form10q.htm


 
UNITED STATES
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
S QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 29, 2007

OR

£ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________to _________

Commission file number 1-12696

Plantronics, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
77-0207692
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

345 Encinal Street
Santa Cruz, California   95060
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

(831) 426-5858
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes S  No £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):

Large accelerated filer S
Accelerated filer £
Non accelerated filer £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes £  No S.

As of October 27, 2007, 48,593,627 shares of common stock were outstanding.
 


 
 
Plantronics, Inc.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page No.
   
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited):
 
   
3
   
4
   
5
   
6
   
16
   
31
   
33
   
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
   
34
   
34
   
48
   
48
   
49
   
50


 
Part I -- FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Financial Statements.
PLANTRONICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)

   
March 31,
2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
   
 
   
 
 
ASSETS
 
 
       
Current assets:
 
 
       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
94,131
    $
86,379
 
Short-term investments
   
9,234
     
53,515
 
        Total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments
   
103,365
     
139,894
 
Accounts receivable, net
   
113,758
     
128,705
 
Inventory
   
126,605
     
133,516
 
Deferred income taxes
   
12,659
     
12,987
 
Other current assets
   
18,474
     
14,025
 
Total current assets
   
374,861
     
429,127
 
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
97,259
     
99,524
 
Intangibles, net
   
100,120
     
95,524
 
Goodwill
   
72,825
     
72,825
 
Other assets
   
6,239
     
6,055
 
Total assets
  $
651,304
    $
703,055
 
                 
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $
49,956
    $
51,471
 
Accrued liabilities
   
54,025
     
63,491
 
Income taxes payable
   
12,476
     
-
 
Total current liabilities
   
116,457
     
114,962
 
Deferred tax liability
   
37,344
     
33,660
 
Long-term income taxes payable
   
-
     
15,299
 
Other long-term liabilities
   
696
     
685
 
Total liabilities
   
154,497
     
164,606
 
                 
Stockholders' equity:
               
Common stock
   
666
     
670
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
340,661
     
356,005
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   
2,666
     
1,376
 
Retained earnings
   
550,165
     
576,834
 
     
894,158
     
934,885
 
Less:  treasury stock, at cost
    (397,351 )     (396,436 )
Total stockholders' equity
   
496,807
     
538,449
 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $
651,304
    $
703,055
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


PLANTRONICS, INC.
 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
Net revenues
  $
194,934
    $
208,224
    $
390,003
    $
414,719
 
Cost of revenues
   
118,039
     
123,768
     
237,509
     
246,717
 
Gross profit
   
76,895
     
84,456
     
152,494
     
168,002
 
Operating expenses:
                               
Research, development and engineering
   
16,938
     
19,208
     
35,597
     
38,696
 
Selling, general and administrative
   
43,934
     
45,941
     
88,387
     
92,052
 
Gain on sale of land
   
-
     
-
      (2,637 )    
-
 
Total operating expenses
   
60,872
     
65,149
     
121,347
     
130,748
 
Operating income
   
16,023
     
19,307
     
31,147
     
37,254
 
Interest and other income, net
   
267
     
1,793
     
1,252
     
3,127
 
Income before income taxes
   
16,290
     
21,100
     
32,399
     
40,381
 
Income tax expense
   
3,765
     
4,578
     
7,583
     
8,884
 
Net income
  $
12,525
    $
16,522
    $
24,816
    $
31,497
 
                                 
Net income per share - basic
  $
0.27
    $
0.34
    $
0.53
    $
0.66
 
                                 
Shares used in basic per share calculations
   
47,203
     
48,115
     
47,180
     
47,975
 
                                 
Net income per share - diluted
  $
0.26
    $
0.34
    $
0.52
    $
0.64
 
                                 
Shares used in diluted per share calculations
   
47,626
     
49,310
     
47,934
     
48,963
 
                                 
Cash dividends declared per common share
  $
0.05
    $
0.05
    $
0.10
    $
0.10
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


PLANTRONICS, INC.
 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2006
   
2007
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
   
 
 
Net income
  $
24,816
    $
31,497
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
14,423
     
13,974
 
Stock-based compensation
   
8,376
     
7,862
 
Provision for doubtful accounts
   
442
     
370
 
Provision for excess and obsolete inventories
   
8,080
     
8,404
 
Deferred income taxes
    (2,829 )     (5,769 )
Income tax benefit associated with stock option exercises
   
163
     
473
 
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
    (256 )     (1,291 )
(Gain) loss on disposal of property, plant, and equipment, net
    (2,608 )    
7
 
Impairment of intangible asset
   
-
     
517
 
                 
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable
    (1,081 )     (16,044 )
Inventory
    (41,490 )     (15,316 )
Other assets
   
1065
     
211
 
Accounts payable
   
1,807
     
1,515
 
Accrued liabilities
   
4,156
     
7,201
 
Income taxes payable
   
443
     
7,936
 
Cash provided by operating activities
   
15,507
     
41,547
 
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
               
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments
   
172,784
     
168,415
 
Purchase of short-term investments
    (173,820 )     (212,265 )
Proceeds from the sale of land
   
2,667
     
-
 
Restricted cash held in escrow
    (2,667 )    
-
 
Capital expenditures and other assets
    (15,679 )     (11,893 )
Cash used for investing activities
    (16,715 )     (55,743 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
               
Purchase of treasury stock
    (4,021 )    
-
 
Proceeds from sale of treasury stock
   
2,404
     
2,625
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
   
797
     
5,927
 
Repayment of line of credit
    (12,023 )    
-
 
Payment of cash dividends
    (4,751 )     (4,828 )
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
   
256
     
1,291
 
Cash (used for) provided by financing activities
    (17,338 )    
5,015
 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
   
856
     
1,429
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (17,690 )     (7,752 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
68,703
     
94,131
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $
51,013
    $
86,379
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
PLANTRONICS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
(Unaudited)
 
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) of Plantronics, Inc. (“Plantronics” or the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries, have been prepared on a consistent basis with the March 31, 2007 audited consolidated financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the information set forth herein.  The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); and, therefore, omit certain information and footnote disclosures necessary to present the statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, which was filed with the SEC on May 29, 2007.  The results of operations for the interim period ended September 30, 2007 are not indicative of the results to be expected for the entire fiscal year or any future period.
 
The Company has two reportable segments, Audio Communications Group (“ACG”) and Audio Entertainment Group (“AEG”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.   Management allocates resources to and assesses the performance of each operating segment using several metrics including information about segment revenues, gross profit, operating income (loss) before interest and other income, net and income tax expense, and certain product line information.

The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to the last day of March.  The Company’s current and prior fiscal years consist of 52 weeks and each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks.  The current fiscal year ends on March 29, 2008 and the prior fiscal year ended on March 31, 2007.    The Company’s interim periods for the second quarters of fiscal 2007 and 2008 ended on September 30, 2006 and September 29 2007, respectively.  For purposes of presentation, the Company has indicated its accounting year as ending on March 31 and its interim quarterly periods as ending on the applicable month end.
 
Certain financial statement reclassifications have been made to the prior period amounts to conform to the current year presentation. The Company reclassified certain expenses in the AEG segment within cost of revenues which had previously been classified as selling, general and administrative expenses, to conform to the ACG presentation.  As a result of this change, the Company’s previously reported amount for gross profit for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 was reduced by $491,000 and $867,000, respectively.
 
2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”), which defines fair value, establishes guidelines for measuring fair value and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements but rather eliminates inconsistencies in guidance found in various prior accounting pronouncements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for the Company beginning on April 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the provisions of SFAS No. 157 on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 also amends certain provisions of SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS No. 115”). SFAS No. 159 is effective for the Company beginning on April 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS No. 159 on its consolidated financial statements.

 
In June 2007, the FASB ratified the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development Activities”. EITF Issue No. 07-3 requires non-refundable advance payments for goods and services to be used in future research and development activities to be recorded as an asset and expensing the payments when the research and development activities are performed. EITF Issue No. 07-3 applies prospectively for new contractual arrangements entered into in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The adoption of EITF Issue No. 07-3 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements or financial position.
 
