ibkr_10q-1q2014.htm




  UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 _____________________________________________________
 
FORM 10-Q
 
_____________________________________________________

(Mark One)
     
x
 QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
     
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014
     
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
     
For the transition  period from           to         

Commission File Number: 001-33440
 
INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
30-0390693
(State or other jurisdiction
 
(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)

One Pickwick Plaza
Greenwich, Connecticut 06830
(Address of principal executive office)
 
(203) 618-5800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x No  o.
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer x
 
Accelerated filer o
 
Non-accelerated filer o
 
SS Smaller reporting company o
 
       
(Do not check if a smaller
   
       
reporting company)
   
           
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  o    No  x.
 
As of May 8, 2014, there were 54,666,825 shares of the issuer’s Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding and 100 shares of the issuer’s Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

 
 
 


 


INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2014
Table of Contents
 
       
Page
       
No.
         
PART I:
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
         
Item 1:
 
Financial Statements (Unaudited)
3
         
   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
4
         
   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
5
         
   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
6
         
   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
7
         
   
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
8
         
Item 2:
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
32
         
Item 3:
 
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
50
         
Item 4:
 
Controls and Procedures
53
         
PART II:
 
OTHER INFORMATION
 
         
Item 1:
 
Legal Proceedings
54
         
Item 1A:
 
Risk Factors
54
         
Item 2:
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
54
         
Item 3:
 
Defaults upon Senior Securities
54
         
Item 5:
 
Other Information
54
         
Item 6:
 
Exhibits
55
         
SIGNATURES
 
56



 
2

 

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 

Financial Statements Introductory Note

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (“IBG, Inc.”, “we”, “our” or the “Company”) is a holding company whose primary asset is its ownership of approximately 13.6% of the membership interests of IBG LLC (the “Group”). See Notes 1 and 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the Company’s capital and ownership structure.
 
We are an automated global electronic broker and market maker specializing in executing and clearing trades in securities, futures, foreign exchange instruments, bonds and mutual funds on more than 100 electronic exchanges and trading venues around the world and offering custody, prime brokerage, stock and margin borrowing services to our customers. In the U.S., our business is conducted from our headquarters in Greenwich, Connecticut and from Chicago, Illinois and from Jersey City, New Jersey. Abroad, we conduct business through offices located in Canada, England, Switzerland, China (Hong Kong and Shanghai), India, Australia and Japan. At March 31, 2014, we had 901 employees worldwide.
 

 
3

 

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(Unaudited)

   
March 31,
     
December 31,
 
(in thousands, except share amounts)
 
2014
     
2013
 
Assets
             
Cash and cash equivalents
$
         991,439
    $
1,213,241
 
Cash and securities - segregated for regulatory purposes
 
       15,579,679
     
       13,991,711
 
Securities borrowed
 
         2,846,539
     
         2,751,501
 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
            282,748
     
            386,316
 
Financial instruments owned, at fair value:
             
    Financial instruments owned
 
         2,605,766
     
         3,285,313
 
    Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral
 
            822,434
     
         1,163,531
 
Total financial instruments owned
 
         3,428,200
     
         4,448,844
 
Receivables:
             
    Customers, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $68,024 and $67,999 at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013
    14,413,560          13,596,650  
    Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
 
            902,173
     
            858,189
 
    Receivable from affiliate
 
                     38
     
                     55
 
    Interest
 
              36,162
     
              26,489
 
Total receivables
 
       15,351,933
     
       14,481,383
 
Other assets
 
            499,838
     
            597,704
 
Total assets
$
38,980,376
    $
37,870,700
 
               
Liabilities and equity
             
Liabilities:
             
Financial instruments sold but not yet purchased, at fair value
$
  3,170,552
    $
     3,153,673
 
Securities loaned
 
         2,931,222
     
         2,563,653
 
Short-term borrowings
 
              33,603
     
              24,635
 
Payables:
             
    Customers
 
       26,975,572
     
       26,319,420
 
    Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
 
            241,394
     
            330,956
 
    Payable to affiliate
 
            287,215
     
            287,242
 
    Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
              93,145
     
              96,026
 
    Interest
 
                3,467
     
                2,969
 
Total payables
 
       27,600,793
     
       27,036,613
 
               
Total liabilities
 
       33,736,170
     
       32,778,574
 
               
Commitments, contingencies and guarantees
             
               
Equity
             
Stockholders’ equity
             
 Common stock, $0.01 par value per share:
             
   Class A – Authorized - 1,000,000,000, Issued - 54,789,790 and 54,788,049 shares, Outstanding – 54,666,825 and 54,664,095 shares at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013
 
                   548
     
                   548
 
   Class B – Authorized, Issued and Outstanding – 100 shares at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013
 
                        -
     
                        -
 
   Additional paid-in capital
 
            585,070
     
            583,312
 
   Retained earnings
 
            112,491
     
              98,868
 
   Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of income taxes of $1,059 and $936 at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013
 
              27,396
     
              27,028
 
   Treasury stock, at cost, 122,965 and 123,954 shares at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013
 
               (2,462
   
               (2,492
Total stockholders’ equity
 
            723,043
     
            707,264
 
Noncontrolling interests
 
         4,521,163
     
         4,384,862
 
Total equity
 
         5,244,206
     
         5,092,126
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
 38,980,376
    $
37,870,700
 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
4

 
 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
(in thousands, except for shares or per share amounts)
 
2014
     
2013
 
               
Revenues:
             
        Trading gains
$
              127,512
    $
         18,994
 
        Commissions and execution fees
 
                136,641
     
           119,538
 
        Interest income
 
                  85,883
     
             70,502
 
        Other income
 
                  19,158
     
             19,911
 
         Total revenues
 
                369,194
     
           228,945
 
               
Interest expense
 
                  14,286
     
             12,871
 
               
         Total net revenues
 
                354,908
     
           216,074
 
               
Non-interest expenses:
             
        Execution and clearing
 
                  54,210
     
             59,540
 
        Employee compensation and benefits
 
                  53,486
     
             46,318
 
        Occupancy, depreciation and amortization
 
                    9,819
     
             10,069
 
        Communications
 
                    6,002
     
               5,453
 
        General and administrative
 
                  13,247
     
             12,471
 
         Total non-interest expenses
 
                136,764
     
           133,851
 
               
Income before income taxes
 
                218,144
     
             82,223
 
               
Income tax expense
 
                  16,950
     
               6,935
 
Net income
 
                201,194
     
             75,288
 
        Less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
                182,105
     
             68,731
 
Net income available for common stockholders
$
              19,089
    $
         6,557
 
               
Earnings per share:
             
        Basic
$
                  0.35
    $
            0.14
 
        Diluted
$
                0.34
    $
             0.14
 
               
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
             
        Basic
 
54,664,225
     
47,499,898
 
        Diluted
 
56,041,282
     
47,688,314
 
               
               
               
Comprehensive income:
             
     Net income available for common stockholders
$
            19,089
    $
            6,557
 
     Other comprehensive income:
             
          Cumulative translation adjustment, before income taxes
 
                       491
     
              (3,735
          Income taxes related to items of other comprehensive income
 
                       123
     
                      7
 
     Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
                       368
     
              (3,742
Comprehensive income available for common stockholders
$
              19,457
    $
          2,815
 
               
               
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
             
     Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
$
           182,105
    $
          68,731
 
     Other comprehensive income (loss) - cumulative translation adjustment
 
                    3,120
     
            (27,621
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
$
             185,225
    $
         41,110
 
               

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
5

 
 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
(in thousands)
 
2014
     
2013
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
             
     Net income
$
201,194
     $
75,288
      
     Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
             
    Deferred income taxes
 
                    2,390
     
                    9,759
 
    Depreciation and amortization
 
                    4,896
     
                    4,969
 
    Employee stock plan compensation
 
                  10,051
     
                    8,470
 
    (Gains) losses on other investments, net
 
                     (162
   
                       133
 
    Bad debt expense
 
                       743
     
                       454
 
     Change in operating assets and liabilities:
             
    (Increase) decrease in cash and securities - segregated for regulatory purposes
 
           (1,585,783
   
                  42,571
 
    Increase in securities borrowed
 
                (95,038
   
              (907,250
    Decrease (increase) in securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
                103,568
     
                (33,038
    Decrease (increase) in financial instruments owned
 
             1,020,583
     
              (117,573
    Increase in receivables from customers
 
              (817,653
   
           (1,333,080
    (Increase) decrease in other receivables
 
                (53,640
   
                  34,475
 
    Increase in other assets
 
                  (1,136
   
                  (7,943
    Increase in financial instruments sold but not yet purchased
 
                  16,879
     
                  81,127
 
    Increase in securities loaned
 
                367,569
     
                359,492
 
    Increase in payable to customers
 
                656,152
     
             1,638,924
 
    Decrease in other payables
 
                (89,674
   
                (65,689
         Net cash used in operating activities
 
              (259,061
)    
              (208,911
Cash flows from investing activities:
             
     Purchases of other investments
 
                (60,368
   
                (67,482
     Proceeds from sales of other investments
 
                152,561
     
                  67,234
 
     Distributions received from and redemptions of equity investments
 
                            -
     
                  11,054
 
     Purchase of property and equipment
 
                  (4,707
   
                  (3,702
         Net cash provided by investing activities
 
                  87,486
     
                    7,104
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
             
     Dividends paid to shareholders
 
                  (5,466
   
                  (4,750
     Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests
 
                (57,217
   
                (35,137
     Increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings, net
 
                    8,968
     
                (91,573
         Net cash used in financing activities
 
                (53,715
   
              (131,460
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
                    3,488
     
                (31,364
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 
              (221,802
   
              (364,631
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
             1,213,241
     
             1,380,599
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
 991,439
    $
 1,015,968
 
               
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
             
    Cash paid for interest
$
 13,788
    $
  14,460
 
    Cash paid for taxes
$
26,533
    $
          20,628
 
               
Non-cash financing activities:
             
     Adjustments to additional paid-in capital for changes in proportionate ownership in IBG LLC
$
 393
    $
   (125
     Adjustments to noncontrolling interests for changes in proportionate ownership in IBG LLC
$
  (393
  $
      125
 
               

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 

 
6

 

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013
(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except for share amounts)
                                                                 
 
Common Stock
                                                       
                                       
Accumulated
                         
               
Additional
                     
Other
     
Total
     
Non-
         
 
Issued
   
Par
     
Paid-In
     
Treasury
     
Retained
     
Comprehensive
     
Stockholders'
     
controlling
     
Total
 
 
Shares
   
Value
     
 Capital
     
 Stock
     
 Earnings
     
 Income
     
 Equity
     
Interests
     
Equity
 
                                                                   
Balance, January 1, 2014
  54,788,049
  $
548
    $
583,312
    $
  (2,492
  $
   98,868
    $
        27,028
    $
  707,264
    $
4,384,862
    $
5,092,126
 
                                                                   
Common Stock distributed pursuant to stock plans
           1,741
   
            
     
                
     
              30
                     
                   30
     
                   
     
                30
 
Compensation for stock grants vesting in the future
             
        1,365
                             
              1,365
     
           8,686
     
         10,051
 
Dividends paid to stockholders
                             
            (5,466
           
            (5,466
   
                 
     
         (5,466
Dividends paid by IBG LLC to noncontrolling interests
                                             
                      
     
        (57,217)
     
       (57,217
Adjustments for changes in proportionate ownership in IBG LLC
             
           393
                             
                 393
     
             (393)
     
                 
 
Comprehensive income
                             
            19,089
     
                     368
     
            19,457
     
       185,225
     
       204,682
 
Balance, March 31, 2014
  54,789,790
  $
 548
    $
585,070
    $
 (2,462
  $
 112,491
    $
         27,396
    $
   723,043
    $
 4,521,163
    $
 5,244,206
 
                                                                   
                                                                   
                                                                   
 
Common Stock
                                                       
                                       
Accumulated
                         
               
Additional
                     
Other
     
Total
     
Non-
         
 
Issued
   
Par
     
Paid-In
     
Treasury
     
Retained
     
Comprehensive
     
Stockholders'
     
controlling
      Total  
 
Shares
   
Value
     
 Capital
     
 Stock
     
 Earnings
     
 Income
     
 Equity
     
Interests
     
Equity
 
                                                                   
Balance, January 1, 2013
  47,797,844
  $
 478
    $
493,912
    $
  (7,718
  $
        82,072
    $
          29,754
    $
       598,498
    $
 4,214,649
    $
 4,813,147
 
                                                                   
Common stock distributed pursuant to stock plans
           3,605
                   
              52
                     
                   52
             
                52
 
Compensation for stock grants vesting in the future
             
        1,036
                             
              1,036
     
           7,662
     
           8,698
 
Dividends paid to shareholders
                             
            (4,750
           
            (4,750
           
         (4,750
Dividends paid by IBG LLC to noncontrolling interests
                                                     
        (35,137
   
       (35,137
Adjustments for changes in proportionate ownership in IBG LLC
             
          (125
                           
               (125
   
              125
     
                 
 
Comprehensive income
                             
              6,557
     
                (3,742
   
              2,815
     
         41,110
     
         43,925
 
Balance, March 31, 2013
  47,801,449
  $
 478
    $
494,823
    $
(7,666
  $
        83,879
    $
           26,012
    $
       597,526
    $
 4,228,409
    $
 4,825,935
 
                                                                   
 
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 

 
 
7

 

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

1. Organization and Nature of Business
 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (“IBG, Inc.” or the “Company”) is a Delaware holding company whose primary asset is its ownership of approximately 13.6% of the membership interests of IBG LLC, which, in turn, owns operating subsidiaries (collectively, “IBG LLC” or the “Group”). The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of IBG, Inc. reflect the consolidation of IBG, Inc.’s investment in IBG LLC for all periods presented (Note 4). IBG LLC is an automated global electronic broker and market maker specializing in routing orders and processing trades in securities, futures and foreign exchange instruments.
 
IBG LLC is a Connecticut limited liability company that conducts its business through its operating subsidiaries (collectively called the “Operating Companies”): Timber Hill LLC (“TH LLC”), Timber Hill Europe AG (“THE”), Timber Hill Securities Hong Kong Limited (“THSHK”), Timber Hill Australia Pty Limited (“THA”), Timber Hill Canada Company (“THC”), Interactive Brokers LLC (“IB LLC”) and subsidiary, Interactive Brokers Canada Inc. (“IBC”), Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Limited (“IBUK”), Interactive Brokers (India) Private Limited (“IBI”), Interactive Brokers Financial Products S.A. (“IBFP”), Interactive Brokers Hungary KFT (“IBH”), IB Exchange Corp. (“IBEC”), Interactive Brokers Securities Japan, Inc. (“IBSJ”), Interactive Brokers Software Services Estonia OU (“IBEST”) and Interactive Brokers Software Services Russia (“IBRUS”).
 
IBG, Inc. operates in two business segments, electronic brokerage and market making. IBG, Inc. conducts its electronic brokerage business through certain Interactive Brokers subsidiaries, which provide electronic execution and clearing services to customers worldwide. The Company conducts its market making business principally through its Timber Hill subsidiaries on the world’s leading exchanges and market centers, primarily in exchange-traded equities, equity options and equity-index options and futures.
 
Certain of the Operating Companies are members of various securities and commodities exchanges in North America, Europe and the Asia/Pacific region and are subject to regulatory capital and other requirements (Note 13). IB LLC, IBUK, IBC, IBI and IBSJ carry securities accounts for customers or perform custodial functions relating to customer securities.
 
2. Significant Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Presentation
 
These condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding financial reporting with respect to Form 10-Q and accounting standards generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) promulgated in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC” or the “Codification”).  These condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries and include all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary to present fairly the financial condition as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the results of operations and comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in IBG, Inc.’s 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 3, 2014. The condensed consolidated financial statement information as of December 31, 2013 has been derived from the 2013 audited consolidated financial statements. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year.
 
 
Principles of Consolidation, including Noncontrolling Interests
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of IBG, Inc. and its majority and wholly owned subsidiaries.  As sole managing member of IBG LLC, IBG, Inc. exerts control over the Group’s operations. In 



 
8

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, the Company consolidates the Group’s financial statements and records the interests in the Group that IBG, Inc. does not own as noncontrolling interests.
 
The Company’s policy is to consolidate all other entities in which it owns more than 50% unless it does not have control. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Such estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, compensation accruals, current and deferred income taxes, and estimated contingency reserves.
 
Fair Value
 
At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, substantially all of IBG, Inc.’s assets and liabilities, including financial instruments, were carried at fair value based on published market prices and were marked to market, or were assets and liabilities which are short-term in nature and were carried at amounts that approximate fair value.
 
IBG, Inc. applies the fair value hierarchy of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, to prioritize the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:
 
Level 1
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2
Quoted prices in markets that are not considered to be active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3
Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to fair value measurement and unobservable.
 
Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased are generally classified as Level 1 financial instruments. The Company’s Level 1 financial instruments, which are valued using quoted market prices as published by exchanges and clearing houses or otherwise broadly distributed in active markets, include U.S. government and sovereign obligations, active listed securities, options, futures, options on futures and corporate and municipal debt securities. IBG, Inc. does not adjust quoted prices for Level 1 financial instruments, even in the event that the Company may hold a large position whereby a purchase or sale could reasonably impact quoted prices.
 
Currency forward contracts are valued using broadly distributed bank and broker prices, and are classified as Level 2 financial instruments as such instruments are not exchange-traded. Other securities that are not traded in active markets are also classified in Level 2. Level 3 financial instruments are comprised of securities that have been delisted or otherwise are no longer tradable and have been valued by the Company based on internal estimates.
 
Other fair value investments, reported in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial condition and in Note 6—Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, are comprised of financial instruments that the Company does not carry in its market making business, which were comprised of listed stocks and options, and corporate debt securities.  These investments are generally reported as Level 2 financial instruments, except for unrestricted listed equities, which are classified as Level 1 financial instruments.  Other fair value liabilities are comprised of unrestricted listed equities which are classified as Level 1 financial instruments.
 
Earnings per Share
 
Earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. Shares of Class A and Class B common stock share proportionately in the earnings of IBG, Inc. Basic earnings per share are calculated utilizing net income available for common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted earnings per share are calculated utilizing the Company’s basic net income available for common stockholders divided by diluted weighted average shares outstanding with no adjustments to net income available to common stockholders for dilutive potential common shares.
 
