Edgar Filing: LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

________________

Form 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

Commission file number 1-14180

Loral Space & Communications Inc.

600 Fifth Avenue

New York, New York 10020

Telephone: (212) 697-1105

Jurisdiction of incorporation: Delaware

IRS identification number: 87-0748324

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ¨		Accelerated filer	þ
Non-accelerated filer ¨	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨
		Emerging growth company	¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes ¨ No þ

As of May 1, 2018, 21,427,078 shares of the registrant’s voting common stock and 9,505,673 shares of the registrant’s non-voting common stock were outstanding.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

	Page No.
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017	5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017	6

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22

Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33

Item 4: Disclosure Controls and Procedures	34

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1: Legal Proceedings	35

Item 1A: Risk Factors	35

Item 6: Exhibits	35

Signatures	36

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2018			2017
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	251,741		$	255,139
Income taxes receivable		10,851			11,105
Other current assets		4,350			3,099
Total current assets		266,942			269,343
Income taxes receivable, non-current		1,550			1,550
Investments in affiliates		39,306			53,430
Deferred tax assets		55,145			50,016
Other assets		366			372
Total assets	$	363,309		$	374,711

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accrued employment costs	$	1,283		$	2,573
Other current liabilities		1,718			1,279
Total current liabilities		3,001			3,852
Pension and other postretirement liabilities		18,429			18,786
Other liabilities		61,950			61,475
Total liabilities		83,380			84,113
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, 0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares		—			—
issued and outstanding
Common Stock:
Voting common stock, 0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized,
21,581,572 issued		216			216
Non-voting common stock, 0.01 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized
9,505,673 issued and outstanding		95			95
Paid-in capital		1,019,988			1,019,988
Treasury stock (at cost), 154,494 shares of voting common stock		(9,592	)		(9,592	)
Accumulated deficit		(700,644	)		(682,831	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(30,134	)		(37,278	)
Total shareholders' equity		279,929			290,598
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	363,309		$	374,711

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
General and administrative expenses	$	(1,636	)	$	(1,865	)
Operating loss		(1,636	)		(1,865	)
Interest and investment income		888			399
Interest expense		(5	)		(5	)
Other expense		(634	)		(815	)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates		(1,387	)		(2,286	)
Income tax benefit (provision)		587			(66,064	)
Loss from continuing operations before equity in net income of affiliates		(800	)		(68,350	)
Equity in net income of affiliates		5,094			139,714
Income from continuing operations		4,294			71,364
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		—			(5	)
Net income		4,294			71,359
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		7,144			(3,038	)
Comprehensive income	$	11,438		$	68,321

Net income per share:

Basic
Income from continuing operations	$	0.14		$	2.31
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		—			—
Net income	$	0.14		$	2.31

Diluted
Income from continuing operations	$	0.14		$	2.30
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		—			—
Net income	$	0.14		$	2.30

Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		30,933			30,933
Diluted		31,008			31,008

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock										Treasury Stock								Accumulated
	Voting				Non-Voting						Voting								Other
	Shares				Shares				Paid-In							Accumulated			Comprehensive			Shareholders'
	Issued		Amount		Issued		Amount		Capital		Shares		Amount			Deficit			Loss			Equity
Balance, January 1, 2017		21,582	$	216		9,506	$	95	$	1,019,988		154	$	(9,592	)	$	(826,460	)	$	(13,836	)	$	170,411
Net income																	134,464
Other comprehensive loss																				(18,974	)
Comprehensive income																							115,490
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, reclassification tax effect																	4,468			(4,468	)		—
Cumulative effect adjustment attributable to previously unrecognized excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation																	4,697						4,697
Balance, December 31, 2017		21,582		216		9,506		95		1,019,988		154		(9,592	)		(682,831	)		(37,278	)		290,598
Net income																	4,294
Other comprehensive income																				7,144
Comprehensive income																							11,438
Cumulative effect adjustment attributable to investment in Telesat, net of tax of $5.4 million																	(22,107	)					(22,107	)
Balance, March 31, 2018		21,582	$	216		9,506	$	95	$	1,019,988		154	$	(9,592	)	$	(700,644	)	$	(30,134	)	$	279,929

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Operating activities:
Net income	$	4,294		$	71,359
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		—			5
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Non-cash operating items (Note 2)		(5,961	)		(127,289	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Other current assets and other assets		(1,251	)		(703	)
Accrued employment costs and other current liabilities		(850	)		(777	)
Income taxes receivable and payable		255			53,362
Pension and other postretirement liabilities		(357	)		(200	)
Other liabilities		472			656
Net cash used in operating activities – continuing operations		(3,398	)		(3,587	)
Net cash used in operating activities – discontinued operations		—			(2,809	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(3,398	)		(6,396	)
Investing activities:
Distribution received from affiliate		—			242,735
Net cash provided by investing activities – continuing operations		—			242,735
Net cash provided by investing activities – discontinued operations		—			—
Net cash provided by investing activities		—			242,735
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (Note 2) — period (decrease) increase		(3,398	)		236,339
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (Note 2) — beginning of year		255,443			37,458
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — end of period	$	252,045		$	273,797

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Organization and Principal Business

Loral Space & Communications Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“Loral,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us”) is a leading satellite communications company engaged, through our ownership interests in affiliates, in satellite-based communications services.

Description of Business

Loral has one operating segment consisting of satellite-based communications services. Loral participates in satellite services operations primarily through its ownership interest in Teleast Canada (“Telesat”), a leading global satellite operator. Loral holds a 62.7% economic interest and a 32.7% voting interest in Telesat. We use the equity method of accounting for our ownership interest in Telesat (see Note 5).

Telesat owns and leases a satellite fleet that operates in geostationary earth orbit approximately 22,000 miles above the equator. In this orbit, satellites remain in a fixed position relative to points on the earth’s surface and provide reliable, high-bandwidth services anywhere in their coverage areas, serving as the backbone for many forms of telecommunications. Telesat is also developing a global constellation of low earth orbit (“LEO”) satellites. LEO satellites operate in a circular orbit around the earth with an altitude typically between 500 and 870 miles. Unlike geostationary orbit satellites that operate in a fixed orbital location above the equator, LEO satellites travel around the earth at high velocities requiring antennas on the ground to track their movement. LEO satellite systems have the potential to offer a number of advantages over geostationary orbit satellites to meet growing requirements for broadband services, both consumer and commercial, by providing increased data speeds and capacity, global coverage, and latency on par with, or potentially better than, terrestrial services.

2. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and, in our opinion, include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of results of operations, financial position and cash flows as of the balance sheet dates presented and for the periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to SEC rules. We believe that the disclosures made are adequate to keep the information presented from being misleading. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The December 31, 2017 balance sheet has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Discontinued Operations

On November 2, 2012, pursuant to the purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated as of June 26, 2012, as amended on October 30, 2012 and March 28, 2013, by and among Loral, Space Systems/Loral, LLC (formerly known as Space Systems/Loral, Inc.) (“SSL”), MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. (“MDA”) and MDA Communications Holdings, Inc. (“MDA Holdings”), a subsidiary of MDA, Loral completed the sale of SSL (the “SSL Sale”), its wholly-owned subsidiary, to MDA Holdings.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

Interest expense that is directly related to the SSL Sale is classified as discontinued operations in the statements of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Investments in Affiliates

Our ownership interest in Telesat is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Income and losses of Telesat are recorded based on our economic interest. Our equity in net income or loss of Telesat also reflects amortization of profits eliminated, to the extent of our economic interest in Telesat, on satellites we constructed for them while we owned SSL and on Loral’s sale to Telesat in April 2011 of its portion of the payload on the ViaSat-1 satellite and related assets. Non-refundable cash distributions received from Telesat in excess of our initial investment and our share of cumulative equity in comprehensive income of Telesat, net of cash distributions received in prior periods, are recorded as equity in net income of Telesat (“Excess Cash Distribution”) since we have no obligation to provide future financial support to Telesat. After receiving an Excess Cash Distribution, we do not record additional equity in net income of Telesat until our share of Telesat’s future net income exceeds the Excess Cash Distribution. Equity in losses of affiliates is not recognized after the carrying value of an investment, including advances and loans, has been reduced to zero, unless guarantees or other funding obligations exist. We had no guarantees or other funding obligations for our equity method investments as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. We use the nature of distribution approach to classify distributions from equity method investments on the statements of cash flows. The Company monitors its equity method investments for factors indicating other-than-temporary impairment. An impairment loss is recognized when there has been a loss in value of the affiliate that is other-than-temporary.

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the amount of income (loss) reported for the period. Actual results could materially differ from estimates.

Significant estimates also included the allowances for doubtful accounts, income taxes, including the valuation of deferred tax assets, the fair value of liabilities indemnified, the dilutive effect of Telesat stock options (see Note 10) and our pension liabilities.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

As of March 31, 2018, the Company had $251.7 million of cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include liquid investments, primarily money market funds, with maturities of less than 90 days at the time of purchase. Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments at the time of purchase and at each balance sheet date.