3. DETAILS OF CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
 
(in thousands)
 
March 31,
2007
   
September 30,
2007
 
 
 
 
 
Inventory, net:
 
 
   
 
 
Raw materials
  $
57,406
    $
42,635
 
Work in process
   
6,268
     
3,874
 
Finished goods
   
62,931
     
87,007
 
                 
 
  $
126,605
    $
133,516
 
 
               
Accrued liabilities:
               
Employee compensation and benefits
  $
20,574
    $
22,499
 
Warranty accrual
   
7,240
     
9,881
 
Accrued advertising and sales and marketing
   
5,104
     
6,544
 
Accrued other
   
21,107
     
24,567
 
                 
 
  $
54,025
    $
63,491
 

Changes in the warranty obligation, which are included as a component of accrued liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, are as follows (in thousands):
Warranty obligation at March 31, 2007
  $
7,240
 
Warranty provision relating to products shipped during the year
   
12,272
 
Deductions for warranty claims processed
    (9,631 )
Warranty obligation at September 30, 2007
  $
9,881
 
 
 
4. GOODWILL AND PURCHASED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
The following table presents changes in the carrying value of acquired intangible assets (in thousands):

   
March 31, 2007
   
September 30, 2007
   
   
Gross
Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net
Amount
   
Gross
Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net
Amount
 
Useful
Life
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
               
Technology
  $
30,960
    $ (9,431 )   $
21,529
    $
30,160
    $ (11,549 )   $
18,611
 
 6-10 years
In-process technology
   
996
      (996 )    
-
     
996
      (996 )    
-
 
 Immediate
State contracts
   
1,300
      (975 )    
325
     
1,300
      (1,068 )    
232
 
 7 years
Patents
   
1,420
      (876 )    
544
     
1,420
      (978 )    
442
 
 7 years
Customer relationships
   
18,133
      (4,108 )    
14,025
     
18,133
      (5,208 )    
12,925
 
 3-8 years
Trademarks
   
300
      (225 )    
75
     
300
      (246 )    
54
 
 7 years
Trade name - inMotion
   
5,000
      (1,016 )    
3,984
     
5,000
      (1,328 )    
3,672
 
 8 years
Trade name - Altec Lansing
   
59,100
     
-
     
59,100
     
59,100
     
-
     
59,100
 
 Indefinite
OEM relationships
   
700
      (162 )    
538
     
700
      (212 )    
488
 
 7 years
Non-compete agreements
   
200
      (200 )    
-
     
200
      (200 )    
-
 
 5 years
                                                   
Total
  $
118,109
    $ (17,989 )   $
100,120
    $
117,309
    $ (21,785 )   $
95,524
 
 
 
The aggregate amortization expense relating to purchased intangible assets for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 was $2.1 million and $4.1 million, respectively and $2.0 million and $4.1 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.  The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of  September 30, 2007 is as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year Ending March 31,
     
Remainder of 2008
  $
4,014
 
2009
   
7,872
 
2010
   
7,411
 
2011
   
7,368
 
2012
   
4,787
 
Thereafter
   
4,972
 
Total estimated amortization expense
  $
36,424
 
 
Goodwill as of March 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007 was $72.8 million.

During the three months ended September 30, 2007, the Company made a decision to terminate the Professional Audio product line in order to focus on its core product categories.  As a result of this triggering event, the Company reviewed the recoverability of the Professional Audio asset grouping including the related technology intangible asset.  Other than disposing of the remaining inventory, the Company expects no further cash flows from the Professional Audio product line.   The Company determined that the intangible asset had no remaining value and wrote off the remaining carrying value of $0.5 million.

The Company reviews goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have occurred.  In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company completed the annual impairment test of goodwill and the Altec Lansing trade name, which indicated that there was no impairment. Except for the decision to discontinue the Professional Audio product line, there were also no other events or changes in circumstances during the six months ended September 30, 2007, which triggered an impairment review.  If AEG’s performance further deteriorates, an impairment review may be triggered for goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives prior to the next annual review in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.  An impairment review may also be triggered for the remaining intangible assets.  It is not possible to determine whether, if an impairment review is required, an impairment charge would result or if such charge would be material. 

 
5. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 
The following table summarizes the amount of stock-based compensation expense recorded under SFAS No. 123(R) included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
   
 
         
 
       
Cost of revenues
  $
692
    $
612
    $
1,480
    $
1,253
 
                                 
Research, development and engineering
   
881
     
855
     
1,908
     
1,783
 
Selling, general and administrative
   
2,367
     
2,282
     
4,988
     
4,826
 
Stock-based compensation expense included in operating expenses
   
3,248
     
3,137
     
6,896
     
6,609
 
                                 
Total stock-based compensation
   
3,940
     
3,749
     
8,376
     
7,862
 
Income tax benefit
    (1,284 )     (1,313 )     (2,729 )     (2,622 )
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax
  $
2,656
    $
2,436
    $
5,647
    $
5,240
 

Stock Options

The following is a summary of the Company’s stock option activity during the six months ended September 30, 2007:

 
 
Options Outstanding
 
 
 
Number of
Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
 
 
(in thousands)
   
 
   
(in years)
   
(in thousands)
 
Outstanding at March 31, 2007
   
9,033
    $
26.17
             
Options granted
   
151
    $
25.22
             
Options exercised
    (347 )   $
17.07
             
Options forfeited or expired
    (490 )   $
34.80
             
Outstanding at September 30, 2007
   
8,347
    $
26.02
     
4.44
    $
42,391
 
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2007
   
8,021
    $
26.11
     
4.38
    $
40,591
 
Exercisable at September 30, 2007
   
6,061
    $
26.96
     
3.92
    $
29,398
 

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the six months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007 was $0.7 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Compensation expense recognized for stock options during the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 was $3.2 million and $6.9 million, respectively, and $3.0 million and $6.2 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.  As of September 30, 2007, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options was $19.3 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.


Restricted Stock

The following is a summary of the Company’s restricted stock activity during the six months ended September 30, 2007:

   
Number of
Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
 
 
(in thousands)
   
 
 
Non-vested at March 31, 2007
   
287
    $
27.09
 
Granted
   
25
    $
25.24
 
Vested
    (20 )   $
29.13
 
Forfeited
    (19 )   $
28.20
 
Non-vested at September 30, 2007
   
273
    $
26.69
 
 
Compensation expense recognized for restricted stock awards for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 was $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, and $0.5 million and $1.1 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.  As of September 30, 2007, total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards was $6.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.3 years.  The total fair value of restricted stock awards vested during the six months ended September 30, 2007 was $0.6 million.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)

Compensation expense recognized for the ESPP for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 was $0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.  As of September 30, 2007, there was $0.4 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP that is expected to be fully recognized during the next two fiscal quarters.

Valuation Assumptions

The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and ESPP shares using a Black-Scholes option valuation model.  The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the straight-line attribution approach with the following weighted average assumptions:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Employee Stock Options
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
Expected volatility
    43.4 %     38.3 %     41.9 %     37.1 %
Risk-free interest rate
    4.9 %     4.5 %     5.0 %     4.6 %
Expected dividends
    1.3 %     0.7 %     1.1 %     0.8 %
Expected life (in years)
   
4.2
     
4.4
     
4.2
     
4.4
 
Weighted-average grant date fair value
  $
6.87
    $
9.75
    $
8.27
    $
8.82
 
                                 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
ESPP
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
Expected volatility
    52.8 %     32.1 %     52.8 %     32.1 %
Risk-free interest rate
    5.2 %     5.1 %     5.2 %     5.1 %
Expected dividends
    1.3 %     0.7 %     1.3 %     0.7 %
Expected life (in years)
   
0.5
     
0.5
     
0.5
     
0.5
 
Weighted-average grant date fair value
  $
4.60
    $
6.72
    $
4.60
    $
6.72
 
 

6. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The components of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007 are as follows (in thousands):

   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
Net income
  $
12,525
    $
16,522
    $
24,816
    $
31,497
 
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax
   
1,416
      (2,120 )     (2,244 )     (2,278 )
Foreign currency translation gain
   
68
     
590
     
1,316
     
988
 
Comprehensive income
  $
14,009
    $
14,992
    $
23,888
    $
30,207
 

 
7. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
 
Non-Designated Hedges
 
As of September 30, 2007, the Company had foreign currency forward contracts of €20.7 million and ₤5.8 million denominated in Euros and Great British Pounds, respectively.  These forward contracts hedge against a portion of the Company’s foreign currency denominated receivables, payables and cash balances.

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding foreign exchange currency contracts, and approximate U.S. dollar equivalent, at September 30, 2007 (local currency and dollar amounts in thousands):

 
 
Local
Currency
   
USD
Equivalent
   
Position
 
Maturity
EUR
   
20,700
    $
29,491
   
Sell Euro
 
1 month
GBP
   
5,800
    $
11,830
   
Sell GBP
 
1 month
 
Foreign currency transactions, net of the effect of hedging activity on forward contracts, resulted in a net gain of approximately zero and $0.8 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2006, respectively, and $0.8 million and $1.2 million in the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.