 
 
 
9

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

Stock-Based Compensation
 
IBG, Inc. follows ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, to account for its stock-based compensation plans. ASC 718 requires all share-based payments to employees to be recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements using a fair value-based method. Grants, which are denominated in U.S. dollars, are communicated to employees in the year of grant, thereby establishing the fair value of each grant. The fair value of awards granted to employees are generally expensed as follows—50% in the year of grant in recognition of plan forfeiture provisions (described below) and the remaining 50% over the related vesting period utilizing the “graded vesting” method permitted under ASC 718-10. In the case of “retirement eligible” employees (those employees older than 59), 100% of awards are expensed when granted.
 
Awards granted under stock-based compensation plans are subject to forfeiture in the event an employee ceases employment with the Company. The plans provide that employees who discontinue employment with the Company without cause and continue to meet the terms of the plans’ post-employment provisions will forfeit 50% of unvested previously granted awards unless the employee is over the age of 59, in which case the employee would be eligible to receive 100% of unvested awards previously granted.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
The Company considers all highly liquid investments, with maturities of three months or less, that are not segregated and deposited for regulatory purposes or to meet margin requirements at clearing houses to be cash equivalents.
 
Cash and Securities—Segregated for Regulatory Purposes
 
As a result of customer activities, certain Operating Companies are obligated by rules mandated by their primary regulators to segregate or set aside cash or qualified securities to satisfy such regulations, which regulations have been promulgated to protect customer assets. In addition, substantially all of the Operating Companies are members of various clearing organizations at which cash or securities are deposited as required to conduct day-to-day clearance activities. Securities segregated for regulatory purposes consisted of U.S. Treasury Bills of $3.43 billion and $1.30 billion at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which are recorded as Level 1 financial assets and securities purchased under agreements to resell in the amount of $6.44 billion and $6.73 billion as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively, which amounts approximate fair value.
 
Securities Borrowed and Securities Loaned
 
Securities borrowed and securities loaned are recorded at the amount of collateral advanced or received. Securities borrowed transactions require the Company to provide counterparties with collateral, which may be in the form of cash, letters of credit or other securities. With respect to securities loaned, IBG, Inc. receives collateral, which may be in the form of cash or other securities in an amount generally in excess of the fair value of the securities loaned. IBG, Inc. monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained or refunded as permitted contractually. Receivables and payables with the same counterparty are not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
 
Securities lending fees received or paid by IBG, Inc. are recorded as interest income or interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
 
Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell
 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell, which are reported as collateralized financing transactions, are recorded at contract value, plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. To ensure that the fair value of the underlying collateral remains sufficient, this collateral is valued daily with additional collateral obtained or excess collateral returned, as permitted under contractual provisions. The Company does not net securities purchased under agreements to resell transactions with securities sold under agreements to repurchase transactions entered into with the same counterparty.
 
Financial Instruments Owned and Sold But Not Yet Purchased
 
Financial instrument transactions are accounted for on a trade date basis. Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold but not yet purchased are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices. All firm-owned financial instruments pledged to counterparties where the counterparty has the right, by contract or custom, to sell or repledge the financial instruments are classified as financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
 
 
 
10

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

IBG, Inc. also enters into currency forward contracts. These transactions, which are also accounted for on a trade date basis, are agreements to exchange a fixed amount of one currency for a specified amount of a second currency at completion of the currency forward contract term. Unrealized mark-to-market gains and losses on currency forward contracts are reported as components of financial instruments owned or financial instruments sold but not yet purchased in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
 
Customer Receivables and Payables
 
Customer securities transactions are recorded on a settlement date basis and customer commodities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Receivables from and payables to customers include amounts due on cash and margin transactions, including futures contracts transacted on behalf of customers. Securities owned by customers, including those that collateralize margin loans or other similar transactions, are not reported in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Amounts receivable from customers that are determined by management to be uncollectible are expensed as a component of general and administrative expense.
 
Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations
 
Receivables and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations include net receivables and payables from unsettled trades, including amounts related to futures and options on futures contracts executed on behalf of customers, amounts receivable for securities not delivered by IBG, Inc. to the purchaser by the settlement date (“fails to deliver”) and cash margin deposits. Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations also include amounts payable for securities not received by IBG, Inc. from a seller by the settlement date (“fails to receive”).
 
Investments
 
IBG, Inc. makes certain strategic investments related to financial services and accounts for these investments under the cost method of accounting or under the equity method of accounting as required under ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures. Investments accounted for under the equity method, including where the investee is a limited partnership or limited liability company, are recorded at the fair value amount of IBG, Inc.’s initial investment and adjusted each period for IBG, Inc.’s share of the investee’s income or loss. IBG, Inc.’s share of the income or losses from equity investments is reported as a component of other income in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The recorded amounts of IBG, Inc.’s equity method investments, $27.0 million at March 31, 2014 ($27.5 million at December 31, 2013), which are reported as a component of other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, increase or decrease accordingly. Contributions paid to and distributions received from equity investees are recorded as additions or reductions, respectively, to the respective investment balance.
 
A judgmental aspect of accounting for investments is evaluating whether an other-than-temporary decline in the value of an investment has occurred. The evaluation of an other-than-temporary impairment is dependent on specific quantitative and qualitative factors and circumstances surrounding an investment, including recurring operating losses, credit defaults and subsequent rounds of financing.  IBG, Inc.’s equity investments do not have readily determinable market values. All investments are reviewed for changes in circumstances or occurrence of events that suggest IBG, Inc.’s investment may not be recoverable. If an unrealized loss on any investment is considered to be other-than-temporary, the loss is recognized in the period the determination is made.
 
IBG, Inc. also holds exchange memberships and investments in equity securities of certain exchanges as required to qualify as a clearing member, and strategic investments in corporate stock that do not qualify for equity method accounting. Such investments, $27.2 million at March 31, 2014 ($27.6 million at December 31, 2013), are recorded at cost or, if an other-than-temporary impairment in value has occurred, at a value that reflects management’s estimate of the impairment, and are also components of other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Dividends received from cost basis investments are recognized as a component of other income when such dividends are received.
 
The Company also makes other fair value investments (which are not considered core business activities) that are accounted for at fair value (Note 6), with gains and losses recorded as a component of other income.
 
 
 
 
11

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment, which is a component of other assets, consists of purchased technology hardware and software, internally developed software, leasehold improvements and office furniture and equipment. Property and equipment are recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of assets are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method. Equipment is depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, while leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the estimated economic useful life of the asset or the term of the lease. Computer equipment is depreciated over three to five years and office furniture and equipment are depreciated over five to seven years. Qualifying costs for internally developed software are capitalized and amortized over the expected useful life of the developed software, not to exceed three years.
 
Comprehensive Income and Foreign Currency Translation
 
The Company’s operating results are reported in the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income pursuant to Accounting Standards Update 2011-05, Comprehensive Income.
 
Comprehensive income consists of two components: net income and other comprehensive income (“OCI”). OCI is comprised of revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are reported in the comprehensive income section of the statement of comprehensive income, but are excluded from reported net income. IBG, Inc.’s OCI is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments, net of related income taxes, where applicable. In general, the practice and intention of the Company is to reinvest the earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries in those operations.
 
IBG, Inc.’s non-U.S. domiciled subsidiaries have a functional currency that is other than the U.S. dollar. Such subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the period. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiary’s functional currency are reported as a component of accumulated OCI.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
 
—Trading Gains
 
Trading gains and losses are recorded on trade date and are reported on a net basis. Trading gains are comprised of changes in the fair value of financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold but not yet purchased (i.e., unrealized gains and losses) and realized gains and losses. Included in trading gains are net gains and losses on exchange traded options, futures and other derivative instruments. Dividends are integral to the valuation of stocks and interest is integral to the valuation of fixed income instruments. Accordingly, both dividends and interest income and expense attributable to financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold but not yet purchased are reported on a net basis as a component of trading gains in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
 
 
—Commissions and Execution Fees
 
Commissions charged for executing and clearing customer transactions are recorded on a trade date basis and are reported as commissions and execution fees in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, and the related expenses are reported as execution and clearing expenses.
 
 
—Interest Income and Expense
 
The Company earns interest income and incurs interest expense primarily in connection with its electronic brokerage customer business and its securities lending activities. Such interest is recorded on the accrual basis.
 
 
—Foreign Currency Transaction Gains and Losses
 
Foreign currency transaction gains and losses from market making are reported as a component of trading gains in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Electronic brokerage foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest (if arising from currency swap transactions) or other income.
 
 
 
12

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

Income Taxes
 
IBG, Inc. accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. The Company’s income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits are based on enacted tax laws (Note 10) and reflect management’s best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. The Company is subject to income taxes in both the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Determining income tax expense requires significant judgments and estimates.
 
IBG, Inc. recognizes interest related to income tax matters as interest income or expense and penalties related to income tax matters as income tax expense.
 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of the underlying assets and liabilities. In evaluating the ability to recover deferred tax assets within the jurisdictions from which they arise, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. In projecting future taxable income, historical results are adjusted for changes in accounting policies and incorporate assumptions including the amount of future state, federal and foreign pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax-planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates the Company is using to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, three years of cumulative operating income (loss) are considered. Deferred income taxes have not been provided for U.S. tax liabilities or for additional foreign taxes on the unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries that have been indefinitely reinvested.
 
The calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across the Company’s global operations. Changes in tax laws and rates could also affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future. The Company is not aware of any such changes that would have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, or financial position.
 
ASC 740 provides that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of the technical merits. ASC 740 also provides guidance on measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition.
 
The Company records tax liabilities in accordance with ASC 740 and adjusts these liabilities when management’s judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Because of the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in payments that are different from the current estimates of these tax liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which new information becomes available.
 

 
13

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
Subsequent to the adoption of the ASC, the FASB will issue Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) as the means to add to or delete from, or otherwise amend the ASC. In 2014, prior to the issuance of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, ASUs 2014-01 through 2014-08 have been issued. Following is a summary of recently issued ASUs that have affected or may affect the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements:
 
   
Affects
 
Status
         
ASU 2013-05
 
Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity
 
Effective for fiscal periods beginning on or after December 15, 2013.
         
ASU 2014-06
 
Technical Corrections and Improvements Related to Glossary Terms
 
Effective on issuance in March 2014.
 
Adoption of those ASUs that became effective during 2014, prior to the issuance of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, did not have a material effect on those financial statements.
 
3. Trading Activities and Related Risks
 
IBG, Inc.’s trading activities include providing securities market making and brokerage services. Trading activities expose IBG, Inc. to market and credit risks. These risks are managed in accordance with established risk management policies and procedures. To accomplish this, management has established a risk management process that includes:
 
 
a regular review of the risk management process by executive management as part of its oversight role;
 
 
defined risk management policies and procedures supported by a rigorous analytic framework; and
 
 
articulated risk tolerance levels as defined by executive management that are regularly reviewed to ensure that IBG, Inc.’s risk-taking is consistent with its business strategy, capital structure, and current and anticipated market conditions.
 
Market Risk
 
IBG, Inc. is exposed to various market risks. Exposures to market risks arise from equity price risk, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and changes in interest rates. IBG, Inc. seeks to mitigate market risk associated with trading inventories by employing hedging strategies that correlate rate, price and spread movements of trading inventories and related financing and hedging activities. IBG, Inc. uses a combination of cash instruments and exchange traded derivatives to hedge its market exposures. The following discussion describes the types of market risk faced:
 
 
Equity Price Risk
 
Equity price risk arises from the possibility that equity security prices will fluctuate, affecting the value of equity securities and other instruments that derive their value from a particular stock, a defined basket of stocks, or a stock index. IBG, Inc. is subject to equity price risk primarily in financial instruments owned and sold but not yet purchased. IBG, Inc. attempts to limit such risks by continuously reevaluating prices and by diversifying its portfolio across many different options, futures and underlying securities and avoiding concentrations of positions based on the same underlying security.
 
 
 
 
14

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

 
Currency Risk
 
Currency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates will impact the value of financial instruments. The Company manages this risk using spot (i.e., cash) currency transactions, currency futures contracts and currency forward contracts.
 
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect the value of financial instruments. IBG, Inc. is exposed to interest rate risk on cash and margin balances, positions carried in equity securities, options, and futures and on its debt obligations. These risks are managed through investment policies and by entering into interest rate futures contracts.
 
Credit Risk
 
IBG, Inc. is exposed to risk of loss if an individual, counterparty or issuer fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms (“default risk”). Both cash instruments and derivatives expose IBG, Inc. to default risk. IBG, Inc. has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk on principal transactions, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, maintaining collateral, and continually assessing the creditworthiness of counterparties.
 
The Company’s credit risk is limited in that substantially all of the contracts entered into are settled directly at securities and commodities clearing houses and a small portion is settled through member firms and banks with substantial financial and operational resources. IBG, Inc. seeks to control the risks associated with its customer margin activities by requiring customers to maintain collateral in compliance with regulatory and internal guidelines.
 
In the normal course of business, IBG, Inc. executes, settles, and finances various customer securities transactions. Execution of these transactions includes the purchase and sale of securities by IBG, Inc. that exposes IBG, Inc. to default risk arising from the potential that customers or counterparties may fail to satisfy their obligations. In these situations, IBG, Inc. may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at unfavorable market prices to satisfy obligations to customers or counterparties. Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions (i.e., securities fails to receive) are recorded at the amount for which the securities were purchased, and are paid upon receipt of the securities from other brokers or dealers. In the case of aged securities fails to receive, IBG, Inc. may purchase the underlying security in the market and seek reimbursement for any losses from the counterparty.
 
For cash management purposes, IBG, Inc. enters into short-term securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase transactions (“repos”) in addition to securities borrowing and lending arrangements, all of which may result in credit exposure in the event the counterparty to a transaction is unable to fulfill its contractual obligations. Repos are collateralized by securities with a market value in excess of the obligation under the contract. Similarly, securities borrowed and loaned agreements are collateralized by deposits of cash or securities. IBG, Inc. attempts to minimize credit risk associated with these activities by monitoring collateral values on a daily basis and requiring additional collateral to be deposited with or returned to IBG, Inc. as permitted under contractual provisions.
 
Concentrations of Credit Risk
 
IBG, Inc.’s exposure to credit risk associated with its trading and other activities is measured on an individual counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar attributes. Concentrations of credit risk can be affected by changes in political, industry, or economic factors. To reduce the potential for risk concentration, credit limits are established and exposure is monitored in light of changing counterparty and market conditions. As of March 31, 2014, the Company did not have any material concentrations of credit risk.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Risks
 
IBG, Inc. may be exposed to a risk of loss not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements to settle futures and certain over-the-counter contracts at contracted prices, which may require repurchase or sale of the underlying products in the market at prevailing prices. Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance sheet risk as IBG, Inc.’s cost to liquidate such contracts may exceed the amounts reported in IBG, Inc.’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
 
 
 
 
15

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

4. Equity and Earnings per Share
 
In connection with its initial public offering of Class A common stock (“IPO”) in May 2007, IBG, Inc. purchased 10.0% of the membership interests in IBG LLC from Holdings, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLC’s financial results into its financial statements. Holdings wholly owns all Class B common stock, which common stock has voting rights in proportion to its ownership interests in IBG LLC, approximately 86.4% as of March 31, 2014.  The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the results of operations and financial position of IBG, Inc., including consolidation of its investment in IBG LLC. The noncontrolling interests in IBG LLC attributable to Holdings are reported as a component of total equity, as described below.
 
Recapitalization and Post-IPO Capital Structure
 
Immediately prior to and immediately following the consummation of the IPO, IBG, Inc., Holdings, IBG LLC and the members of IBG LLC consummated a series of transactions collectively referred to herein as the “Recapitalization.” In connection with the Recapitalization, IBG, Inc., Holdings and the historical members of IBG LLC entered into an exchange agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007 (the “Exchange Agreement”), pursuant to which the historical members of IBG LLC received membership interests in Holdings in exchange for their membership interests in IBG LLC. Additionally, IBG, Inc. became the sole managing member of IBG LLC.
 
In connection with the consummation of the IPO, Holdings used the net proceeds to redeem 10.0% of members’ interests in Holdings in proportion to their interests. Immediately following the Recapitalization and IPO, Holdings owned approximately 90% of IBG LLC and 100% of IBG, Inc.’s Class B common stock, which has voting power in IBG, Inc. in proportion to Holdings’ ownership of IBG LLC.
 
Since consummation of the IPO and Recapitalization, IBG, Inc.’s equity capital structure has been comprised of Class A and Class B common stock. All shares of common stock have a par value of $0.01 per share and have identical rights to earnings and dividends and in liquidation. As described previously in this Note 4, Class B common stock has voting power in IBG, Inc. proportionate to the extent of Holdings’ and IBG, Inc.’s respective ownership of IBG LLC. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock were authorized, of which 54,789,790 and 54,788,049 shares have been issued; and 54,666,825 and 54,664,095 shares were outstanding, respectively. Class B common stock is comprised of 100 authorized shares, of which 100 shares were issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. In addition, 10,000 shares of preferred stock have been authorized, of which no shares are issued or outstanding as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
 
As a result of a federal income tax election made by IBG LLC applicable to the acquisition of IBG LLC member interests by IBG, Inc., the income tax basis of the assets of IBG LLC acquired by IBG, Inc. have been adjusted based on the amount paid for such interests. Deferred tax assets were recorded as of the IPO date and in connection with the 2011 and 2013 redemptions of Holdings member interests in exchange for common stock, which deferred tax assets are a component of other assets in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition and are being amortized as additional deferred income tax expense over 15 years from the IPO date and from the 2011 and 2013 redemption dates, respectively, as allowable under current tax law. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the unamortized balance of these deferred tax assets was $289.3 million and $294.7 million, respectively.
 
IBG, Inc. also entered into an agreement (the “Tax Receivable Agreement”) with Holdings to pay Holdings (for the benefit of the former members of IBG LLC) 85% of the tax savings that IBG, Inc. actually realizes as the result of tax basis increases. These payables, net of payments made to Holdings, are reported as payable to affiliate in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition.
 
The remaining 15% is accounted for as a permanent increase to additional paid-in capital in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition.
 