As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had restricted cash of $0.3 million. The restricted cash of $0.3 million represents the amount pledged as collateral to the issuer of a standby letter of credit (the “LC”). The LC, which expires in October 2018 and contains an automatic renewal period of one year, has been provided as a guaranty to the lessor of our corporate offices.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheet to the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	251,741		255,139
Restricted cash included in other assets		304		304
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$	252,045		255,443

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and receivables. Our cash and cash equivalents are maintained with high-credit-quality financial institutions. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents were invested primarily in several liquid Prime and Government AAA money market funds. Such funds are not insured by Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The dispersion across funds reduces the exposure of a default at any one fund. As a result, management believes that its potential credit risks are minimal.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

Fair Value Measurements

U.S. GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received for an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants. U.S. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy that gives the highest priority to observable inputs and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

Level 1: Inputs represent a fair value that is derived from unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities traded in active markets at the measurement date.

Level 2: Inputs represent a fair value that is derived from quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities, and pricing inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date.

Level 3: Inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques that include option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, and similar techniques.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The following table presents our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis (in thousands):

	March 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	249,066	$	—	$	—	$	251,742	$	—	$	—
Other current assets:
Indemnification - Sale of SSL		—		—		2,410		—		—		2,410
Liabilities
Long-term liabilities
Indemnification - Globalstar do Brasil S.A.	$	—	$	—	$	285	$	—	$	—	$	293

The carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates fair value as of each reporting date because of the short maturity of those instruments.

The Company did not have any non-financial assets or non-financial liabilities that were recognized or disclosed at fair value as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

We review the carrying values of our equity method investments when events and circumstances warrant and consider all available evidence in evaluating when declines in fair value are other-than-temporary. The fair values of our investments are determined based on valuation techniques using the best information available and may include quoted market prices, market comparables and discounted cash flow projections. An impairment charge is recorded when the carrying amount of the investment exceeds its current fair value and is determined to be other-than-temporary.

The asset resulting from the indemnification of SSL is for certain pre-closing taxes and reflects the excess of payments since inception over the estimated liability, which was originally determined using the fair value objective approach. The estimated liability for indemnifications relating to Globalstar do Brasil S.A. (“GdB”), originally determined using expected value analysis, is net of payments since inception.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

Contingencies

Contingencies by their nature relate to uncertainties that require management to exercise judgment both in assessing the likelihood that a liability has been incurred as well as in estimating the amount of potential loss, if any. We accrue for costs relating to litigation, claims and other contingent matters when such liabilities become probable and reasonably estimable. Such estimates may be based on advice from third parties or on management’s judgment, as appropriate. Actual amounts paid may differ from amounts estimated, and such differences will be charged to operations in the period in which the final determination of the liability is made.

Income Taxes

Loral and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxation on their worldwide income and foreign taxation on certain income from sources outside the United States. Telesat is subject to tax in Canada and other jurisdictions, and Loral will provide in operating earnings any additional U.S. current and deferred tax required on distributions received or deemed to be received from Telesat. Deferred income taxes reflect the future tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial and income tax reporting and are measured by applying anticipated statutory tax rates in effect for the year during which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The tax benefit of an uncertain tax position (“UTP”) taken or expected to be taken in income tax returns is recognized only if it is “more likely than not” to be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on its technical merits as of the reporting date. The tax benefit recognized in the financial statements from such a position is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income taxes in income tax expense on a quarterly basis.

The unrecognized tax benefit of a UTP is recognized in the period when the UTP is effectively settled. A previously recognized tax position is derecognized in the first period in which it is no longer more likely than not that such tax position would be sustained upon examination.

Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share are computed based upon the weighted average number of shares of voting and non-voting common stock outstanding during each period. Shares of non-voting common stock are in all respects identical to and treated equally with shares of voting common stock except for the absence of voting rights (other than as provided in Loral’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation which was ratified by Loral’s stockholders on May 19, 2009). Diluted earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of shares of voting and non-voting common stock outstanding during each period, adjusted for the effect of unvested or unconverted restricted stock units. For diluted earnings per share, earnings are adjusted for the dilutive effect of Telesat stock options.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. On December 22, 2017, Public Law 115-97, known as the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” was signed into law. Among other things, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act permanently reduced the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent effective for tax years commencing January 1, 2018. According to ASU 2018-02, an entity may elect either to (a) reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings the stranded income tax effects of the federal tax rate change (the “Reclassification”) or (b) provide certain disclosures. The new guidance is effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, with earlier adoption permitted in any interim or annual period. The amendments in this update are to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the tax rate change is recognized. The Company early adopted the new guidance in the fourth quarter of 2017 and elected the Reclassification approach. As a result of adopting the new guidance, we reclassified $4.5 million of stranded deferred federal income tax benefits from accumulated other comprehensive loss to accumulated deficit in the fourth quarter of 2017 related to the change in the federal corporate income tax rate.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. ASU No. 2017-07, as it applies to the Company, amended the presentation of net periodic pension and postretirement cost (i.e. net benefit cost). The new guidance requires the service cost component to be presented separate from the non-service cost components of net benefit cost. While the service cost will be presented with other employee compensation costs within operations, the non-service cost components of net benefit cost, such as interest cost, amortization of prior service cost, and gains or losses, are required to be separately presented outside of operations, if income or loss from operations is presented. The guidance, to be applied retrospectively, is effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. Adoption of the new guidance on January 1, 2018, with retrospective effect, required us to restate the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the prior-period presented. Accordingly, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, of the net benefit cost of $0.4 million, we reclassified the non-service cost components of $0.2 million from general and administrative expenses to other expense. Adoption of the new guidance did not affect previously reported financial position, earnings per share, or cash flows.

In February 2016, the FASB amended the ASC by creating ASC Topic 842, Leases. ASC Topic 842 requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a lease term greater than 12 months. The main difference between previous U.S. GAAP and ASC Topic 842 is the recognition under ASC 842 of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous U.S. GAAP. The new guidance, effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, with earlier application permitted, is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Additional Cash Flow Information

The following represents non-cash activities and supplemental information to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Non-cash operating items:
Equity in net income of affiliates	$	(5,094	)	$	(139,714	)
Deferred taxes		(1,141	)		12,171
Depreciation and amortization		5			15
Amortization of prior service credit and actuarial loss		269			239
Net non-cash operating items – continuing operations	$	(5,961	)	$	(127,289	)
Supplemental information:
Interest paid – continuing operations	$	5		$	5
Interest paid – discontinued operations	$	—		$	55
Tax refunds, net of payments - continuing operations	$	(181	)	$	(144	)

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

3. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, are as follows (in thousands):

				Equity in			Accumulated
				Telesat Other			Other
	Postretirement			Comprehensive			Comprehensive
	Benefits			Income (Loss)			Loss
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	(14,074	)	$	238		$	(13,836	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification		(1,365	)		(18,280	)		(19,645	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		671			—			671
Net current-period other comprehensive loss		(694	)		(18,280	)		(18,974	)
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, reclassification of tax effect from accumulated other comprehensive loss to accumulated deficit		(1,686	)		(2,782	)		(4,468	)
Balance at December 31, 2017		(16,454	)		(20,824	)		(37,278	)

Other comprehensive income before reclassification		—			6,931			6,931
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		213			—			213
Net current-period other comprehensive income		213			6,931			7,144
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	(16,241	)	$	(13,893	)	$	(30,134	)

The components of other comprehensive income and related tax effects are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018								2017
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax		Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
	Amount			Provision			Amount		Amount			Provision			Amount
Amortization of prior service credits and net actuarial loss	$	269	^(a)	$	(56	)	$	213	$	239	^(a)	$	(85	)	$	154
Equity in Telesat other comprehensive income (loss)		8,777			(1,846	)		6,931		(4,929	)		1,737			(3,192	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	9,046		$	(1,902	)	$	7,144	$	(4,690	)	$	1,652		$	(3,038	)

(a)

Reclassifications are included in other expense.

4. Other Current Assets

Other current assets consists of (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Indemnification receivable from SSL for pre-closing taxes (see Note 13)	$	2,410	$	2,410
Due from affiliates		935		217
Prepaid expenses		668		198
Other		337		274
	$	4,350	$	3,099

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

5. Investments in Affiliates

Investments in affiliates consist of (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Telesat	$	39,306	$	53,430

Equity in net income of affiliates consists of (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Telesat	$	5,094	$	139,714

Telesat

As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we held a 62.7% economic interest and a 32.7% voting interest in Telesat. We use the equity method of accounting for our majority economic interest in Telesat because we own 32.7% of the voting stock and do not exercise control by other means to satisfy the U.S. GAAP requirement for treatment as a consolidated subsidiary. We have also concluded that Telesat is not a variable interest entity for which we are the primary beneficiary. Loral’s equity in net income or loss of Telesat is based on our proportionate share of Telesat’s results in accordance with U.S. GAAP and in U.S. dollars. Our proportionate share of Telesat’s net income or loss is based on our economic interest as our holdings consist of common stock and non-voting participating preferred shares that have all the rights of common stock with respect to dividends, return of capital and surplus distributions, but have no voting rights.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, our share of equity in net income of Telesat was $35.9 million, including a $1.6 million elimination of affiliate transactions and related amortization. In the first quarter of 2017, we received a $242.7 million cash distribution from Telesat which exceeded our initial investment and our share of cumulative equity in comprehensive income of Telesat by $103.8 million. Accordingly, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, we recognized equity in net income of affiliates of $139.7 million, including the Excess Cash Distribution of $103.8 million.