Cash Flow Hedges
 
As of September 30, 2007, the Company had foreign currency put and call option contracts of €50.1 million and £17.5 million. As of March 31, 2007, the Company had foreign currency put and call option contracts of €57.0 million and £16.3 million.  Collectively, the Company’s option contracts are collars to hedge against a portion of its forecasted foreign denominated sales.
 
In the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, realized losses of $0.8 million and $1.1 million on cash flow hedges were recognized in net revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of operations compared to $0.3 million and $0.4 million in the same periods a year ago.  The Company expects to recognize the entire amount of $3.7 million of net losses accumulated in other comprehensive income in net revenues during the next 12 months if spot exchange rates remain reasonably consistent with current rates.

 
8. INCOME TAXES
 
The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007 was 21.7% and 22.0% compared to 23.1% and 23.4% for the same periods a year ago. The effective tax rate is lower than the previous year due to a decline in U.S. income, primarily due to the losses of AEG. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate due to the impact of foreign operations taxed at different statutory rates, income tax credits, state taxes, and other factors. The future quarterly tax rate could be impacted by a shift in the mix of domestic and foreign income; tax treaties with foreign jurisdictions; changes in tax laws in the United States or internationally; or a change in estimates of future taxable income which results in a valuation allowance being required.
 
On April 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”).  Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on income tax expense must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized unless it has a greater than 50% likelihood of being sustained.  There were no material adjustments as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. At the adoption date, the Company had $13.5 million of unrecognized tax benefits, $10.9 million of which would affect our income tax expense if recognized. The remaining balance of the unrecognized tax benefits of $2.6 million would be an adjustment to goodwill.  As of September 30, 2007, the Company had $15.3 million of unrecognized tax benefits. The Company expects resolution of some uncertain tax positions within the next 12 months.  Favorable resolution of these uncertainties would result in a significant benefit to income tax expense.
 
The Company's continuing practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of September 30, 2007, the Company had approximately $1.4 million of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions, including $0.2 million and $0.4 million recorded during the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.
 
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal and state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2003. Foreign income tax matters for most foreign jurisdictions have been concluded for years through 2001.
 
9. COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
 
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing the net income for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, less common stock subject to repurchase.  Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing the net income for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the period.  Potentially dilutive common shares include shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding  stock options, the vesting of restricted stock awards and from withholdings associated with the Company’s employee stock purchase plan, which are reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method.  Under the treasury stock method, the amount that the employee must pay for exercising stock options, the amount of stock-based compensation cost for future services that the Company has not yet recognized, and the amount of tax benefit that would be recorded in additional paid-in capital upon exercise are assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
 
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Net income
  $
12,525
    $
16,522
    $
24,816
    $
31,497
 
                                 
Weighted average shares-basic
   
47,203
     
48,115
     
47,180
     
47,975
 
Dilutive effect of employee equity incentive plans
   
423
     
1,195
     
754
     
988
 
Weighted average shares-diluted
   
47,626
     
49,310
     
47,934
     
48,963
 
                                 
Earnings per share-basic
  $
0.27
    $
0.34
    $
0.53
    $
0.66
 
                                 
Earnings per share-diluted
  $
0.26
    $
0.34
    $
0.52
    $
0.64
 
                                 
Potentially dilutive securities excluded from earnings per diluted share because their effect is anti-dilutive
   
6,594
     
3,089
     
5,214
     
4,841
 
 
10. SEGMENT INFORMATION
 
In the second quarter of fiscal 2008, the Company transitioned the responsibility and management of the Altec-branded headsets from the AEG segment to the ACG segment, and as a result, effective July 1, 2007, the revenue and resulting gross profit from the Altec-branded headsets are now included in the ACG reporting segment within the Gaming and Computer Audio category.  Because AEG has not historically tracked costs and expenses by product line below material cost, prior period segment financial data has not been restated as it is impracticable to determine product line information down to the gross margin or operating income level for periods prior to the second quarter of fiscal 2008.  Because ACG does not track product line information below gross profit, it is impracticable to determine product line information down to the operating income level.  Net revenues and gross profit for ACG and AEG for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007 under the old basis of segment reporting would have been: 
 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
(in thousands)
 
September 30, 2007
 
   
 
   
 
 
Net revenues
           
             
Audio Communications Group
  $
179,325
    $
364,897
 
Audio Entertainment Group
   
28,899
     
49,822
 
Consolidated net revenues
  $
208,224
    $
414,719
 
                 
Gross profit (loss)
               
                 
Audio Communications Group
  $
84,279
    $
170,055
 
Audio Entertainment Group
   
177
      (2,053 )
Consolidated gross profit
  $
84,456
    $
168,002
 
 
 
Audio Communications Group
 
ACG designs, manufactures, markets and sells headsets for business and consumer applications, and other specialty products for the hearing impaired.  With respect to headsets, it makes products for use in offices and contact centers, with mobile and cordless phones, and with computers and gaming consoles. The following table presents net revenues by product group within ACG:
 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Net revenues from unaffiliated customers:
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Office and Contact Center
  $
115,813
    $
131,357
    $
230,080
    $
263,562
 
Mobile
   
33,199
     
35,859
     
69,005
     
77,097
 
Gaming and Computer Audio
   
7,727
     
8,277
     
15,016
     
14,762
 
Other Specialty Products
   
6,295
     
5,554
     
12,669
     
11,198
 
Total segment net revenues
  $
163,034
    $
181,047
    $
326,770
    $
366,619
 
 
Audio Entertainment Group
 
AEG is engaged in the design, manufacture, sales and marketing of audio solutions and related technologies.  Major product categories include “Docking  Audio”, which is defined as all speakers, whether AC or battery-powered, that work with portable digital players such as iPod and other MP3 players and “PC Audio”, which is defined as speaker systems used for computers and other multi-media application systems.  “Other” includes  headphones and home audio systems.  Currently, all the revenues in AEG are derived from sales of Altec Lansing products.  The following table presents net revenues by product group within AEG:

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
                         
Net revenues from unaffiliated customers:
                       
Docking Audio
  $
15,562
    $
13,615
    $
32,992
    $
23,906
 
PC Audio
   
13,866
     
12,627
     
25,718
     
21,075
 
Other
   
2,472
     
935
     
4,523
     
3,119
 
Total segment net revenues
  $
31,900
    $
27,177
    $
63,233
    $
48,100
 
 
 
Segment Financial Data
 
Financial data for each reportable segment for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 and 2007 is as follows:
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Net revenues
                       
Audio Communications Group
  $
163,034
    $
181,047
    $
326,770
    $
366,619
 
Audio Entertainment Group
   
31,900
     
27,177
     
63,233
     
48,100
 
Consolidated net revenues
  $
194,934
    $
208,224
    $
390,003
    $
414,719
 
                                 
Gross profit (loss)
                               
Audio Communications Group
  $
71,506
    $
84,884
    $
141,579
    $
170,660
 
Audio Entertainment Group
   
5,389
      (428 )    
10,915
      (2,658 )
Consolidated gross profit
  $
76,895
    $
84,456
    $
152,494
    $
168,002
 
                                 
Operating income(loss)
                               
Audio Communications Group
  $
20,764
    $
29,670
    $
41,580
    $
58,656
 
Audio Entertainment Group
    (4,741 )     (10,363 )     (10,433 )     (21,402 )
Consolidated operating income
  $
16,023
    $
19,307
    $
31,147
    $
37,254
 
 
No customer accounted for 10% or more of total net revenue for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 or 2007, nor did any one customer account for 10% or more of accounts receivable at March 31, 2007 or September 30, 2007.
 
15

 
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

CERTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION:
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”).   Forward-looking statements may generally be identified by the use of such words as “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” or “shall” and similar expressions, or the negative of these terms.  Specific forward-looking statements contained within this Form 10-Q include, statements containing our expectations regarding (i) increasing penetration of our products into the office markets, (ii) upgrading our customers with compelling new products, (iii) growing our Bluetooth market share while improving profitability, and (iv) executing our turnaround plans for Altec Lansing, in addition to other statements regarding our future operations, financial condition and prospects and business strategies. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from such forward-looking statements are included, but not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” herein and other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.  Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward looking statements.
 
OVERVIEW
 
We are a leading worldwide designer, manufacturer, marketer and seller of lightweight communications headsets, telephone headset systems, and accessories for the business and consumer markets under the Plantronics brand.  We are also a leading manufacturer and seller of high quality computer and home entertainment sound systems, docking audio products, and a line of headphones for personal digital media under our Altec Lansing brand.  In addition, we manufacture and sell, under our Clarity brand, specialty telephone products, such as telephones for the hearing impaired, and other related products for people with special communication needs.
 
