UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2017
or
 
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
 
Commission file number: 1-4743
 
Standard Motor Products, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

New York
11-1362020
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

37-18 Northern Blvd., Long Island City,N.Y.
 
11101
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

(718) 392-0200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☑      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes ☑      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 
Large Accelerated Filer  ☑
 
Accelerated Filer ☐
 
Non-Accelerated Filer    ☐
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company   ☐
  Emerging growth company  
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐      No ☑

As of the close of business on July 31, 2017, there were 22,781,237 outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $2.00 per share.
 

 

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   
Page No.
 Item 1.
Consolidated Financial Statements:
 
     
   3
     
   4
     
   5
     
   6
     
   7
     
 
8
     
 Item 2.
24
     
 Item 3.
39
     
 Item 4.
40

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
41
     
Item 2.
41
     
Item 6.
42
     
42
 
2

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
   
(Unaudited)
   
(Unaudited)
 
                         
Net sales
 
$
312,729
   
$
288,977
   
$
595,107
   
$
527,888
 
Cost of sales
   
222,063
     
201,901
     
420,331
     
367,816
 
Gross profit
   
90,666
     
87,076
     
174,776
     
160,072
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
   
60,076
     
54,758
     
117,436
     
107,756
 
Restructuring and integration expenses
   
1,235
     
771
     
2,782
     
1,012
 
Other income, net
   
314
     
297
     
630
     
559
 
Operating income
   
29,669
     
31,844
     
55,188
     
51,863
 
Other non-operating income, net
   
740
     
265
     
1,563
     
598
 
Interest expense
   
722
     
394
     
1,190
     
705
 
Earnings from continuing operations before taxes
   
29,687
     
31,715
     
55,561
     
51,756
 
Provision for income taxes
   
11,426
     
11,853
     
20,933
     
19,238
 
Earnings from continuing operations
   
18,261
     
19,862
     
34,628
     
32,518
 
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes
   
(497
)
   
(618
)
   
(1,130
)
   
(1,070
)
Net earnings
 
$
17,764
   
$
19,244
   
$
33,498
   
$
31,448
 
                                 
Per Share Data:
                               
Net earnings per common share – Basic:
                               
Earnings from continuing operations
 
$
0.80
   
$
0.87
   
$
1.52
   
$
1.43
 
Discontinued operations
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.05
)
   
(0.04
)
Net earnings per common share – Basic
 
$
0.78
   
$
0.85
   
$
1.47
   
$
1.39
 
                                 
Net earnings per common share – Diluted:
                               
Earnings from continuing operations
 
$
0.78
   
$
0.86
   
$
1.48
   
$
1.41
 
Discontinued operations
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.04
)
   
(0.04
)
Net earnings per common share – Diluted
 
$
0.76
   
$
0.84
   
$
1.44
   
$
1.37
 
                                 
Dividend declared per share
 
$
0.19
   
$
0.17
   
$
0.38
   
$
0.34
 
                                 
Average number of common shares
   
22,820,079
     
22,705,310
     
22,833,263
     
22,673,811
 
Average number of common shares and dilutive common shares
   
23,329,082
     
23,018,730
     
23,332,480
     
22,988,502
 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
 
3

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
(In thousands)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
   
(Unaudited)
   
(Unaudited)
 
                         
Net earnings
 
$
17,764
   
$
19,244
   
$
33,498
   
$
31,448
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
                               
Foreign currency translation adjustments
   
2,733
     
(1,938
)
   
5,456
     
(153
)
Pension and postretirement plans:
                               
Amortization of:
                               
Prior service benefit
   
     
(14
)
   
     
(27
)
Unrecognized loss
   
(271
)
   
115
     
(330
)
   
390
 
Unrecognized actuarial gains
   
472
     
301
     
472
     
301
 
Foreign currency exchange rate changes
   
     
     
     
4
 
Income tax expense related to pension and postretirement plans
   
(81
)
   
(164
)
   
(57
)
   
(272
)
Pension and postretirement plans, net of tax
   
120
     
238
     
85
     
396
 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
   
2,853
     
(1,700
)
   
5,541
     
243
 
Comprehensive income
 
$
20,617
   
$
17,544
   
$
39,039
   
$
31,691
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
 
4

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
June 30,
2017
   
December 31,
2016
 
   
(Unaudited)
       
ASSETS
 
CURRENT ASSETS:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
16,389
   
$
19,796
 
Accounts receivable, less allowances for discounts and doubtful  accounts of $5,883 and $4,425 for 2017 and 2016, respectively
   
187,759
     
134,630
 
Inventories
   
340,886
     
312,477
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
9,436
     
7,318
 
Total current assets
   
554,470
     
474,221
 
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $191,874 and $191,551 for 2017 and 2016, respectively
   
81,973
     
78,499
 
Goodwill
   
67,401
     
67,231
 
Other intangibles, net
   
60,008
     
64,056
 
Deferred income taxes
   
50,407
     
51,127
 
Other assets
   
36,174
     
33,563
 
Total assets
 
$
850,433
   
$
768,697
 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:
           
Notes payable
 
$
78,946
   
$
54,812
 
Current portion of long-term debt
   
46
     
43
 
Accounts payable
   
104,074
     
83,878
 
Sundry payables and accrued expenses
   
43,991
     
45,147
 
Accrued customer returns
   
45,779
     
40,176
 
Accrued rebates
   
36,797
     
29,127
 
Payroll and commissions
   
25,519
     
30,658
 
Total current liabilities
   
335,152
     
283,841
 
                 
Long-term debt
   
101
     
120
 
Other accrued liabilities
   
13,573
     
12,380
 
Accrued asbestos liabilities
   
29,383
     
31,328
 
Total liabilities
   
378,209
     
327,669
 
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock – par value $2.00 per share:
               
Authorized – 30,000,000 shares; issued 23,936,036 shares
   
47,872
     
47,872
 
Capital in excess of par value
   
101,183
     
96,850
 
Retained earnings
   
361,288
     
336,464
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   
(5,487
)
   
(11,028
)
Treasury stock – at cost (1,142,469 shares and 1,101,487 shares in 2017 and 2016, respectively)
   
(32,632
)
   
(29,130
)
Total stockholders’ equity
   
472,224
     
441,028
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
850,433
   
$
768,697
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
 
5

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 
(In thousands)
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
   
(Unaudited)
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net earnings
 
$
33,498
   
$
31,448
 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
11,316
     
9,269
 
Amortization of deferred financing cost
   
172
     
167
 
Increase to allowance for doubtful accounts
   
1,230
     
412
 
Increase to inventory reserves
   
767
     
2,351
 
Amortization of deferred gain on sale of building
   
(524
)
   
(524
)
Equity income from joint ventures
   
(1,111
)
   
(385
)
Employee Stock Ownership Plan allocation
   
1,080
     
1,011
 
Stock-based compensation
   
4,005
     
2,736
 
Excess tax benefits related to exercise of  employee stock grants
   
     
(137
)
Decrease in deferred income taxes
   
749
     
1,383
 
Loss on discontinued operations, net of tax
   
1,130
     
1,070
 
Change in assets and liabilities:
               
Increase in accounts receivable
   
(53,069
)
   
(41,726
)
Increase in inventories
   
(27,048
)
   
(20,819
)
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
(943
)
   
4,073
 
Increase in accounts payable
   
17,475
     
18,989
 
Increase in sundry payables and accrued expenses
   
5,663
     
13,381
 
Net change in other assets and liabilities
   
(1,225
)
   
1,029
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
   
(6,835
)
   
23,728
 
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Acquisitions of and investments in businesses
   
     
(67,289
)
Capital expenditures
   
(8,843
)
   
(10,134
)
Other investing activities
   
2
     
5
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(8,841
)
   
(77,418
)
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Net borrowings under line-of-credit agreements
   
24,134
     
52,567
 
Net borrowings (payments) of long-term debt and capital lease obligations
   
(21
)
   
109
 
Purchase of treasury stock
   
(5,176
)
   
(377
)
Increase in overdraft balances
   
1,488
     
2,472
 
Excess tax benefits related to the exercise of employee stock grants
   
     
137
 
Dividends paid
   
(8,674
)
   
(7,705
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
11,751
     
47,203
 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
   
518
     
82
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
   
(3,407
)
   
(6,405
)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS at beginning of period
   
19,796
     
18,800
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS at end of period
 
$
16,389
   
$
12,395
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
               
Cash paid during the period for:
               
Interest
 
$
956
   
$
516
 
Income taxes
 
$
19,499
   
$
13,376
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
 
6

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
   
Common
Stock
   
Capital in
Excess of
Par Value
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Total
 
(In thousands)
                                   
Balance at December 31, 2016
 
$
47,872
   
$
96,850
   
$
336,464
   
$
(11,028
)
 
$
(29,130
)
 
$
441,028
 
Net earnings
   
     
     
33,498
     
     
     
33,498
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
   
     
     
     
5,541
     
     
5,541
 
Cash dividends paid
   
     
     
(8,674
)
   
     
     
(8,674
)
Purchase of treasury stock
   
     
     
     
     
(5,333
)
   
(5,333
)
Stock-based compensation
   
     
3,319
     
     
     
686
     
4,005
 
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
   
     
1,014
     
     
     
1,145
     
2,159
 
                                                 
Balance at June 30, 2017
 
$
47,872
   
$
101,183
   
$
361,288
   
$
(5,487
)
 
$
(32,632
)
 
$
472,224
 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
 
7

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
 
Note 1.
Basis of Presentation

Standard Motor Products, Inc. and subsidiaries (referred to as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is engaged in the manufacture and distribution of replacement parts for motor vehicles in the automotive aftermarket industry with a complementary focus on heavy duty, industrial equipment and the original equipment service market.
 