The cumulative amounts of deferred tax assets, payables to Holdings and credits to additional paid-in capital arising from stock offerings from the date of the IPO through March 31, 2014 were $420.4 million, $357.4 million and $63.1 million, respectively. Amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement are payable to Holdings annually following the filing of IBG, Inc.’s federal income tax return. The Company has paid Holdings a cumulative total of $70.4 million through March 31, 2014 pursuant to the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement.
 
 
 
16

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
The Exchange Agreement, as amended June 6, 2012, provides for future redemptions of member interests and for the purchase of member interests in IBG LLC by IBG, Inc. from Holdings, which could result in IBG, Inc. acquiring the remaining member interests in IBG LLC that it does not own. On an annual basis, holders of Holdings member interests are able to request redemption of such member interests over a minimum eight (8) year period following the IPO; 12.5% annually for seven (7) years and 2.5% in the eighth year.
 
At the time of the Company’s IPO in 2007, three hundred sixty (360) million shares of authorized Common Stock were reserved for future sales and redemptions. From 2008 through 2010, Holdings redeemed 5,013,259 IBG LLC shares with a total value of $114.0 million, which redemptions were funded using cash on hand at IBG LLC. Upon cash redemption these IBG LLC shares were retired. In 2013 and 2011, respectively, the Company issued 4,683,415 shares and 1,983,624 shares of Common Stock directly to Holdings in exchange for an equivalent number of shares of member interests in IBG LLC.
 
As a consequence of these redemption transactions, and distribution of shares to employees (Note 9), IBG, Inc.’s interest in IBG LLC has increased to approximately 13.6%, with Holdings owning the remaining 86.4% as of March 31, 2014. The redemptions also resulted in an increase in the Holdings interest held by Thomas Peterffy and his affiliates from approximately 84.6% at the IPO to approximately 87.6% at March 31, 2014.
 
Earnings per Share
 
Basic earnings per share are calculated utilizing net income available for common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding for that period:
 
   
Three months ended
   
March 31,
   
2014
   
2013
Basic earnings per share:
         
Net income available for common stockholders
$
             19,089
  $
             6,557
           
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
         
    Class A
 
           54,664,125
   
           47,499,798
    Class B
 
                       100
   
                       100
   
           54,664,225
   
           47,499,898
           
Basic earnings per share
$
                0.35
  $
                0.14


 
17

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
Diluted earnings per share are calculated utilizing the Company’s basic net income available for common stockholders divided by diluted weighted average shares outstanding with no adjustments to net income available to common stockholders for potentially dilutive common shares:
 
   
Three months ended
   
March 31,
   
2014
   
2013
Diluted earnings per share:
         
Net income available for common stockholders
$
            19,089
  $
            6,557
           
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
         
     Class A:
         
    Issued and outstanding
 
           54,664,125
   
           47,499,798
            Potentially dilutive common shares issuable pursuant toemployee incentive plans
 
             1,377,057
   
                188,416
     Class B
 
                       100
   
                       100
   
           56,041,282
   
           47,688,314
           
Diluted earnings per share
$
                0.34
  $
            0.14
 
Member and Stockholder Dividends
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2014, IBG LLC paid dividends totaling $66.2 million to its members, of which IBG, Inc.’s proportionate share was $9.0 million.  In March 2014, the Company paid cash dividends of $0.10 per share of Common Stock, totaling $5.5 million.
 
On April 15, 2014, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.10 per common share, payable on June 13, 2014 to shareholders of record as of May 30, 2014.
 
5. Comprehensive Income
 
The following table presents comprehensive income and earnings per share on comprehensive income:
 
   
Three months ended
   
March 31,
   
2014
   
2013
           
Comprehensive income available for common stockholders, net of tax
$
     19,457
  $
       2,815
           
           
Earnings per share on comprehensive income:
         
     Basic
$
         0.36
  $
            0.06
     Diluted
$
     0.35
  $
            0.06
           
           
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
         
     Basic
 
54,664,225
   
47,499,898
     Diluted
 
56,041,282
   
47,688,314

 
 
18

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

6. Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
 
Fair Value
 
The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy (Note 2), financial assets and liabilities, primarily financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased at fair value as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. As required by ASC 820, financial assets and financial liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the respective fair value measurement.
 

   
Financial Assets At Fair Value as of March 31, 2014
                       
     Level 1       Level 2       Level 3       Total
                       
Securities segregated for regulatory purposes
$
       3,428,577
  $
              -
  $
              -
  $
   3,428,577
Financial instruments owned:
                        
     Stocks
 
                990,435
   
                         -
   
                     119
   
           990,554
     Options
 
             1,418,104
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
        1,418,104
     Warrants and discount certificates
 
                  74,891
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
             74,891
     U.S. and foreign government securities
 
                  15,740
   
                  2,074
   
                         -
   
             17,814
     Corporate and municipal bonds
 
                  77,647
   
                22,998
   
                         -
   
           100,645
     Currency forward contracts
 
                           -
   
                  3,758
   
                         -
   
               3,758
Total financial instruments owned
 
             2,576,817
   
                28,830
   
                     119
   
        2,605,766
                       
Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral:
                     
     Stocks
 
                762,857
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
           762,857
     Warrants
 
                       205
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                  205
     U.S. and foreign government securities
 
                  58,470
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
             58,470
     Corporate and municipal bonds
 
                       902
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                  902
Total financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral
 
                822,434
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
           822,434
                       
Total financial insturments owned
 
             3,399,251
   
                28,830
   
                     119
   
        3,428,200
                       
Other fair value investments, included in other assets:
                     
     Stocks and options
 
                  33,642
   
                         -
   
                     112
   
             33,754
     Corporate and municipal bonds
    -    
                  1,869
      -    
               1,869
Total other fair value investments, included in other assets
 
                  33,642
   
                  1,869
   
                     112
   
             35,623
                       
Total Financial Assets at Fair Value
$
      68,614,470
  $
   30,699
  $
                231
  $
   6,892,400
                       
                       
   
Financial Liabilities At Fair Value as of March 31, 2014
                       
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
                     
     Stocks
$
          1,612,564
  $
               -
  $
                1
  $
 1,612,565
     Options
 
             1,467,109
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
        1,467,109
     Warrants and discount certificates
 
                    1,051
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
               1,051
     U.S. and foreign government securities
 
                       693
   
                  1,279
   
                         -
   
               1,972
     Corporate bonds
 
                  75,039
   
                12,213
   
                         -
   
             87,252
     Currency forward contracts
 
                           -
   
                     603
   
                         -
   
                  603
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased
 
             3,156,456
   
                14,095
   
                         1
   
        3,170,552
                       
Other fair value liabilities, included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
           
                       
     Stock
 
                       305
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                  305
Total other fair value liabilities, included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
                       305
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                  305
                       
Total Financial Liabilities at Fair Value
$
     3,156,761
  $
             14,095
  $
                  1
  $
    3,170,857


 
19

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

 
   
Financial Assets At Fair Value as of December 31, 2013
                       
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
                       
Securities segregated for regulatory purposes
$
  1,300,016
  $
                  -
  $
               -
  $
  1,300,016
Financial instruments owned:
                     
     Stocks
 
             1,243,914
   
                         -
   
                       57
   
        1,243,971
     Options
 
             1,880,481
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
        1,880,481
     Warrants and discount certificates
 
                  57,144
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
             57,144
     U.S. and foreign government securities
 
                    4,641
   
                  2,102
   
                         -
   
               6,743
     Corporate and municipal bonds
 
                  72,750
   
                18,476
   
                         -
   
             91,226
     Currency forward contracts
 
                           -
   
                  5,748
   
                         -
   
               5,748
Total financial instruments owned
 
             3,258,930
   
                26,326
   
                       57
   
        3,285,313
                       
Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral:
                     
     Stocks
 
             1,097,734
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
        1,097,734
     Warrants
 
                       233
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
                  233
     U.S. and foreign government securities
 
                  64,439
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
             64,439
     Corporate and municipal bonds
 
                    1,125
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
               1,125
Total financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral
 
             1,163,531
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
        1,163,531
                       
Total financial insturments owned
 
             4,422,461
   
                26,326
   
                       57
   
        4,448,844
                       
Other fair value investments, included in other assets:
                     
     Stocks
 
                  25,604
   
                     419
   
                     101
   
             26,124
     Corporate and municipal bonds
 
                    1,776
   
                47,896
   
                         -
   
             49,672
     Mortgage backed securities
 
                           -
   
                26,892
   
                         -
   
             26,892
     Other asset backed securities
 
                           -
   
                22,734
   
                         -
   
             22,734
     Other
 
                           -
   
                  5,328
   
                         -
   
               5,328
Total other fair value assets
 
                  27,380
   
              103,269
   
                     101
   
           130,750
                       
Total Financial Assets at Fair Value
$
     5,749,857
  $
        129,595
  $
          158
  $
  5,879,610
                       
                       
   
Financial Liabilities At Fair Value as of December 31, 2013
                       
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
                     
     Stocks
$
  1,266,429
  $
                -
  $
            3
  $
  1,266,432
     Options
 
             1,793,248
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
        1,793,248
     Warrants and discount certificates
 
                    1,215
   
                         -
   
                         -
   
               1,215
     U.S. and foreign government securities
 
                           -
   
                  4,412
   
                         -
   
               4,412
     Corporate bonds
 
                  77,936
   
                  9,628
   
                         -
   
             87,564
     Currency forward contracts
 
                           -
   
                     802
   
                         -
   
                  802
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased
$
      3,138,828
  $
        14,842
  $
      3
  $
3,153,673
 
Transfers between Level 1 and Level 2
 
Transfers of financial instruments owned and sold, not yet purchased to or from Levels 1 and 2 arise where the market for a specific security has become active or inactive during the period. The fair values transferred are ascribed as if the financial assets or financial liabilities had been transferred as of the end of the period.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2014, the Company reclassified approximately $2.1 million of financial instruments owned from Level 1 to Level 2 and reclassified approximately $1.8 million from Level 2 to Level 1. Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased of approximately $1.4 million were reclassified from Level 1 to Level 2 and approximately $1.1 million were reclassified from Level 2 to Level 1. The Company reclassified approximately $1.8 million of other fair value investments, recorded in other assets, from Level 1 to Level 2.
 
 
 
20

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, the Company reclassified approximately $1.1 million of financial instruments owned from Level 1 to Level 2 and reclassified approximately $3.4 million from Level 2 to Level 1.  Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased of approximately $2.0 million were reclassified from Level 1 to Level 2 and approximately $3.1 million were reclassified from Level 2 to Level 1.

Level 3 Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
 
The Company’s Level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities are comprised of delisted securities reported within financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased. The following tables report Level 3 activities for the three months ended March 31, 2014:
 
Financial assets—Level 3 activities:

Balance, January 1, 2014
$
            158
 
     Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
     
      - Included in earnings
 
                     30
 
    Purchases, issuances and settlements
 
                   (22
    Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
 
                     65
 
Balance, March 31, 2014
$
           231
 
 
Financial liabilities—Level 3 activities:
 
Balance, January 1, 2014
$
                  3
 
    Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
 
                       
 
      - Included in earnings
 
                       -
 
    Purchases, issuances and settlements
 
                     (2
)
    Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
 
                       -
 
Balance, March 31, 2014
$
                  1
 
 
There were no Level 3 activities, including transfers, for the three months ended March 31, 2013.
 
Trading Gains from Market Making Transactions
 
Trading gains, net from market making transactions reported in the statements of comprehensive income, by major product type, are comprised of:
 
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2014
     
2013
 
               
Equities
 $
    95,145
    $
    68,524
 
Fixed Income
 
           5,730
     
           7,768
 
Foreign Exchange
 
         26,637
     
       (57,325
Commodities
 
                  -
     
                27
 
               
Total Trading Gains
$
  127,512
    $
 18,994
 
 
These transactions are related to the Company’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased (all at fair value) and include both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments, including exchange traded options and futures. These gains and losses also include market making related dividend and fixed income trading interest income and expense.
 
 
 
21

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
The gains (losses) in the above table are not representative of the integrated trading strategies applied by the Company, which utilize financial instruments across various product types. Gains and losses in one product type frequently offset gains and losses in other product types.
 
Netting of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
 
The Company adopted the guidance in ASU 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities and ASU 2013- 01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities for periods beginning after January 1, 2013. This authoritative guidance requires companies to report disclosures of offsetting assets and liabilities.
 
The Company does not net securities segregated for regulatory purposes, and securities borrowed and securities loaned are presented on a gross basis in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. In the tables below, the amounts of derivative financial instruments owned that are not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, but could be netted against financial liabilities with specific counterparties under master netting agreements, including clearing houses (exchange traded options, warrants and discount certificates) or over the counter currency forward contract counterparties, are presented to provide financial statement readers with the Company’s estimate of its net exposure to counterparties for these derivative financial instruments.
 
The following table sets forth the netting of financial assets and of financial liabilities as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, pursuant to the requirements of ASU 2011-11 and ASU 2013-01 (millions).
 
   
March 31, 2014
                   
                       Gross Amounts Not Offset in the    
 
                       Condensed Consolidated Statement of    
 
                       Financial Condition      
        Gross Amounts   Net Amounts of    
 
             
        Offset in the   Assets Presented in            
 
     
   
 
  Condensed   the Condensed    
 
             
   Gross Amounts of   Consolidated   Consolidated    
 
             
    Recognized   Statement of   Statement of    
Financial
       Cash Collateral    
 
    Assets   Financial Condition   Financial Condition    
Instruments
     
Pledged
   
Net Amount
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
                               
    Securities segregated for regulatory purposes - purchased under agreements to resell 6,438.7 (1)      -      6,438.7         (6,438.7   -   -
Securities borrowed
 
                   2,846.5
   
                                 -
   
                        2,846.5
   
                  (2,793.3
   
                                 -
   
                         53.2
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
                     282.7
   
                                 -
   
                         282.7
   
                     (282.7
   
                                 -
   
                                    -
Financial Instruments owned:
                               
Options
 
                 1,418.1
   
                                 -
   
                           1,418.1
   
                  (1,350.8
   
                                 -
   
                             67.3
Warrants and discount certificates
 
                        75.1
   
                                 -
   
                              75.1
   
                         (1.1
   
                                 -
   
                               74.0
Currency forward contracts
 
                          3.8
   
                                 -
   
                                  3.8
   
                      -
     
                                 -
   
                                 3.8
Total
            11,064.9
 
                                 -
 
                     11,064.9
 
                (10,866.6
 
                                 -
 
                             198.3
                                     
                                     
                       Gross Amounts Not Offset in the    
 
                       Condensed Consolidated Statement of    
  
                       Financial Condition    
 
        Gross Amounts   Net Amounts of
 
             
        Offset in the   Liabilities Presented            
 
     
        Condensed   in the Condensed            
 
     
   Gross Amounts of   Consolidated   Consolidated
 
             
     Recognized   Statement of   Statement of    
 Financial
       Cash Collateral    
 
     Liabilities   Financial Condition   Financial Condition    
 Instruments
     
 Received
   
 Net Amount
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
                         
Securities loaned
                   2,931.2
 
                                 -
 
                           2,931.2
 
                  (2,918.2
 
                                 -
 
                       13.0
    Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
                   
Options
 
                   1,467.1
   
                                 -
   
                      1,467.1
   
                  (1,350.8
   
                                 -
   
                 116.3
Warrants and discount certificates
 
                          1.1
   
                                 -
   
                                1.1
   
                         (1.1
   
                                 -
   
                                    -
Currency forward contracts
 
                       0.6
   
                                 -
   
                                0.6
   
                        
     
                                 -
   
                            0.6
Total
                  4,400.0
 
                                 -
 
                          4,400.0
 
                  (4,270.1
 
                                 -
 
                       129.9
 
 
 
22

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)

   
December 31, 2013
                   
                       Gross Amounts Not Offset in the    
 
                       Condensed Consolidated Statement of    
 
                       Financial Condition      
        Gross Amounts   Net Amounts of    
 
             
        Offset in the   Assets Presented in            
 
     
   
 
  Condensed   the Condensed    
 
             
   Gross Amounts of   Consolidated   Consolidated    
 
             
    Recognized   Statement of   Statement of    
Financial
       Cash Collateral    
 
    Assets   Financial Condition   Financial Condition    
Instruments
     
Pledged
   
Net Amount
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
                               
    Securities segregated for regulatory purposes - purchased under agreements to resell 6,734.2 (1)     6,734.2   (6,734.2 )       -
Securities borrowed
 
                  2,751.5
   
                                 -
   
                         2,751.5
   
                  (2,694.6
   
                                 -
   
                            56.9
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
 
                      386.3
   
                                 -
   
                             386.3
   
                     (386.3
   
                                 -
   
                                    -
Financial Instruments owned:
                               
Options
 
                   1,880.5
   
                                 -
   
                       1,880.5
   
                  (1,652.8
   
                                 -
   
                             227.7
Warrants and discount certificates
 
                        57.4
   
                                 -
   
                               57.4
   
                         (1.2
   
                                 -
   
                               56.2
Currency forward contracts
 
                          5.7
   
                                 -
   
                                 5.7
   
               -
     
                                 -
   
                                 5.7
Total
                 11,815.6
 
                                 -
 
                        11,815.6
 
                (11,469.1
 
                                 -
 
                             346.5
                                     
                                     
                       Gross Amounts Not Offset in the    
 
                       Condensed Consolidated Statement of    
  
                       Financial Condition    
 
        Gross Amounts   Net Amounts of
 
             
        Offset in the   Liabilities Presented            
 
     
        Condensed   in the Condensed            
 
     
   Gross Amounts of   Consolidated   Consolidated
 
             
     Recognized   Statement of   Statement of    
 Financial
       Cash Collateral    
 
     Liabilities   Financial Condition   Financial Condition    
 Instruments
     
Received
   
 Net Amount
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
                         
Securities loaned
                   2,563.7
 
                                 -
 
                          2,563.7
 
                  (2,544.6
 
                                 -
 
                            19.1
    Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
                   
Options
 
                   1,793.2
   
                                 -
   
                          1,793.2
   
                  (1,652.8
   
                                 -
   
              140.4
Warrants and discount certificates
 
                          1.2
   
                                 -
   
                                 1.2
   
                         (1.2
   
                                 -
   
                                    -
Currency forward contracts
 
                          0.8
   
                                 -
   
                                 0.8
   
                        -
     
                                 -
   
                            0.8
Total
                   4,358.9
 
                                 -
 
                         4,358.9
 
                  (4,198.6
 
                                 -
 
                       160.3
 
                                                                                                            
 
(1)
As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company had $6.44 billion and $6.73 billion, respectively, of securities purchased under agreements to resell that were segregated to satisfy regulatory requirements. These securities are included in “Cash and securities—segregated for regulatory purposes” in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
 
7. Collateralized Transactions
 
The Company enters into securities borrowing and lending transactions and agreements to repurchase and resell securities to finance trading inventory, to obtain securities for settlement and to earn residual interest rate spreads. In addition, the Company’s customers pledge their securities owned to collateralize margin loans. Under these transactions, the Company either receives or provides collateral, including equity, corporate debt and U.S. government securities. Under many agreements, the Company is permitted to sell or repledge securities received as collateral and use these securities to secure repurchase agreements, enter into securities lending transactions or deliver these securities to counterparties to cover short positions.
 