In addition to recording our share of equity in net income of Telesat, we also recorded our share of equity in other comprehensive income of Telesat of $8.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.

On January 1, 2018, Telesat adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, for its U.S. GAAP reporting which we use to record our equity income in Telesat. Telesat adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative effect adjustment to reduce Telesat’s retained earnings by $44.6 million. As a result, we recorded our share of the cumulative effect adjustment by reducing our investment in Telesat by $28.0 million, increasing our deferred tax assets by $5.9 million and increasing our accumulated deficit by $22.1 million. Comparative summary financial data of Telesat presented below has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods presented.

In February 2017, Telesat amended its senior secured credit facilities. The amendment to the senior secured credit facilities reduced the applicable margin on the term loan B – U.S. facility (“U.S. TLB Facility”) from 3.75% to 3.0%.

In March 2018, Telesat made a $50 million voluntary payment on the U.S. TLB Facility.

In April 2018, Telesat amended the senior secured credit facilities, resulting in a reduction of the margin on the U.S. TLB Facility to 2.5% from 3.0%.

The ability of Telesat to pay dividends or certain other restricted payments in cash to Loral is governed by applicable covenants in Telesat’s debt and shareholder agreements. Telesat’s credit agreement governing its senior secured credit facilities limits, among other items, Telesat’s ability to incur debt and make dividend payments if the total leverage ratio (“Total Leverage Ratio”) is above 4.50:1.00, with certain exceptions. As of March 31, 2018, Telesat’s Total Leverage Ratio was 4.59:1.00. Telesat is, however, permitted to pay annual consulting fees of $5.0 million to Loral in cash (see Note 14).

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

The contribution of Loral Skynet, a wholly owned subsidiary of Loral prior to its contribution to Telesat in 2007, was recorded by Loral at the historical book value of our retained interest combined with the gain recognized on the contribution. However, the contribution was recorded by Telesat at fair value. Accordingly, the amortization of Telesat fair value adjustments applicable to the Loral Skynet assets and liabilities is proportionately eliminated in determining our share of the net income or losses of Telesat. Our equity in net income or loss of Telesat also reflects amortization of profits eliminated, to the extent of our economic interest in Telesat, on satellites we constructed for Telesat while we owned SSL and on Loral’s sale to Telesat in April 2011 of its portion of the payload on the ViaSat-1 satellite and related assets.

The following table presents summary financial data for Telesat in accordance with U.S. GAAP, for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 and as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Statement of Operations Data:
Revenues	$	184,866		$	177,111
Operating expenses		(30,603	)		(41,988	)
Depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation		(48,499	)		(48,497	)
Gain (loss) on disposition of long lived asset		2			(18	)
Operating income		105,766			86,608
Interest expense		(45,088	)		(36,793	)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain		(63,301	)		17,851
Gain (loss) on financial instruments		32,383			(3,613	)
Other income		1,618			461
Income tax provision		(23,770	)		(9,838	)
Net income	$	7,608		$	54,676

	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Balance Sheet Data:
Current assets	$	477,039	$	445,104
Total assets		4,028,918		4,082,472
Current liabilities		155,390		126,100
Long-term debt, including current portion		2,778,023		2,829,911
Total liabilities		3,520,557		3,538,656
Shareholders’ equity		508,361		543,816

Other

We own 56% of XTAR, a joint venture between us and Hisdesat Servicios Estrategicos, S.A. (“Hisdesat”) of Spain. We account for our ownership interest in XTAR under the equity method of accounting because we do not control certain of its significant operating decisions. We have also concluded that XTAR is not a variable interest entity for which we are the primary beneficiary. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the carrying value of our investment in XTAR was zero. Beginning January 1, 2016, we discontinued providing for our allocated share of XTAR’s net losses as our investment was reduced to zero and we have no commitment to provide further financial support to XTAR.

XTAR owns and operates an X-band satellite, XTAR-EUR, located at 29° E.L., which is designed to provide X-band communications services exclusively to United States, Spanish and allied government users throughout the satellite’s coverage area, including Europe, the Middle East and Asia. XTAR also leases 7.2 72MHz X-band transponders on the Spainsat satellite located at 30° W.L., owned by Hisdesat. These transponders, designated as XTAR-LANT, provide capacity to XTAR for additional X-band services and greater coverage and flexibility.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company also held an indirect ownership interest in a foreign company that currently serves as the exclusive service provider for Globalstar service in Mexico. The Company accounts for this ownership interest using the equity method of accounting. Loral has written-off its investment in this company, and, because we have no future funding requirements relating to this investment, there is no requirement for us to provide for our allocated share of this company’s net losses.

6. Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consists of (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Due to affiliate		179		9
Accrued professional fees		1,434		1,117
Pension and other postretirement liabilities		69		69
Accrued liabilities		36		84
	$	1,718	$	1,279

7. Income Taxes

The following summarizes our income tax benefit (provision) (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Current income tax provision	$	(554	)	$	(53,893	)
Deferred income tax benefit (provision)		1,141			(12,171	)
Income tax benefit (provision)	$	587		$	(66,064	)

Our income tax benefit (provision) for each period is computed by applying an expected effective annual tax rate against the pre-tax results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (after adjusting for certain tax items that are discrete to each period). The current income tax provision for each period includes our anticipated income tax liability related to distributions received or deemed to be received from Telesat. The deferred income tax benefit (provision) for each period includes the impact of equity in net income of affiliates from our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax- Accounting Implication of the Tax Cuts and Job Act (SAB 118), we recognized the preliminary income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017. The preliminary effect previously recorded may change in the future due to revisions in the interpretation of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act or legislative action to clarify interpretation of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Company expects to finalize the effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act with the filing of its 2017 tax return and complete its accounting within the prescribed measurement period.

Subsequent to the SSL Sale, to the extent that profitability from operations is not sufficient to realize the benefit from our remaining net deferred tax assets, we would generate sufficient taxable income from the appreciated value of our Telesat investment in order to prevent federal net operating losses from expiring and realize the benefit of all remaining deferred tax assets.

The following summarizes amounts for UTPs included in our income tax benefit (provision) (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Current provision for UTPs	$	(480	)	$	(675	)
Deferred benefit for UTPs		101			244
Tax provision for UTPs	$	(379	)	$	(431	)

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

As of March 31, 2018, we had unrecognized tax benefits relating to UTPs of $70 million. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income taxes in income tax expense on a quarterly basis. As of March 31, 2018, we have accrued no penalties and approximately $7.7 million for the potential payment of tax-related interest.

With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2012. Earlier years related to certain foreign jurisdictions remain subject to examination. To the extent allowed by law, the tax authorities may have the right to examine prior periods where net operating losses were generated and carried forward, and make adjustments up to the amount of the net operating loss carryforward. While we intend to contest any future tax assessments for uncertain tax positions, no assurance can be provided that we would ultimately prevail. During the next twelve months, the statute of limitations for assessment of additional tax will expire with regard to certain UTPs related to our federal income tax return filed for 2012, potentially resulting in a $27.3 million reduction to our unrecognized tax benefits. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement for the SSL Sale, we are obligated to indemnify SSL for taxes related to periods prior to the closing of the transaction.

The following summarizes the changes to our liabilities for UTPs included in long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Liabilities for UTPs:
Opening balance — January 1	$	61,182	$	68,658
Current provision for potential additional interest		480		675
Ending balance	$	61,662	$	69,333

As of March 31, 2018, if our positions are sustained by the taxing authorities, the Company’s income tax provision from continuing operations would be reduced by approximately $45.7 million. Other than as described above, there were no significant changes to our UTPs during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, and we do not anticipate any other significant changes to our unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.

8. Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consists of (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Indemnification liabilities - other (see Note 13)		285		293
Deferred tax liability		3		—
Liabilities for uncertain tax positions		61,662		61,182
	$	61,950	$	61,475

9. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Plans

The Loral amended and restated 2005 stock incentive plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan”) which allowed for the grant of several forms of stock-based compensation awards including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock bonuses and other stock-based awards, had a ten-year term and has expired. The Company granted 75,262 restricted stock units under the Stock Incentive Plan that do not expire and remained unconverted as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

10. Earnings Per Share

Telesat has awarded employee stock options, which, if exercised, would result in dilution of Loral’s economic ownership interest in Telesat from 62.7% to approximately 62.3%.