The accompanying unaudited financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The unaudited consolidated financial statements include our accounts and all domestic and international companies in which we have more than a 50% equity ownership.  Our investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for on the equity method, as we do not have a controlling financial interest but have the ability to exercise significant influence.  All significant inter-company items have been eliminated.
 
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.  The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire year.

Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes have been reclassified to conform to the 2017 presentation.

Note 2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The preparation of consolidated annual and quarterly financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods.  We have made a number of estimates and assumptions in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements.  We can give no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates.  Some of the more significant estimates include allowances for doubtful accounts, realizability of inventory, goodwill and other intangible assets, depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets, product liability, other postretirement benefits, asbestos, environmental and litigation matters, the valuation of deferred tax assets and sales return allowances.
 
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from the information provided in Note 1 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
 
8


STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting pronouncements that could have a material effect on our financial statements:

Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effects on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
Standards that are not yet adopted as of June 30, 2017
 
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
 
This standard outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance.  Under the new guidance, “an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.”
  
January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted but not before January 1, 2017
 
  
The new standard provides entities the option of using either a full retrospective or a modified approach to adopt the guidance. To date we performed an assessment of the potential impacts of the pronouncement including certain contract reviews.  Based on our initial assessment we do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.  We will be continuously assessing the new standard and reviewing contracts through January 1, 2018, the date of implementation.  We are currently evaluating the method of adoption.
     
ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers – Deferral of the Effective Date
 
This standard defers by one year the mandatory effective date of its revenue recognition standard, and provides entities the option to adopt the standard as of the original effective date.
             
ASU 2016-02, Leases
 
This standard outlines the need to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all leases (other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease).  For income statement purposes, the FASB retained the dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or financing.  Operating leases will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern.
 
January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted
 
The new standard must be adopted utilizing a modified retrospective transition, and provides for certain expedients.  The new standard will require that we recognize all of our leases, including our current operating leases, on the balance sheet.  We are currently in the process of taking an inventory of our leases and are evaluating the impact the new standard will have on our consolidated financial statements, and when we will adopt the new standard.
 
9

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effects on the financial statements or other significant matters
             
Standards that are not yet adopted as of June 30, 2017
             
ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows
 
This standard is intended to reduce diversity in practice and to provide guidance as to how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows.
 
January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted
 
The new standard requires application using a retrospective transition method.  We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
 
             
ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment
 
 
 
 
 
This standard is intended to simplify the accounting for goodwill impairment.  ASU 2017-04 removes Step 2 of the test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation.  A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.
 
 
January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted
 
 
 
 
 
The new standard should be applied prospectively.  We will consider the new standard when performing our annual impairment test and evaluate when we will adopt the new standard.
 
 
             
ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost
 
 
This standard requires employers that present operating income in their consolidated statement of operations to include only the service cost component of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost in operating expenses (together with other employee compensation costs).  The other components of net benefit cost, including amortization of prior service cost/credit, and settlement and curtailment effects, are to be included in other non-operating income (expense).  The new standard requires retrospective reclassification of the effects of the new standard on the statement of operations.
 
January 1, 2018, with early adopted permitted
 
 
The new standard will require that we retrospectively reclassify all components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost, other than the service cost component, in our statement of operations from selling, general and administrated expenses, as presently reported, to other non-operating income (expense).
 
10

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effects on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
Standards that were adopted
 
ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes
 
This standard requires entities with a classified balance sheet to present all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent. The new guidance requires entities to offset all deferred tax assets and liabilities (and valuation allowances) for each tax-paying jurisdiction within each tax-paying component.  The net deferred tax must be presented as a single noncurrent amount.
 
January 1, 2017
 
The adoption of the new standard resulted in the reclassification of deferred tax assets previously reported as current deferred tax assets to noncurrent deferred tax assets in our consolidated balance sheets.  We adopted the new standard retrospectively, and as such, all prior period current deferred tax assets in our consolidated balance sheets have also been reclassified to noncurrent deferred tax assets for comparative purposes.
             
ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory
 
This standard changes the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to lower of cost and net realizable value for entities that measure inventory using first-in, first-out or average cost.  In addition, this standard eliminates the requirement for these entities to consider replacement cost or net realizable value less an approximate normal profit margin when measuring inventory.
 
January 1, 2017
 
The prospective adoption of the new standard did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
             
ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting
 
This standard requires (1) that the tax effects related to share-based payments at settlement (or expiration) be recorded through the tax provision (benefit) in the income statement rather than in equity as permitted under prior guidance under certain circumstances; (2) that all tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments be reported as operating activities on the statement of cash flows, a change from the current requirement to present windfall tax benefits as an inflow from financing activities and an outflow from operating activities; and (3) that when computing diluted earnings per share, the effect of “windfall” tax benefits be excluded from the hypothetical proceeds used to calculate the repurchase of shares under the treasury stock method.
 
January 1, 2017
 
We adopted the new standard prospectively.  The adoption of the new standard did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, and based upon the current price of our common stock, we do not expect that the adoption of the new standard will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Note 3.
Business Acquisitions and Investments

2016 Business Acquisitions

In May 2016, we acquired the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation for approximately $67.5 million.  The acquisition was paid for in cash funded by our revolving credit facility with JPMorgan Chase, as agent.  The acquisition includes the purchase of certain assets and the assumption of certain liabilities of General Cable Corporation’s (and certain of its affiliates) automotive ignition wire business in North America as well as 100% of the equity interests of a General Cable subsidiary in Nogales, Mexico.
 
11

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
The following table presents the allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their fair values (in thousands):

Purchase Price
       
$
67,451
 
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
             
Receivables
 
$
3,130
         
Inventory
   
12,567
         
Other current and noncurrent assets (1)
   
334
         
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
2,660
         
Intangible assets
   
42,440
         
Goodwill
   
12,746
         
Current liabilities
   
(6,426
)
       
Net assets acquired
         
$
67,451
 

(1)
Other current and noncurrent assets includes $0.2 million of cash acquired.
 
Intangible assets acquired of $42.4 million consists of customer relationships of $39.4 million that will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 15 years; a non-compete agreement of $2.2 million that will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 5 years; and a supply agreement of $0.8 million that will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 1 year.  Goodwill of $12.7 million was allocated to the Engine Management Segment and is deductible for income tax purposes.  The goodwill reflects relationships, business specific knowledge and the replacement cost of an assembled workforce associated with personal reputations, as well as the value of anticipated synergies.
 
Incremental net sales from the acquisition included in our consolidated statements of operations were $15 million and $38.4 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.

Note 4.
Restructuring and Integration Expenses

The aggregated liabilities included in “sundry payables and accrued expenses” and “other accrued liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheet relating to the restructuring and integration activities as of December 31, 2016 and June 30, 2017 and activity for the six months ended June 30, 2017 consisted of the following (in thousands):

   
Workforce
Reduction
   
Other Exit
Costs
   
Total
 
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2016
 
$
2,576
   
$
   
$
2,576
 
Restructuring and integration costs:
                       
Amounts provided for during 2017
   
1,788
     
994
     
2,782
 
Cash payments
   
(1,300
)
   
(994
)
   
(2,294
)
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes
   
84
     
     
84
 
Exit activity liability at June 30, 2017
 
$
3,148
   
$
   
$
3,148
 
 
12

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Restructuring Costs

Plant Rationalization Program

In February 2016, in connection with our ongoing efforts to improve operating efficiencies and reduce costs, we finalized our intention to implement a plant rationalization initiative.  As part of the plant rationalization, certain production activities will be relocated from our Grapevine, Texas manufacturing facility to facilities in Greenville, South Carolina and Reynosa, Mexico, certain service functions will be relocated from Grapevine, Texas to our administrative offices in Lewisville, Texas, and our Grapevine, Texas facility will be closed.  In addition, certain production activities will be relocated from our Greenville, South Carolina manufacturing facility to our manufacturing facility in Bialystok, Poland.  Restructuring and integration expenses expected to be incurred related to the program of approximately $5.7 million, consisting of employee severance and relocation of certain machinery and equipment, will be recognized throughout the program.  Through June 30, 2017, total restructuring and integration expenses related to the program of $4.8 million were recognized.  We anticipate that the plant rationalization will be completed by the end of 2017.
 