The Company also engages in securities financing transactions with and for customers through margin lending. Customer receivables generated from margin lending activity are collateralized by customer-owned securities held by the Company. Customers’ required margin levels and established credit limits are monitored continuously by risk management staff using automated systems. Pursuant to Company policy and as enforced by such systems, customers are required to deposit additional collateral or reduce positions, when necessary to avoid automatic liquidation of their positions.
 
 
 
23

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
Margin loans are extended to customers on a demand basis and are not committed facilities. Factors considered in the acceptance or rejection of margin loans are the amount of the loan, the degree of leverage being employed in the customer account and an overall evaluation of the customer’s portfolio to ensure proper diversification or, in the case of concentrated positions, appropriate liquidity of the underlying collateral. Additionally, transactions relating to concentrated or restricted positions are limited or prohibited by raising the level of required margin collateral (to 100% in the extreme case). Underlying collateral for margin loans is evaluated with respect to the liquidity of the collateral positions, valuation of securities, volatility analysis and an evaluation of industry concentrations. Adherence to the Company’s collateral policies significantly limits the Company’s credit exposure to margin loans in the event of a customer’s default. Under margin lending agreements, the Company may request additional margin collateral from customers and may sell securities that have not been paid for or purchase securities sold but not delivered from customers, if necessary. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, approximately $14.41 billion and $13.60 billion, respectively, of customer margin loans were outstanding.
 
Amounts relating to collateralized transactions at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are summarized as follows (millions):
 
   
March 31, 2014
   
December 31, 2013
                       
   
Permitted
   
Sold or
   
Permitted
   
Sold or
   
to Repledge
   
Repledged
   
to Repledge
   
Repledged
                       
Securities lending transactions
$
    8,834.5
  $
           2,492.7
  $
         9,331.9
  $
         2,504.3
Agreements to resell (1)
 
               6,725.5
   
               6,694.9
   
               7,116.1
   
               7,099.6
Customer margin assets
 
             13,061.4
   
               5,721.9
   
             11,753.3
   
               4,602.9
  $
   28,621.4
  $
      14,909.5
  $
        28,201.3
  $
   14,206.8
                                                                                                           
 
(1)
At March 31, 2014, $6.44 billion or 96% (at December 31, 2013, $6.73 billion, or 95%), of securities acquired through agreements to resell that are shown as repledged have been deposited in a separate bank account for the exclusive benefit of customers in accordance with SEC Rule 15c3-3.
 
In the normal course of business, the Company pledges qualified securities with clearing organizations to satisfy daily margin and clearing fund requirements. At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the majority of the Company’s government securities owned were pledged to clearing organizations.
 
Financial instruments owned and pledged, including amounts pledged to affiliates, where the counterparty has the right to repledge, at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 consisted of the following (millions):
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
   
2014
   
2013
Stocks
$
         762.8
  $
         1,097.8
Warrants
 
                      0.2
   
                      0.2
U.S. and foreign government obligations
 
                    58.5
   
                    64.4
Corporate and municipal bonds
 
                      0.9
   
                      1.1
  $
             822.4
  $
         1,163.5

8. Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
 
On May 17, 2012, IBG LLC entered into a $100 million three-year senior secured revolving credit facility with Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent and Citibank, N.A., as syndication agent. This credit facility replaced a similar two-year facility that expired on May 18, 2012.
 
IBG LLC is the sole borrower under this credit facility. The facility’s interest rate is indexed to the overnight federal funds rate or to the British Bankers Association LIBOR rate for the relevant term, at the borrower’s option, and is secured by a first priority interest in all of the capital stock of each entity owned directly by IBG LLC (subject to customary limitations with respect to foreign subsidiaries). The facility may be used to finance working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including downstreaming funds to IBG LLC’s regulated broker-dealer subsidiaries as regulatory capital. This allows IBG LLC to take advantage of market opportunities when they arise, while maintaining substantial excess regulatory capital. The financial condition covenants contained in this credit facility include the following:
 
 
minimum consolidated shareholders’ equity, as defined, of $3.6 billion, with quarterly increases equal to 25% of positive consolidated net income;
 
 
maximum total debt to capitalization ratio of 30%;
 
 
minimum liquidity ratio of 1.0 to 1.0; and
 
 
maximum total debt to net regulatory capital ratio of 35%.
 
 
 
24

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
At March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, no borrowings were outstanding under this credit facility and IBG LLC was in compliance with all of the covenants. At maturity, subject to meeting certain terms of the facility, the Company will have an option to convert the facility to a one-year term loan.
 
9. Employee Incentive Plans
 
Return on Investment Dollar Units (“ROI Dollar Units”)
 
From 1998 through January 1, 2006, IBG LLC granted all non-member employees ROI Dollar Units, which are redeemable under the amended provisions of the plan, and in accordance with regulations issued by the Internal Revenue Service (Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code). Upon redemption, the grantee is entitled to accumulated earnings on the face value of the certificate, but not the actual face value. For grants made in 1998 and 1999, grantees may redeem the ROI Dollar Units after vesting on the fifth anniversary of the date of their grant and prior to the tenth anniversary of the date of their grant. For grants made between January 1, 2000 and January 1, 2005, grantees must elect to redeem the ROI Dollar Units upon the fifth, seventh or tenth anniversary date. These ROI Dollar Units have vested at the fifth anniversary of the date of their grant and will continue to accumulate earnings until the elected redemption date. For grants made on or after January 1, 2006, all ROI Dollar Units vested on the fifth anniversary date of their grant and were or will be automatically redeemed. Subsequent to the IPO, no additional ROI Dollar Units have been or will be granted, and non-cash compensation to employees will consist primarily of grants of shares of Common Stock as described below under “2007 Stock Incentive Plan.”
 
As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, payables to employees for ROI Dollar Units were $3.9 million and $5.6 million, respectively, all of which were vested. These amounts are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Compensation expense for the ROI Dollar Unit plan, included in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income was $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan
 
In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. adopted the Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan (the “ROI Unit Stock Plan”). Under this plan, certain employees of the Group who held ROI Dollar Units, at the employee’s option, elected to invest their ROI Dollar Unit accumulated earnings as of December 31, 2006 in shares of Common Stock. An aggregate of 1,271,009 shares of Common Stock (consisting of 1,250,000 shares issued under the ROI Unit Stock Plan and 21,009 shares under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, as described below), with a fair value at the date of grant of $38.1 million were issued to IBG LLC and held as treasury stock, to be distributed to employees in accordance with the following schedule and subject to the conditions below:
 
 
10% on the date of the IPO (or on the first anniversary of the IPO, in the case of U.S. ROI Unit holders who made the above-referenced elections after December 31, 2006); and
 
 
an additional 15% on each of the first six anniversaries of the date of the IPO, assuming continued employment with IBG, Inc. and compliance with other applicable covenants.
 
Of the fair value at the date of grant, $17.8 million represented the accumulated ROI Dollar Unit value elected to be invested by employees in Common Stock and such amount was accrued for as of December 31, 2006. The remainder is being ratably accrued as compensation expense by the Company from the date of the IPO over the requisite service period represented by the aforementioned distribution schedule
 
As of December 31, 2012, compensation costs for the ROI Unit Stock Plan had been fully accrued and as of December 31, 2013, all shares issued to current employees under the ROI Unit Stock Plan had been distributed.
 
2007 Stock Incentive Plan
 
Under the Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan” or “SIP”), up to 30.0 million shares (20.0 million shares at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013) of common stock may be granted and issued to directors, officers, employees, contractors and consultants of IBG, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  The 10.0 million increase in shares allocated to the SIP was approved by the Company’s Compensation Committee and Board of Directors in February 2014, and was approved by the stockholders at the Company’s 2014 Annual Meeting on April 24, 2014.  The purpose of the Stock Incentive Plan is to promote IBG, Inc.’s long-term financial success by attracting, retaining and rewarding eligible participants.
 
As a result of the Company’s organizational structure, a description of which can be found on page 4 of the Company’s 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC, there is no dilutive effect upon ownership of minority shareholders of issuing shares
 
 
25

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
under the Stock Incentive Plan.  The issuances do not dilute the book value the ownership of minority shareholders because a) the restricted stock units are granted at market value and b) upon their vesting and the related issuance of shares of Common Stock, the ownership of the Company in its operating subsidiary, IBG LLC, increases proportionately to the shares issued. As a result of such proportionate increase in share ownership, the dilution upon issuance of Common Stock is borne by IBG LLC’s majority shareholder (i.e., noncontrolling interest), IBG Holdings LLC, and not by the Company or its minority shareholders. Additionally, dilution of earnings that may take place after issuance of Common Stock is reflected in the earnings per share (“EPS”) reported in the Company’s financial statements. The EPS dilution can be neither estimated nor projected, but historically it has not been material.
 
The Stock Incentive Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of IBG, Inc.’s Board of Directors. The Compensation Committee has discretionary authority to determine which employees are eligible to participate in the Stock Incentive Plan and establishes the terms and conditions of the stock awards, including the number of awards granted to each employee and all other terms and conditions applicable to such awards in individual grant agreements. Awards are expected to be made primarily through grants of restricted Common Stock. Stock Incentive Plan awards are subject to issuance over time and may be forfeited upon an employee’s termination of employment or violation of certain applicable covenants prior to issuance, unless determined otherwise by the Compensation Committee.
 
The Stock Incentive Plan provides that, upon a change in control, the Compensation Committee may, at its discretion, fully vest any granted but not yet earned awards under the Stock Incentive Plan, or provide that any such granted but not yet earned awards will be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefore by the new employer on a substantially similar basis and on terms and conditions substantially comparable to those of the Stock Incentive Plan.
 
IBG, Inc. granted awards under the Stock Incentive Plan in connection with the IPO and is expected to continue to grant awards on or about December 31 of each year following the IPO, to eligible employees as part of an overall plan of equity compensation. Shares of common stock vest, and become distributable to employees in accordance with the following schedule:
 
 
10% on the first vesting date, which approximates the anniversary of the IPO; and
 
 
an additional 15% on each of the following six anniversaries of the first vesting, assuming continued employment with IBG, Inc. and compliance with non-competition and other applicable covenants.
 
Awards granted to external directors vest, and are distributed, over a five-year period (20% per year) commencing one year after the date of grant. A total of 20,423 shares have been granted to the external directors cumulatively since the IPO.
 
Stock Incentive Plan share grants (excluding 21,009 shares issued pursuant to the 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan above) and the related fair values at the date of grant were:
 
       
Fair Value at
       
 Date of Grant
 
Shares
   
($ millions)
         
In connection with IPO
                927,943
  $
                 27.8
July 31, 2007
                  16,665
   
                         0.4
December 31, 2007
             1,055,206
   
                       32.9
December 31, 2008
             2,065,432
   
                       35.6
December 31, 2009
             2,448,031
   
                       42.8
December 31, 2010
             2,513,738
   
                       43.2
December 31, 2011
             3,411,613
   
                       50.8
January 6, 2012
             1,215,866
   
                       18.4
December 31, 2012
             3,629,960
   
                       50.5
December 31, 2013
             1,894,046
   
                       46.2
 
           19,178,500
  $
          348.6

 
26

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
Estimated future grants under the Stock Incentive Plan are accrued for ratably during each year under the ASC 718 “Graded Vesting” method. In accordance with the vesting schedule, outstanding awards vest and are distributed to participants once each year on or about the Company’s IPO anniversary. At the end of each year, there are no vested awards that remain undistributed.
 
Compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income was $10.0 million and $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Estimated future compensation costs for unvested awards at March 31, 2014 are $36.7 million.
 
 
The following is a summary of stock plan activity for the three months ended March 31, 2014:
 
   
 Shares
 
   
2007 Stock
 
   
Incentive Plan
 
       
Balance, December 31, 2013
 
           11,647,117
 
       
Granted
 
                            -
 
Forfeited
 
                            -
 
Distributed (1)
 
                  (2,730
Balance, March 31, 2014
 
           11,644,387
 

                                                                                                            
 
 
(1)
Shares cumulatively distributed under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan include 14,843 shares from Treasury representing shares acquired at the IPO to satisfy obligations under the 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan.
 
Awards granted under the stock plans are subject to forfeiture in the event an employee ceases employment with the Company. The stock plans provide that employees who discontinue employment with the Company without cause and continue to meet the terms of the plans’ post-employment provisions will forfeit 50% of unvested previously granted awards unless the employee is over the age of 59, in which case the employee would be eligible to receive 100% of unvested awards previously granted. Distributions of remaining awards granted on or before January 1, 2009 to former employees will occur within 90 days of the anniversary of the termination of employment date over a five (5) year vesting schedule, 12.5% in each of the first four years and 50% in the fifth year. Distributions of remaining awards granted on or after January 1, 2010 to former employees will occur over the remaining vesting schedule applicable to each grant. Through March 31, 2014, a total of 93,496 shares have been distributed under these post-employment provisions. These distributions are included in the Stock Plans activity tables above.
 
10. Income Taxes
 
Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to the taxation treatment of income attributable to noncontrolling interests in IBG LLC.  These noncontrolling interests are subject to U.S. taxation as partnerships.  Accordingly, the income attributable to these noncontrolling interests is reported in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, but the related U.S. income tax expense attributable to these noncontrolling interests is not reported by the Company as it is the obligation of the individual partners.  Income tax expense is also affected by the differing effective tax rates in foreign, state and local jurisdictions where certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are subject to corporate taxation.
 
Deferred income taxes arise primarily due to the amortization of the deferred tax assets recognized in connection with the Common Stock offerings (Note 4), differences in the valuation of financial assets and liabilities, and for other temporary differences arising from the deductibility of compensation and depreciation expenses in different time periods for book and income tax return purposes. 
 
As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had no unrecognized tax liabilities as defined under ASC 740, Income Taxes and no valuation allowances on deferred tax assets were required. The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and various states and foreign jurisdictions. As of March 31, 2014, the Company’s tax returns for 2010 through 2013 are subject to examination by the respective tax authorities. As of March 31, 2014, the Company is open to U.S. Federal income tax examinations for the tax years 2010 through 2012, and to non U.S. income tax examinations for the tax years 2006 through 2012. In addition, the Company is open to state and local income tax examinations in various jurisdictions for the tax years 2009 through 2012.
 
 
27

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
At March 31, 2014, accumulated earnings held by non-U.S. subsidiaries totaled $1,078.6 million (at December 31, 2013 $1,072.9 million). Of this amount, approximately $398.5 million (at December 31, 2013 $422.3 million) is attributable to earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries that are considered “pass-through” entities for U.S. income tax purposes. Since the Company accounts for U.S. income taxes on these earnings on a current basis, no additional U.S. tax consequences would result from the repatriation of these earnings other than that which would be due arising from currency fluctuations between the time the earnings are reported for U.S. tax purposes and when they are remitted. With respect to certain of these subsidiaries’ accumulated earnings (approximately $300.4 million and $318.7 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively), repatriation would result in additional foreign taxes in the form of dividend withholding tax imposed on the recipient of the distribution or dividend distribution tax imposed on the payor of the distribution. The Company has not provided for its proportionate share of these additional foreign taxes as it does not intend to repatriate these earnings in the foreseeable future. For the same reason, the Company has not provided deferred U.S. tax on cumulative translation adjustments associated with these earnings.
 
The remainder of the accumulated earnings are attributable to non-U.S. subsidiaries that are not considered “pass-through” entities for U.S. tax purposes.  The Company’s U.S. tax basis in the stock of most of these entities exceeds its book basis. Establishing a deferred tax asset pursuant to ASC 740 is not permitted as this difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. In the instances in which the Company’s book basis exceeds its U.S. tax basis, no deferred tax liability has been established as the Company considers the earnings of those entities to be indefinitely reinvested.
 
11. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
 
In October 2013, a small number of the Company’s brokerage customers had taken relatively large positions in four stocks listed on the Singapore Exchange. In early October, within a very short timeframe, these securities lost over 90% of their value. The customer accounts were margined and fell into deficits totaling $64 million prior to the time the Company took possession of their securities positions. Through March 31, 2014, the Company has recognized a cumulative loss of approximately $77 million. The maximum aggregate loss, which would occur if the securities’ prices all fell to zero and none of the debts were collected, would be approximately $84 million. The Company is currently pursuing the collection of the debts. The ultimate effect of this incident on the Company’s results will depend upon market conditions and the outcome of the Company’s debt collection efforts.
 
Litigation
 
The Company is subject to certain pending and threatened legal actions which arise out of the normal course of business. Litigation is inherently unpredictable, particularly in proceedings where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages, or which are in their early stages. IBG, Inc. has not been able to quantify the actual loss or range of loss related to such legal proceedings, the manner in which they will be resolved, the timing of final resolution or the ultimate settlement. Management believes that the resolution of these actions will not have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s business or financial condition, but may have a material impact on the results of operations for a given period.
 
On February 3, 2010, Trading Technologies International, Inc. (“Trading Technologies”) filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, against Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., IBG LLC, Holdings, and Interactive Brokers LLC. Thereafter, Trading Technologies dismissed Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Holdings from the case, leaving only IBG LLC and Interactive Brokers LLC as defendants (“Defendants”). The operative complaint, as amended, alleges that the Defendants have infringed and continue to infringe twelve U.S. patents held by Trading Technologies. Trading Technologies is seeking, among other things, unspecified damages and injunctive relief. The case is in the early stages and discovery has yet to begin. While it is too early to predict the outcome of the matter, we believe we have meritorious defenses to the allegations made in the complaint and intend to defend ourselves vigorously against them. However, litigation is inherently uncertain and there can be no guarantee that the Company will prevail or that the litigation can be settled on favorable terms.
 