The following table presents the dilutive impact of Telesat stock options on Loral’s reported income from continuing operations for the purpose of computing diluted earnings per share (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
Income from continuing operations — basic	$	4,294		$	71,364
Less: Adjustment for dilutive effect of Telesat stock options		(29	)		(185	)
Income from continuing operations — diluted	$	4,265		$	71,179

Basic income per share is computed based upon the weighted average number of share of voting and non-voting common stock outstanding. The following is the computation of common shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Weighted average common shares outstanding		30,933		30,933
Unconverted restricted stock units		75		75
Common shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share		31,008		31,008

11. Pensions and Other Employee Benefit Plans

The following tables provide the components of net periodic cost for our qualified retirement plan (the “Pension Benefits”) and health care and life insurance benefits for retired employees and dependents (the “Other Benefits”) for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	Pension Benefits Three Months Ended March 31,						Other Benefits Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017			2018		2017
Service cost ⁽¹⁾	$	187		$	173		$	—	$	—
Interest cost ⁽²⁾		464			486			4		5
Expected return on plan assets ⁽²⁾		(657	)		(532	)		—		—
Amortization of net actuarial loss ⁽²⁾		263			232			—		1
Amortization of prior service credits ⁽²⁾		—			—			6		6
Net periodic cost	$	257		$	359		$	10	$	12

⁽¹⁾

Included in general and administrative expenses.

⁽²⁾

Included in other expense.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

12.

Financial Instruments, Derivative Instruments and Hedging

Financial Instruments

The carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.

Foreign Currency

We are subject to the risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. To limit this foreign exchange rate exposure, we attempt to denominate all contracts in U.S. dollars. Where appropriate, derivatives are used to minimize the risk of foreign exchange rate fluctuations to operating results and cash flows. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Derivatives and Hedging Transactions

There were no derivative instruments as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

13. Commitments and Contingencies

Financial Matters

In the fourth quarter of 2012, we sold our former subsidiary, SSL, to MDA pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, we are obligated to indemnify MDA and its affiliates from liabilities with respect to certain pre-closing taxes. Our consolidated balance sheets include an indemnification refund receivable of $2.4 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. This receivable represents payments to date net of the estimated fair value of the liability for our indemnification for our obligation with respect to certain pre-closing taxes. The final amounts for indemnification claims related to pre-closing taxes have not yet been determined. Where appropriate, we intend vigorously to contest the underlying tax assessments, but there can be no assurance that we will be successful. Although no assurance can be provided, we do not believe that these tax-related matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

In connection with the sale in 2008 by Loral and certain of its subsidiaries and DASA Globalstar LLC to Globalstar Inc. of their respective interests in GdB, the Globalstar Brazilian service provider, Loral agreed to indemnify Globalstar Inc. and GdB for certain GdB pre-closing liabilities, primarily related to Brazilian taxes. Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include liabilities of $0.3 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 for indemnification liabilities relating to the sale of GdB.

See Note 14 — Related Party Transactions — Transactions with Affiliates — Telesat for commitments and contingencies relating to our agreement to indemnify Telesat for certain liabilities and our other arrangements with Telesat.

Legal Proceedings

We are not currently subject to any legal proceedings that, if decided adversely, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations. In the future, however, we may become subject to legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, that may arise in the ordinary course of business or otherwise.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

14. Related Party Transactions

MHR Fund Management LLC

Mark H. Rachesky, President of MHR Fund Management LLC (“MHR”), and Janet T. Yeung, a principal and the General Counsel of MHR, are members of Loral’s board of directors.

Various funds affiliated with MHR and Dr. Rachesky held, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, approximately 39.9% of the outstanding voting common stock and 58.4% of the combined outstanding voting and non-voting common stock of Loral.

Transactions with Affiliates

Telesat

As described in Note 5, we own 62.7% of Telesat and account for our ownership interest under the equity method of accounting.

In connection with the acquisition of our ownership interest in Telesat (which we refer to as the Telesat transaction), Loral and certain of its subsidiaries, our Canadian co-owner, Public Sector Pension Investment Board (“PSP”) and one of its subsidiaries, Telesat and MHR entered into a Shareholders Agreement (the “Shareholders Agreement”). The Shareholders Agreement provides for, among other things, the manner in which the affairs of Telesat and its subsidiaries will be conducted and the relationships among the parties thereto and future shareholders of Telesat. The Shareholders Agreement also contains an agreement by Loral not to engage in a competing satellite communications business and agreements by the parties to the Shareholders Agreement not to solicit employees of Telesat or any of its subsidiaries. Additionally, the Shareholders Agreement details the matters requiring the approval of the shareholders of Telesat (including veto rights for Loral over certain extraordinary actions) and provides for preemptive rights for certain shareholders upon the issuance of certain capital shares of Telesat. The Shareholders Agreement also (i) restricts the ability of holders of certain shares of Telesat to transfer such shares unless certain conditions are met or approval of the transfer is granted by the directors of Telesat, (ii) provides for a right of first offer to certain Telesat shareholders if a holder of equity shares of Telesat wishes to sell any such shares to a third party and (iii) provides for, in certain circumstances, tag-along rights in favor of shareholders that are not affiliated with Loral if Loral sells equity shares and drag-along rights in favor of Loral in case Loral or its affiliate enters into an agreement to sell all of its Telesat equity securities.

In addition, the Shareholders Agreement provides for either PSP or Loral to initiate the process of conducting an initial public offering of the equity shares of Telesat (a “Telesat IPO”). In connection with our exploration of strategic initiatives to alter the status quo in our ownership of Telesat, in July 2015, we exercised our right under the Shareholders Agreement to require Telesat to conduct a Telesat IPO. Specifically, we requested that Telesat issue not more than 25 million newly issued shares of Telesat voting common stock. We also requested the termination of the Shareholders Agreement and the elimination of certain provisions in Telesat’s Articles of Incorporation, both of which we believe are important for a successful public offering. If those provisions are eliminated, an impediment to the conversion of our non-voting Telesat shares to voting shares would be eliminated. Termination or modification of the Shareholders Agreement and conversion of our non-voting shares to voting shares would enable us, after a Telesat IPO and subject to the receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, to obtain majority voting control of Telesat. To date, we and PSP have not reached agreement on governance matters following a Telesat IPO. There can be no assurance as to whether, when or on what terms a Telesat IPO, termination or modification of the Shareholders Agreement or any requested changes to Telesat’s Articles of Incorporation may occur or that any particular economic, tax, structural or other objectives or benefits with respect to a Telesat IPO will be achieved. If a Telesat IPO is expected to proceed under unfavorable terms or at an unfavorable price, we may withdraw our demand for a Telesat IPO.

Depending upon the outcome of discussions with PSP relating to Telesat strategic matters, we may assert certain claims against PSP for actions we believe violated our rights relating to the affairs of Telesat under the Telesat Shareholders Agreement and otherwise. In response to our claims, PSP has informed us that it believes that it may have claims against us, although we are not aware of the legal or factual basis for any such claims. We and PSP have agreed that, pending the outcome of our discussions, it would be beneficial to delay the commencement of any action relating to either party’s claims and have entered into an agreement (the “Tolling Agreement”) which preserves the parties’ rights to assert against one another legal claims relating to Telesat. We also included Telesat as a party to the Tolling Agreement because, as a technical matter of Canadian law and for purposes of potentially seeking equitable relief, Telesat may be a necessary party. There can be no assurance that if the Tolling Agreement lapses that we and PSP will not pursue legal claims against one another relating to Telesat. If we pursue claims against PSP, there can be no assurance that our claims will be successful or that the relief we seek will be granted. If PSP pursues claims against us, there can be no assurance that PSP will not prevail on its claims.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

Under the Shareholders Agreement, in the event that, except in certain limited circumstances, either (i) ownership or control, directly or indirectly, by Dr. Rachesky of Loral’s voting stock falls below certain levels other than in connection with certain specified circumstances, including an acquisition by a Strategic Competitor (as defined in the Shareholders Agreement) or (ii) there is a change in the composition of a majority of the members of the Loral Board of Directors over a consecutive two-year period without the approval of the incumbent directors, Loral will lose its veto rights relating to certain extraordinary actions by Telesat and its subsidiaries. In addition, after either of these events, PSP will have certain rights to enable it to exit from its investment in Telesat, including a right to cause Telesat to conduct an initial public offering in which PSP’s shares would be the first shares offered or, if no such offering has occurred within one year due to a lack of cooperation from Loral or Telesat, to cause the sale of Telesat and to drag along the other shareholders in such sale, subject to Loral’s right to call PSP’s shares at fair market value.