We ship a broad range of products to over 70 countries through a worldwide network of distributors, retailers, wireless carriers, telephony service providers, and original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”)..  We have well-developed distribution channels in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand, where use of our products is widespread.  Our distribution channels in other regions of the world are less mature and, while we primarily serve the contact center markets in those regions, we are expanding into the office, mobile and entertainment, digital audio, and specialty telephone markets in additional international locations.
 
Our net revenue increased from $194.9 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2007 to $208.2 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 as a result of increased demand for wireless products, with net revenues from office wireless products up 28% and net revenues from mobile Bluetooth products up 17% from a year ago.  Our net income increased from $12.5 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2007 to $16.5 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2008.  In the second quarter of fiscal 2008, our results of operations were favorably affected by reduced product costs, improved manufacturing effectiveness, and continued growth of office wireless products.  Although we continued to experience losses in our Audio Entertainment Group (“AEG”) business, there was sequential growth in net revenues and reduced operating losses.  We are taking action to improve the profitability of this business by strengthening the management team, conducting extensive consumer research and developing significant new products to refresh the product line by the December quarter of next fiscal year.  The AEG new product development efforts largely met our internal milestones in the second quarter of fiscal 2008.   Failure to continue to meet our internal milestones could result in a delay of our turnaround plans and the potential impairment of AEG goodwill and intangible assets.
 
We have integrated our sales force and realigned account coverage to better serve our customers.  In the second quarter of fiscal 2008, we transitioned the responsibility and management of the Altec-branded headsets from the AEG segment to the Audio Communication Group (“ACG”) segment, and as a result, the Altec-branded headsets’ results of operations are now included in the ACG reporting segment.
 
 
For the remainder of fiscal 2008, our key initiatives, which are explained below, are designed to increase revenues and profits.
 
 
·
Increase penetration in the office markets. Growing the office markets, through the introduction of compelling, easy to use, wireless products and demand generation campaigns will continue to be our top priority.  Home office workers are a growing category, and in ACG, we began shipping the Calisto Pro hands-free home phone system which includes a multi-function Bluetooth headset.
 
 
·
Upgrade existing customers with compelling new products.  While increasing penetration in the office market is our top priority, a closely related priority is to convert corded headset users to wireless headsets, as well as to upgrade existing wireless headset users to our new CS70N which we began shipping in fiscal 2008.  The CS70N features premium audio performance, sleek and comfortable styling, and a noise-cancelling microphone.
 
 
·
Grow our Bluetooth market share while improving profitability.  We believe a significant opportunity to increase our Bluetooth market share is being created by the convergence of music and communications in the cell phone industry.  Our Bluetooth product portfolio is competitive and we believe our existing and next generation products are innovative and being well received.  In the second quarter of fiscal 2008, we began shipping the previously announced Voyager 520, 815, and 855 headsets.  The Voyager 520 is a follow-on to the successful Voyager 510, the Voyager 815 is designed to seal out noise and includes our proprietary AudioIQ technology to improve call quality on both sides of the call, and the Voyager 855 easily converts from a mono headset to stereo listening with a detachable cable.  In addition, we are focused on reducing the cost of our Bluetooth products.  We will continue to implement our supply chain optimization and re-engineering initiatives that are designed to increase inventory turns, improve forecast accuracy and reduce excess and obsolete inventory.  We have plans to increase the utilization of our China plant, improve direct labor productivity and reduce logistics costs. We will continue to increase the use of common design platforms from which we can produce multiple generations of products.
 
 
·
Focus on the turnaround plan for Altec Lansing.  Development of a competitive portfolio of next generation products with lower manufacturing costs and higher margins are the key priority over the next 15 months.  We also plan to take advantage of the industrial design capabilities that exist within the ACG segment to make these next generation products more appealing to buyers.  We are working to control costs in AEG and exploring ways to make this business more efficient.
 
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following tables set forth, for the period indicated, the condensed consolidated statements of operations data and data by segment.  The financial information and the ensuing discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
 
Consolidated

(in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
   
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
                                                 
Net revenues
  $
194,934
      100.0 %   $
208,224
      100.0 %   $
390,003
      100.0 %   $
414,719
      100.0 %
Cost of revenues
   
118,039
      60.6 %    
123,768
      59.4 %    
237,509
      60.9 %    
246,717
      59.5 %
Gross profit
   
76,895
      39.4 %    
84,456
      40.6 %    
152,494
      39.1 %    
168,002
      40.5 %
                                                                 
Operating expense:
                                                               
Research, development and engineering
   
16,938
      8.7 %    
19,208
      9.2 %    
35,597
      9.1 %    
38,696
      9.3 %
Selling, general and administrative
   
43,934
      22.5 %    
45,941
      22.1 %    
88,387
      22.7 %    
92,052
      22.2 %
Gain on sale of land
   
-
      0.0 %    
-
      0.0 %     (2,637 )     (0.7 )%    
-
      0.0 %
Total operating expenses
   
60,872
      31.2 %    
65,149
      31.3 %    
121,347
      31.1 %    
130,748
      31.5 %
Operating income
   
16,023
      8.2 %    
19,307
      9.3 %    
31,147
      8.0 %    
37,254
      9.0 %
Interest and other income (expense), net
   
267
      0.1 %    
1,793
      0.8 %    
1,252
      0.3 %    
3,127
      0.7 %
Income before income taxes
   
16,290
      8.3 %    
21,100
      10.1 %    
32,399
      8.3 %    
40,381
      9.7 %
Income tax expense
   
3,765
      1.9 %    
4,578
      2.2 %    
7,583
      1.9 %    
8,884
      2.1 %
Net income
  $
12,525
      6.4 %   $
16,522
      7.9 %   $
24,816
      6.4 %   $
31,497
      7.6 %
 
Audio Communications Group

(in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
   
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
                                                 
Net revenues
  $
163,034
      100.0 %   $
181,047
      100.0 %   $
326,770
      100.0 %   $
366,619
      100.0 %
Cost of revenues
   
91,528
      56.1 %    
96,163
      53.1 %    
185,191
      56.7 %    
195,959
      53.4 %
Gross profit
   
71,506
      43.9 %    
84,884
      46.9 %    
141,579
      43.3 %    
170,660
      46.6 %
                                                                 
Operating expense:
                                                               
Research, development and engineering
   
14,543
      8.9 %    
16,194
      8.9 %    
30,560
      9.4 %    
32,978
      9.0 %
Selling, general and administrative
   
36,199
      22.3 %    
39,020
      21.6 %    
72,076
      22.0 %    
79,026
      21.6 %
Gain on sale of land
   
-
      0.0 %    
-
      0.0 %     (2,637 )     (0.8 )%    
-
      0.0 %
Total operating expenses
   
50,742
      31.2 %    
55,214
      30.5 %    
99,999
      30.6 %    
112,004
      30.6 %
Operating income
  $
20,764
      12.7 %   $
29,670
      16.4 %   $
41,580
      12.7 %   $
58,656
      16.0 %
 
 
Audio Entertainment Group

(in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
   
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2006
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
 
                                                 
Net revenues
  $
31,900
      100.0 %   $
27,177
      100.0 %   $
63,233
      100.0 %   $
48,100
      100.0 %
Cost of revenues
   
26,511
      83.1 %    
27,605
      101.6 %    
52,318
      82.7 %    
50,758
      105.5 %
Gross profit (loss)
   
5,389
      16.9 %     (428 )     (1.6 )%    
10,915
      17.3 %     (2,658 )     (5.5 )%
                                                                 
Operating expense:
                                                               
Research, development and engineering
   
2,395
      7.5 %    
3,014
      11.1 %    
5,037
      8.0 %    
5,718
      11.9 %
Selling, general and administrative
   
7,735
      24.3 %    
6,921
      25.4 %    
16,311
      25.8 %    
13,026
      27.1 %
Total operating expenses
   
10,130
      31.8 %    
9,935
      36.5 %    
21,348
      33.8 %    
18,744
      39.0 %
Operating loss
  $ (4,741 )     (14.9 )%   $ (10,363 )     (38.1 )%   $ (10,433 )     (16.5 )%   $ (21,402 )     (44.5 )%
 
NET REVENUES
 
Audio Communications Group
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
   
 
   
 
               
 
   
 
             
Net revenues from unaffiliated customers:
 
 
   
 
               
 
   
 
             
Office and Contact Center
  $
115,813
    $
131,357
    $
15,544
      13.4 %   $
230,080
    $
263,562
    $
33,482
      14.6 %
Mobile
   