Activity, by segment, for the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to our plant rationalization program consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
   
Engine
Management
   
Temperature
Control
   
 
Other
   
Total
 
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2016
 
$
11
   
$
2,043
   
$
   
$
2,054
 
Restructuring and integration costs:
                               
Amounts provided for during 2017
   
602
     
1,038
     
     
1,640
 
Cash payments
   
(613
)
   
(1,132
)
   
     
(1,745
)
Exit activity liability at June 30, 2017
 
$
   
$
1,949
   
$
   
$
1,949
 

Orlando Plant Rationalization Program

In January 2017, to further our ongoing efforts to improve operating efficiencies and reduce costs, we finalized our intention to implement another plant rationalization initiative at our Orlando, Florida facility.  As part of the plant rationalization, we will relocate production activities from our Orlando, Florida manufacturing facility to Independence, Kansas, and close our Orlando, Florida facility.  Restructuring and integration expenses expected to be incurred related to the program of approximately $3.1 million, consisting of employee severance and relocation of certain machinery and equipment, will be recognized throughout the program.  Through June 30, 2017, total restructuring and integration expenses related to the program of $0.6 million were recognized.  We anticipate that the Orlando plant rationalization will be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2018.

Activity, by segment, for the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to our Orlando plant rationalization program consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
   
Engine
Management
   
Temperature
Control
   
 
Other
   
Total
 
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2016
 
$
   
$
   
$
   
$
 
Restructuring and integration costs:
                               
Amounts provided for during 2017
   
617
     
     
     
617
 
Cash payments
   
(87
)
   
     
     
(87
)
Exit activity liability at June 30, 2017
 
$
530
   
$
   
$
   
$
530
 
 
13

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
Integration Costs

Wire and Cable Relocation

In connection with our acquisition of the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation in May 2016, we expect to incur certain integration expenses, including costs to be incurred in connection with the consolidation of the General Cable Corporation Altoona, Pennsylvania distribution center into our existing wire distribution center in Edwardsville, Kansas and the relocation of certain machinery and equipment.  In October 2016, we further announced our plan to relocate all production from the acquired Nogales, Mexico wire set assembly operation to our existing wire assembly facility in Reynosa, Mexico and to close the Nogales, Mexico plant.  Integration expenses expected to be incurred related to the closure of the Nogales, Mexico plant include employee severance and the relocation of certain machinery and equipment.  Total integration expenses of $2.6 million are expected to be incurred related to the program.  Through June 30, 2017, integration expenses related to the program of $1.2 million were recognized.  We anticipate that the wire and cable relocation program will be completed by the end of the first quarter of 2018.
 
Activity, by segment, for the six months ended June 30, 2017 related to our wire and cable relocation program consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
   
Engine
Management
   
Temperature
Control
   
Other
   
Total
 
Exit activity liability at December 31, 2016
 
$
522
   
$
   
$
   
$
522
 
Restructuring and integration costs:
                               
Amounts provided for during 2017
   
525
     
     
     
525
 
Cash payments
   
(462
)
   
     
     
(462
)
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes
   
84
     
     
     
84
 
Exit activity liability at June 30, 2017
 
$
669
   
$
   
$
   
$
669
 

Note 5.
Sale of Receivables

From time to time, we sell undivided interests in certain of our receivables to financial institutions.  We enter these agreements at our discretion when we determine that the cost of factoring is less than the cost of servicing our receivables with existing debt.  Under the terms of the agreements, we retain no rights or interest, have no obligations with respect to the sold receivables, and do not service the receivables after the sale.  As such, these transactions are being accounted for as a sale.
 
Pursuant to these agreements, we sold $224.3 million and $404.1 million of receivables during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $201.7 million and $367.6 million for the comparable periods in 2016.  A charge in the amount of $6.4 million and $11.6 million related to the sale of receivables is included in selling, general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $4.9 million and $8.9 million for the comparable periods in 2016.  If we do not enter into these arrangements or if any of the financial institutions with which we enter into these arrangements were to experience financial difficulties or otherwise terminate these arrangements, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected by delays or failures to collect future trade accounts receivable.
 
14

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Note 6.
Inventories

Inventories, which are stated at the lower of cost (determined by means of the first-in, first-out method) or market, consist of the following:

   
June 30,
2017
   
December 31,
2016
 
 
(In thousands)
 
         
Finished goods
 
$
222,414
   
$
203,700
 
Work-in-process
   
8,597
     
6,823
 
Raw materials
   
109,875
     
101,954
 
Total inventories
 
$
340,886
   
$
312,477
 

Note 7.
Acquired Intangible Assets

Acquired identifiable intangible assets consist of the following:

   
June 30,
2017
   
December 31,
2016
 
   
(In thousands)
 
             
Customer relationships
 
$
87,333
   
$
87,070
 
Trademarks and trade names
   
6,800
     
6,800
 
Non-compete agreements
   
3,201
     
3,189
 
Patents
   
723
     
723
 
Supply agreements
   
800
     
800
 
Leaseholds
   
160
     
160
 
Total acquired intangible assets
   
99,017
     
98,742
 
Less accumulated amortization (1)
   
(40,031
)
   
(35,830
)
Net acquired intangible assets
 
$
58,986
   
$
62,912
 

(1)
Applies to all intangible assets, except for trademarks and trade names totaling $5.2 million, which have indefinite useful lives and, as such, are not being amortized.

Total amortization expense for acquired intangible assets was $2.1 million and $4.2 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $1.5 million and $2.7 million for the comparable periods in 2016.  Based on the current estimated useful lives assigned to our acquired intangible assets, amortization expense is estimated to be $3.8 million for the remainder of 2017, $7.6 million in 2018, $6.3 million in 2019, $5.9 million in 2020 and $30.2 million in the aggregate for the years 2021 through 2031.
 
15

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Note 8.
Credit Facilities and Long-Term Debt

Total debt outstanding is summarized as follows:

   
June 30,
2017
   
December 31,
2016
 
   
(In thousands)
 
             
Revolving credit facilities
 
$
78,946
   
$
54,812
 
Other
   
147
     
163
 
Total debt
 
$
79,093
   
$
54,975
 
                 
Current maturities of debt
 
$
78,992
   
$
54,855
 
Long-term debt
   
101
     
120
 
Total debt
 
$
79,093
   
$
54,975
 

Revolving Credit Facility

In October 2015, we entered into a Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as agent, and a syndicate of lenders for a senior secured revolving credit facility with a line of credit of up to $250 million (with an additional $50 million accordion feature) and a maturity date in October 2020.  The line of credit under the agreement also allows for a $10 million line of credit to Canada as part of the $250 million available for borrowing.  Direct borrowings under the credit agreement bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75% based on our borrowing availability, or floating at the alternate base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% based on our borrowing availability, at our option.  The credit agreement is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and secured by certain of our assets.
 
Borrowings under the credit agreement are secured by substantially all of our assets, including accounts receivable, inventory and certain fixed assets, and those of certain of our subsidiaries.  Availability under the credit agreement is based on a formula of eligible accounts receivable, eligible inventory, eligible equipment and eligible fixed assets.  After taking into account outstanding borrowings under the credit agreement, there was an additional $162.2 million available for us to borrow pursuant to the formula at June 30, 2017.  Outstanding borrowings under the credit agreement, which are classified as current liabilities, were $78.9 million and $54.8 million at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.  Borrowings under the credit agreement have been classified as current liabilities based upon the accounting rules and certain provisions in the agreement.
 
At June 30, 2017, the weighted average interest rate on our credit agreement was 2.5%, which consisted of $75 million in direct borrowings at 2.4% and an alternative base rate loan of $3.9 million at 4.5%.  At December 31, 2016, the weighted average interest rate on our credit agreement was 2.3%, which consisted of $45 million in direct borrowings at 2% and an alternative base rate loan of $9.8 million at 4%.  During the six months ended June 30, 2017, our average daily alternative base rate loan balance was $5.2 million, compared to a balance of $3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016, and a balance of $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.
 
At any time that our borrowing availability is less than the greater of either (a) $25 million, or 10% of the commitments if fixed assets are not included in the borrowing base, or (b) $31.25 million, or 12.5% of the commitments if fixed assets are included in the borrowing base, the terms of the credit agreement provide for, among other provisions, a financial covenant requiring us, on a consolidated basis, to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1:1 at the end of each fiscal quarter (rolling four quarters).  As of June 30, 2017, we were not subject to these covenants.  The credit agreement permits us to pay cash dividends of $20 million and make stock repurchases of $20 million in any fiscal year subject to a minimum availability of $25 million.  Provided specific conditions are met, the credit agreement also permits acquisitions, permissible debt financing, capital expenditures, and cash dividend payments and stock repurchases of greater than $20 million.
 