The Shareholders Agreement provides for a board of directors of Telesat consisting of 10 directors, three nominated by Loral, three nominated by PSP and four independent directors to be selected by a nominating committee comprised of one PSP nominee, one nominee of Loral and one of the independent directors then in office. Each party to the Shareholders Agreement is obligated to vote all of its Telesat shares for the election of the directors nominated by the nominating committee. Pursuant to action by the board of directors taken on October 31, 2007, Dr. Rachesky, who is non-executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of Loral, was appointed non-executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of Telesat. In addition, Michael B. Targoff, Loral’s Vice Chairman, serves on the board of directors of Telesat.

On October 31, 2007, Loral and Telesat entered into a consulting services agreement (the “Consulting Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Consulting Agreement, Loral provides to Telesat certain non-exclusive consulting services in relation to the business of Loral Skynet which was transferred to Telesat as part of the Telesat transaction as well as with respect to certain aspects of the satellite communications business of Telesat. The Consulting Agreement has a term of seven-years with an automatic renewal for an additional seven-year term if Loral is not then in material default under the Shareholders Agreement. Upon expiration of the initial term on October 31, 2014, the Consulting Agreement was automatically renewed for the additional seven-year term. In exchange for Loral’s services under the Consulting Agreement, Telesat pays Loral an annual fee of $5.0 million, payable quarterly in arrears on the last day of March, June, September and December of each year during the term of the Consulting Agreement. Our general and administrative expenses are net of income related to the Consulting Agreement of $1.25 million for each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. For each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, Loral received payments in cash from Telesat, net of withholding taxes, of $1.2 million for consulting fees.

In connection with the acquisition of our ownership interest in Telesat in 2007, Loral retained the benefit of tax recoveries related to the transferred assets and indemnified Telesat (“Telesat Indemnification”) for certain liabilities, including Loral Skynet’s tax liabilities arising prior to January 1, 2007. The Telesat Indemnification includes certain tax disputes currently under review in various jurisdictions including Brazil. The Brazilian tax authorities challenged Loral Skynet’s historical characterization of its revenue generated in Brazil for the years 2003 to 2006. Telesat received and challenged, on Loral Skynet’s behalf, tax assessments from Brazil totaling approximately $1.0 million. The Company believes that Loral Skynet’s filing position will ultimately be sustained requiring no payment under the Telesat Indemnification. There can be no assurance that there will be no future claims under the Telesat Indemnification related to tax disputes.

Loral’s employees and retirees participate in certain welfare plans sponsored or managed by Telesat. Loral pays Telesat an annual administrative fee of $0.1 million and reimburses Telesat for the plan costs attributable to Loral participants.

Loral, along with Telesat, PSP and 4440480 Canada Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Loral (the “Special Purchaser”), entered into grant agreements (the “Grant Agreements”) with certain executives of Telesat (each, a “Participant” and collectively, the “Participants”). Each of the Participants is or was, at the time, an executive of Telesat.

LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)

The Grant Agreements confirm grants of Telesat stock options (including tandem SAR rights) to the Participants and provide for certain rights, obligations and restrictions related to such stock options, which include, among other things: (w) the possible obligation of the Special Purchaser to purchase the shares in the place of Telesat should Telesat be prohibited by applicable law or under the terms of any credit agreement applicable to Telesat from purchasing such shares, or otherwise default on such purchase obligation, pursuant to the terms of the Grant Agreements; and (x) the obligation of the Special Purchaser to purchase shares upon exercise by Telesat of its call right under Telesat's Management Stock Incentive Plan in the event of a Participant’s termination of employment; and, in the case of certain executives, (y) the right of each such Participant to require the Special Purchaser or Loral to purchase a portion of the shares in Telesat owned by him in the event of exercise after termination of employment to cover taxes that are greater than the minimum withholding amount; and (z) the right of each such Participant to require Telesat to cause the Special Purchaser or Loral to purchase a portion of the shares in Telesat owned by him, or that are issuable to him under Telesat's Management Stock Incentive Plan at the relevant time, in the event that more than 90% of Loral's common stock is acquired by an unaffiliated third party that does not also purchase all of PSP's and its affiliates' interest in Telesat.

The Grant Agreements further provide that, in the event the Special Purchaser is required to purchase shares, such shares, together with the obligation to pay for such shares, shall be transferred to a subsidiary of the Special Purchaser, which subsidiary shall be wound up into Telesat, with Telesat agreeing to the acquisition of such subsidiary by Telesat from the Special Purchaser for nominal consideration and with the purchase price for the shares being paid by Telesat within ten (10) business days after completion of the winding-up of such subsidiary into Telesat.

In the first quarter of 2017, Loral received a $242.7 million cash distribution from Telesat (see Note 5).

Other

As described in Note 5, we own 56% of XTAR, a joint venture between Loral and Hisdesat and account for our investment in XTAR under the equity method of accounting. SSL constructed XTAR’s satellite, which was successfully launched in February 2005. XTAR and Loral have entered into a management agreement whereby Loral provides general and specific services of a technical, financial and administrative nature to XTAR. For the services provided by Loral, XTAR, until December 31, 2013, was charged a quarterly management fee equal to 3.7% of XTAR’s quarterly gross revenues. Amounts due to Loral primarily due to the management agreement as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were $7.5 million and $6.8 million, respectively. Beginning in 2008, Loral and XTAR agreed to defer amounts owed to Loral under this agreement, and XTAR has agreed that its excess cash balance (as defined), will be applied at least quarterly towards repayment of receivables owed to Loral, as well as to Hisdesat and Telesat. No cash was received under this agreement for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, and we had an allowance of $6.6 million against receivables from XTAR as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Loral and Hisdesat have agreed to waive future management fees for an indefinite period starting January 1, 2014.

Consulting Agreement

On December 14, 2012, Loral entered into a consulting agreement with Michael B. Targoff, Vice Chairman of the Company and former Chief Executive Officer and President. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Targoff is engaged as a part-time consultant to the Board to assist the Board with respect to the oversight of strategic matters relating to Telesat and XTAR. Under the agreement, Mr. Targoff receives consulting fees of $120,000 per month and reimburses the Company for certain expenses. For each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, Mr. Targoff earned $360,000 in consulting fees and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, Mr. Targoff reimbursed Loral net expenses of $11,250 and $15,750, respectively.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (the “financial statements”) included in Item 1 and our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

INDEX

Topic		Location
Overview		Page 23
Consolidated Operating Results		Page 25
Liquidity and Capital Resources:
Loral		Page 28
Telesat		Page 29
Contractual Obligations		Page 31
Statements of Cash Flows		Page 32
Affiliate Matters		Page 32
Commitments and Contingencies		Page 32
Other Matters		Page 32

Loral Space & Communications Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries (“Loral,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us”) is a leading satellite communications company engaged, through our ownership interests in affiliates, in satellite-based communications services.

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Except for the historical information contained in the following discussion and analysis, the matters discussed below are not historical facts, but are “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, we or our representatives have made and may continue to make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing, in other contexts. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “project,” “intend” or “outlook” or other variations of these words. These statements, including without limitation, those relating to Telesat, are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict or quantify. Actual events or results may differ materially as a result of a wide variety of factors and conditions, many of which are beyond our control. For a detailed discussion of these and other factors and conditions, please refer to the Commitments and Contingencies section below and to our other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We operate in an industry sector in which the value of securities may be volatile and may be influenced by economic and other factors beyond our control. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

Overview

Business

Loral has one operating segment consisting of satellite-based communications services. Loral participates in satellite services operations primarily through its ownership interest in Telesat Canada (“Telesat”), a leading global satellite operator. Telesat provides its satellite and communication services from a fleet of satellites that occupy Canadian and other orbital locations. Loral holds a 62.7% economic interest and a 32.7% voting interest in Telesat as of March 31, 2018.

At March 31, 2018, Telesat, with approximately $3.1 billion of backlog, provided satellite services to customers from its fleet of 15 in-orbit geostationary satellites. In addition, Telesat owns the Canadian Ka-band payload on the ViaSat-1 satellite and has two other geostationary satellites under construction. In January 2018, an additional satellite was launched into low earth orbit as part of Telesat’s plan to deploy an advanced, global constellation of low earth orbit (“LEO”) satellites that will deliver low latency fiber-like broadband to commercial and government users worldwide. Telesat also manages the operations of additional satellites for third parties.

The satellite services business is capital intensive and the build-out of a satellite fleet requires substantial time and investment. Once the investment in a satellite is made, the incremental costs to maintain and operate the satellite are relatively low over the life of the satellite, with the exception of in-orbit insurance. Telesat has been able to generate a large contracted revenue backlog by entering into long-term contracts with some of its customers for all or substantially all of a satellite’s life. Historically, this has resulted in revenue from the satellite services business being fairly predictable.

Telesat’s desirable spectrum rights, commitment to providing the highest level of customer service, deep technical expertise and culture of innovation have enabled it to successfully develop its business to date. Leveraging these strengths and building on its existing contractual revenue backlog, Telesat’s focus is on profitably growing its business by increasing the utilization of its in-orbit satellites and, in a disciplined manner, deploying expansion satellite capacity where strong market demand is anticipated. Telesat currently has two geostationary satellites, Telstar 18 VANTAGE and Telstar 19 VANTAGE, under construction.