33,199
     
35,859
     
2,660
      8.0 %    
69,005
     
77,097
     
8,092
      11.7 %
Gaming and Computer Audio
   
7,727
     
8,277
     
550
      7.1 %    
15,016
     
14,762
      (254 )     (1.7 )%
Other Specialty Products
   
6,295
     
5,554
      (741 )     (11.8 )%    
12,669
     
11,198
      (1,471 )     (11.6 )%
Total segment net revenues
  $
163,034
    $
181,047
    $
18,013
      11.0 %   $
326,770
    $
366,619
    $
39,849
      12.2 %
 
Audio Entertainment Group

   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Net revenues from unaffiliated customers:
                                               
Docking Audio
  $
15,562
    $
13,615
    $ (1,947 )     (12.5 )%   $
32,992
    $
23,906
    $ (9,086 )     (27.5 )%
PC Audio
   
13,866
     
12,627
      (1,239 )     (8.9 )%    
25,718
     
21,075
      (4,643 )     (18.1 )%
Other
   
2,472
     
935
      (1,537 )     (62.2 )%    
4,523
     
3,119
      (1,404 )     (31.0 )%
Total segment net revenues
  $
31,900
    $
27,177
    $ (4,723 )     (14.8 )%   $
63,233
    $
48,100
    $ (15,133 )     (23.9 )%
 
The increase in net revenues in both the three and six month periods ended September 30, 2007 is attributable to the ACG segment, whose revenues accounted for approximately 87% of consolidated net revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 and 88% for the six months ended September 30, 2007.  The increase in ACG revenues is primarily the result of our ability to grow our revenues for office wireless headset systems in Europe and Asia.  AEG net revenues decreased compared to the same periods a year ago and accounted for approximately 13% of net revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 and 12% for the six months ended September 30, 2007.  We are working on the next generation of products for AEG  with the goal of creating a sufficiently competitive portfolio thereby increasing revenues and improving profitability and market share.


ACG

ACG designs, manufactures, markets and sells headsets for business and consumer applications, and other specialty products for select markets.  We make products for use in offices and contact centers, with mobile and cordless phones, and with computers and gaming consoles.

Office and Contact Center (“OCC”) products represent our largest source of revenues while Mobile products represent our largest unit volumes.  Revenues may vary due to the timing of the introduction of new products, seasonality, discounts and other incentives and channel mix. There has been a growing trend toward wireless products and a corresponding shift away from our corded products.  Wireless products represented 53% of net revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 compared to 47% in the second quarter of fiscal 2007.

We have a “book and ship” business model, whereby we ship most orders to our customers within 48 hours of receipt of those orders.  Thus, we cannot rely on the level of backlog to provide visibility into potential future revenues.

Fluctuations in the net revenues of ACG for the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same quarter a year ago were as follows:

 
·
increased net revenues in our OCC product category with cordless products, which primarily consists of wireless office systems, comprising $14.0 million of the increase and corded products representing an increase of $1.5 million.  Most of the corded revenue growth was driven internationally in Asia Pacific and Europe;
 
·
increased net revenues in our Mobile product category with an increase in net revenues from Bluetooth headsets of $4.6 million, offset in part by net revenues from corded mobile headsets which declined by $1.9 million.

Fluctuations in the net revenues of ACG for the six months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period a year ago were as follows:

 
·
in our OCC product category, cordless products comprised $25.6 million of the increase and net revenues from corded products represented an increase of $7.9 million.  Most of the corded revenue growth was derived internationally in Europe and in Asia Pacific;
 
·
in the Mobile product category, net revenues from Bluetooth headsets increased $12.4 million, while net revenues from corded mobile headsets declined by $4.3 million;
 
·
Other Specialty Product net revenues, which consist primarily of our Clarity products, decreased $1.5 million because some retail customers and distributors reduced the number of Clarity products they carry.
 
AEG
 
AEG is engaged in the design, manufacture, sales, marketing and support of audio solutions and related technologies.  Our product offerings include computer and digital audio systems, digital radio frequency audio systems, and portable audio products as well as headphones for personal digital media. Major product categories include Docking Audio, which is defined as all speakers whether AC or battery-powered that work with portable digital players, such as iPod and other MP3 players; PC Audio, which is defined as self-powered speaker systems used for computers and other multi-media application systems; and Other, which includes personal audio (headphones) and home audio systems.  Currently, all the revenues in AEG are derived from our Altec Lansing-branded products.
 
Altec Lansing products are primarily consumer goods sold in the retail channel, and sales are highly seasonal.  The strongest revenues typically occur in the December quarter due to the holiday period.

 

 
Fluctuations in the net revenues of AEG for the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same quarter a year ago were as follows:
 
 
·
decreased  Docking Audio net revenues of $1.9 million primarily in Europe as a result of a lack of significant new products in those regions along with continued competition in the MP3 accessories market;
 
·
decreased PC Audio net revenues of $1.2 million primarily in the U.S. and in Asia due to increased competition and price reductions;
 
·
decreased Other net revenues of $1.5 million primarily due to the transition of the Altec-branded headsets from the AEG segment to the ACG segment.

Fluctuations in the net revenues of AEG for the six months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period a year ago were as follows:

 
·
decreased Docking Audio net revenues of $9.1 million, primarily as a result of intense competition in the MP3 accessories market, particularly in the US, and our reduced share of the MP3 accessories market;
 
·
decreased PC Audio net revenues of $4.6 million, most significantly in the U.S., due to increased competition and price reductions;
 
·
decreased Other net revenues of $1.4 million primarily due to the transition of the Altec-branded headsets from the AEG segment to the ACG segment.
 
Geographical Information
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
   
 
   
 
               
 
   
 
             
Net revenues from unaffiliated customers:
 
 
   
 
               
 
   
 
             
United States
  $
122,782
    $
126,657
    $
3,875
      3.2 %   $
249,682
    $
257,952
    $
8,270
      3.3 %
                                                                 
Europe, Middle East and Africa
   
43,890
     
49,937
     
6,047
      13.8 %    
85,828
     
99,367
     
13,539
      15.8 %
Asia Pacific and Latin America
   
19,131
     
23,776
     
4,645
      24.3 %    
38,173
     
42,917
     
4,744
      12.4 %
Canada and other international
   
9,131
     
7,854
      (1,277 )     (14.0 )%    
16,320
     
14,483
      (1,837 )     (11.3 )%
Total international
   
72,152
     
81,567
     
9,415
      13.0 %    
140,321
     
156,767
     
16,446
      11.7 %
    $
194,934
    $
208,224
    $
13,290
      6.8 %   $
390,003
    $
414,719
    $
24,716
      6.3 %
 
International net revenues increased from 37% and 36% of total net revenues for the three and six months ended September, 30 2006 to 39% and 38% for the same periods in fiscal 2008 due to the strength of our Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) business in ACG.  Our domestic business decreased as a percentage of total net revenues from 63% and 64% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2006 to 61% and 62% for the same periods in fiscal 2008, but increased by $3.9 million and $8.3 million, respectively primarily due to growth in ACG, offset by decreases in AEG.  The decreases in AEG net revenues were primarily attributable to a lack of significant new product launches in the PC Audio line in the U.S. and continued pricing pressure due to competition.


 
COST OF REVENUES AND GROSS PROFIT (LOSS)
 
 
Cost of revenues consists primarily of direct manufacturing and contract manufacturer costs, including material and direct labor, our operations management team and indirect labor such as supervisors and warehouse workers, freight expense, warranty expense, reserves for excess and obsolete inventory, depreciation, royalties, and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities and IT costs.
 
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Consolidated
                                               
Net revenues
  $
194,934
    $
208,224
    $
13,290
      6.8 %   $
390,003
    $
414,719
    $
24,716
      6.3 %
Cost of revenues
   
118,039
     
123,768
     
5,729
      4.9 %    
237,509
     
246,717
     
9,208
      3.9 %
Consolidated gross profit
  $
76,895
    $
84,456
    $
7,561
      9.8 %   $
152,494
    $
168,002
    $
15,508
      10.2 %
Consolidated gross profit %
    39.4 %     40.6 %    
1.2
   
ppt.
      39.1 %     40.5 %    
1.4
   
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Communications Group
                                                               
Net revenues
  $
163,034
    $
181,047
    $
18,013
      11.0 %   $
326,770
    $
366,619
    $
39,849
      12.2 %
Cost of revenues
   
91,528
     
96,163
     
4,635
      5.1 %    
185,191
     
195,959
     
10,768
      5.8 %
Segment gross profit
  $
71,506
    $
84,884
    $
13,378
      18.7 %   $
141,579
    $
170,660
    $
29,081
      20.5 %
Segment gross profit %
    43.9 %     46.9 %    
3.0
   
ppt.
      43.3 %     46.6 %    
3.3
   
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Entertainment Group
                                                               
Net revenues
  $
31,900
    $
27,177
    $ (4,723 )     (14.8 )%   $
63,233
    $
48,100
    $ (15,133 )     (23.9 )%
Cost of revenues
   
26,511
     
27,605
     
1,094
      4.1 %    
52,318
     
50,758
      (1,560 )     (3.0 )%
Segment gross profit (loss)
  $
5,389
    $ (428 )   $ (5,817 )     (107.9 )%   $
10,915
    $ (2,658 )   $ (13,573 )     (124.4 )%
Segment gross profit (loss) %
    16.9 %     (1.6 )%     (18.5 )  
ppt.
      17.3 %     (5.5 )%     (22.8 )  
ppt.
 