IBG, Inc. accounts for potential losses related to litigation in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, reserves provided for potential losses related to litigation matters were not material.
 
 
 
28

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
Guarantees
 
Certain of the Operating Companies provide guarantees to securities clearing houses and exchanges which meet the accounting definition of a guarantee under ASC 460, Guarantees. Under standard membership agreements, clearing house and exchange members are required to guarantee collectively the performance of other members. Under the agreements, if a member becomes unable to satisfy its obligations, other members would be required to meet shortfalls. In the opinion of management, the Operating Companies’ liability under these arrangements is not quantifiable and could exceed the cash and securities they have posted as collateral. However, the potential for these Operating Companies to be required to make payments under these arrangements is remote. Accordingly, no contingent liability is carried in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for these arrangements.
 
In connection with its retail brokerage business, IB LLC or other electronic brokerage Operating Companies perform securities and commodities execution, clearance and settlement on behalf of their customers for whom they commit to settle trades submitted by such customers with the respective clearing houses. If a customer fails to fulfill its settlement obligations, the respective Operating Company must fulfill those settlement obligations. No contingent liability is carried on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for such customer obligations.
 
Other Commitments
 
Certain clearing houses and clearing banks and firms used by certain Operating Companies are given a security interest in certain assets of those Operating Companies held by those clearing organizations. These assets may be applied to satisfy the obligations of those Operating Companies to the respective clearing organizations.
 
12. Segment and Geographic Information
 
IBG, Inc. operates in two business segments: electronic brokerage and market making. IBG, Inc. conducts its electronic brokerage business through its Interactive Brokers subsidiaries, which provide electronic execution and clearing services to customers worldwide. The Company conducts its market making business principally through its Timber Hill subsidiaries on the world’s leading exchanges and market centers, primarily in exchange-traded equities, equity options and equity-index options and futures.
 
Significant transactions and balances between the Operating Companies occur, primarily as a result of certain Operating Companies holding exchange or clearing organization memberships, which are utilized to provide execution and clearing services to affiliates. Charges for transactions between segments are designed to approximate full costs.  Intra-segment and intra-region income and expenses and related balances have been eliminated in this segment and geographic information to reflect the external business conducted in each segment or geographical region. Corporate items include non-allocated corporate income and expenses that are not attributed to segments for performance measurement, corporate assets and eliminations.
 
Management believes that the following information by business segment provides a reasonable representation of each segment’s contribution to total net revenues and income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and to total assets as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (millions):
 
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2014
     
2013
 
Net revenues:
             
Electronic brokerage
$
        223.7
    $
                195.3
 
Market making
 
                    133.1
     
                      23.6
 
Corporate and eliminations
 
                      (1.9
   
                      (2.8
Total net revenues
$
              354.9
    $
              216.1
 
               
Income before income taxes:
             
Electronic brokerage
$
           134.3
    $
              111.0
 
Market making
 
                      88.1
     
                    (29.0
Corporate and eliminations
 
                      (4.3
   
                        0.2
 
Total income before income taxes
$
        218.1
    $
              82.2
 

 
 
29

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
   
March 31,
     
December 31,
 
   
2014
     
2013
 
Assets:
             
Electronic brokerage
$
    33,021.1
    $
       31,333.5
 
Market making
 
               12,330.4
     
               12,139.5
 
Corporate and eliminations
 
               (6,371.1
   
               (5,602.3
        Total assets
$
      38,980.4
    $
       37,870.7
 
 
The Company operates its automated global business in U.S. and international markets on more than 100 exchanges and market centers. A significant portion of IBG, Inc.’s net revenues are generated by subsidiaries operating outside the United States. International operations are comprised of electronic brokerage and market making activities in 24 countries in Europe, Asia and the Americas (outside the United States). The following table presents total net revenues and income before income taxes by geographic area for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013 (millions):
 
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2014
     
2013
 
Net revenues:
             
United States
$
           282.8
    $
         138.6
 
International
 
                      74.3
     
                      80.2
 
Corporate and eliminations
 
                      (2.2
   
                      (2.7
Total net revenues
$
              354.9
    $
              216.1
 
               
Income before income taxes:
             
United States
$
              197.0
    $
           51.9
 
International
 
                      25.7
     
                      29.9
 
Corporate and eliminations
 
                      (4.6
   
                        0.4
 
Total income before income taxes
$
            218.1
    $
                 82.2
 

13. Regulatory Requirements
 
At March 31, 2014, aggregate excess regulatory capital for all of the Operating Companies was $3.26 billion.
 
TH LLC and IB LLC are subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Exchange Act and the CFTC’s minimum financial requirements (Regulation 1.17), and THE is subject to the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority eligible equity requirement. Additionally, THSHK is subject to the Hong Kong Securities Futures Commission liquid capital requirement, THA is subject to the Australian Stock Exchange liquid capital requirement, THC and IBC are subject to the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada risk adjusted capital requirement, IBUK is subject to the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority  Capital Requirements Directive, IBI is subject to the National Stock Exchange of India net capital requirements and IBSJ is subject to the Japanese Financial Supervisory Agency capital requirements. The following table summarizes capital, capital requirements and excess regulatory capital (millions):
 
   
Net Capital/
           
   
Eligible Equity
   
Requirement
   
Excess
IB LLC
$
    2,085.7
  $
313.1
  $
   1,772.6
TH LLC
 
                  560.6
   
                56.2
   
              504.4
THE
 
                  708.5
   
              191.6
   
              516.9
 Other regulated Operating Companies
 
                  502.7
   
                41.0
   
              461.7
  $
      3,857.5
  $
601.9
  $
      3,255.6

 
 
30

 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(dollars in thousands, except shares and per share amounts, unless otherwise noted)
 
Regulatory capital requirements could restrict the Operating Companies from expanding their business and declaring dividends if their net capital does not meet regulatory requirements. Also, certain entities within IBG, Inc. are subject to other regulatory restrictions and requirements.
 
At March 31, 2014, all of the regulated Operating Companies were in compliance with their respective regulatory capital requirements.
 
14. Related Party Transactions
 
Receivable from affiliate represents amounts advanced to Holdings and payable to affiliate represents amounts payable to Holdings under the Tax Receivable Agreement (Note 4).
 
Included in receivables from and payables to customers in the accompanying  condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 were accounts receivable from directors, officers and their affiliates of $0.5 million and $0.4 million and payables of $383.0 million and $815.5 million, respectively.
 
15. Subsequent Events
 
As required by ASC 855, Subsequent Events, the Company has evaluated subsequent events for adjustment to or disclosure in its condensed consolidated financial statements through the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued.
 
No recordable or disclosable events, not otherwise reported in these financial statements or the notes thereto, occurred.
 


*****

 
 
 

 
31

 

ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes in Item 1, included elsewhere in this report.  In addition to historical information, the following discussion also contains forward-looking statements that include risks and uncertainties.  Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 3, 2014 and elsewhere in this report.

Introduction
 
IBG, Inc. is a holding company whose primary asset is ownership of approximately 13.6% of the membership interests of the Group.

We are an automated global electronic broker and market maker specializing in executing and clearing trades in securities, futures, foreign exchange instruments, bonds and mutual funds on more than 100 electronic exchanges and trading venues around the world and offering custody, prime brokerage, stock and margin borrowing services to our customers.  Since our inception in 1977, we have focused on developing proprietary software to automate broker-dealer functions.  The advent of electronic exchanges in the last 24 years has provided us with the opportunity to integrate our software with an increasing number of exchanges and trading venues into one automatically functioning, computerized platform that requires minimal human intervention.

Business Segments

The Company reports its results in two business segments, electronic brokerage and market making.  These segments are analyzed separately as we derive our revenues from these two principal business activities as well as allocate resources and assess performance.

 
·
Electronic Brokerage.  We conduct our electronic brokerage business through our Interactive Brokers (“IB”) subsidiaries.  As an electronic broker, we execute, clear and settle trades globally for both institutional and individual customers.  Capitalizing on the technology originally developed for our market making business, IB’s award-winning systems provide our customers with the capability to monitor multiple markets around the world simultaneously and to execute trades electronically in these markets at a low cost, in multiple products and currencies from a single trading account.  We offer our customers access to all classes of tradable, exchange-listed products, including stocks, bonds, options, futures, forex and mutual funds traded on more than 100 exchanges and market centers and in 23 countries around the world seamlessly.

Our customer base is diverse, with respect to geography and segments.  Currently, more than half of our customers are located outside the U.S., residing in over 190 countries.  More than 50% of our customers’ equity is from institutional accounts, including hedge funds, financial advisors, proprietary trading desks and introducing brokers.  We have developed specialized products and services that have been successful in attracting these accounts.  For example, we offer prime brokerage services including capital introduction and securities lending to hedge funds; and our model portfolio technology, automated share allocation and rebalancing tools are particularly attractive to financial advisors.  We provide a host of analytical tools, such as the Probability Lab which allows our customers to analyze option strategies under various market assumptions.  The IB Money Manager Marketplace allows wealth advisors to search for money managers and assign them to client accounts based on their investment strategy.  In addition, IBEmployeeTrackSM is widely used by compliance officers of financial institutions to streamline the process of tracking their employees’ brokerage activities.

We also provide information services through the Interactive Brokers Information System (“IBIS”).  IBIS offers subscribers and our brokerage customers a robust suite of informational tools at a fraction of the cost of traditional research platforms.  It includes live quotes, newswire feeds, calendars of economic and earnings events, fundamental research data, charts and more in an interface that can be configured to customers’ needs.  IBIS is available to our cleared customers free of charge.

 
·
Market Making.  We conduct our market making business through our Timber Hill subsidiaries.  As one of the largest market makers on many of the world’s leading exchanges, we provide liquidity by offering competitively tight bid/offer spreads over a broad base of over 894,000 tradable, exchange-listed products.  As principal, we commit our own capital and derive revenues or incur losses from the difference between the price paid when securities are bought and the price received when those securities are sold.  Because we provide continuous bid and offer quotations and we are continuously both buying and selling quoted securities, we may have either a long or a short position in a particular product at a given point in time.  Our entire portfolio is evaluated each second and continuously rebalanced throughout the trading day, minimizing the risk of our portfolio at all times.  This real-time rebalancing of our portfolio, together with our real-time proprietary risk management system, enables us to curtail risk and to be profitable in both up-market and down-market scenarios.

  When we use the terms “we,” “us,” and “our,” we mean IBG, Inc. and its subsidiaries for the periods presented.
 
 
 
32

 


 

Executive Overview

First Quarter Results:  Diluted earnings per share on a comprehensive basis were $0.35 for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to comprehensive diluted earnings per share of $0.06 for the same period in 2013.

Reported results on a comprehensive basis reflect the GAAP convention that requires the reporting of currency translation results contained in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) as part of reportable earnings.
 
Currency translation effects are largely a result of our currency strategy.  We have determined to base our net worth in GLOBALs, a self-defined basket of currencies in which we maintain our equity.  As a result, approximately 62% of our equity is denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars1.  The effects of our currency strategy appear in two places in the financial statements: (1) as a component of trading gains in the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income and (2) as OCI in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition.  As described above, the full effect of the GLOBAL is captured in comprehensive income.
 
On a non-comprehensive basis, which excludes the effect of changes in the U.S. dollar value of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries, diluted earnings per share were $0.34 for the three months ended March 31, 2014, as compared to $0.14 for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

Consolidated:  For the three months ended March 31, 2014, our net revenues were $354.9 million and income before income taxes was $218.1 million, as compared to net revenues of $216.1 million and income before income taxes of $82.2 million for the corresponding period in 2013.  This increase was driven by higher trading gains, commissions and execution fees and net interest income.  Commissions and execution fees increased from the year-ago quarter, reflecting growth in customer accounts and higher average trading activity per customer.  The increase in trading gains was a result of an improved market making environment marked by higher volatility and higher actual to implied volatility.  As a result of the weakening of the U.S. dollar and our currency diversification strategy, currency translation increased trading gains by $20.9 million this quarter compared to a loss of $60.8 million in the year-ago quarter.  Our pretax margin for the three months ended March 31, 2014 was 61%, as compared to 38% for the corresponding period in 2013.

Brokerage:  During the three months ended March 31, 2014, income before income taxes in our electronic brokerage segment increased 21%, to $134.3 million from $111.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2013, driven by increased commissions and execution fees and higher net interest income.  Commissions increased by 14% from the year-ago quarter on higher customer volume in options, futures and stocks, continued account growth and higher average trading activity per customer.  Total customer Daily Average Revenue Trades (“DARTs”) increased by 25% from the same period last year.  The increase in net interest income was attributable to higher net interest earned on larger customer cash and margin balances compared to the year-ago period as well as an increase in net fees earned from securities borrowed and loaned transactions.  Customer equity grew by 38%, to $49.0 billion, from the year-ago quarter2.  Pretax margin increased from 57% to 60% for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2014, respectively, as we continue to leverage our highly automated brokerage model.

Market Making:  During the three months ended March 31, 2014, income before income taxes in our market making segment increased to $88.1 million from a loss of $29.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2013.  This reflects a $108.5 million increase in trading gains from the year-ago quarter.  Removing the effects of currency translation, the Market Making segment produced $67.2 million pretax income in this quarter, compared to $31.8 million for the same period last year.  Trading gains were driven by increased volatility as measured by the CBOE Volatility Index, or VIX® and a higher actual to implied volatility ratio.
 

 
1 For a full description of our currency strategy, please see pages 50 – 51, Foreign Currency Exposure.
 
2 Approximately 8% of the $13.4 billion increase in customer equity was due to the reclassification of certain related accounts from “non-customer” to “customer”, which are regulatory distinctions.
 
 
33

 

Execution and clearing expenses were 25% lower during the three months ended March 31, 2014 than in the year-ago quarter due to lower options trading volume, which was down 17% from the year-ago quarter.  Pretax margin increased to 66% in the first quarter of 2014 from negative 123% in the corresponding period of 2013.
 
The following tables present historical trading volumes for our business.  Volumes are among several drivers in our business.
 
TRADE VOLUMES:
(in 000’s, except %)
 
         
Brokerage
       
 
Market
 
Brokerage
 
Non
     
Avg. Trades
 
Making
%
Cleared
%
Cleared
%
Total
%
per U.S.
Period
Trades
Change
Trades
Change
Trades
Change
Trades
Change
Trading Day
2010
            75,169
 
     133,658
 
       18,732
 
     227,559
 
               905
2011
            63,602
-15%
     160,567
20%
       19,187
2%
     243,356
7%
               968
2012
            60,421
-5%
     150,000
-7%
       16,118
-16%
     226,540
-7%
               904
2013
            65,320
8%
     173,849
16%
       18,489
15%
     257,658
14%
            1,029
                   
1Q2013
            16,567
 
       39,576
 
         4,350
 
       60,493
 
            1,008
1Q2014
            15,643
-6%
       50,727
28%
         4,862
12%
       71,232
18%
            1,168

CONTRACT AND SHARE VOLUMES:
(in 000’s, except %)

TOTAL
 
             
 
Options
%
Futures
%
Stocks
%
Period
(contracts)
Change
(contracts)
Change
(shares)
Change
2010
     678,856
 
       96,193
 
    84,469,874
 
2011
     789,370
16%
     106,640
11%
    77,730,974
-8%
2012
     698,140
-12%
       98,801
-7%
    65,872,960
-15%
2013
     659,673
-6%
     121,776
23%
    95,479,739
45%
             
1Q2013
     167,090
 
       28,563
 
    21,654,862
 
1Q2014
     161,578
-3%
       30,661
7%
    44,707,956
106%

MARKET MAKING
 
 
Options
%
Futures
%
Stocks
%
Period
(contracts)
Change
(contracts)
Change
(shares)
Change
2010
     435,184
 
       15,371
 
    19,165,000
 
2011
     503,053
16%
       15,519
1%
    11,788,769
-38%
2012
     457,384
-9%
       12,660
-18%
      9,339,465
-21%
2013
     404,490
-12%
       18,184
44%
    12,849,729
38%
             
1Q2013
     106,840
 
         4,352
 
      2,991,476
 
1Q2014
       89,079
-17%
         4,575
5%
      2,958,853
-1%

Note:
                                                                                                            
 
  1.
     Futures contract volume includes options on futures

 
34

 
 
CONTRACT AND SHARE VOLUMES, continued:
(in 000’s, except %)

BROKERAGE TOTAL
 
 
Options
%
Futures
%
Stocks
%
Period
(contracts)
Change
(contracts)
Change
(shares)
Change
2010
     243,672
 
       80,822
 
    65,304,874
 
2011
     286,317
18%
       91,121
13%
    65,942,205
1%
2012
     240,756
-16%
       86,141
-5%
    56,533,495
-14%
2013
     255,183
6%
     103,592
20%
    82,630,010
46%
             
1Q2013
       60,250
 
       24,211
 
    18,663,386
 
1Q2014
       72,499
20%
       26,086
8%
    41,749,103
124%
 
BROKERAGE CLEARED

 
Options
%
Futures
%
Stocks
%
Period
(contracts)
Change
(contracts)
Change
(shares)
Change
2010
     103,054
 
       79,144
 
    62,077,741
 
2011
     145,993
42%
       89,610
13%
    63,098,072
2%
2012
     144,539
-1%
       84,794
-5%
    54,371,351
-14%
2013
     180,660
25%
     101,732
20%
    78,829,785
45%
             
1Q2013
       41,850
 
       23,757
 
    17,868,548
 
1Q2014
       54,367
30%
       25,694
8%
    40,576,558
127%

Note:
                                                                                                            
 
  1.
     Futures contract volume includes options on futures

BROKERAGE STATISTICS:
(in 000’s, except % and where noted)

 
1Q2014
1Q2013
% Change
   Total Accounts
                                252
                                217
16%
   Customer Equity (in billions) *
$49.0
$35.6
38%
       
   Cleared DARTs
                                527
                                422
25%
   Total Customer DARTs
                                582
                                465
25%
       
Cleared Customers (in $'s, except DART per account)
     
   Commission per DART
$4.14
$4.61
-10%
   DART per Avg. Account (Annualized)
                                539
                                496
9%
   Net Revenue per Avg. Account (Annualized)
$3,661
$3,741
-2%

                                                                                                            
 
* Excludes non-customers.  Approximately 8% of the $13.4 billion increase in customer equity was due to the reclassification of certain related accounts from “non-customer” to “customer”, which are regulatory distinctions.