16

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Deferred Financing Costs

We had deferred financing costs of $1.1 million and $1.3 million as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.  Deferred financing costs are related to our revolving credit facility.  Deferred financing costs as of June 30, 2017 are being amortized in the amounts of $0.2 million for the remainder of 2017, $0.3 million in 2018, $0.3 million in 2019 and $0.3 million in 2020.

Note 9.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income by Component (in thousands)

   
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
 
   
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
   
Unrecognized
Postretirement
Benefit Costs
(Credit)
   
Total
 
Balance at March 31, 2017
 
$
(8,529
)
 
$
189
   
$
(8,340
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
   
2,733
     
283
     
3,016
 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
   
     
(163
)
   
(163
)
Other comprehensive income, net
   
2,733
     
120
     
2,853
 
Balance at June 30, 2017
 
$
(5,796
)
 
$
309
   
$
(5,487
)

   
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
 
   
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
   
Unrecognized
Postretirement
Benefit Costs
(Credit)
   
Total
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
 
$
(11,252
)
 
$
224
   
$
(11,028
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
   
5,456
     
283
     
5,739
 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
   
     
(198
)
   
(198
)
Other comprehensive income, net
   
5,456
     
85
     
5,541
 
Balance at June 30, 2017
 
$
(5,796
)
 
$
309
   
$
(5,487
)
 
17

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (in thousands)

Details About Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Components
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2017
   
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2017
 
Amortization of postretirement benefit plans:
           
Prior service benefit (1)
 
$
   
$
 
Unrecognized (gain) loss (1)
   
(271
)
   
(330
)
Total before income tax
   
(271
)
   
(330
)
Income tax expense
   
108
     
132
 
Total reclassifications for the period
 
$
(163
)
 
$
(198
)
 
(1)
These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic postretirement benefit costs, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations (see Note 11 for additional details).

Note 10.  Stock-Based Compensation Plans

We account for our stock-based compensation plans in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 718, Stock Compensation, which requires that a company measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award.  The cost is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award.

Restricted and Performance Stock Grants

As part of the 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan, we currently grant shares of restricted stock to eligible employees and our independent directors and performance-based stock to eligible employees.  Selected executives and other key personnel are granted performance awards whose vesting is contingent upon meeting various performance measures with a retention feature.  Performance-based shares are subject to a three-year measuring period and the achievement of performance targets and, depending upon the achievement of such performance targets, they may become vested on the third anniversary of the date of grant.  Each period we evaluate the probability of achieving the applicable targets, and we adjust our accrual accordingly.  Restricted shares granted to employees become fully vested upon the third anniversary of the date of grant; and for selected key executives, certain additional restricted share grants vest 25% upon the attainment of age 60, 25% upon the attainment of age 63 and become fully vested upon the attainment of age 65.  Restricted shares granted to directors become fully vested upon the first anniversary of the date of grant.  Commencing with the 2015 grants, restricted and performance shares issued to certain key executives and directors are subject to a one or two year holding period upon the lapse of the three year vesting period.  Forfeitures on restricted stock grants are estimated at 5% for employees and 0% for executives and directors, respectively, based on our evaluation of historical and expected future turnover.
 
18

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Our restricted and performance-based share activity was as follows for the six months ended June 30, 2017:
 
   
Shares
   
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value Per Share
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
   
822,848
   
$
30.46
 
Granted
   
8,450
     
42.83
 
Vested
   
(14,634
)
   
29.17
 
Forfeited
   
(4,150
)
   
35.66
 
Balance at June 30, 2017
   
812,514
   
$
30.59
 

We recorded compensation expense related to restricted shares and performance-based shares of $3.5 million ($2.2 million, net of tax) and $2.3 million ($1.5 million, net of tax) for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The unamortized compensation expense related to our restricted and performance-based shares was $12.7 million at June 30, 2017, and is expected to be recognized as they vest over a weighted average period of 5.3 years and 0.8 years for employees and directors, respectively.

Note 11.
Employee Benefits

We provided, and continue to provide, certain medical and dental care benefits to eligible retired U.S. and Canadian employees. Under the U.S. plan, for non-union employees, a Health Reimbursement Account (“HRA”) was established beginning January 1, 2009 for each qualified U.S. retiree.  Annually, and through the year ended December 31, 2016, a fixed amount was credited into the HRA to cover both medical and dental costs for all current and future eligible retirees.  Under the Canadian plan, retiree medical and dental benefits were funded using insurance contracts.  Premiums under the insurance contracts were funded on a pay-as-you-go basis.  The postretirement medical plans to substantially all eligible U.S. and Canadian employees terminated on December 31, 2016.  For U.S. plan participants, balances in the HRA accounts at December 31, 2016 will remain available for use until December 31, 2018.  Any remaining balance at December 31, 2018 will be forfeited.  Postretirement medical and dental benefits to eligible employees will continue to be provided to the 24 former union employees in the U.S.

The components of net periodic benefit cost for our postretirement benefit plans for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 were as follows (in thousands):

    
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Postretirement benefits
 
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Service cost
 
$
   
$
   
$
   
$
 
Interest cost
   
2
     
3
     
4
     
6
 
Amortization of prior service cost
   
     
(14
)
   
     
(27
)
Actuarial net loss
   
(271
)
   
115
     
(330
)
   
390
 
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
 
$
(269
)
 
$
104
   
$
(326
)
 
$
369
 

We maintain a defined contribution Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan for key employees.  Under the plan, these employees may elect to defer a portion of their compensation and, in addition, we may at our discretion make contributions to the plan on behalf of the employees.  In March 2017, we made company contributions to the plan of $0.3 million related to calendar year 2016.
 
We also have an Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust for employees who are not covered by a collective bargaining agreement.  In connection therewith, we maintain an employee benefits trust to which we contribute shares of treasury stock.  We are authorized to instruct the trustees to distribute such shares toward the satisfaction of our future obligations under the plan. The shares held in trust are not considered outstanding for purposes of calculating earnings per share until they are committed to be released.  The trustees will vote the shares in accordance with their fiduciary duties.  During the six months ended June 30, 2017, we contributed to the trust an additional 43,300 shares from our treasury and released 43,300 shares from the trust leaving 200 shares remaining in the trust as of June 30, 2017.
 
19

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Note 12.
Fair Value Measurements

The carrying value of our financial instruments consisting of cash and cash equivalents, deferred compensation, and short term borrowings approximate their fair value.  In each instance, fair value is determined after considering Level 1 inputs under the three-level fair value hierarchy.  For fair value purposes, the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short maturity of those investments.  The fair value of the assets held by the deferred compensation plan are based on the quoted market prices of the underlying funds which are held in registered investment companies. The carrying value of our revolving credit facilities, classified as short term borrowings, equals fair market value because the interest rate reflects current market rates.

Note 13.
Earnings Per Share

The following are reconciliations of the earnings available to common stockholders and the shares used in calculating basic and dilutive net earnings per common share (in thousands, except per share data):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Basic Net Earnings Per Common Share:
                       
Earnings from continuing operations
 
$
18,261
   
$
19,862
   
$
34,628
   
$
32,518
 
Loss from discontinued operations
   
(497
)
   
(618
)
   
(1,130
)
   
(1,070
)
Net earnings available to common stockholders
 
$
17,764
   
$
19,244
   
$
33,498
   
$
31,448
 
                                 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
   
22,820
     
22,705
     
22,833
     
22,674
 
                                 
Earnings from continuing operations per common share
 
$
0.80
   
$
0.87
   
$
1.52
   
$
1.43
 
Loss from discontinued operations per common share
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.05
)
   
(0.04
)
Basic net earnings per common share
 
$
0.78
   
$
0.85
   
$
1.47
   
$
1.39
 
                                 
Diluted Net Earnings Per Common Share:
                               
Earnings from continuing operations
 
$
18,261
   
$
19,862
   
$
34,628
   
$
32,518
 
Loss from discontinued operations
   
(497
)
   
(618
)
   
(1,130
)
   
(1,070
)
Net earnings available to common stockholders
 
$
17,764
   
$
19,244
   
$
33,498
   
$
31,448
 
                                 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
   
22,820
     
22,705
     
22,833
     
22,674
 
Plus incremental shares from assumed conversions:
                               
Dilutive effect of restricted stock and performance-based stock
   
509
     
314
     
499
     
315
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Diluted
   
23,329
     
23,019
     
23,332
     
22,989
 
                                 
Earnings from continuing operations per common share
 
$
0.78
   
$
0.86
   
$
1.48
   
$
1.41
 
Loss from discontinued operations per common share
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.02
)
   
(0.04
)
   
(0.04
)
Diluted net earnings per common share
 
$
0.76
   
$
0.84
   
$
1.44
   
$
1.37
 
 
20

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
The shares listed below were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented or because they were excluded under the treasury method (in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
Restricted and performance-based shares
   
228
     
338
     
240
     
341
 

Note 14.
Industry Segments

We have two major reportable operating segments, each of which focuses on a specific line of replacement parts.  Our Engine Management Segment manufactures and remanufactures ignition and emission parts, ignition wires, battery cables, fuel system parts and sensors for vehicle systems.  Our Temperature Control Segment manufactures and remanufactures air conditioning compressors, air conditioning and heating parts, engine cooling system parts, power window accessories and windshield washer system parts.
 