Telesat believes that it is well positioned to serve its customers and the markets in which it participates. Telesat actively pursues opportunities to develop new satellites, particularly in conjunction with current or prospective customers who will commit to long-term service agreements prior to the time the satellite construction contract is signed. However, while Telesat regularly pursues these opportunities, it does not procure additional or replacement satellites until it believes there is a demonstrated need and a sound business plan for such satellite capacity.

In 2018, Telesat remains focused on increasing utilization of its existing satellites, the construction and launch of its new satellites, the development of its global LEO constellation and identifying and pursuing opportunities to invest in expansion satellite capacity, all while maintaining operating discipline.

Telesat’s operating results are subject to fluctuations as a result of exchange rate variations. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, approximately 52% of Telesat’s revenues, 46% of its operating expenses, 100% of its interest expense and the majority of its capital expenditures were denominated in U.S. dollars. The most significant impact of variations in the exchange rate is on the U.S. dollar denominated indebtedness and cash and short term investments. As of March 31, 2018, Telesat’s U.S. dollar denominated debt totaled $2.84 billion. As of March 31, 2018, a five percent increase (decrease) in the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar would have increased (decreased) Telesat’s net income by approximately $124.7 million. This analysis assumes all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant.

General

Our principal asset is our majority ownership interest in Telesat. In an effort to maximize shareholder value, we have been exploring, and are in discussions with PSP regarding, potential strategic transactions to alter the status quo in our ownership of Telesat. Subject to market conditions and the cooperation of PSP, we continue to explore the combination of Loral and Telesat into one public company and/or the sale of Loral in connection with a sale of Telesat. Also, as described more fully below, we have exercised our right to require that Telesat initiate a public offering, and we may further pursue this right in the event a combination transaction or a sale of Telesat is not likely to be achievable in a timely manner or on satisfactory terms. There can be no assurance as to whether or when we will be able to conclude any strategic transaction or that any strategic initiatives or transaction involving Telesat or Loral may occur, or that any particular economic, tax, structural or other objectives or benefits with respect to any initiative or transaction involving Telesat or Loral’s interest therein will be achieved.

In the first quarter of 2017, we received $242.7 million in cash from Telesat, representing our share of an aggregate approximately $400 million distribution from Telesat to its shareholders and stock option holders. We intend to use the proceeds of such distribution, net of reasonable reserves for working capital and other liabilities, to make a distribution to our stockholders. There can be no assurance as to the amount and timing of any such distribution, and such distribution may be impacted by the outcome of our discussions regarding, and the structure of, the strategic combination transaction that we are pursuing.

As mentioned above, we have the right under the Telesat Shareholders Agreement to require Telesat to conduct an initial public offering of its equity shares, and, in July 2015, we exercised this right. Specifically, we requested that Telesat issue not more than 25 million newly issued shares of Telesat voting common stock. We also requested the termination of the Shareholders Agreement and the elimination of certain provisions in Telesat’s Articles of Incorporation, both of which we believe are important for a successful public offering. If those provisions are eliminated, an impediment to the conversion of our non-voting Telesat shares to voting shares would be eliminated. Termination or modification of the Shareholders Agreement and conversion of our non-voting shares to voting shares would enable us, after a Telesat IPO and subject to the receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, to obtain majority voting control of Telesat. To date, we and PSP have not reached agreement on governance matters following a Telesat IPO. In the event a combination transaction that we are pursuing or a sale of Telesat as described above is not likely to be achievable in a timely manner or on satisfactory terms, we may further pursue our right to a Telesat IPO. There can be no assurance as to whether, when or on what terms a Telesat IPO, termination or modification of the Shareholders Agreement or any requested changes to Telesat’s Articles of Incorporation may occur or that any particular economic, tax, structural or other objectives or benefits with respect to a Telesat IPO will be achieved. If a Telesat IPO is expected to proceed under unfavorable terms or at an unfavorable price, we may withdraw our demand for a Telesat IPO.

Depending upon the outcome of the strategic initiatives discussed above, we may assert certain claims against PSP for actions we believe violated our rights relating to the affairs of Telesat under the Telesat Shareholders Agreement and otherwise. In response to our claims, PSP has informed us that it believes that it may have claims against us, although we are not aware of the legal or factual basis for any such claims. We and PSP have agreed that, pending the outcome of our discussions relating to Telesat, it would be beneficial to delay the commencement of any action relating to either party’s claims and have entered into an agreement (the “Tolling Agreement”) which preserves the parties’ rights to assert against one another legal claims relating to Telesat. We also included Telesat as a party to the Tolling Agreement because, as a technical matter of Canadian law and for purposes of potentially seeking equitable relief, Telesat may be a necessary party. There can be no assurance that if the Tolling Agreement lapses that we and PSP will not pursue legal claims against one another relating to Telesat. If we pursue claims against PSP, there can be no assurance that our claims will be successful or that the relief we seek will be granted. If PSP pursues claims against us, there can be no assurance that PSP will not prevail on its claims.

Loral may, from time to time, explore and evaluate other possible strategic transactions and alliances which may include joint ventures and strategic relationships as well as business combinations or the acquisition or disposition of assets. In order to pursue certain of these opportunities, additional funds are likely to be required. There can be no assurance that we will enter into additional strategic transactions or alliances, nor do we know if we will be able to obtain the necessary financing for transactions that require additional funds on favorable terms, if at all.

In connection with the acquisition of our ownership interest in Telesat in 2007, Loral has agreed that, subject to certain exceptions described in the Shareholders Agreement, for so long as Loral has an interest in Telesat, it will not compete in the business of leasing, selling or otherwise furnishing fixed satellite service, broadcast satellite service or audio and video broadcast direct to home service using transponder capacity in the C-band, Ku-band and Ka-band (including in each case extended band) frequencies and the business of providing end-to-end data solutions on networks comprised of earth terminals, space segment, and, where appropriate, networking hubs.

Consolidated Operating Results

See Critical Accounting Matters in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and Note 2 to the financial statements.

Changes in Critical Accounting Policies — There have been no changes in our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Compared With Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

The following compares our consolidated results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 as presented in our financial statements:

General and Administrative Expenses

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
	(In thousands)
General and administrative expenses	$	1,636	$	1,865

General and administrative expenses decreased by $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 primarily from higher professional fees during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Interest and Investment Income

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Interest and investment income	$	888	$	399

Interest and investment income increased by $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 primarily due to interest income earned on the cash distribution of $242.7 million for the full quarter in 2018 compared with a partial quarter in 2017 and higher interest rates earned on investments during the first quarter of 2018.

Other Expense

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Other expense	$	634	$	815

Other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was primarily related to strategic initiatives.

Income Tax Benefit (Provision)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Income tax benefit (provision)	$	587	$	(66,064	)

For the three months ended March 31, our income tax benefit (provision) is summarized as follows: (i) for 2018, we recorded a current tax provision of $0.5 million and a deferred tax benefit of $1.1 million, resulting in a total tax benefit of $0.6 million on a pre-tax loss from continuing operations of $1.4 million and (ii) for 2017, we recorded a current tax provision of $53.9 million and a deferred tax provision of $12.2 million, resulting in a total tax provision of $66.1 million on a pre-tax loss from continuing operations of $2.3 million.

Subsequent to the sale of Space Systems/Loral, LLC (formerly known as Space Systems/Loral, Inc.) (“SSL”) to MDA Communications Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. (“MDA”) in 2012 (the “SSL Sale”), to the extent that profitability from operations is not sufficient to realize the benefit from our remaining net deferred tax assets, we would generate sufficient taxable income from the appreciated value of our Telesat investment in order to prevent federal net operating losses from expiring and realize the benefit of all remaining deferred tax assets.

Equity in Net Income of Affiliates

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
	(In thousands)
Telesat	$	5,094	$	139,714

The following is a reconciliation of the changes in our investment in Telesat for the three months ended March 31, 2018:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2018
	(In thousands)
Opening balance, January 1, 2018			$	53,430
Components of equity in net income of Telesat:
Equity in net income of Telesat	$	4,770
Eliminations of affiliate transactions and related amortization		324		5,094
Components of equity in other comprehensive income of Telesat:
Equity in other comprehensive income of Telesat				8,777
Cumulative effect adjustment of accounting change ⁽¹⁾				(27,995	)
Ending balance, March 31, 2018			$	39,306

⁽¹⁾

On January 1, 2018, Telesat adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, for its U.S. GAAP reporting which we use to record our equity income in Telesat. Telesat adopted the new guidance using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative effect adjustment to reduce Telesat’s retained earnings by $44.6 million. As a result, we recorded our share of the cumulative effect adjustment of $28.0 million by reducing our investment in Telesat. Comparative summary financial information of Telesat presented below has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods presented.