 
 
35

 

Business Environment
 
This year has a strong start with positive trends in the operating environment benefiting both our brokerage and market making businesses.  Higher global, exchange-traded volumes contributed to record customer trading activity this quarter, solidifying our position as the largest U.S. electronic broker as measured by number of customer revenue trades.  Our high level of automation allowed us to realize economies of scale that resulted in our highest to date quarterly brokerage pre-tax profit margin of 60%.
 
Customer referrals and focused marketing efforts contributed to record levels of new account additions in the first quarter.  We ended the quarter with 252,000 accounts, up 16% from the prior year.  International customers are an increasing part of our business: currently over 55% of our customers reside outside the U.S.  Our substantial level of excess regulatory capital gives us necessary credibility for attracting institutional customers.  In addition, our low cost platform appeals to institutional customers, financial advisors, hedge funds, introducing brokers and proprietary trading groups.
 
Customer equity increased 38%, driven by new accounts and, in part, from higher market values.  The S&P 500 Index climbed 19% over its year-ago level.  The average equity per account was $195,000 at the end of this quarter.
 
Customers continued to take advantage of our low margin lending rates, which are tied to the Fed Funds rate and ranged from 0.5% to 1.58% during the first quarter.  Our margin balances reached a record high of $14.4 billion, an increase of 30% over the prior year, which contributed to an increase in net interest income of 23% over the same time period.
 
The environment was positive for our market making business this quarter.  Volatility levels were driven higher early in the quarter due to a range of fundamental investor concerns, including emerging market currencies, continued signs of economic slowdown, particularly in the U.S. and China, and the Federal Reserve’s tapering of its quantitative easing policy.
 
The following is a summary of the key profit drivers that affect our business and how they compared to the prior year:
 
Global trading volumes.  According to data received from exchanges worldwide, volumes in exchange-listed equity-based options increased by approximately 1% globally and 9.7% in the U.S. for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, as compared to the same period last year.  During the first quarter of 2014 (2013) we accounted for approximately 9.0% (9.4%) of the exchange-listed equity-based options (including options on ETFs and stock index products) volume traded worldwide and approximately 11.6% (12.0%) of exchange-listed equity-based options volume traded in the U.S.  It is important to note that this metric is not directly correlated with our profits.
 
Volatility.  Our market making profits are generally correlated with market volatility since we typically maintain an overall long volatility position, which protects us against a severe market dislocation in either direction. Based on the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index (“VIX®”), the average volatility level rose to 14.8 during the first quarter, 10% higher than it was during the first quarter of 2013.
 
The ratio of actual to implied volatility is also meaningful to our results. Because the cost of hedging our positions is based on implied volatility, while our trading profits are, in part, based on actual market volatility, a higher ratio is generally favorable and a lower ratio generally has a negative effect on our trading gains. This ratio averaged approximately 81% during the first quarter of 2014, about 6% higher than it was in the first quarter of 2013.
 
Currency fluctuations.  As a global market maker trading on exchanges around the world in multiple currencies, we are exposed to foreign currency risk. We actively manage this exposure using hedging strategies that are based on a defined basket of 16 currencies we call the “GLOBAL”.  These strategies minimize the variance of our net worth as expressed in GLOBALs, thereby diversifying our risk in alignment with these global currencies and our view of their importance. Because we report our financial results in U.S. dollars, the change in the value of the GLOBAL to the U.S. dollar affects our earnings. The value of the GLOBAL, as measured in U.S. dollars, at March 31, 2014 rose 0.4% compared to its value at December 31, 2013. This increase had a positive impact on our comprehensive earnings in the first quarter.  A discussion of our approach to managing foreign currency exposure is contained in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

See the tables on pages 34-35 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional details regarding our trade volumes, contract and share volumes and brokerage statistics.
 
 
 
36

 

Certain Trends and Uncertainties
 
We believe that our continuing operations may be favorably or unfavorably impacted by the following trends that may affect our financial condition and results of operations.
 
 
Over the past several years, the effects of market structure changes, competition (in particular, from high frequency traders, or HFTs) and market conditions have, during certain periods, exerted downward pressure on bid/offer spreads realized by market makers.
 
 
Retail broker-dealer participation in the equity markets has fluctuated over the past few years due to investor sentiment, market conditions and a variety of other factors. Retail transaction volumes may not be sustainable and are not predictable.
 
 
In recent years, in an effort to improve the quality of their executions as well as increase efficiencies, market makers have increased the level of automation within their operations, which may allow them to compete more effectively with us.
 
 
Scrutiny of equity and option market makers, hedge funds and soft dollar practices by regulatory and legislative authorities has increased. New legislation or modifications to existing regulations and rules could occur in the future.
 
 
Additional consolidation among market centers may adversely affect the value of our smart routing software.
 
 
A driver of our market making profits is the relationship between actual and implied volatility in the equities markets. The cost of maintaining our conservative risk profile is based on implied volatility, while our profitability, in part, is based on actual volatility. Hence, our profitability is increased when actual volatility runs above implied volatility and it is decreased when actual volatility falls below implied volatility. Implied volatility tends to lag actual volatility.
 
See “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 3, 2014 and elsewhere in this report for a discussion of other risks that may affect our financial condition and results of operations.


 
37

 

Results of Operations

The tables in the period comparisons below provide summaries of our revenues and expenses.  The period-to-period comparisons below of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.  The following table sets forth our condensed consolidated results of operations for the indicated periods:

     
Three Months
 
     
Ended March 31,
 
     
2014
 
2013
 
     
(in millions except share and per share data)
 
             
Revenues:
       
 
Trading gains
$127.5
 
$19.0
 
 
Commissions and execution fees
136.6
 
119.6
 
 
Interest income
86.0
 
70.5
 
 
Other income
19.1
 
19.9
 
             
   
Total revenues
369.2
 
229.0
 
             
 
Interest expense
14.3
 
12.9
 
             
   
Total net revenues
354.9
 
216.1
 
             
Non-interest expenses:
       
 
Execution and clearing
54.2
 
59.5
 
 
Employee compensation and benefits
53.5
 
46.3
 
 
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization
9.8
 
10.1
 
 
Communications
6.0
 
5.5
 
 
General and administrative
13.3
 
12.5
 
             
   
Total non-interest expenses
136.8
 
133.9
 
             
Income before income taxes
218.1
 
82.2
 
             
Income tax expense
16.9
 
6.9
 
             
Net income
201.2
 
75.3
 
             
 
Less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
182.1
 
68.7
 
             
Net income available for common shareholders
$19.1
 
$6.6
 
             
             
Earnings per share:
       
 
Basic
$0.35
 
$0.14
 
 
Diluted
$0.34
 
$0.14
 
             
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
       
 
Basic
54,664,225
 
47,499,898
 
 
Diluted
56,041,282
 
47,688,314
 
             
Comprehensive income:
       
 
Net income available for common stockholders
$19.1
 
$6.6
 
 
Other comprehensive income:
       
   
Cumulative translation adjustment, before income taxes
0.5
 
(3.8
   
Income taxes related to items of other comprehensive income
0.1
 
0.0
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
0.4
 
(3.8
)
Comprehensive income available for common stockholders
$19.5
 
$2.8
 
             
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests:
       
          Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
182.1
 
$68.7
 
          Other comprehensive income (loss) - cumulative translation adjustment
3.1
 
(27.6
)
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
$185.2
 
$41.1
 
             


 
38

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013

Net Revenues
 
Total net revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $138.8 million or 64%, to $354.9 million from $216.1 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to higher trading gains and increases in commissions and execution fees and net interest income. Trading volume is an important driver of revenues and costs for both our electronic brokerage and market making segments. During the quarter ended March 31, 2014 our volumes in options decreased 3% from prior year levels while futures contracts and stock shares volumes increased 7% and 106%, respectively.
 
Trading Gains.  Trading gains for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $108.5 million, or 571%, to $127.5 million from $19.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2013.  Removing the effects of currency translation, the Market Making segment produced $106.6 million in trading gains in the quarter ended March 31, 2014, compared to $79.8 million in trading gains for the same period last year.  As market makers, we provide liquidity by buying from sellers and selling to buyers. During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, our market making operations executed 15.6 million trades, a decrease of 6% as compared to the number of trades executed in the quarter ended March 31, 2013.  Market Making futures contract volume increased 5% while option contracts and stock shares volumes decreased 17% and 1%, respectively, as compared to the year-ago quarter.  The increase in trading gains was aided by an $81.7 million increase in currency translation gains.  Trading gains reflected a currency translation gain of $20.9 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2014, compared to a $60.8 million loss in first quarter of 2013. As part of managing our overall exposure to foreign currency fluctuations, we maintain our capital in a basket of currencies we call the GLOBAL.  A discussion of our approach to managing foreign currency exposure is contained in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”
 
Trading gains were positively impacted by a market making environment with increased volatility and a higher ratio of actual-to-implied volatility. The VIX®, which measures perceived U.S. equity market volatility, increased by10% in the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the year-ago quarter. As a result, our trading gains, after removing the effects of currency translation, were approximately 34% higher than first quarter of 2013.
 
Included in trading gains are net dividends. Dividend income and expense arise from holding market making positions over dates on which dividends are paid to shareholders of record. When a stock pays a dividend, its market price is generally adjusted downward to reflect the value paid, which will not be received by those who purchase stock after the ex-dividend date. Hence, the apparent gains and losses due to these price changes, reflecting the value of dividends paid to shareholders, must be taken together with the dividends paid and received, respectively, to accurately reflect the results of our market making operations.
 
Commissions and Execution Fees.  Commissions and execution fees for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $17.0 million, or 14%, to $136.6 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013, driven by continued customer account growth and increased customer activity. Cleared customer options, futures and stock volumes increased 30%, 8% and 127%, respectively. Total DARTs for cleared and execution-only customers for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased 25% to approximately 582,000, as compared to approximately 465,000 during the quarter ended March 31, 2013. Average commission per DART for cleared customers, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, decreased by 10% to $4.14, as compared to $4.61 for the quarter ended March 31, 2013. DARTs for cleared customers, i.e., customers for whom we execute trades as well as clear and carry positions, increased 25% to approximately 527,000, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, as compared to approximately 422,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2013.
 
Interest Income and Interest Expense.  Net interest income (interest income less interest expense) for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $14.1 million, or 24%, to $71.7 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The increase in net interest income was driven by higher customer cash and margin balances and higher net fees earned from securities borrowed and loaned transactions.
 
Net interest income on customer balances increased $6.3 million compared to the year-ago quarter. Average customer cash balances increased by 24%, to $26.62 billion, while average customer fully secured margin borrowings increased 36% to $14.79 billion, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, as compared to $21.43 billion and $10.92 billion, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The average Fed Funds effective rate decreased by approximately seven basis points to 0.07% for the quarter ended March 31, 2014.
 
 


 
39

 
 
We earn fees on securities loaned and borrowed to support customer long and short stock holdings in margin accounts.  In addition, our Stock Yield Enhancement Program provides an opportunity for customers with fully-paid stock to allow IB to lend it out. In exchange for lending out their stock, our customers receive 50% of the stock loan fees. IB places cash collateral securing the loans in the customer’s account.
 
In the market making segment, as a result of the way we have integrated our market making and securities lending systems, our trading income and our net interest income are interchangeable and depend on the mix of market making positions in our portfolio. When implied interest rates in the equity and equity options and futures markets exceed the actual interest rates available to us, our market making systems tend to buy stock and sell it forward, which produces higher trading gains and lower net interest income. When these rates are inverted, our market making systems tend to sell stock and buy it forward, which produces lower trading gains and higher net interest income.
 
Average securities borrowed decreased by 12%, to $2.95 billion and average securities loaned increased by 36%, to $2.80 billion, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 from the same period last year. Net interest earned from securities borrowed and loaned is also affected by the level of demand for securities positions held by our market making companies and by our customers. During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, net fees earned by our brokerage and market making segments from securities borrowed and loaned transactions increased by 38%, or $7.5 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013.  The bulk of the increase in securities borrowed and loaned transactions came from the brokerage segment.
 
Other Income.  Other income, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, decreased $0.8 million, or 4%, to $19.1 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013.
 
Non-Interest Expenses
 
Non-interest expenses, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, increased by $2.9 million, or 2%, to $136.8 million from $133.9 million, during the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The increase was primarily due to higher employee compensation and benefits expenses, partially offset by lower execution and clearing fees and lower general and administrative expenses in the market making segment. As a percentage of total net revenues, non-interest expenses decreased to 39% for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 from 62% in the year-ago quarter.
 
Execution and Clearing.  Execution and clearing expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, decreased $5.3 million, or 9%, to $54.2 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The decrease reflects lower options volume in the market making segment, partially offset by higher volume across product types in the electronic brokerage segment.
 
Employee Compensation and Benefits.  Employee compensation and benefits expenses, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, increased by $7.2 million, or 16%, to $53.5 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013, largely a result of higher expenses for software development. The number of employees increased 1% to 901 for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, as compared to 890 for the first quarter in 2013. Within the operating segments, we continued to add staff in electronic brokerage and reduce staff in market making. As we continue to grow, our focus on automation has allowed us to maintain a relatively small staff. As a percentage of total net revenues, employee compensation and benefits expenses were 15% and 21% for the quarters ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
 
General and Administrative.  General and administrative expenses, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, increased $0.8 million, or 6%, to $13.3 million, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to increases in advertising and professional services expenses.
 
 
40

 

Business Segments

The following table sets forth the net revenues and non-interest expenses and income before income taxes of our business segments:

 
     
Three Months
 
     
Ended March 31,
 
     
2014
   
2013
 
     
(in millions)
 
               
Electronic Brokerage
Net revenues
 
$223.7
   
$195.3
 
 
Non-interest expenses
 
89.4
   
84.3
 
               
 
Income before income taxes
 
$134.3
   
$111.0
 
               
 
Pre-tax profit margin
 
60
 
57
               
Market Making
Net revenues
 
$133.1
   
$23.6
 
 
Non-interest expenses
 
45.0
   
52.6
 
               
 
Income before income taxes
 
$88.1
   
($29.0
)
               
 
Pre-tax profit margin
 
66
 
-123
               
Corporate*
Net revenues
 
($1.9
 
($2.8
 
Non-interest expenses
 
2.4
   
(3.0
)
               
 
Income before income taxes
 
($4.3
)  
$0.2
 
               
Total
Net revenues
 
$354.9
   
$216.1
 
 
Non-interest expenses
 
136.8
   
133.9
 
               
 
Income before income taxes
 
$218.1
   
$82.2
 
               
 
Pre-tax profit margin
 
61
 
38
               
  
                                                                                                         
 
* Corporate includes corporate related activities as well as inter-segment eliminations.
 

The following sections discuss results of our operations by business segment, excluding a discussion of corporate income and expense.  In the following tables, revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining income before income taxes.  Due to the integrated nature of the business segments, estimates and judgments have been made in allocating certain revenue and expense items.  Transactions between segments generally result from one subsidiary facilitating the business of another subsidiary through the use of its existing trading memberships and clearing arrangements.  In such cases, certain revenue and expense items are eliminated to accurately reflect the external business conducted in each segment.  Rates on transactions between segments are designed to approximate full costs.  In addition to execution and clearing expenses, which are the main cost driver for both the market making segment and the electronic brokerage segment, each segment’s operating expenses include (i) employee compensation and benefits expenses that are incurred directly in support of the businesses, (ii) general and administrative expenses, which include directly incurred expenses for property leases, professional fees, travel and entertainment, communications and information services, equipment, and (iii) indirect support costs (including compensation and other related operating expenses) for administrative services provided by IBG LLC.  Such administrative services include, but are not limited to, computer software development and support, accounting, tax, legal and facilities management.


 
41

 

Electronic Brokerage
 
The following table sets forth the results of our electronic brokerage operations for the indicated periods:
 
       
Three Months
       
Ended March 31,
       
2014
 
2013
       
(in millions)
Revenues:
       
 
Commissions and execution fees
 
$136.6
 
$119.6
 
Interest income
 
72.3
 
59.4
 
Other income
 
21.3
 
22.2
             
   
Total revenues
 
230.2
 
201.2
             
 
Interest expense
 
6.5
 
5.9
             
   
Total net revenues
 
223.7
 
195.3
             
Non-interest expenses:
       
 
Execution and clearing
 
37.2
 
36.3
 
Employee compensation and benefits
 
19.8
 
19.1
 
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization
 
2.8
 
3.3
 
Communications
 
2.8
 
2.2
 
General and administrative
 
26.8
 
23.4
             
   
Total non-interest expenses
 
89.4
 
84.3
             
Income before income taxes
 
$134.3
 
$111.0

Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013

    Electronic brokerage total net revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $28.4 million, or 15%, to $223.7 million, from $195.3 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2013, primarily due to higher commissions and execution fees and higher net interest income. Commissions and execution fees increased $17.0 million, or 14%, attributable to higher cleared customer volume, which rose in options and futures contracts and stock shares by 30%, 8% and 127%, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 from the corresponding period in 2013. Total DARTs from cleared and execution-only customers for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased 25% to approximately 582,000, as compared to approximately 465,000 during the quarter ended March 31, 2013. DARTs from cleared customers for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased 25% to approximately 527,000, as compared to approximately 422,000 during the quarter ended March 31, 2013.
 
Net interest income increased $12.3 million, or 23% in the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the first quarter in 2013.  The increase in net interest income was attributable to an increase of $7.1 million in net fees from securities borrowed and loaned transactions as well as a $5.19 billion increase in average customer credit balances and an increase of $3.88 billion in average margin borrowings. The average Fed Funds effective rate decreased by approximately seven basis points to 0.07% for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 from the prior year quarter.
 