The following tables show our segment net sales, intersegment revenue and operating income by our operating segments (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Segment Net Sales (a)
                       
Engine Management
 
$
223,349
   
$
198,848
   
$
434,663
   
$
379,529
 
Temperature Control
   
87,391
     
87,503
     
157,681
     
144,269
 
All Other
   
1,989
     
2,626
     
2,763
     
4,090
 
Consolidated
 
$
312,729
   
$
288,977
   
$
595,107
   
$
527,888
 
                                 
Intersegment Net Sales
                               
Engine Management
 
$
5,831
   
$
5,817
   
$
13,143
   
$
10,689
 
Temperature Control
   
2,095
     
2,121
     
4,124
     
3,715
 
All Other
   
(7,926
)
   
(7,938
)
   
(17,267
)
   
(14,404
)
Consolidated
 
$
   
$
   
$
   
$
 
                                 
Operating Income
                               
Engine Management
 
$
26,489
   
$
30,548
   
$
53,774
   
$
54,752
 
Temperature Control
   
8,262
     
5,647
     
12,229
     
7,814
 
All Other
   
(5,082
)
   
(4,351
)
   
(10,815
)
   
(10,703
)
Consolidated
 
$
29,669
   
$
31,844
   
$
55,188
   
$
51,863
 

(a)
Segment net sales includes intersegment sales in our Engine Management and Temperature Control segments.

Note 15.
Commitments and Contingencies

Asbestos

In 1986, we acquired a brake business, which we subsequently sold in March 1998 and which is accounted for as a discontinued operation. When we originally acquired this brake business, we assumed future liabilities relating to any alleged exposure to asbestos-containing products manufactured by the seller of the acquired brake business. In accordance with the related purchase agreement, we agreed to assume the liabilities for all new claims filed on or after September 2001. Our ultimate exposure will depend upon the number of claims filed against us on or after September 2001 and the amounts paid for indemnity and defense thereof.  At June 30, 2017, approximately 1,595 cases were outstanding for which we may be responsible for any related liabilities.  Since inception in September 2001 through June 30, 2017, the amounts paid for settled claims are approximately $22.1 million.
 
21

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
In evaluating our potential asbestos-related liability, we have considered various factors including, among other things, an actuarial study of the asbestos related liabilities performed by an independent actuarial firm, our settlement amounts and whether there are any co-defendants, the jurisdiction in which lawsuits are filed, and the status and results of settlement discussions.  As is our accounting policy, we consider the advice of actuarial consultants with experience in assessing asbestos-related liabilities to estimate our potential claim liability.  The methodology used to project asbestos-related liabilities and costs in our actuarial study considered: (1) historical data available from publicly available studies; (2) an analysis of our recent claims history to estimate likely filing rates into the future; (3) an analysis of our currently pending claims; and (4) an analysis of our settlements to date in order to develop average settlement values.
 
The most recent actuarial study was performed as of August 31, 2016.  The updated study has estimated an undiscounted liability for settlement payments, excluding legal costs and any potential recovery from insurance carriers, ranging from $31 million to $47.7 million for the period through 2059. The change from the prior year study was a $2.3 million decrease for the low end of the range and a $3.4 million decrease for the high end of the range.  The decrease in the estimated undiscounted liability from the prior year study at both the low end and high end of the range reflects our actual experience over the prior twelve months, our historical data and certain assumptions with respect to events that may occur in the future.  Based on the information contained in the actuarial study and all other available information considered by us, we have concluded that no amount within the range of settlement payments was more likely than any other and, therefore, in assessing our asbestos liability we compare the low end of the range to our recorded liability to determine if an adjustment is required.  Based upon the results of the August 31, 2016 actuarial study, a favorable adjustment to the asbestos liability was not recorded in our consolidated financial statements as the difference between our recorded liability and the liability in the actuarial report at the low end of the range was not material.  Future legal costs, which are expensed as incurred and reported in loss from discontinued operations in the accompanying statement of operations, are estimated, according to the updated study, to range from $42.7 million to $78.6 million for the period through 2059.
 
We plan to perform an annual actuarial evaluation during the third quarter of each year for the foreseeable future. Given the uncertainties associated with projecting such matters into the future and other factors outside our control, we can give no assurance that additional provisions will not be required. We will continue to monitor the circumstances surrounding these potential liabilities in determining whether additional provisions may be necessary.  At the present time, however, we do not believe that any additional provisions would be reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity or consolidated financial position.

Other Litigation

We are currently involved in various other legal claims and legal proceedings (some of which may involve substantial amounts), including claims related to commercial disputes, product liability, employment, and environmental.  Although these legal claims and legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, based on our understanding and evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances, we believe that the ultimate outcome of these matters will not, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.  We may at any time determine that settling any of these matters is in our best interests, which settlement may include substantial payments.  Although we cannot currently predict the specific amount of any liability that may ultimately arise with respect to any of these matters, we will record provisions when the liability is considered probable and reasonably estimable.  Significant judgment is required in both the determination of probability and the determination as to whether an exposure can be reasonably estimated.  As additional information becomes available, we reassess our potential liability related to these matters. Such revisions of the potential liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
 
22

STANDARD MOTOR PRODUCTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (Continued)
 
Warranties

We generally warrant our products against certain manufacturing and other defects.  These product warranties are provided for specific periods of time of the product depending on the nature of the product.  As of June 30, 2017 and 2016, we have accrued $24.5 million and $26.9 million, respectively, for estimated product warranty claims included in accrued customer returns.  The accrued product warranty costs are based primarily on historical experience of actual warranty claims.
 
The following table provides the changes in our product warranties (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
25,609
   
$
26,404
   
$
24,072
   
$
23,395
 
Liabilities accrued for current year sales
   
25,693
     
25,418
     
51,423
     
47,999
 
Settlements of warranty claims
   
(26,774
)
   
(24,876
)
   
(50,967
)
   
(44,448
)
Balance, end of period
 
$
24,528
   
$
26,946
   
$
24,528
   
$
26,946
 
 
23

ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL  CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  Forward-looking statements in this Report are indicated by words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “believes,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “projects,” “strategies” and similar expressions. These statements represent our expectations based on current information and assumptions and are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties.  Our actual results could differ materially from those which are anticipated or projected as a result of certain risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, changes in business relationships with our major customers and in the timing, size and continuation of our customers’ programs; changes in our receivables factoring arrangements; the ability of our customers to achieve their projected sales; competitive product and pricing pressures; increases in production or material costs that cannot be recouped in product pricing; the performance of the aftermarket, heavy duty, industrial equipment and original equipment service markets; changes in the product mix and distribution channel mix; economic and market conditions; successful integration of acquired businesses; our ability to achieve benefits from our cost savings initiatives; product liability and environmental matters (including, without limitation, those related to asbestos-related contingent liabilities and remediation costs at certain properties); as well as other risks and uncertainties, such as those described under Risk Factors, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk and those detailed herein and from time to time in the filings of the Company with the SEC.  Forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. In addition, historical information should not be considered as an indicator of future performance.  The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Report.

Business Overview

We are a leading independent manufacturer and distributor of replacement parts for motor vehicles in the automotive aftermarket industry with a complementary focus on heavy duty, industrial equipment and the original equipment service market.  We are organized into two major operating segments, each of which focuses on specific lines of replacement parts.  Our Engine Management Segment manufactures and remanufactures ignition and emission parts, ignition wires, battery cables, fuel system parts and sensors for vehicle systems.  Our Temperature Control Segment manufactures and remanufactures air conditioning compressors, air conditioning and heating parts, engine cooling system parts, power window accessories, and windshield washer system parts.
 
We sell our products primarily to warehouse distributors, large retail chains, original equipment manufacturers and original equipment service part operations in the United States, Canada, Latin America, and Europe.  Our customers consist of many of the leading warehouse distributors and auto parts retail chains, such as NAPA Auto Parts (National Automotive Parts Association, Inc.), Advance Auto Parts, Inc./CARQUEST Auto Parts, AutoZone, Inc., O’Reilly Automotive, Inc., Canadian Tire Corporation Limited and The Pep Boys Manny, Moe & Jack, as well as national program distribution groups, such as Auto Value and All Pro/Bumper to Bumper (Aftermarket Auto Parts Alliance, Inc.), Automotive Distribution Network LLC, The National Pronto Association (“Pronto”), Federated Auto Parts Distributors, Inc. (“Federated”), Pronto and Federated’s affiliate, the Automotive Parts Services Group or The Group, Auto Plus and specialty market distributors. We distribute parts under our own brand names, such as Standard®, Blue Streak®, BWD®, Select®, Intermotor®, GP Sorensen®, TechSmart®, Tech Expert®, OEM®, LockSmart®, Four Seasons®, EVERCO®, ACi®, COMPRESSORWORKS® and Hayden® and through co-labels and private labels, such as CARQUEST®, Duralast®, Duralast Gold®, Import Direct®, Master Pro®, Omni-Spark®, Ultima Select®, Murray®, NAPA® Echlin®, NAPA Proformer™ Mileage Plus®, NAPA Temp Products™, NAPA® Belden®, Cold Power®, DriveworksTM and ToughOneTM.
 