 
 
The increase in consolidated gross profit in both the three and six month periods ended September 30, 2007 is attributable to the ACG segment, whose gross profit accounts for approximately 101% of consolidated gross profit, offset by AEG gross losses which account for approximately (1%) in the second quarter of fiscal 2008 and 102% of consolidated gross profit, offset by AEG gross losses which account for approximately (2%) for the six months ended September 30, 2007.

Fluctuations in the gross profit (loss) of ACG and AEG for the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same quarter a year ago were as follows:

 ACG

The increase in gross profit was primarily due to higher net revenues.  As a percentage of net revenues, gross profit increased 3.0 percentage points primarily due to the following:

 
·
cost reductions on office wireless and Bluetooth products;
 
·
better absorption of fixed costs and improved productivity in our manufacturing processes and improved absorption of fixed costs which yielded a 0.4 percentage point improvement;
 
·
a $0.7 million reduction in excess and obsolete inventory costs which yielded a 0.6 percentage point improvement.

These reductions to cost were partially offset by an increase of $1.8 million in warranty costs primarily due to increased sales of mobile and entertainment products through retail channels where the open box warranty returns often occur more frequently than through other sales channels.

 
AEG
 
As a percentage of net revenues, gross profit decreased 18.5 percentage points to a loss primarily due to the following:

 
·
a decrease in the standard margin of approximately $4.6 million or 10.0 percentage points, due to overall decreased sales, the change in the product mix and pricing erosion on the existing product lines;
 
·
the write-off of the professional audio existing technology intangible as a result of the decision to terminate this product line which caused a decrease of 2.0 percentage points;
 
·
increased duty expense resulting in a 1.7 percentage point decline;
 
·
increased freight out which yielded a 1.2 percentage point decline;
 
·
increased royalty expense due to the specific product mix which caused a decrease of 0.9 percentage points.
 
Fluctuations in the gross profit (loss) of ACG and AEG for the six months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period a year ago were as follows:

ACG

The increase in gross profit was primarily due to higher net revenues.  As a percentage of net revenues, gross profit increased 3.3 percentage points primarily due to the following:

 
·
cost reductions on wireless office and Bluetooth products;
 
·
a $1.6 million reduction in excess and obsolete inventory costs which yielded a 0.6 percentage point improvement.
 
·
improved productivity in our manufacturing processes which yielded a 1.0 percentage point improvement;

These reductions to cost were partially offset by an increase of $4.8 million in warranty costs primarily due to increased sales of mobile and entertainment products through retail channels where the open box warranty returns often occur more frequently than through other sales channels.
 
AEG
 
As a percentage of net revenues, gross profit decreased 22.8 percentage points to a loss primarily due to the following:

 
·
a decrease in the standard margin of $9.7 million or 7.8 percentage points due to a 24% decline in the overall sales volume, the change in the product mix, and reduced selling prices of the existing products;
 
·
an increase in  excess and obsolete inventory costs of approximately $1.9 million which caused a 5.1 percentage point decline;
 
·
increased production related scrap and rework expense which yielded a 2.6 percentage point decline;
 
·
the write-off of the professional audio existing technology intangible as a result of the decision to terminate this product line, which caused a decrease of 1.9 percentage points;
 
·
increased duty expense resulting in a 1.4 percentage point decline.
 

For both our segments, product mix has a significant impact on gross profit as there can be significant variances between our higher and our lower margin products.  Therefore, small variations in product mix, which can be difficult to predict, can have a significant impact on gross profit.  In addition, if we do not properly anticipate changes in demand, we can, and have, experienced significant costs associated with writing off excess and obsolete inventory or incurring charges for adverse purchase commitments.  While we are focused on actions to improve our gross profit through supply chain management, improvements in product launches, increasing the utilization of manufacturing capacity, particularly in our new facility in Suzhou, China, and improving the effectiveness of our marketing programs, there can be no assurance that these actions will be successful.  Gross profit may also vary based on return rates, the amount of product sold for which royalties are required to be paid, the rate at which royalties are calculated, and other factors.

RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING
 
Research, development and engineering costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of compensation costs, outside services, including legal fees associated with protecting our intellectual property, expensed materials, depreciation and an allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities, human resources, and IT costs.
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Consolidated
                                               
Research, development and engineering
  $
16,938
    $
19,208
    $
2,270
      13.4 %   $
35,597
    $
38,696
    $
3,099
      8.7 %
% of total consolidated net revenues
    8.7 %     9.2 %    
0.5
   
ppt.
      9.1 %     9.3 %    
0.2
   
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Communications Group
                                                               
Research, development and engineering
  $
14,543
    $
16,194
    $
1,651
      11.4 %   $
30,560
    $
32,978
    $
2,418
      7.9 %
% of total segment net revenues
    8.9 %     8.9 %    
-
   
ppt.
      9.4 %     9.0 %     (0.4 )  
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Entertainment Group
                                                               
Research, development and engineering
  $
2,395
    $
3,014
    $
619
      25.8 %   $
5,037
    $
5,718
    $
681
      13.5 %
% of total segment net revenues
    7.5 %     11.1 %    
3.6
   
ppt.
      8.0 %     11.9 %    
3.9
   
ppt.
 
 
In the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods a year ago, consolidated research, development and engineering expenses increased primarily due to increased compensation costs. The majority of the increase in research, development and engineering expenses is attributable to the ACG segment.

The $1.7 million and $2.4 million increase in ACG expenses in the three and six months periods ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods a year ago is primarily related to compensation expenses at our design centers in the U.S., Mexico, and Suzhou, China. 

Projects that the research, development and engineering departments focused on were:

 
·
the design and development of wireless office system products;
 
·
Bluetooth products and technology;
 
·
product line platforming;
 
·
refresh of product lines for AEG. 
 
We anticipate that our consolidated research, development and engineering expenses will continue to increase in the remainder of fiscal 2008 due to continued expenditures for wireless office and wireless mobile products as well as increased expenditures related to revitalizing our AEG products.
 
 
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
 
Selling, general and administrative expense consists primarily of compensation costs, professional service fees, litigation costs, marketing costs, bad debt expense and allocation of overhead expenses, including facilities, human resources and IT costs.
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Consolidated
                                               
Selling, general and administrative
  $
43,934
    $
45,941
    $
2,007
      4.6 %   $
88,387
    $
92,052
    $
3,665
      4.1 %
% of total consolidated net revenues
    22.5 %     22.1 %     (0.4 )  
ppt.
      22.7 %     22.2 %     (0.5 )  
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Communications Group
                                                               
Selling, general and administrative
  $
36,199
    $
39,020
    $
2,821
      7.8 %   $
72,076
    $
79,026
    $
6,950
      9.6 %
% of total segment net revenues
    22.3 %     21.6 %     (0.7 )  
ppt.
      22.0 %     21.6 %     (0.4 )  
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Entertainment Group
                                                               
Selling, general and administrative
  $
7,735
    $
6,921
    $ (814 )     (10.5 )%   $
16,311
    $
13,026
    $ (3,285 )     (20.1 )%
% of total segment net revenues
    24.3 %     25.4 %    
1.1
   
ppt.
      25.8 %     27.1 %    
1.3
   
ppt.
 
 
In the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods a year ago, consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to increased compensation as a result of higher headcount in the sales and marketing functions and higher bonus and commission cost associated with higher net revenues and profits in ACG, partially offset by a decrease in expenses in AEG.

Fluctuations in the selling, general and administrative expenses of ACG and AEG for the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same quarter a year ago were as follows:

ACG

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to the following:

 
·
increased compensation expense of $2.7 million primarily as a result of merit increases and higher bonus and commission costs associated with higher net revenues and profits;
 
·
increased travel expenses primarily in the sales and marketing functions of  $0.7 million.

These increases were partially offset by reductions in several other expense categories that are individually insignificant, but collectively total $0.6 million.
 