Electronic brokerage non-interest expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $5.1 million, or 6%, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013. Within non-interest expenses, execution and clearing expenses increased moderately by $0.9 million due to a large portion of our stock and option executions on exchanges and ECNs with make-or-take revenue models.  Employee compensation and benefits expenses increased by $0.7 million, or 4% during the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the first quarter in 2013. The increase in employee compensation and benefits expense reflects an average increase in the number of brokerage employees of 8%. General and administrative expenses increased $3.4 million, during the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the year-ago quarter, primarily due to increased advertising expenses and higher administrative and consulting fees. As a percentage of total net revenues, non-interest expenses decreased to 40% from 43% for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the corresponding period in 2013.
 

 
42

 

Market Making

The following table sets forth the results of our market making operations for the indicated periods:
 
       
Three Months
       
Ended March 31,
       
2014
 
2013
       
(in millions)
Revenues:
       
 
Trading gains
 
$127.5
 
$19.0
 
Interest income
 
13.7
 
11.6
 
Other income
 
0.1
 
0.3
             
   
Total revenues
 
141.3
 
30.9
             
 
Interest expense
 
8.2
 
7.3
             
   
Total net revenues
 
133.1
 
23.6
             
Non-interest expenses:
       
 
Execution and clearing
 
17.5
 
23.3
 
Employee compensation and benefits
 
11.2
 
9.3
 
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization
 
1.6
 
1.6
 
Communications
 
2.3
 
2.2
 
General and administrative
 
12.4
 
16.2
             
   
Total non-interest expenses
 
45.0
 
52.6
             
Income before income taxes
 
$88.1
 
($29.0)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2014 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013

Market making total net revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $109.5 million, or 464%, to $133.1 million, from $23.6 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2013. Trading gains for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased $108.5 million, or 571% from the year-ago quarter. As part of managing our overall exposure to foreign currency fluctuations, we maintain our capital in proportion to a basket of currencies we call the GLOBAL. The increase in trading gains was amplified by a currency translation gain of $20.9 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to a $60.8 million loss in the first quarter last year. A discussion of our approach to managing foreign currency exposure is contained in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”
 
Trading gains were positively impacted by a 10% increase in volatility, as measured by the VIX®, which increased to 14.8, as well as, a 6% increase in the ratio of actual to implied volatility for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to the year-ago period. As a result, our trading gains, after removing the effects of currency translation, were 34% higher than those of the year-ago quarter.
 
Market making options contract and stock share volumes decreased 17% and 1%, respectively, while futures contracts volume increased 5%, in the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared the year-ago quarter.
 
Net interest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 increased by $1.2 million, or 28%, to $5.5 million, driven by higher interest earned on firm cash balances and an increase in net fees earned from securities borrowed and loaned transactions. As described above, our trading gains and our net interest income are interchangeable and depend on the mix of market making positions in our portfolio and on relative interest rates in the stock and options markets. In the quarter ended March 31, 2014, these factors, together with securities lending activity, produced more net interest income than in the first quarter of 2013.
 
Market making non-interest expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2014 decreased $7.6 million, or 14%, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2013. The decrease primarily resulted from a $5.8 million decrease in execution and clearing fees and a $3.8 million decrease in general and administrative expenses during the quarter ended March 31, 2014 as compared to 2013. The decrease in execution and clearing fees was driven by lower options volume.  General and administrative expenses reflects a reduction in administrative and consulting fees, primarily software development, of $2.8 million from the year-ago quarter.  As a percentage of total net revenues, market making non-interest expenses were 34% and 223% for the quarters ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 
43

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
We maintain a highly liquid balance sheet.  The majority of our assets consist of exchange-listed marketable securities, which are marked-to-market daily, cash and securities segregated for customers, and collateralized receivables arising from customer-related and proprietary securities transactions.  Collateralized receivables consist primarily of securities borrowed, customer margin loans, receivables from clearing houses for settlement of securities transactions and securities purchased under agreements to resell.  At March 31, 2014, total assets were $38.98 billion of which approximately $38.53 billion, or 98.9%, were considered liquid and consisted predominantly of customers’ cash, collateralized receivables and marketable securities.

Daily monitoring of liquidity needs and available collateral levels is undertaken to help ensure that an appropriate liquidity cushion, in the form of unpledged collateral, is maintained at all times. Our ability to quickly reduce funding needs by balance sheet contraction without adversely affecting our core businesses and to pledge additional collateral in support of secured borrowings is continuously evaluated to ascertain the adequacy of our capital base.
 
We actively manage our excess liquidity and we maintain significant borrowing facilities through the securities lending markets and with banks. As a general practice, we maintain sufficient levels of cash on hand to provide us with a buffer should we need immediately available funds for any reason.
 
To provide additional liquidity and to further increase our regulatory capital reserves, we maintain a committed senior secured revolving credit facility from a syndicate of banks (see “Principal Indebtedness” below). As of March 31, 2014, we had no borrowings under these facilities.  Liability balances in connection with our payables to customers, securities loaned and short-term borrowings as of March 31, 2014 were higher than their respective average balances during the previous three months.
 
 Based on our current level of operations, we believe our cash flows from operations, available cash and available borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility will be adequate to meet our future liquidity needs for more than the next twelve months.
 
Cash and cash equivalents held by the Company’s non-U.S. operating companies at March 31, 2014 were $442.1 million ($421.2 million at December 31, 2013).  These funds are primarily intended to finance each individual Operating Company’s local operations, and thus would not be available to fund U.S. domestic operations unless repatriated through payment of dividends to IBG LLC.  The Company currently has no intention to repatriate further amounts from non-U.S. operating companies.  In the event dividends were to be paid to the Company in the future by a non-U.S. operating company, as occurred in connection with the special dividend in December 2010 and, in part, in December 2012, the Company would be required to accrue and pay income taxes on such dividends to the extent that U.S. income taxes had not been paid previously on the income of the paying company.
 
Historically, our consolidated equity has consisted primarily of accumulated retained earnings, which to date have been sufficient to fund our operations and growth.  Our consolidated equity increased to $5.24 billion at March 31, 2014 from $4.83 billion at March 31, 2013 as a result twelve months of comprehensive earnings partially offset by dividends paid during the last four quarters.
 

 
44

 

Cash Flows
 
The following table sets forth our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the periods indicated:
 

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2014
     
2013
 
   
(in millions)
 
               
Cash provided by operating activities
$
      (259.1
  $
        (208.9
Cash used in investing activities
 
                    87.5
     
                      7.1
 
Cash used in financing activities
 
                  (53.7
   
                (131.4
 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents  
                      3.5
     
                  (31.4
 Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $
          (221.8
  $
           (364.6

Our cash flows from operating activities are largely a reflection of the changes in customer cash and margin debit balances in our electronic brokerage business and the size and composition of trading positions held by our market making subsidiaries.  Our cash flows from investing activities are primarily related to capitalized internal software development, purchases and sales of memberships at exchanges where we trade and strategic investments in exchanges where such investments will enable us to offer better execution alternatives to our current and prospective customers, or create new opportunities for ourselves as market makers or where we can influence exchanges to provide competing products at better prices using sophisticated technology, and other non-market making securities.  Our cash flows from financing activities are comprised of short-term borrowings, long-term borrowings and capital transactions.  Short-term borrowings from banks are part of our daily cash management in support of operating activities.  Other borrowings provide us with flexible sources of excess liquidity and regulatory capital, including a committed three-year $100.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility from a syndicate of banks.  Capital transactions consist primarily of quarterly cash dividends paid to common stockholders, which commenced during the second quarter of 2011 and cash distributions paid to IBG Holdings LLC (“Holdings”).

Three months ended March 31, 2014:  Our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $221.8 million to $991.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014.  We used $259.1 million in net cash in operating activities.  Our investing and financing activities provided cash of $33.8 million primarily due to the sale of other investments, partially offset by dividends paid to Holdings and to common stockholders.

Three months ended March 31, 2013:  Our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $364.6 million to $1,016.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013.  We used $208.9 million in net cash in operating activities.  We used net cash of $124.3 million in our investing and financing activities primarily due to a decrease in short-term borrowings and dividends paid to Holdings and to common stockholders.

Regulatory Capital Requirements

Our principal operating subsidiaries are subject to separate regulation and capital requirements in the United States and other jurisdictions.  Timber Hill LLC and Interactive Brokers LLC are registered U.S. broker-dealers and futures commission merchants, and their primary regulators include the SEC, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and the National Futures Association.  Timber Hill Europe AG is registered to do business in Switzerland as a securities dealer and is regulated by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority.  Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Limited is subject to regulation by the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority.  Our various other operating subsidiaries are similarly regulated.

At March 31, 2014, aggregate excess regulatory capital for all of the Operating Companies was $3.26 billion.  The following table summarizes capital, capital requirements and excess regulatory capital (millions):
 
   
Net Capital/
           
   
Eligible Equity
   
Requirement
   
Excess
IB LLC
$
    2,085.7
  $
313.1
  $
   1,772.6
TH LLC
 
                  560.6
   
                56.2
   
              504.4
THE
 
                  708.5
   
              191.6
   
              516.9
 Other regulated Operating Companies
 
                  502.7
   
                41.0
   
              461.7
  $
      3,857.5
  $
601.9
  $
      3,255.6

 
45

 
 
At March 31, 2014, all of the Operating Companies were in compliance with their respective regulatory capital requirements.
 
For additional information regarding our net capital requirements see note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I , Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
 
Principal Indebtedness

IBG LLC is the borrower under a $100.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility, which had no balance outstanding as of March 31, 2014.

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility

On May 17, 2012, IBG LLC entered into a $100 million three-year senior secured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks.  This credit facility replaced a similar two-year facility that expired on May 17, 2012.  IBG LLC is the sole borrower under this credit facility.  The facility’s interest rate is indexed to the  British Bankers Association LIBOR rate or the overnight federal funds rate for the relevant term, at the borrower’s option, and is secured by a first priority interest in all of the capital stock of each entity owned directly by IBG LLC (subject to customary limitations with respect to foreign subsidiaries).  The facility may be used to finance working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including downstreaming funds to IBG LLC’s regulated broker-dealer subsidiaries as regulatory capital.  This allows IBG LLC to take advantage of market opportunities when they arise, while maintaining substantial excess regulatory capital.  The financial covenants contained in this credit facility are as follows:

 
·
minimum consolidated shareholders’ equity, as defined, of $3.6 billion, with quarterly increases equal to 25% of positive consolidated income;

·      maximum total debt to capitalization ratio of 30%;

·      minimum liquidity ratio of 1.0 to 1.0; and

·      maximum total debt to net regulatory capital ratio of 35%.

At March 31, 2014, IBG LLC was in compliance with all of the covenants of this credit facility.  At maturity, subject to meeting certain terms of the facility, the Company will have an option to convert the facility to a one-year term loan.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures are comprised of compensation costs of our software engineering staff for development of software for internal use and expenditures for computer, networking and communications hardware.  These expenditure items are reported as property and equipment.  Capital expenditures for property and equipment were approximately $4.7 million and $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.  We anticipate that our 2014 gross capital expenditures will be higher than in 2013 as we continue the expansion of our network, data center and backup facilities.  In the future, we plan to meet capital expenditure needs as we continue our focus on technology infrastructure initiatives to further enhance our competitive position. We anticipate that we will fund capital expenditures with cash from operations and cash on hand.  In response to changing economic conditions, we believe we have the flexibility to modify our capital expenditures by adjusting them (either upward or downward) to match our financial resources.  If we pursue any strategic acquisitions, we may incur additional capital expenditures.

Seasonality

Our businesses are subject to seasonal fluctuations, reflecting varying numbers of market participants at times during the year and varying numbers of trading days from quarter-to-quarter, including declines in trading activity due to holidays.  Typical seasonal trends may be superseded by market or world events, which can have a significant impact on prices and trading volume.

Inflation

Although we cannot accurately anticipate the effect of inflation on our operations, we believe that inflation has not impacted our operations for the three most recent years, and is not likely in the foreseeable future to have, a material impact on our results of operations.

 
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Strategic Investments and Acquisitions

We periodically engage in evaluations of potential strategic investments and acquisitions.  The Company holds strategic investments in electronic trading exchanges including: Boston Options Exchange, LLC; OneChicago LLC and CBOE Stock Exchange, LLC.
 
We intend to continue making acquisitions on an opportunistic basis, generally only when the acquisition candidate will, in our opinion, enable us to acquire either technology or customers faster than we could develop them on our own.  At March 31, 2014, there were no definitive agreements with respect to any material acquisition.

Certain Information Concerning Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

IBG, Inc. may be exposed to a risk of loss not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements for futures products, which represent obligations of the Company to settle at contracted prices, which may require repurchase or sale in the market at prevailing prices.  Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance sheet risk as IBG, Inc.’s cost to liquidate such futures contracts may exceed the amounts reported in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Critical Accounting Policies
 
Valuation of Financial Instruments
 
Due to the nature of our operations, substantially all of our financial instrument assets, comprised of financial instruments owned, securities purchased under agreements to resell, securities borrowed and receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are carried at fair value based on published market prices and are marked to market daily, or are assets which are short-term in nature and are reported at amounts approximating fair value. Similarly, all of our financial instrument liabilities that arise from financial instruments sold but not yet purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, securities loaned and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are short-term in nature and are reported at quoted market prices or at amounts approximating fair value. Our long and short positions are valued at either the last consolidated trade price or the last consolidated bid/offer mid-point (where applicable) at the close of regular trading hours, in their respective markets. Given that we manage a globally integrated market making portfolio, we have large and substantially offsetting positions in securities and commodities that trade on different exchanges that close at different times of the trading day. As a result, there may be large and anomalous swings in the value of our positions daily and, accordingly, in our earnings in any period. This is especially true on the last business day of each calendar quarter, although such swings tend to come back into equilibrium on the first business day of the succeeding calendar quarter.
 
Principles of Consolidation, including Noncontrolling Interests
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of IBG, Inc. and its majority and wholly owned subsidiaries. As sole managing member of IBG LLC, IBG, Inc. exerts control over the Group’s operations. In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, the Company consolidates the Group’s financial statements and records the interests in the Group that IBG, Inc. does not own as noncontrolling interests.
 
We are the sole managing member of IBG LLC and, as such, operate and control all of the business and affairs of IBG LLC and its subsidiaries and consolidate IBG LLC’s financial results into our financial statements. We hold approximately 13.6% ownership interest in IBG LLC. Holdings is owned by the original members of IBG LLC and holds approximately 86.4% ownership interest in IBG LLC. Our share of IBG LLC’s net income is approximately 13.6% and similarly, outstanding shares of our common stock represent approximately 13.6% of the outstanding membership interests of IBG LLC.
 
Earnings per Share
 
Earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. Shares of Class A and Class B common stock share proportionately in the earnings of IBG, Inc. Basic earnings per share are calculated utilizing net income available for common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of shares of Class A and Class B common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted earnings per share are calculated utilizing the Company’s basic net income available for common stockholders divided by diluted weighted average shares outstanding with no adjustments to net income available to common stockholders for dilutive potential common shares.
 
 
 
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Stock-Based Compensation
 
IBG, Inc. follows ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, to account for its stock-based compensation plans. ASC 718 requires all share-based payments to employees to be recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements using a fair value-based method. Grants, which are denominated in U.S. dollars, are communicated to employees in the year of grant, thereby establishing the fair value of each grant. The fair value of awards granted to employees are generally expensed as follows—50% in the year of grant in recognition of plan forfeiture provisions (described below) and the remaining 50% over the related vesting period utilizing the “graded vesting” method permitted under ASC 718-10. In the case of “retirement eligible” employees (those employees older than 59), 100% of awards are expensed when granted.
 
Awards granted under the stock-based compensation plans are subject to forfeiture in the event an employee ceases employment with the Company. The plans provide that employees who discontinue employment with the Company without cause and continue to meet the terms of the plans’ post-employment provisions will forfeit 50% of unvested previously granted awards unless the employee is over the age of 59, in which case the employee would be eligible to receive 100% of unvested awards previously granted.
 
Contingencies
 
Our policy is to estimate and accrue for potential losses that may arise out of litigation and regulatory proceedings, to the extent that such losses are probable and can be estimated, in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies. Potential losses that might arise out of tax audits, to the extent that such losses are “more likely than not,” would be estimated and accrued in accordance with ASC 740-10. Significant judgment is required in making these estimates and our final liabilities may ultimately be materially different. Our total liability accrued with respect to litigation and regulatory proceedings is determined on a case-by-case basis and represents an estimate of probable losses based on, among other factors, the progress of each case, our experience with and industry experience with similar cases and the opinions and views of internal and external legal counsel. Given the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of our litigation and regulatory matters, particularly in cases or proceedings in which substantial or indeterminate damages or fines are sought, or where cases or proceedings are in the early stages, we cannot estimate losses or ranges of losses for cases or proceedings where there is only a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred.
 
We have been from time to time subject to certain pending and legal actions which arise out of the normal course of business. Litigation is inherently unpredictable, particularly in proceedings where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages, or which are in their early stages. We cannot predict with certainty the actual loss or range of loss related to such legal proceedings, the manner in which they will be resolved, the timing of final resolution or the ultimate settlement. Consequently, we cannot estimate losses or ranges of losses related to such legal matters, even in instances where it is reasonably possible that a future loss will be incurred. As of March 31, 2014, we, along with certain of our subsidiaries, have been named parties to legal actions, which we and/or such subsidiaries intend to defend vigorously. Although the results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management that the resolution of these actions is not expected to have a material adverse effect, if any, on our business or financial condition, but may have a material impact on the results of operations for a given period. As of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, reserves provided for potential losses related to litigation matters were not material.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Such estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, compensation accruals, current and deferred income taxes and estimated contingency reserves.
 
Income Taxes
 
IBG, Inc. accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. The Company’s income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits are based on enacted tax laws and reflect management’s best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Determining income tax expense requires significant judgments and estimates.
 
 
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Deferred income tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of the underlying assets and liabilities. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. In projecting future taxable income, we begin with historical results adjusted for changes in accounting policies and incorporate assumptions including the amount of future state, federal and foreign pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax-planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, we consider three years of cumulative operating income (loss). Deferred income taxes have not been provided for U.S. tax liabilities or for additional foreign taxes on the unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries that have been indefinitely reinvested.
 
The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across our global operations. Changes in tax laws and rates could also affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future. Management is not aware of any such changes that would have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, or financial position.
 