24

Our goal is to grow revenues and earnings and deliver returns in excess of our cost of capital by being the best-in-class, full-line, full-service supplier of premium products to the engine management and temperature control markets. Our management places significant emphasis on improving our financial performance by achieving operating efficiencies and improving asset utilization, while maintaining product quality and high customer order fill rates.  We intend to continue to improve our operating efficiency, customer satisfaction and cost position by increasing cost‑effective vertical integration in key product lines through internal development and improving our cost effectiveness and competitive responsiveness to better serve our customer base, including sourcing certain products from low cost regions such as those in Asia without compromising product quality.

Seasonality.  Historically, our operating results have fluctuated by quarter, with the greatest sales occurring in the second and third quarters of the year and revenues generally being recognized at the time of shipment. It is in these quarters that demand for our products is typically the highest, specifically in the Temperature Control Segment of our business.  In addition to this seasonality, the demand for our Temperature Control products during the second and third quarters of the year may vary significantly with the summer weather and customer inventories.  For example, a cool summer, as we experienced in both 2014 and 2013, may lessen the demand for our Temperature Control products, while a warm summer, as we experienced in 2016, may increase such demand.  As a result of this seasonality and variability in demand of our Temperature Control products, our working capital requirements typically peak near the end of the second quarter, as the inventory build‑up of air conditioning products is converted to sales and payments on the receivables associated with such sales have yet to be received. During this period, our working capital requirements are typically funded by borrowing from our revolving credit facility.
 
Inventory Management.  We face inventory management issues as a result of warranty and overstock returns. Many of our products carry a warranty ranging from a 90-day limited warranty to a lifetime limited warranty, which generally covers defects in materials or workmanship and failure to meet industry published specifications and/or the result of installation error.  In addition to warranty returns, we also permit our customers to return new, undamaged products to us within customer-specific limits (which are generally limited to a specified percentage of their annual purchases from us) in the event that they have overstocked their inventories.  In addition, the seasonality of our Temperature Control Segment requires that we increase our inventory during the winter season in preparation of the summer selling season and customers purchasing such inventory have the right to make returns.
 
In order to better control warranty and overstock return levels, we have in place procedures for authorized warranty returns, including for warranty returns which result from installation error, placed restrictions on the amounts customers can return and instituted a program to better estimate potential future product returns.  In addition, with respect to our air conditioning compressors, which are our most significant customer product warranty returns, we established procedures whereby a warranty will be voided if a customer does not provide acceptable proof that complete air conditioning system repair was performed in accordance with approved procedures.
 
Discounts, Allowances and Incentives.  We offer a variety of usual customer discounts, allowances and incentives.  First, we offer cash discounts for paying invoices in accordance with the specified discount terms of the invoice.  Second, we offer pricing discounts based on volume purchased from us and participation in our cost reduction initiatives.  These discounts are principally in the form of “off-invoice” discounts and are immediately deducted from sales at the time of sale. For those customers that choose to receive a payment on a quarterly basis instead of “off-invoice,” we accrue for such payments as the related sales are made and reduce sales accordingly.  Finally, rebates and discounts are provided to customers as advertising and sales force allowances, and allowances for warranty and overstock returns are also provided.  Management analyzes historical returns, current economic trends, and changes in customer demand when evaluating the adequacy of the sales returns and other allowances. Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with establishing the sales returns and other allowances in any accounting period.  We account for these discounts and allowances as a reduction to revenues, and record them when the related sales are recorded.
 
25

Interim Results of Operations:

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016

Sales.  Consolidated net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2017 were $312.7 million, an increase of $23.7 million, or 8.2%, compared to $289 million in the same period of 2016.  Consolidated net sales increased due to the higher results achieved by our Engine Management Segment.
 
The following table summarizes consolidated net sales by segment and by major product group within each segment for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
 
   
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
Engine Management:
           
Ignition, Emission and Fuel System Parts
 
$
178,105
   
$
166,028
 
Wire and Cable
   
45,244
     
32,820
 
Total Engine Management
   
223,349
     
198,848
 
                 
Temperature Control:
               
Compressors          
   
49,644
     
49,743
 
Other Climate Control Parts
   
37,747
     
37,760
 
Total Temperature Control
   
87,391
     
87,503
 
                 
All Other
   
1,989
     
2,626
 
                 
Total          
 
$
312,729
   
$
288,977
 

Engine Management’s net sales increased $24.5 million, or 12.3%, to $223.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017.  Net sales in the ignition, emissions and fuel systems parts product group for the three months ended June 30, 2017 were $178.1 million, an increase of $12.1 million, or 7.3%, compared to $166 million in the same period of 2016.  Net sales in the wire and cable product group for the three months ended June 30, 2017 were $45.2 million, an increase of $12.4 million, or 37.8%, compared to $32.8 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016.  In May 2016, we acquired the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation.  Incremental net sales from the acquisition of $15 million were included in net sales of the wire and cable product group for the three months ended June 30, 2017.  Excluding the incremental sales from the acquisition, net sales in the wire and cable product group declined $2.6 million, or 7.9%, and Engine Management net sales increased $9.5 million, or 4.8%, compared to the same period of 2016.
 
Temperature Control’s net sales were essentially flat for the three months ended June 30, 2017.  Net sales in both the compressors product group and other climate control parts product group were essentially unchanged for the three months ended June 30, 2017 when compared to net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2016.  Demand for our Temperature Control products may vary significantly with summer weather conditions and customer inventories.

Gross Margins.  Gross margins, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, decreased to 29% in the second quarter of 2017, compared to 30.1% in the second quarter of 2016.  The following table summarizes gross margins by segment for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively (in thousands):
 
26

Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Engine
Management
   
Temperature
Control
   
Other
   
Total
 
2017
                       
Net sales
 
$
223,349
   
$
87,391
   
$
1,989
   
$
312,729
 
Gross margins
   
65,599
     
23,111
     
1,956
     
90,666
 
Gross margin percentage
   
29.4
%
   
26.4
%
   
     
29
%
                                 
2016
                               
Net sales
 
$
198,848
   
$
87,503
   
$
2,626
   
$
288,977
 
Gross margins
   
63,831
     
20,584
     
2,661
     
87,076
 
Gross margin percentage
   
32.1
%
   
23.5
%
   
     
30.1
%

Compared to the second quarter of 2016, gross margins at Engine Management decreased 2.7 percentage points from 32.1% to 29.4%, and gross margins at Temperature Control increased 2.9 percentage points from 23.5% to 26.4%.  The gross margin percentage decrease in Engine Management compared to the prior year reflects inefficiencies and redundant costs incurred during our various planned production moves.  The gross margin percentage increase in Temperature Control compared to the prior year resulted primarily from transferring production manufacturing to our lower cost Reynosa, Mexico facility.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) increased to $60.1 million, or 19.2% of consolidated net sales, in the second quarter of 2017, as compared to $54.8 million, or 18.9% of consolidated net sales, in the second quarter of 2016.  The $5.3 million increase in SG&A expenses as compared to the second quarter of 2016 is principally due to (1) higher selling and marketing costs, higher distribution expenses, and higher costs incurred in our accounts receivable factoring program, all associated with the increased sales volumes; and (2) incremental expenses from our acquisition of the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation, including amortization of intangible assets acquired.

Restructuring and Integration Expenses.  Restructuring and integration expenses for the second quarter of 2017 were $1.2 million compared to restructuring and integration expenses of $0.8 million for the second quarter of 2016.  The $0.4 million year-over-year increase in restructuring and integration expenses reflects the impact of the plant rationalization program that commenced in February 2016, the wire and cable relocation program announced in October 2016, and the Orlando plant rationalization program that commenced in January 2017.

Other Income, net. Other income, net was $0.3 million in both the second quarter of 2017 and 2016.  During 2017 and 2016, we recognized $0.3 million of deferred gain related to the sale-leaseback of our Long Island City, New York facility.

Operating Income.  Operating income decreased to $29.7 million in the second quarter of 2017, compared to $31.8 million in the second quarter of 2016.  The year-over year decrease in operating income of $2.1 million is the result of the impact of lower gross margins as a percentage of consolidated net sales, higher SG&A expenses and higher restructuring and integration expenses, which more than offset the impact of higher consolidated net sales.

Other Non-Operating Income, Net.  Other non-operating income, net was $0.7 million in the second quarter of 2017, compared to $0.3 million in the second quarter of 2016.  The year-over-year improvement in other non-operating income, net resulted primarily from the increase in equity income from our joint ventures.