AEG
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased due to the following:
 
 
·
decreased compensation expense of $0.6 million primarily related to employee turnover along with decreased bonuses corresponding to the decreased profit in the segment.
 
 

 
Fluctuations in the selling, general and administrative expenses of ACG and AEG for the six months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same period a year ago were as follows:
 
ACG

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to the following:

 
·
increased compensation expense of $5.2 million as a result of annual payroll increases and higher bonus and commission costs associated with higher net revenues and profits;
 
·
increased marketing program expenses of $2.3 million primarily in EMEA advertising and promotional expenses;
 
·
increased equipment expenses of $0.7 million.
 
These increases were partially offset by reductions in several other expense categories that were individually insignificant, but collectively totaled  $1.2 million.
 
AEG
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased due to the following:
 
 
·
decreased compensation expense of $1.5 million primarily related to employee turnover and the decreased bonuses reflecting the decreased profit in the segment;
 
·
decreased spending on integration of $0.6 million as we have completed significant portions of our planned systems integration;
 
·
decreased retail representative commissions of $0.6 million due to decreased revenues.
 
We anticipate that our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses will continue to increase in the remainder of fiscal 2008 due to the introduction of certain sales and marketing programs.
 
GAIN ON SALE OF LAND
 
During the first quarter of fiscal 2007, we had a non-recurring transaction in which we sold a parcel of land in Frederick, Maryland, for net proceeds of $2.7 million and recorded a gain of $2.6 million from the sale of this property.
 
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Consolidated
                                               
Operating income
  $
16,023
    $
19,307
    $
3,284
      20.5 %   $
31,147
    $
37,254
    $
6,107
      19.6 %
% of total consolidated net revenues
    8.2 %     9.3 %    
1.1
   
ppt.
      8.0 %     9.0 %    
1.0
   
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Communications Group
                                                               
Operating income
  $
20,764
    $
29,670
    $
8,906
      42.9 %   $
41,580
    $
58,656
    $
17,076
      41.1 %
% of total segment net revenues
    12.7 %     16.4 %    
3.7
   
ppt.
      12.7 %     16.0 %    
3.3
   
ppt.
 
                                                                 
Audio Entertainment Group
                                                               
Operating loss
  $ (4,741 )   $ (10,363 )   $
5,622
      118.6 %   $ (10,433 )   $ (21,402 )   $
10,969
      105.1 %
% of total segment net revenues
    (14.9 )%     (38.1 )%    
23.2
   
ppt.
      (16.5 )%     (44.5 )%    
28.0
   
ppt.
 
 
In the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods a year ago, consolidated operating income increased due to higher net revenues and improved gross profit in ACG, despite the absence of the $2.6 million gain on sale of land recognized in the first quarter of fiscal 2007.  The improved operating results in ACG were partially offset by increased operating losses in AEG, primarily due to lower net revenues and increased charges for excess and obsolete inventory.

 
INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Consolidated
                                               
Interest and other income (expense), net
  $
267
    $
1,793
    $
1,526
      571.5 %   $
1,252
    $
3,127
    $
1,875
      149.8 %
% of total consolidated net revenues
    0.1 %     0.8 %    
0.7
   
ppt.
      0.3 %     0.7 %    
0.4
   
ppt.
 
 
In the three and six months ended September 30, 2007, compared to the same periods a year ago, interest and other income (expense), net increased primarily due to higher interest income as a result of higher average cash balances and lower interest expense resulting from the repayment of our line of credit in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007.  At September 30, 2007, there were no outstanding borrowings under the credit facility compared to $1.0 million as of September 30, 2006. 
 
INCOME TAX EXPENSE
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
   
Six Months Ended
September 30,
   
Increase
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
   
2006
   
2007
   
(Decrease)
 
                                                 
Consolidated
                                               
Income before income taxes
  $
16,290
    $
21,100
    $
4,810
      29.5 %   $
32,399
    $
40,381
    $
7,982
      24.6 %
Income tax expense
   
3,765
     
4,578
     
813
      21.6 %    
7,583
     
8,884
     
1,301
      17.2 %
Net income
  $
12,525
    $
16,522
    $
3,997
      31.9 %   $
24,816
    $
31,497
    $
6,681
      26.9 %
Effective tax rate
    23.1 %     21.7 %     (1.4 )  
ppt.
      23.4 %     22.0 %     (1.4 )  
ppt.
 
 
The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007 was 21.7% and 22.0% compared to 23.1% and 23.4% for the same periods a year ago. The effective tax rate is lower than the previous year due to a decline in U.S. income, primarily due to the losses of AEG. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate due to the impact of foreign operations taxed at different statutory rates, income tax credits, state taxes, and other factors. The future quarterly tax rate could be impacted by a shift in the mix of domestic and foreign income; tax treaties with foreign jurisdictions; changes in tax laws in the United States or internationally; or a change in estimates of future taxable income which results in a valuation allowance being required.
 
On April 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on income tax expense must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized unless it has a greater than 50% likelihood of being sustained. There were no material adjustments as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. At the adoption date, we had $13.5 million of unrecognized tax benefits, $10.9 million of which would affect our income tax expense if recognized. The remaining balance of the unrecognized tax benefits of $2.6 million would be an adjustment to goodwill.  As of September 30, 2007, we had $15.3 million of unrecognized tax benefits. The Company expects resolution of some uncertain tax positions within the next 12 months.  Favorable resolution of these uncertainties would result in a significant benefit to income tax expense.

 
It is our continuing practice to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
 
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal and state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2003. Foreign income tax matters for most foreign jurisdictions have been concluded for years through 2001.
 
FINANCIAL CONDITION
 
The table below provides selected condensed consolidated cash flow information for the periods presented:
 
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
(in thousands)
 
2006
   
2007
 
             
Cash provided by operating activities
  $
15,507
    $
41,547
 
                 
Cash used for capital expenditures and other assets
    (15,679 )     (11,893 )
Cash used for other investing activities
    (1,036 )     (43,850 )
Cash used for investing activities
    (16,715 )     (55,743 )
                 
Cash (used for) provided by financing activities
  $ (17,338 )   $
5,015
 
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
Cash flows from operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2007 consisted of net income of $31.5 million, non-cash charges of $24.5 million and working capital uses of cash of $14.5 million.  Non-cash charges relate primarily to $14 million of depreciation and amortization, provision for excess and obsolete inventory of $8.4 million and $7.9 million of stock-based compensation under SFAS No. 123(R).  Working capital uses of cash consisted primarily of increases in inventory and accounts receivable.  Inventory increased to support higher overall volumes and the transition of manufacturing of consumer headsets to our manufacturing facility in Suzhou, China and accounts receivable increased due to higher net revenues.  Days Sales Outstanding as of September 30, 2007 was 56 days compared to 53 days as of March 31, 2007.  Working capital sources of cash consisted primarily of increases in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and income taxes payable which fluctuate with the timing of payments.
 
Cash flows from operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2006 consisted of net income of $24.8 million, non-cash charges of $25.8 million and working capital uses of cash of $35.1 million.  Non-cash charges relate primarily to $14.4 million of depreciation and amortization, provision for excess and obsolete inventory of $8.1 million and $8.4 million of stock-based compensation under SFAS No. 123(R).  Working capital uses of cash consisted primarily of increases in inventory and accounts receivable and working capital sources of cash consisted primarily of increases in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and income taxes payable which fluctuate with the timing of payments.
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
Net cash flows used for investing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2007 primarily consisted of net purchases of short-term investments of $43.9 million and capital expenditures of $11.9 million.  For the six months ended September 30, 2006, net cash flows used for investing activities primarily consisted of capital expenditures of $15.7 million and net purchases of short-term investments of $1.0 million.
 
 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2007 primarily consisted of $5.9 million in proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options, $2.6 million in proceeds from the sale of treasury stock and $1.3 million of excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation, which was partially offset by dividend payments of $4.8 million.  For the six months ended September 30, 2006, net cash flows used for financing activities primarily consisted of $12.0 million related to the repayment of the line of credit, $4.0 million related to the repurchase of common stock and dividend payments of $4.8 million.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our primary discretionary cash requirements historically have been for capital expenditures, including tooling for new products and leasehold improvements for facilities expansion.  For the remainder of fiscal 2008, we expect to spend $17 to $22 million in capital expenditures, primarily for completing the expansion of our facilities in Santa Cruz, tooling, and IT systems.
 
At September 30, 2007, we had working capital of $314.2 million, including $139.9 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, compared with working capital of $258.4 million, including $103.4 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at March 31, 2007.
 
