Portfolio Managers of the Fund. Additional biographical information about the portfolio managers is available in the Annual Report included in Response to Item 1 above.
(a)(2) Other Accounts Managed By Portfolio Managers
The tables below illustrate other accounts where each of the above-mentioned four portfolio managers has significant day-to-day management responsibilities as of November 30, 2014:
Name of Portfolio Manager or Team Member |
Type of Accounts | Total # of Accounts |
Total Assets (mm) |
# of Accounts Managed for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance | ||||||
1. Donald F. Crumrine | Other Registered Investment Companies: | 5 | 2,583 | 0 | ||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: | 1 | 172 | 0 | |||||||
Other Accounts: | 11 | 2,090 | 0 | |||||||
2. Robert M. Ettinger | Other Registered Investment Companies: | 5 | 2,583 | 0 | ||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: | 1 | 172 | 0 | |||||||
Other Accounts: | 11 | 2,090 | 0 | |||||||
3. R. Eric Chadwick | Other Registered Investment Companies: | 5 | 2,583 | 0 | ||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: | 1 | 172 | 0 | |||||||
Other Accounts: | 11 | 2,090 | 0 | |||||||
4. Bradford S. Stone | Other Registered Investment Companies: | 5 | 2,583 | 0 | ||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: | 1 | 172 | 0 | |||||||
Other Accounts: | 11 | 2,090 | 0 |
Potential Conflicts of Interest
In addition to the Fund, the Portfolio Managers jointly manage accounts for four other closed-end funds, one mutual fund, one Canadian fund and other institutional clients. As a result, potential conflicts of interest may arise as follows:
| Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. The Portfolio Managers may devote unequal time and attention to the management of all accounts. As a result, the Portfolio Managers may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if they were to devote substantially more attention to the management of one account. |
| Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities. If the Portfolio Managers identify an investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple accounts, the Fund may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity because the opportunity may need to be allocated among other accounts. |
| Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, the Portfolio Managers may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some accounts or may decide that certain of these accounts should take differing positions (i.e., may buy or sell the particular security at different times or the same |
time or in differing amounts) with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the Portfolio Manager may place separate transactions for one or more accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of one or more other accounts. |
| Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the Portfolio Manager differ among accounts. While the Adviser only charges fees based on assets under management and does not receive a performance fee from any of its accounts, and while it strives to maintain uniform fee schedules, it does have different fee schedules based on the differing advisory services required by some accounts. Consequently, though the differences in such fee rates are slight, the Portfolio Managers may be motivated to favor certain accounts over others. In addition, the desire to maintain assets under management or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the Portfolio Managers in affording preferential treatment to those accounts that could most significantly benefit the Adviser. |
The Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to address the various conflicts of interest that may arise for the Adviser and its staff members. However, there is no guarantee that such policies and procedures will be able to detect and prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may arise.
(a)(3) Portfolio Manager Compensation
Compensation is paid solely by the Adviser. Each Portfolio Manager receives the same fixed salary. In addition, each Portfolio Manager receives a bonus based on peer reviews of his performance and the total net investment advisory fees received by Flaherty & Crumrine (which are in turn based on the value of its assets under management). The Portfolio Managers do not receive deferred compensation, but participate in a profit-sharing plan available to all employees of the Adviser; amounts are determined as a percentage of the employees eligible compensation for a calendar year based on IRS limitations. Each Portfolio Manager is also a shareholder of Flaherty & Crumrine and receives quarterly dividends based on his equity interest in the company.
(a)(4) Disclosure of Securities Ownership
The following indicates the dollar range of beneficial ownership of shares by each Portfolio Manager as of November 30, 2014:
Name | Dollar Range of Fund Shares Beneficially Owned* | |
R. Eric Chadwick | $100,001 to $500,000 | |
Donald F. Crumrine | $100,001 to $500,000 | |
Robert M. Ettinger | $100,001 to $500,000 | |
Bradford S. Stone | $100,001 to $500,000 |
*Includes 8,603 shares held by Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated of which each portfolio manager has beneficial ownership.
(b) | Not applicable. |
Item 9. | Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Company and Affiliated Purchasers. |
Not applicable.
Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
There have been no material changes to the procedures by which the shareholders may recommend nominees to the registrants board of directors, where those changes were implemented after the registrant last provided disclosure in response to the requirements of Item 407(c)(2)(iv) of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.407) (as required by Item 22(b)(15) of Schedule 14A (17 CFR 240.14a-101)), or this Item.
Item 11. Controls and Procedures.
(a) | The registrants principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, have concluded that the registrants disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) (17 CFR 270.30a-3(c))) are effective, as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of the report that includes the disclosure required by this paragraph, based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures required by Rule 30a-3(b) under the 1940 Act (17 CFR 270.30a-3(b)) and Rules 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (17 CFR 240.13a-15(b) or 240.15d-15(b)). |
(b) | There were no changes in the registrants internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the 1940 Act (17 CFR 270.30a-3(d)) that occurred during the registrants second fiscal quarter of the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
Item 12. Exhibits.
(a)(1) | Code of ethics, or any amendment thereto, that is the subject of disclosure required by Item 2 is attached hereto. |
(a)(2) | Certifications pursuant to Rule 30a-2(a) under the 1940 Act and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are attached hereto. |
(a)(3) | Not applicable. |
(b) | Certifications pursuant to Rule 30a-2(b) under the 1940 Act and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are attached hereto. |
(12.other) Not applicable.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
(Registrant) Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated
By (Signature and Title)* |
/s/ Donald F. Crumrine | |
Donald F. Crumrine, Director, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer | ||
(principal executive officer) |
Date January 27, 2015
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By (Signature and Title)* |
/s/ Donald F. Crumrine | |
Donald F. Crumrine, Director, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer | ||
(principal executive officer) |
Date January 27, 2015
By (Signature and Title)* |
/s/ R. Eric Chadwick | |
R. Eric Chadwick, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and | ||
Vice President | ||
(principal financial officer) |
Date January 27, 2015
* Print the name and title of each signing officer under his or her signature.