Interest Expense.  Interest expense increased to $0.7 million in the second quarter of 2017, compared to $0.4 million in the second quarter of 2016.  The year-over-year increase interest expense reflects the impact of higher year-over-year average interest rates on our revolving credit facility.
 
27

Income Tax Provision.  The income tax provision in the second quarter of 2017 was $11.4 million at an effective tax rate of 38.5% compared to $11.9 million at an effective tax rate of 37.4% for the same period in 2016.  The higher year-over-year effective tax rate is the result of a change in the mix of pre-tax income from the lower foreign tax rate jurisdictions to the U.S.

Loss from Discontinued Operations.  Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, reflects legal expenses associated with our asbestos-related liability.  We recorded $0.5 million and $0.6 million as a loss from discontinued operations for the second quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively.  As discussed more fully in Note 15 in the notes to our consolidated financial statements (unaudited), we are responsible for certain future liabilities relating to alleged exposure to asbestos containing products.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016

Sales.  Consolidated net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were $595.1 million, an increase of $67.2 million, or 12.7%, compared to $527.9 million in the same period of 2016.  Consolidated net sales increased due to the higher results achieved by both our Engine Management and Temperature Control Segments.
 
The following table summarizes consolidated net sales by segment and by major product group within each segment for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
Engine Management:
           
Ignition, Emission and Fuel System Parts
 
$
343,258
   
$
320,135
 
Wire and Cable
   
91,405
     
59,394
 
Total Engine Management
   
434,663
     
379,529
 
                 
Temperature Control:
               
Compressors         
   
87,545
     
77,000
 
Other Climate Control Parts
   
70,136
     
67,269
 
Total Temperature Control
   
157,681
     
144,269
 
                 
All Other
   
2,763
     
4,090
 
                 
Total
 
$
595,107
   
$
527,888
 

Engine Management’s net sales increased $55.1 million, or 14.5%, to $434.7 million for the first six months of 2017.  Net sales in the ignition, emissions and fuel systems parts product group for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were $343.3 million, an increase of $23.2 million, or 7.2%, compared to $320.1 million in the same period of 2016.  Net sales in the wire and cable product group for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were $91.4 million, an increase of $32 million, or 53.9%, compared to $59.4 million in the first six months of 2016.  In May 2016, we acquired the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation.  Incremental net sales from the acquisition of $38.4 million were included in net sales of the wire and cable product group for the six months ended June 30, 2017.  Excluding the incremental sales from the acquisition, net sales in the wire and cable product group declined $6.4 million, or 10.8%, and Engine Management net sales increased $16.7 million, or 4.4%, compared to the first six months of 2016.
 
Temperature Control’s net sales increased $13.4 million, or 9.3%, to $157.7 million for the first six months of 2017.  Net sales in the compressors product group for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were $87.5 million, an increase of $10.5 million, or 13.6%, compared to $77 million in the same period of 2016.  Net sales in the other climate control parts product group for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were $70.1 million, an increase of $2.8 million, or 4.2%, compared to $67.3 million in the first six months of 2016.  Demand for our Temperature Control products during the second and third quarter of each year may vary significantly with summer weather conditions and customer inventories.
 
28

Gross Margins.  Gross margins, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, decreased to 29.4% in the first six months of 2017, compared to 30.3% during the same period in 2016.  The following table summarizes gross margins by segment for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
Engine
Management
   
Temperature
Control
   
 
Other
   
Total
 
2017
                       
Net sales
 
$
434,663
   
$
157,681
   
$
2,763
   
$
595,107
 
Gross margins
   
129,723
     
40,818
     
4,235
     
174,776
 
Gross margin percentage
   
29.8
%
   
25.9
%
   
     
29.4
%
                                 
2016
                               
Net sales
 
$
379,529
   
$
144,269
   
$
4,090
   
$
527,888
 
Gross margins
   
121,107
     
34,674
     
4,291
     
160,072
 
Gross margin percentage
   
31.9
%
   
24
%
   
     
30.3
%

Compared to the first six months of 2016, gross margins at Engine Management decreased 2.1 percentage points from 31.9% to 29.8%, and gross margins at Temperature Control increased 1.9 percentage points from 24% to 25.9%.  The gross margin percentage decrease in Engine Management compared to the prior year reflects inefficiencies and redundant costs incurred during our various planned production moves.  The gross margin percentage increase in Temperature Control compared to the prior year resulted primarily from transferring production manufacturing to our lower cost Reynosa, Mexico facility.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  SG&A expenses increased to $117.4 million, or 19.7% of consolidated net sales, in the six months ended June 30, 2017, as compared to $107.8 million, or 20.4% of consolidated net sales, in the same period of 2016.  The $9.6 million increase in SG&A expenses as compared to the first six months of 2016 is principally due to (1) higher selling and marketing costs, higher distribution expenses, and higher costs incurred in our accounts receivable factoring program, all associated with increased sales volumes; and (2) incremental expenses from our acquisition of the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation, including amortization of intangible assets acquired.

Restructuring and Integration Expenses.  Restructuring and integration expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were $2.8 million compared to restructuring and integration expenses of $1 million in the same period of 2016.  The $1.8 million year-over-year increase in restructuring and integration expenses reflects the impact of the plant rationalization program that commenced in February 2016, the wire and cable relocation program announced in October 2016, and the Orlando plant rationalization program that commenced in January 2017.

Other Income, Net. Other income, net was $0.6 million in both the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.  During 2017 and 2016, we recognized $0.5 million of deferred gain related to the sale-leaseback of our Long Island City, New York facility.

Operating Income.  Operating income was $55.2 million in the first six months of 2017, compared to $51.9 million for the same period in 2016. The year-over-year increase in operating income of $3.3 million is the result of higher consolidated net sales offset, in part, by lower gross margins as a percentage of consolidated net sales, higher SG&A expenses and higher restructuring and integration expenses.

Other Non-Operating Income, Net.  Other non-operating income, net was $1.6 million in the first six months of 2017, compared to other non-operating income, net of $0.6 million in the first six months of 2016.  The year-over-year improvement in other non-operating income, net resulted primarily from the increase in equity income from our joint ventures and the favorable impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
 
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Interest Expense.  Interest expense increased to $1.2 million in the first six months of 2017, compared to $0.7 million for the same period in 2016.  The year-over-year increase reflects the impact of higher average outstanding borrowings during the first six months of 2017 when compared to the same period in 2016, and the higher year-over-year average interest rates on our revolving credit facility.  The year-over-year increase in our average outstanding borrowings resulted primarily from the impact of our May 2016 acquisition of the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation for approximately $67.5 million which was funded by our revolving credit facility.

Income Tax Provision.  The income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $20.9 million at an effective tax rate of 37.7%, compared to $19.2 million at an effective tax rate of 37.2% for the same period in 2016.  The higher year-over-year effective tax rate is the result of a change in the mix of pre-tax income from the lower foreign tax rate jurisdictions to the U.S.

Loss from Discontinued Operations.  Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, reflects legal expenses associated with our asbestos-related liability. We recorded $1.1 million as a loss from discontinued operations for both the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.  As discussed more fully in Note 15 in the notes to our consolidated financial statements (unaudited), we are responsible for certain future liabilities relating to alleged exposure to asbestos containing products.

Restructuring and Integration Programs

Plant Rationalization Program

In February 2016, in connection with our ongoing efforts to improve operating efficiencies and reduce costs, we finalized our intention to implement a plant rationalization initiative.  As part of the plant rationalization, certain production activities will be relocated from our Grapevine, Texas manufacturing facility to facilities in Greenville, South Carolina and Reynosa, Mexico, certain service functions will be relocated from Grapevine, Texas to our administrative offices in Lewisville, Texas, and our Grapevine, Texas facility will be closed.  In addition, certain production activities will be relocated from our Greenville, South Carolina manufacturing facility to our manufacturing facility in Bialystok, Poland.  The following table summarizes the Plant Rationalization Program’s current forecast estimate through the end of the program, and the amounts incurred through June 30, 2017:

    
Forecast
   
Amounts Incurred Through
June 30, 2017
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Restructuring and integration expense
 
$
5,700
   
$
4,845
 
Capital expenditures
   
4,000
     
3,693
 
Temporary incremental operating expense
   
2,800
     
2,332
 
Total
 
$
12,500
   
$
10,870
 

Temporary incremental operating expense consists of labor and overhead inefficiencies during the program resulting from running duplicate facilities.