Summary financial information for Telesat in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and in Canadian dollars and U.S. dollars for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 and as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(In Canadian dollars)						(In U.S. dollars)
Statement of Operations Data:
Revenues		232,354			234,760			184,866			177,111
Operating expenses		(38,464	)		(55,655	)		(30,603	)		(41,988	)
Depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation		(60,956	)		(64,283	)		(48,499	)		(48,497	)
Gain (loss) on disposition of long lived assets		3			(24	)		2			(18	)
Operating income		132,937			114,798			105,766			86,608
Interest expense		(56,670	)		(48,769	)		(45,088	)		(36,793	)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain		(79,561	)		23,661			(63,301	)		17,851
Gain (loss) on financial instruments		40,702			(4,789	)		32,383			(3,613	)
Other income		2,033			611			1,618			461
Income tax provision		(29,876	)		(13,041	)		(23,770	)		(9,838	)
Net income		9,565			72,471			7,608			54,676
Average exchange rate for translating Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars (1 U.S. dollar equals)		1.2572			1.3257

	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017		2018		2017

	(In Canadian dollars)				(In U.S. dollars)
Balance Sheet Data:
Current assets		614,617		559,540		477,039		445,104
Total assets		5,190,857		5,132,075		4,028,918		4,082,472
Current liabilities		200,205		158,520		155,390		126,100
Long-term debt, including current portion		3,579,204		3,557,481		2,778,023		2,829,911
Total liabilities		4,535,885		4,448,443		3,520,557		3,538,656
Shareholders’ equity		654,972		683,632		508,361		543,816
Period end exchange rate for translating Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars (1 U.S. dollar equals)		1.2884		1.2571

Telesat’s revenue increased by $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 due primarily to the impact of the change in the U.S. dollar/Canadian dollar exchange rate on Canadian dollar denominated revenue and the impact of the adoption in the first quarter of 2018 of Accounting Standards Codification 606 (“ASC 606”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers. These increases were partially offset by lower revenues in the first quarter of 2018 due to a service reduction for a North American broadcast customer and lower consulting activity. Telesat’s revenue excluding foreign exchange impact would have increased by $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Telesat’s operating expenses decreased by $11.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017 primarily due to a special payment made to stock option holders in the prior year in connection with a cash distribution made to Telesat shareholders and the impact on cost of sales in the first quarter of 2018 of the adoption of ASC 606. These decreases were partially offset by the impact of the change in the U.S. dollar/Canadian exchange rate on Canadian dollar denominated expenses. Telesat’s operating expenses excluding foreign exchange impact would have decreased by $12.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Loss from Discontinued Operations, net of tax

Interest expense related to an indemnity liability that is directly related to the SSL Sale is classified as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Backlog

Telesat’s backlog as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Loral

As described above, Loral’s principal asset is a 62.7% economic interest in Telesat. The operations of Telesat are not consolidated but are presented using the equity method of accounting. Loral has no debt. Telesat has third party debt with financial institutions. Cash is maintained at Loral and Telesat to support the operating needs of each respective entity. The ability of Telesat to pay dividends or certain other restricted payments as well as consulting fees in cash to Loral is governed by applicable covenants relating to its debt and its shareholder agreement.

Cash and Available Credit

At March 31, 2018, Loral had $251.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and no debt. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2018 decreased by $3.4 million from December 31, 2017 due primarily to corporate expenses of $4.0 million, adjusted for changes in working capital and net of consulting fees from Telesat, and postretirement benefits funding of $0.4 million, partially offset by $0.8 million of interest and investment income, net. A discussion of cash changes by activity is set forth in the sections, “Net Cash Used in Operating Activities” and “Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities.”

Loral did not have a credit facility as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Cash Management

We have a cash management investment program that seeks a competitive return while maintaining a conservative risk profile. Our cash management investment policy establishes what we believe to be conservative guidelines relating to the investment of surplus cash. The policy allows us to invest in commercial paper, money market funds and other similar short-term investments but does not permit us to engage in speculative or leveraged transactions, nor does it permit us to hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. The cash management investment policy was designed to preserve capital and safeguard principal, to meet all of our liquidity requirements and to provide a competitive rate of return for similar risk categories of investment. The policy addresses dealer qualifications, lists approved securities, establishes minimum acceptable credit ratings, sets concentration limits, defines a maturity structure, requires all firms to safe keep securities on our behalf, requires certain mandatory reporting activity and discusses review of the portfolio. We operate the cash management investment program under the guidelines of our investment policy and continuously monitor the investments to avoid risks.

We currently invest our cash in several liquid Prime and Government AAA money market funds. The dispersion across funds reduces the exposure of a default at one fund.

Liquidity

We believe that our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund projected expenditures for the next 12 months. We expect that our major cash outlays for the next 12 months will include payments under employee benefit programs and general corporate expenses net of consulting fees from Telesat.

Risks to Cash Flow

In the fourth quarter of 2012, we sold our former subsidiary, SSL, to MDA. We are obligated to indemnify MDA from liabilities with respect to certain pre-closing taxes the total amount of which has not yet been determined. Where appropriate, we intend vigorously to contest the underlying tax assessments, but there can be no assurance that we will be successful. Although no assurance can be provided, we do not believe that these tax-related matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Telesat

Cash and Available Credit

As of March 31, 2018, Telesat had CAD 517 million of cash and short-term investments as well as approximately $200 million of borrowing availability under its revolving credit facility.

Liquidity

A large portion of Telesat’s annual cash receipts are reasonably predictable because they are primarily derived from an existing backlog of long-term customer contracts and high contract renewal rates. Telesat believes its cash and short-term investments as of March 31, 2018, cash flows from operating activities, and drawings on the revolving credit facility under its senior secured credit facilities will be adequate to meet Telesat’s expected cash requirements for at least the next 12 months for activities in the normal course of business, including capital requirements and required interest and principal payments on debt.

The construction of any satellite replacement or expansion program will require significant capital expenditures. Telesat may choose to invest in new satellites to further grow its business. Cash required for current and future satellite construction programs may be funded from some or all of the following: cash and short-term investments, cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from customer prepayments or through borrowings on the revolving credit facility under Telesat’s senior secured credit facilities. In addition, Telesat may sell certain satellite assets and, in accordance with the terms and conditions of Telesat’s senior secured credit facilities, reinvest the proceeds in replacement satellites or pay down indebtedness under Telesat’s senior secured credit facilities. Subject to market conditions and subject to compliance with the terms and conditions of its senior secured credit facilities and the financial leverage covenant tests therein, Telesat may also have the ability to obtain additional secured or unsecured financing to fund current or future satellite construction. Telesat’s ability to access these sources of funding, however, is not guaranteed, and therefore, Telesat may not be able to fully fund additional replacement or new satellite construction programs.

Debt

Telesat’s debt as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows:

			March 31,			December 31,
	Maturity	Currency	2018			2017
			(In thousands)
Senior Secured Credit Facilities:
Revolving credit facility	November 2021	USD or CAD equivalent	$	—		$	—
Term Loan B - U.S. facility	November 2023	USD		2,343,626			2,399,686
8.875% Senior notes	November 2024	USD		500,000			500,000
				2,843,626			2,899,686
Less: Deferred financing costs, interest rate floors and prepayment options				(100,857	)		(80,994	)
Total debt under international financial reporting standards				2,742,769			2,818,692
U.S. GAAP adjustments				35,254			11,219
Total debt under U.S. GAAP				2,778,023			2,829,911
Current portion				13,254			13,551
Long-term portion			$	2,764,769		$	2,816,360

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

The obligations under Telesat’s new credit agreement and the guarantees of those obligations are secured, subject to certain exceptions, by a first priority security interest in the assets of Telesat and certain of its subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”). The credit agreement contains covenants that restrict the ability of Telesat and the Guarantors to take specified actions, including, among other things and subject to certain significant exceptions: creating liens, incurring indebtedness, making investments, engaging in mergers, selling property, paying dividends, entering into sale-leaseback transactions, creating subsidiaries, repaying subordinated debt or amending organizational documents. The credit agreement also requires Telesat and the Guarantors to comply with a maximum first lien leverage ratio and contains customary events of default and affirmative covenants, including an excess cash sweep, that may require Telesat to repay a portion of the outstanding principal under its senior secured credit facilities prior to the stated maturity.

Telesat’s senior secured credit facilities are comprised of the following facilities:

— Revolving Credit Facility

Telesat’s revolving credit facility (“Revolving Facility”) is a $200 million loan facility available in either U.S. dollar or Canadian dollar equivalent, maturing on November 17, 2021. Loans under the Revolving Facility bear interest at a floating interest rate. For Canadian Prime Rate and Alternative Base Rate (“ABR”) loans, an applicable margin ranging from 1.5% to 2.00% is applied to the Prime Rate and ABR as these interest rates are defined in the senior credit facilities. For Bankers Acceptance (“BA”) Loans and Eurodollar Loans, an applicable margin ranging from 2.50% to 3.00% is applied to either the BA interest rate or LIBOR. The rates on the Revolving Facility vary depending upon the results of the first lien leverage ratio. Telesat’s Revolving Facility currently has an unused commitment fee of 40 basis points. As at March 31, 2018, other than approximately CAD 0.2 million in drawings related to letters of credit, there were no borrowings under this facility.