ASC 740 provides that a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of the technical merits. ASC 740 also provides guidance on measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition.
 
The Company records tax liabilities in accordance with ASC 740 and adjusts these liabilities when management’s judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Because of the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in payments that are different from our current estimates of tax liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which new information is available.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
Subsequent to the adoption of the ASC, the FASB will issue Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) as the means to add to or delete from, or otherwise amend the ASC. In 2014, prior to the issuance of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, ASUs 2014-01 through 2014-08 have been issued. Following is a summary of recently issued ASUs that have affected or may affect the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements:
 
 
   
Affects
 
Status
         
ASU 2013-05
 
Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity
 
Effective for fiscal periods beginning on or after December 15, 2013.
         
ASU 2014-06
 
Technical Corrections and Improvements Related to Glossary Terms
 
Effective on issuance in March 2014.
 
 
Adoption of those ASUs that became effective during 2014 prior to the issuance of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, did not have a material effect on those financial statements.
 

 
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ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to various market risks. Our exposures to market risks arise from assumptions built into our pricing models, equity price risk, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations related to our international operations, changes in interest rates which impact our variable-rate debt obligations, and risks relating to the extension of margin credit to our customers.
 
Market risk refers to the risk that a change in the level of one or more market prices, rates, indices, implied volatilities (the price volatility of the underlying instrument imputed from option prices), correlations or other market factors, such as market liquidity, will result in losses for a position or portfolio. Generally, the Company incurs trading-related market risk as a result of activities in the market making segment, where the substantial majority of the Company’s Value-at-Risk (“VaR”) for market risk exposures is generated. In addition, the Company incurs non-trading-related market risk primarily from investment activities and foreign currency exposure held in the equity of the Company’s non-market making foreign affiliates, i.e., its non-U.S. brokerage affiliates and information technology affiliates.
 
The Company uses various risk management tools in managing its market risk, which are embedded in its real-time market making systems. We employ certain hedging and risk management techniques to protect us from a severe market dislocation. Our risk management policies are developed and implemented by our Chairman and our steering committee, which is comprised of senior executives of our various companies. Our market-making strategy is to calculate quotes a few seconds ahead of the market and execute small trades at a tiny but favorable differential as a result. This is made possible by our proprietary pricing model, which evaluates and monitors the risks inherent in our portfolio, assimilates market data and reevaluates the outstanding quotes in our portfolio each second. Our model automatically rebalances our positions throughout each trading day to manage risk exposures both on our options and futures positions and the underlying securities, and will price the increased risk that a position would add to the overall portfolio into the bid and offer prices we post. Under risk management policies implemented and monitored primarily through our computer systems, reports to management, including risk profiles, profit and loss analysis and trading performance, are prepared on a real-time basis as well as daily and periodical bases. Although our market making is completely automated, the trading process and our risk are monitored by a team of individuals who, in real time, observe various risk parameters of our consolidated positions. Our assets and liabilities are marked-to-market daily for financial reporting purposes and re-valued continuously throughout the trading day for risk management and asset/liability management purposes.
 
The Company uses a covariant VaR methodology to measure, monitor and review the market risk of its market making portfolios, with the exception of fixed income products, and its currency exposures. The risk of fixed income products, which comprise U.S. corporate bonds and U.S. Treasury securities, is measured using a stress test.
 
Pricing Model Exposure
 
As described above, our proprietary pricing model, which continuously evaluates and monitors the risks inherent in our portfolio, assimilates market data and reevaluates the outstanding quotes in our entire portfolio each second. Certain aspects of the model rely on historical prices of securities. If the behavior of price movements of individual securities diverges substantially from what their historical behavior would predict, we might incur trading losses. We attempt to limit such risks by diversifying our portfolio across many different options, futures and underlying securities and avoiding concentrations of positions based on the same underlying security. Historically, our losses from these events have been immaterial in comparison to our annual trading profits.
 
Foreign Currency Exposure
 
As a result of our international market making activities and accumulated earnings in our foreign subsidiaries, our income and net worth is exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Our European operations and some of our Asian operations are conducted by our Swiss subsidiary, THE. THE is regulated by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority as a securities dealer and its financial statements are presented in Swiss francs. Accordingly, THE is exposed to certain foreign exchange risks as described below:
 
 
THE buys and sells futures contracts and securities denominated in various currencies and carries bank balances and borrows and lends such currencies in its regular course of business. At the end of each accounting period THE’s assets and liabilities are translated into Swiss francs for presentation in its financial statements. The resulting gains or losses are reported as translation gain or loss in THE’s income statement. When we prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements, THE’s Swiss franc balances are translated into U.S. dollars for U.S. GAAP purposes. THE’s translation gains or losses appear as such on IBG, Inc.’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income, included in trading gains.
 
 
THE’s net worth is carried on THE’s books in Swiss francs in accordance with Swiss accounting standards. At the end of each accounting period, THE’s net worth is translated at the then prevailing exchange rate into U.S. dollars and the resulting gain or loss is reported as OCI in our consolidated statement of financial condition and consolidated statement of comprehensive income. To a smaller extent, our other non-U.S. subsidiaries also produce OCI.
 
 
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We have taken the approach of not hedging the above exposures to the U.S. dollar, based on the notion that the cost of constantly hedging over the years would amount to more than the random impact of rate changes on our non-U.S. dollar balances. For instance, an increase in the value of the Swiss franc would be unfavorable to the earnings of THE but would be counterbalanced to some extent by the fact that the yearly translation gain or loss into U.S. dollars is likely to move in the opposite direction.
 
Since 2005, we have expanded our market making systems to incorporate cash forex and forex options to hedge our currency exposure at little or no cost and to hedge our currency exposure throughout each day on a continuous basis. In connection with the development of our currency strategy, we determined to base our net worth in GLOBALs, a basket of currencies. Periodically, we re-evaluate the composition of the GLOBAL; in 2011 we expanded the composition of the GLOBAL from six to 16 currencies. The table below shows a comparison of the U.S. dollar equivalent of the GLOBAL as March 31, 2013 and 2014.

   
As of 3/31/2013
As of 3/31/2014
 
     
GLOBAL in
% of
Net Equity
 
GLOBAL in
% of
Net Equity
CHANGE in
Currency
Composition
FX Rate
USD Equiv.
Comp.
(in USD millions)
FX Rate
USD Equiv.
Comp.
(in USD millions)
% of Comp.
USD
0.41
1.0000
0.410
38.0%
                   1,833.7
1.0000
0.410
38.0%
                   1,994.1
0.0%
EUR
0.17
1.2819
0.218
20.2%
                      974.7
1.3770
0.234
21.7%
                   1,138.6
1.5%
JPY
10.00
0.0106
0.106
9.8%
                      474.7
0.0097
0.097
9.0%
                      471.2
-0.9%
GBP
0.03
1.5204
0.046
4.2%
                      204.0
1.6664
0.050
4.6%
                      243.2
0.4%
CAD
0.04
0.9828
0.039
3.6%
                      175.8
0.9051
0.036
3.4%
                      176.1
-0.3%
BRL
0.08
0.4940
0.040
3.7%
                      176.8
0.4402
0.035
3.3%
                      171.3
-0.4%
CHF
0.03
1.0535
0.032
2.9%
                      141.4
1.1304
0.034
3.1%
                      164.9
0.2%
INR
2.00
0.0184
0.037
3.4%
                      164.8
0.0167
0.033
3.1%
                      162.1
-0.3%
HKD
0.25
0.1288
0.032
3.0%
                      144.0
0.1289
0.032
3.0%
                      156.8
0.0%
AUD
0.03
1.0418
0.031
2.9%
                      139.8
0.9265
0.028
2.6%
                      135.2
-0.3%
KRW
28.00
0.0009
0.025
2.3%
                      112.7
0.0009
0.026
2.4%
                      127.9
0.1%
MXN
0.30
0.0812
0.024
2.3%
                      109.0
0.0766
0.023
2.1%
                      111.8
-0.1%
SEK
0.09
0.1533
0.014
1.3%
                        61.7
0.1546
0.014
1.3%
                        67.7
0.0%
NOK
0.06
0.1710
0.010
1.0%
                        45.9
0.1670
0.010
0.9%
                        48.7
0.0%
SGD
0.01
0.8062
0.008
0.7%
                        36.1
0.7952
0.008
0.7%
                        38.7
0.0%
DKK
0.04
0.1719
0.007
0.6%
                        30.8
0.1844
0.007
0.7%
                        35.9
0.0%
     
 $           1.079
100.0%
 $              4,825.9
 
 $           1.078
100.0%
 $              5,244.2
0.0%

Because we conduct business in many countries and many currencies we consider ourselves a global enterprise rather than a U.S. dollar based company. Accordingly, we actively manage our currency exposure by maintaining our equity in GLOBALs.  The U.S. dollar value of the GLOBAL decreased from $1.079 to $1.078, or 0.07%, at March 31, 2014 as compared to March 31, 2013.  At March 31, 2014, approximately 62% of our equity was denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars.
 
The effects of our currency strategy appear in two places in the financial statements: (1) as a component of trading gains in the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income and (2) as OCI in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. The full effect of the GLOBAL is captured in comprehensive income.
 
Reported results on a comprehensive basis reflect the U.S. GAAP convention adopted in 2011 that requires the reporting of currency translation results contained in OCI as part of reportable earnings. Previously, currency translation results were reported only as a component of changes in Total Equity in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
We had no variable-rate debt outstanding at March 31, 2014.  Under our senior secured revolving credit facility, we have the ability to choose borrowing tenors from overnight to twelve months, which permits us to minimize the risk of interest rate fluctuations.
 
We pay our electronic brokerage customers interest based on benchmark overnight interest rates in various currencies. We typically invest a portion of these funds in U.S. government treasury securities with maturities of up to two years.  Under these circumstances, if interest rates were to increase rapidly and substantially, in increments that were not reflected in the yields on these treasury securities, our net interest income from customer deposits would decrease.
 
We also face the potential for reduced net interest income from customer deposits due to interest rate spread compression in a low rate environment. Due to a currently low rate environment, a decrease of benchmark interest rates by 0.05%, would reduce our net interest income by approximately $13.1 million on an annualized basis.
 
We also face substantial interest rate risk due to positions carried in our market making business to the extent that long or short stock positions may have been established for future or forward dates on options or futures contracts and the value of such positions are impacted by interest rates. We hedge such risks by entering into interest rate futures contracts. To the extent that these futures positions do not perfectly hedge this interest rate risk, our trading gains may be adversely affected. The amount of such risk cannot be quantified.
 
 
 
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Dividend Risk
 
We face dividend risk in our market making business as we derive significant revenues and incur significant expenses in the form of dividend income and expense, respectively, from our substantial inventory of equity securities, and must make significant payments in lieu of dividends on short positions in securities in our portfolio. Projected future dividends are an important component of pricing equity options and other derivatives, and incorrect projections may lead to trading losses. The amount of these risks cannot be quantified.
 
Margin Credit
 
We extend margin credit to our customers, which is subject to various regulatory requirements. Margin credit is collateralized by cash and securities in the customers’ accounts. The risks associated with margin credit increase during periods of fast market movements or in cases where collateral is concentrated and market movements occur. During such times, customers who utilize margin credit and who have collateralized their obligations with securities may find that the securities have a rapidly depreciating value and may not be sufficient to cover their obligations in the event of a liquidation. We are also exposed to credit risk when our customers execute transactions, such as short sales of options and equities, that can expose them to risk beyond their invested capital.
 
We expect this kind of exposure to increase with growth in our overall business. Because we indemnify and hold harmless our clearing firms from certain liabilities or claims, the use of margin credit and short sales may expose us to significant off-balance-sheet risk in the event that collateral requirements are not sufficient to fully cover losses that customers may incur and those customers fail to satisfy their obligations. As of March 31, 2014, we had $14.47 billion in margin credit extended to our customers. The amount of risk to which we are exposed from the margin credit we extend to our customers and from short sale transactions by our customers is unlimited and not quantifiable as the risk is dependent upon analysis of a potential significant and undeterminable rise or fall in stock prices. Our account level margin credit requirements meet or exceed those required by Regulation T of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve. As a matter of practice, we enforce real-time margin compliance monitoring and liquidate customers’ positions if their equity falls below required margin requirements.
 
We have a comprehensive policy implemented in accordance with regulatory standards to assess and monitor the suitability of investors to engage in various trading activities. To mitigate our risk, we also continuously monitor customer accounts to detect excessive concentration, large orders or positions, patterns of day trading and other activities that indicate increased risk to us.
 
Our credit exposure is to a great extent mitigated by our policy of automatically evaluating each account throughout the trading day and closing out positions automatically for accounts that are found to be under-margined. While this methodology is effective in most situations, it may not be effective in situations where no liquid market exists for the relevant securities or commodities or where, for any reason, automatic liquidation for certain accounts has been disabled.
 
Value-at-Risk
 
The Company estimates VaR using an historical approach, which uses the historical daily price returns of underlying assets as well as estimates of the end of day implied volatility for options. The Company’s one-day VaR is defined as the unrealized loss in portfolio value that, based on historically observed market risk factors, would have been exceeded with a frequency of one percent, based on a calculation with a confidence interval of 99%.
 
The Company’s VaR model generally takes into account exposures to equity and commodity price risk and foreign exchange rates.
 
The Company uses VaR as one of a range of risk management tools. Among their benefits, VaR models permit estimation of a portfolio’s aggregate market risk exposure, incorporating a range of varied market risks and portfolio assets. One key element of the VaR model is that it reflects risk reduction due to portfolio diversification or hedging activities. However, VaR has various strengths and limitations, which include, but are not limited to: use of historical changes in market risk factors, which may not be accurate predictors of future market conditions, and may not fully incorporate the risk of extreme market events that are outsized relative to observed historical market behavior or reflect the historical distribution of results beyond the confidence interval; and reporting of losses in a single day, which does not reflect the risk of positions that cannot be liquidated or hedged in one day. A small proportion of market risk generated by trading positions is not included in VaR. The modeling of the risk characteristics of some positions relies on approximations that, under certain circumstances, could produce significantly different results from those produced using more precise measures. VaR is most appropriate as a risk measure for trading positions in liquid financial markets and will understate the risk associated with severe events, such as periods of extreme illiquidity.
 
The VaR calculation simulates the performance of the portfolio based on several years of the daily price changes of the underlying assets and determines the VaR as the calculated loss that occurs at the 99th percentile.
 
Since the reported VaR statistics are estimates based on historical data, VaR should not be viewed as predictive of the Company’s future revenues or financial performance or of its ability to monitor and manage risk. There can be no assurance that the Company’s actual losses on a particular day will not exceed the indicated VaR or that such losses will not occur more than one time in 100 trading days. VaR does not predict the magnitude of losses which, should they occur, may be significantly greater than the VaR amount.
 
Stress Test
 
The Company estimates the market risk to its fixed income portfolio using a risk analysis model provided by a leading external vendor. This stress test is configured to calculate the change in value of each bond in the portfolio over one day in eight scenarios each of which represents a parallel shift of the U.S. Treasury yield curve. The scenarios are shifts of +/−100, +/−200 and +/−300 basis points.
 
 
 
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ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and our CFO, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as such term is defined under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based on this evaluation, our CEO and our CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. IBG, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of IBG, Inc.; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of IBG, Inc.’s management and directors; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Management, including our CEO and our CFO, assessed the effectiveness of IBG, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2014. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on management’s assessment and those criteria, management concluded that IBG, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2014.
 
Changes to Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting for the three months ended March 31, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 

 
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
There have been no material changes to the legal proceedings disclosed under Part 1, Item 3 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 3, 2014.  During our normal course of business, the Company’s regulated operating companies are in discussions with regulators about matters raised during regulatory examinations or otherwise subject to their inquiry.  These matters could result in censures, fines or other sanctions.  Management believes the outcome of any resulting actions will not be material to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  However, the Company is unable to predict the outcome of these matters.
 
The Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of the pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial condition of the Company.  Legal reserves have been established in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies.  The ultimate resolution may differ from the amounts reserved.
 
ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS
 
There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in under Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 3, 2014.
 
ITEM 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
None
 
ITEM 3.  DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None
 
ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION
 
None
 

 
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ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
   
Number
 
Description
     
3.1
 
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 2
   
to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company on April 4, 2007).**
     
3.2
 
Amended Bylaws of Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K filed by the Company on March 5, 2014).**
     
10.1
 
Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of IBG LLC (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on
   
Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2007 filed by the Company on June 15, 2007).**
     
10.2
 
Form of Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of IBG Holdings LLC (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to
   
Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company on February 12, 2007).**
     
10.3
 
Exchange Agreement by and among Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., IBG Holdings LLC, IBG LLC and the
   
Members of IBG LLC (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period
   
Ended September 30, 2009 filed by the Company on November 11, 2009).**
     
10.4
 
Tax Receivable Agreement by and between Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and IBG Holdings LLC (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the
   
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2007 filed by the Company on June 15, 2007).**
     
10.5
 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.8 to Amendment No. 2 to the
   
Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company on April 4, 2007).**+
     
10.6
 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan. (filed as Exhibit 10.9 to Amendment No. 2 to the
   
Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company on April 4, 2007).**+
     
10.7
 
Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. Amendment to the Exchange Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the
   
Form 8-K filed by the Company on June 6, 2012).**+
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document*
     
101.SCH
 
XBRL Extension Schema*
     
101.CAL
 
XBRL Extension Calculation Linkbase*
     
101.DEF
 
XBRL Extension Definition Linkbase*
     
101.LAB
 
XBRL Extension Label Linkbase*
     
101.PRE
 
XBRL Extension Presentation Linkbase*
     
**
 
Previously filed; incorporated herein by reference.
     
+
 
These exhibits relate to management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.
     
*
 
Attached as Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the annual period ended Marh 31, 2014,
   
are the following materials formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) (i) the Unaudited Condensed
   
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, (ii) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income,
   
(iii) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (iv) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement
   
of Changes in Stockholders' Equity and (v) Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements tagged in detail levels 1-4.
     

 
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
   
INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.
     
   
/s/ Paul J. Brody
   
Name: Paul J. Brody
   
Title: Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
   
(Signing both in his capacity as a duly authorized officer and
as principal financial officer of the registrant)
     
Date: May 12, 2014
   





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