Wire and Cable Relocation

In connection with our acquisition of the North American automotive ignition wire business of General Cable Corporation in May 2016, we expect to incur certain integration expenses, including costs to be incurred in connection with the consolidation of the General Cable Corporation Altoona, Pennsylvania distribution center into our existing wire distribution center in Edwardsville, Kansas and the relocation of certain machinery and equipment.  In October 2016, we further announced our plan to relocate all production from the acquired Nogales, Mexico wire set assembly operation to our existing wire assembly facility in Reynosa, Mexico and to close the Nogales, Mexico plant.  The following table summarizes the Wire and Cable Relocation Program’s current forecast estimate through the end of the program, and the amounts incurred through June 30, 2017:
 
30

   
Forecast
   
Amounts Incurred Through
June 30, 2017
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Restructuring and integration expense
 
$
2,600
   
$
1,239
 
Capital expenditures
   
1,100
     
556
 
Temporary incremental operating expense
   
3,300
     
1,961
 
Total
 
$
7,000
   
$
3,756
 

Temporary incremental operating expense consists of labor and overhead inefficiencies during the program resulting from running duplicate facilities.

Orlando Plant Rationalization Program

In January 2017, to further our ongoing efforts to improve operating efficiencies and reduce costs, we finalized our intention to implement another plant rationalization initiative at our Orlando, Florida facility.  As part of the plant rationalization, we plan to relocate production activities from our Orlando, Florida manufacturing facility to Independence, Kansas, and close our Orlando, Florida facility.  The following table summarizes the Orlando Plant Rationalization Program’s current forecast estimate through the end of the program, and the amounts incurred through June 30, 2017:

   
Forecast
   
Amounts Incurred Through
June 30, 2017
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Restructuring and integration expense
 
$
3,100
   
$
617
 
Capital expenditures
   
800
     
228
 
Total
 
$
3,900
   
$
845
 

For a detailed discussion on the restructuring and integration costs, see Note 4, “Restructuring and Integration Expenses,” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Operating Activities. During the first six months of 2017, cash used in operating activities was $6.8 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of $23.7 million in the same period of 2016.  The year-over-year decrease in operating cash flow is primarily the result of the larger year-over-year increase in accounts receivable, the larger year-over-year increase in inventories, the smaller year-over-year increase in sundry payables and accrued expenses, and the year-over-year increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets compared to the year-over-year decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the same period of 2016 offset, in part, by the increase in net earnings.
 
Net earnings during the first six months of 2017 were $33.5 million compared to $31.4 million in the first six months of 2016.  During the first six months of 2017, (1) the increase in receivables was $53.1 million compared to the year-over-year increase in receivables of $41.7 million in 2016; (2) the increase in inventories was $27 million compared to the year-over-year increase in inventories of $20.8 million in 2016; (3) the increase in sundry payables and accrued expenses was $5.7 million compared to the year-over-year increase in sundry payables and accrued expenses of $13.4 million in 2016; and (4) the increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets was $0.9 million compared to the year-over-year decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $4.1 million in 2016.  The higher year-over-year increase in receivables as compared to 2016 reflects the impact of the higher year-over-year net sales, while the comparative increase in inventories is the result of “safety stock” built in connection with our restructuring and integration programs.  We continue to actively manage our working capital to maximize our operating cash flow.
 
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Investing Activities.  Cash used in investing activities was $8.8 million in the first six months of 2017, compared to $77.4 million in the same period of 2016.  Investing activities during the first six months of 2017 consisted of capital expenditures of $8.8 million.  Investing activities during the first six months of 2016 consisted of (1) our acquisition of certain assets and the assumption of certain liabilities of General Cable Corporation’s automotive ignition wire business in North America as well as 100% of the equity interests of a General Cable subsidiary in Nogales, Mexico for $67.3 million, net of cash acquired and (2) capital expenditures of $10.1 million.

Financing Activities.  Cash provided by financing activities was $11.8 million in the first six months of 2017, compared to $47.2 million in the same period of 2016.  During the first six months of 2017, borrowings under our revolving credit facility of $24.1 million were used to fund our operating cash flow, purchase shares of our common stock, pay dividends and fund our capital expenditures.  During the first six months of 2016, borrowings under our revolving credit facility of $52.6 million, along with cash provided by operating activities, were used to fund the acquisition of the North American automotive ignition business of General Cable Corporation, purchase shares of our common stock, pay dividends and fund capital expenditures.  During the first six months of 2017, we made cash payments for the repurchase of our common stock of $5.2 million as compared to $0.4 million in 2016.   Dividends of $8.7 million were paid in the first six months of 2017 as compared to $7.7 million in the comparable period last year.  In January 2017, our Board of Directors voted to increase our quarterly dividend from $0.17 per share in 2016 to $0.19 per share in 2017.
 
In October 2015, we entered into a Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as agent, and a syndicate of lenders for a senior secured revolving credit facility with a line of credit of up to $250 million (with an additional $50 million accordion feature) and a maturity date in October 2020.  The line of credit under the agreement also allows for a $10 million line of credit to Canada as part of the $250 million available for borrowing.  Direct borrowings under the credit agreement bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75% based on our borrowing availability, or floating at the alternate base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% based on our borrowing availability, at our option.  The credit agreement is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and secured by certain of our assets.
 
Borrowings under the credit agreement are secured by substantially all of our assets, including accounts receivable, inventory and certain fixed assets, and those of certain of our subsidiaries.  Availability under the credit agreement is based on a formula of eligible accounts receivable, eligible inventory, eligible equipment and eligible fixed assets.  After taking into account outstanding borrowings under the credit agreement, there was an additional $162.2 million available for us to borrow pursuant to the formula at June 30, 2017.  Outstanding borrowings under the credit agreement, which are classified as current liabilities, were $78.9 million and $54.8 million at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.  Borrowings under the credit agreement have been classified as current liabilities based upon the accounting rules and certain provisions in the agreement.
 
At June 30, 2017, the weighted average interest rate on our credit agreement was 2.5%, which consisted of $75 million in direct borrowings at 2.4% and an alternative base rate loan of $3.9 million at 4.5%.  At December 31, 2016, the weighted average interest rate on our credit agreement was 2.3%, which consisted of $45 million in direct borrowings at 2% and an alternative base rate loan of $9.8 million at 4%.  During the six months ended June 30, 2017, our average daily alternative base rate loan balance was $5.2 million, compared to a balance of $3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016, a balance of $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.
 
At any time that our borrowing availability is less than the greater of either (a) $25 million, or 10% of the commitments if fixed assets are not included in the borrowing base, or (b) $31.25 million, or 12.5% of the commitments if fixed assets are included in the borrowing base, the terms of the credit agreement provide for, among other provisions, a financial covenant requiring us, on a consolidated basis, to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1:1 at the end of each fiscal quarter (rolling four quarters).  As of June 30, 2017, we were not subject to these covenants.  The credit agreement permits us to pay cash dividends of $20 million and make stock repurchases of $20 million in any fiscal year subject to a minimum availability of $25 million.  Provided specific conditions are met, the credit agreement also permits acquisitions, permissible debt financing, capital expenditures, and cash dividend payments and stock repurchases of greater than $20 million.
 
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In order to reduce our accounts receivable balances and improve our cash flow, we sell undivided interests in certain of our receivables to financial institutions.  We enter these agreements at our discretion when we determine that the cost of factoring is less than the cost of servicing our receivables with existing debt.  Under the terms of the agreements, we retain no rights or interest, have no obligations with respect to the sold receivables, and do not service the receivables after the sale.  As such, these transactions are being accounted for as a sale.
 
Pursuant to these agreements, we sold $224.3 million and $404.1 million of receivables during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $201.7 million and $367.6 million for the comparable periods in 2016.  A charge in the amount of $6.4 million and $11.6 million related to the sale of receivables is included in selling, general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $4.9 million and $8.9 million for the comparable periods in 2016.  If we do not enter into these arrangements or if any of the financial institutions with which we enter into these arrangements were to experience financial difficulties or otherwise terminate these arrangements, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected by delays or failures to collect future trade accounts receivable.
 
In February 2017, our Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to $20 million of our common stock under a stock repurchase program.  Stock will be purchased from time to time, in the open market or through private transactions, as market conditions warrant.  Under this program, during the six months ended June 30, 2017, we repurchased 109,291 shares of our common stock at a total cost of $5.3 million.  As of June 30, 2017, there was approximately $14.7 million available for future repurchases under the program.  In July 2017, we repurchased an additional 17,689 shares of our common stock under the program at a total cost of $0.9 million, thereby reducing the amount available for future stock repurchases under the Board of Directors authorization to $13.8 million.
 
In February 2016, in connection with our ongoing efforts to improve operating efficiencies and reduce costs, we finalized our intention to implement a plant rationalization initiative.  As part of the plant rationalization, certain production activities will be relocated from our Grapevine, Texas manufacturing facility to facilities in Greenville, South Carolina and Reynosa, Mexico, certain service functions will be relocated from Grapevine, Texas to our administrative offices in Lewisville, Texas, and our Grapevine, Texas facility will be closed.  In addition, certain production activities will be relocated from our Greenville, South Carolina manufacturing facility to our manufacturing facility in Bialystok, Poland.  One-time plant rationalization costs of approximately $12.5 million are expected to be incurred, consisting of restructuring and integration expenses of approximately $5.7 million related to employee severance a