— Term Loan B — U.S. Facility

Telesat’s term loan B — U.S. facility (“U.S. TLB Facility”) is a $2.430 billion loan maturing on November 17, 2023. As of March 31, 2018, $2.3 billion of this facility was outstanding, which represents the full amount available following mandatory repayments. The initial terms had the outstanding borrowings under the U.S. TLB Facility bear interest at a floating rate of either: (i) LIBOR as periodically determined for interest rate periods selected by Telesat in accordance with the terms of the senior secured credit facilities, but not less than 0.75%, plus an initial applicable margin of 3.00%; or (ii) Alternative Base Rate as determined in accordance with the terms of the senior secured credit facilities plus an applicable margin of 2.00%. On February 1, 2017, Telesat amended the Senior Secured Credit Facilities to reduce the applicable margin to 3.00% from 3.75% on the then outstanding $2.424 billion. On March 29, 2018, a voluntary payment of $50 million was made on the U.S. TLB Facility. As at March 29, 2018, the mandatory principal repayments on the U.S. TLB Facility are one quarter of 1.00% of the value of the loan at the time of the amendment, which must be paid on the last day of each quarter.

On April 26, 2018, Telesat amended the senior secured credit facilities resulting in a reduction of the margin on the U.S. TLB Facility to 2.5% from 3.0%.

Senior Notes

Telesat’s senior notes of $500 million bear interest at an annual rate of 8.875% and are due November 17, 2024. They include covenants or terms that restrict Telesat’s ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, incur liens, pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments, investments or acquisitions, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, modify or cancel Telesat’s satellite insurance, effect mergers with another entity, and redeem Telesat’s senior notes, without penalty, before November 15, 2022, in each case subject to exceptions provided in the senior notes indenture.

As of March 31, Telesat was in compliance with the financial covenants of its senior secured credit facilities and the indenture governing the senior notes.

Debt Service Cost

Telesat’s interest expense for the year ending December 31, 2018 is expected to be approximately CAD 209 million.

Derivatives

Telesat uses, from time to time, interest rate and currency derivatives to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates.

As of March 31, 2018, Telesat had four outstanding interest rate swaps which hedge the interest rate risk on $1.8 billion of U.S. denominated Term Loan B borrowings. As of March 31, 2018, the fair value of the interest rate swaps was an asset of $38.0 million. These contracts, which mature between September 2019 and September 2022, are at fixed interest rates ranging from 1.72% to 2.04%, excluding applicable margin.

Telesat also has foreign currency embedded derivatives in its purchase contracts with suppliers and sales contracts with customers as a result of some of these contracts being denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the substantial parties to the respective contract. The fair value of these foreign currency embedded derivatives as of March 31, 2018 was CAD 18.5 million.

Capital Expenditures

Telesat has entered into contracts for the construction and launch of satellites and other capital expenditures. The outstanding commitments associated with these contracts were approximately CAD 39 million as of March 31, 2018. These expenditures may be funded from some or all of the following: cash and short-term investments, cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from customer prepayments or funds available under the Revolving Facility.

Contractual Obligations

There have not been any significant changes to Loral’s contractual obligations as previously disclosed in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Statements of Cash Flows

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities by continuing operations was $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, consisting primarily of a $1.7 million cash use attributable to income from continuing operations adjusted for non-cash operating items, a $1.3 million increase in other current assets and other assets and, a $0.9 million decrease in accrued employment costs and other current liabilities, partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in other liabilities.

Net cash used in operations was $6.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Net cash used in operating activities by continuing operations was $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, consisting primarily of a $55.9 million cash use attributable to income from continuing operations adjusted for non-cash operating items, partially offset by a $53.4 million increase in income taxes payable primarily related to the cash distribution received from Telesat in the first quarter of 2017.

Net cash used by operating activities from discontinued operations was $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 representing the final payment to ViaSat, Inc. pursuant to an indemnification claim related to the SSL Sale.

Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities by continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $242.7 million representing the cash distribution received from Telesat.

Affiliate Matters

Loral has made certain investments in joint ventures in the satellite services business that are accounted for under the equity method of accounting (see Note 5 to our financial statements for further information on affiliate matters).

Commitments and Contingencies

Our business and operations are subject to a number of significant risks, the most significant of which are summarized in Part II, Item 1A — Risk Factors and also in Note 13 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Other Matters

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There are no accounting pronouncements that have been issued but not yet adopted that we believe will have a significant impact on our financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Loral

Foreign Currency

In the normal course of business, we are subject to the risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. To limit this foreign exchange rate exposure, the Company seeks to denominate its contracts in U.S. dollars. If we are unable to enter into a contract in U.S. dollars, we review our foreign exchange exposure and, where appropriate, derivatives are used to minimize the risk of foreign exchange rate fluctuations to operating results and cash flows. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest

During the first quarter of 2018, our excess cash was invested in money market securities; we did not hold any other marketable securities.

Derivatives

As a result of the use of derivative instruments, the Company is exposed to the risk that counterparties to derivative contracts will fail to meet their contractual obligations. To mitigate the counterparty credit risk, the Company has a policy of entering into contracts only with carefully selected major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other factors.

Loral had no derivative instruments as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Telesat

Foreign Exchange Risk

Telesat’s operating results are subject to fluctuations as a result of exchange rate variations to the extent that transactions are made in currencies other than Canadian dollars. The most significant impact of variations in the exchange rate is on Telesat’s U.S. dollar denominated debt financing, cash and short-term investments, trade and other receivables and trade and other payables. As of March 31, 2018, Telesat’s U.S. dollar denominated debt totaled $2.84 billion. Telesat is also exposed to foreign currency risk on anticipated transactions, such as the costs of satellite construction, launch and acquisition.

For the year ended March 31, 2018, approximately 52% of Telesat’s revenues, 46% of its operating expenses, 100% of its interest expense and the majority of its capital expenditures were denominated in U.S. dollars. As a result, the volatility of U.S. currency may expose Telesat to foreign exchange risks.

As of March 31, 2018, a five percent increase (decrease) in the value of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar would have increased (decreased) Telesat’s net income by approximately $124.7 million. This analysis assumes all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant.

Interest Rate Risk

Telesat is exposed to interest rate risk on its cash and short-term investments and on its indebtedness, a portion of which includes a variable interest rate. Changes in the interest rates could impact the amount of interest that Telesat receives or is required to pay.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Telesat uses derivative instruments to manage its exposure to foreign currency and interest rate risk. Telesat’s policy is that it does not use derivative instruments for speculative purposes.

Telesat uses the following instruments, as required:

	•	forward currency contracts to hedge foreign exchange risk on anticipated cash flows, mainly related to the construction of satellites and interest payments;
	•	currency derivative instruments to hedge the foreign exchange risk on its U.S. dollar denominated debt; and
	•	interest rate swaps to hedge the interest rate risk related to indebtedness, a portion of which includes a variable interest rate.

Item 4. Disclosure Controls and Procedures

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our president and our chief financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of March 31, 2018, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and designed to ensure that information relating to Loral and its consolidated subsidiaries required to be disclosed in our filings under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities Exchange Commission rules and forms.

(b) Internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(f) and 15-d-15(f)) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business and operations are subject to a significant number of risks. The most significant of these risks are summarized in, and the reader’s attention is directed to, the section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” There are no material changes to those risk factors.

The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of this report:

Exhibit 31.1 —	Certification of President pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 31.2 —	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 32.1 —	Certification of President pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 32.2 —	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 99.1 —	Amendment No. 5 dated April 26, 2018 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of March 28, 2012, as amended by Amendment No. 1 on April 2, 2013, as further amended by Amendment No. 2 on November 17, 2016, as further amended by Amendment No. 3 on December 19, 2016 and as further amended by Amendment No. 4 on February 1, 2017, by and among Telesat Canada, Telesat LLC, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, collateral agent, swingline lender and L/C Issuer (Incorporated by reference from the Report of Foreign Issuer on Form 6-K filed by Telesat Canada (formerly Telesat Holdings Inc.) on April 26, 2018).

Exhibit 101 —	Interactive Data Files
	(101.INS) XBRL Instance Document
	(101.SCH) XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
	(101.CAL) XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
	(101.DEF) XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
	(101.LAB) XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
	(101.PRE) XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	Registrant

	Loral Space & Communications Inc.

	/s/ John Capogrossi
	John Capogrossi
	Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial Officer) and Registrant’s Authorized Officer

Date: May 10, 2018