We have a $100 million revolving line of credit and a letter of credit sub-facility. Borrowings under the line of credit are unsecured and bear interest at the London inter-bank offered rate (“LIBOR”) plus 0.75%.  The line of credit expires on August 1, 2010. The line of credit was fully repaid in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007.  At September 30, 2007, there were no outstanding borrowings under the credit facility and our commitments under a letter of credit sub-facility were $0.4 million. The amounts outstanding under the letter of credit sub-facility are principally associated with purchases of inventory. The terms of the credit facility contain covenants that materially limit our ability to incur additional debt and pay dividends, among other matters.  It also requires us to maintain, in addition to a minimum annual net income, a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum quick ratio. These covenants may adversely affect us to the extent we cannot comply with them. We are currently in compliance with the covenants under the credit facility.

We enter into foreign currency forward-exchange contracts, which typically mature in one month, to hedge our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations of foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, and cash balances. We record on the balance sheet at each reporting period the fair value of our forward-exchange contracts and record any fair value adjustments in results of operations. Gains and losses associated with currency rate changes on contracts are recorded within interest and other income (expense), net, offsetting transaction gains and losses on the related assets and liabilities.

We also have a hedging program to hedge a portion of forecasted revenues denominated in the Euro and Great British Pound with put and call option contracts used as collars.  At each reporting period, we record the net fair value of our unrealized option contracts on the balance sheet with related unrealized gains and losses as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate element of stockholders’ equity.  Gains and losses associated with realized option contracts are recorded within revenue.

Our liquidity, capital resources, and results of operations in any period could be affected by the exercise of outstanding stock options, sale of restricted stock to employees, and the issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan.  Further, the resulting increase in the number of outstanding shares could affect our per share earnings.  However, we cannot predict the timing or amount of proceeds from the sale or exercise of these securities, or whether they will be exercised at all.

Our AEG segment has incurred operating losses, utilizing more cash than has been generated by that segment.  AEG’s cash deficits have been funded by the cash surpluses generated by ACG.  We anticipate that ACG’s cash surpluses will be sufficient to cover any cash deficits generated by AEG during the AEG turnaround.

We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents and cash provided by operations, and our line of credit will be sufficient to fund operations for at least the next twelve months. However, any projections of future financial needs and sources of working capital are subject to uncertainty.  See “Certain Forward-Looking Information” and “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for factors that could affect our estimates for future financial needs and sources of working capital.


OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We have not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities whereby we have financial guarantees, subordinated retained interests, derivative instruments or other contingent arrangements that expose us to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or any other obligation under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing and liquidity support or market risk or credit risk support to the Company.
 
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table summarizes the contractual obligations as of September 30, 2007, and the effect that such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods:

   
Payments Due by Period
 
         
Less
than
     
1-3
     
3-5
   
More
than
 
(in thousands)
 
Total
   
1 year
   
   years
   
   years
   
5 years
 
   
 
   
 
                   
 
 
Operating leases
  $
17,719
    $
2,615
    $
11,116
    $
2,837
    $
1,151
 
Unconditional purchase obligations
   
2,501
     
2,501
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Total contractual cash obligations
  $
20,220
    $
5,116
    $
11,116
    $
2,837
    $
1,151
 
 
As discussed in Note 8 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we adopted the provisions of FIN 48 as of April 1, 2007.  At September 30, 2007, we had a liability for unrecognized tax benefits and an accrual for the payment of related interest totaling $15.3 million, which we do not expect to be due within the next 12 months.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
For a complete description of what we believe to be the critical accounting policies that affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007.  We updated the following critical accounting policy during the first quarter of fiscal 2008.
 
Income Taxes
 
We are subject to income taxes both in the United States as well as in several foreign jurisdictions. Management must make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for the financial statements. These estimates occur in the calculation of tax benefits and deductions, tax credits, and tax assets and liabilities which are generated from differences in the timing of when items are recognized for book purposes and when they are recognized for tax purposes.
 
We account for income taxes under an asset and liability approach that requires the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between book and tax bases of assets and liabilities to be recognized as deferred tax assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets when, based on available objective evidence, it is more likely than not that the benefit of such assets will not be realized.
 
On April 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions. Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on income tax expense must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained.  An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized unless it has a greater than 50% likelihood of being sustained. There were no material adjustments as a result of the adoption of FIN 48. We continue to follow the practice of recognizing interest and penalties related to income tax matters as a part of the provision for income taxes.


Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”), which defines fair value, establishes guidelines for measuring fair value and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements but rather eliminates inconsistencies in guidance found in various prior accounting pronouncements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for the Company beginning on April 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the provisions of SFAS No. 157 on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 also amends certain provisions of SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS No. 115”). SFAS No. 159 is effective for the Company beginning on April 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS No. 159 on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In June 2007, the FASB ratified the EITF Issue No. 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development Activities”. EITF Issue No. 07-3 requires non-refundable advance payments for goods and services to be used in future research and development activities to be recorded as an asset and expensing the payments when the research and development activities are performed. EITF Issue No. 07-3 applies prospectively for new contractual arrangements entered into in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007.  The adoption of EITF Issue No. 07-3 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements or financial position.
 
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The following discusses our exposure to market risk related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.  This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties.  Actual results could vary materially as a result of a number of factors including those set forth in “Risk Factors”.

INTEREST RATE RISK

We had cash and cash equivalents totaling $94.1 million at March 31, 2007 compared to $86.4 million at September 30, 2007.  We had short-term investments of $9.2 million at March 31, 2007 and $53.5 million at September 30, 2007.  Cash equivalents have a maturity, when purchased, of three months or less.  Short-term investments have a maturity of greater than three months and are classified as available-for-sale.  All of our short-term investments are held in our name at a limited number of major financial institutions and consist of auction rate securities, concentrated primarily in student loans.  The taxable equivalent interest rates realized on these investments averaged 5.75% for the second quarter of fiscal 2008.

We applied the same modeling technique as we used at March 31, 2007 to measure the hypothetical changes in fair values in our short-term investments, excluding cash and cash equivalents, held at September 30, 2007 that are sensitive to changes in interest rates.  Based upon our analysis, the fair values did not change materially as our investments are of short duration.

As of October 27, 2007, we had no borrowings under the revolving line of credit facility and $0.4 million committed under the letter of credit sub-facility.  If we choose to borrow additional amounts under this facility in the future and market interest rates rise, then our interest payments would increase accordingly.


FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE RISK

We are engaged in a hedging strategy to diminish, and make more predictable, the effect of currency fluctuations.  We hedge our balance sheet exposure by hedging Euro and Great British Pound denominated receivables, payables, and cash balances, and our economic exposure by hedging a portion of anticipated Euro and Great British Pound denominated sales;  however, we can provide no assurance that our strategy will be successfully implemented and that exchange rate fluctuations will not materially adversely affect our business in the future.

Non-designated Hedges

We hedge our Euro and Great British Pound denominated receivables, payables and cash balances by entering into foreign exchange forward contracts.

The table below presents the impact of a hypothetical 10% appreciation and a 10% depreciation of the U.S. dollar against the forward currency contracts as of September 30, 2007 (in millions):

Currency - forward contracts
Position
 
USD Value
of Net FX
Contracts
   
FX
Gain (Loss)
From 10%
Appreciation of USD
   
FX
Gain (Loss)
From 10%
Depreciation
of USD
 
Euro
Sell Euro
  $
29.5
    $
2.9
    $ (2.9 )
Great British Pound
Sell GBP
   
11.8
     
1.2
      (1.2 )
Net position
 
  $
41.3
    $
4.1
    $ (4.1 )
 
Cash Flow Hedges

For the six months ended September 30, 2007, approximately 38% of net revenues were derived from sales outside the United States, which were predominately denominated in the Euro and the Great British Pound.

As of September 30, 2007, we had foreign currency call option contracts of approximately €50.1 million and £17.5 million denominated in Euros and Great British Pounds, respectively.  As of September 30, 2007, we also had foreign currency put option contracts of approximately €50.1 million and £17.5 million denominated in Euros and Great British Pounds, respectively.  Collectively, our option contracts hedge against a portion of our forecasted foreign denominated sales.

The table below presents the impact on our currency option contracts of a hypothetical 10% appreciation and a 10% depreciation of the U.S. dollar against the indicated option contract type for cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2007 (in millions):

Currency - option contracts
 
USD Value
of Net FX
Contracts
   
FX
Gain (Loss)
From 10%
Appreciation
of USD
   
FX
Gain (Loss)
From 10%
Depreciation
of USD
 
Call options
  $ (105.1 )   $
4.4
    $ (10.0 )
Put options
   
99.2
     
4.7
      (0.6 )
Net position
  $ (5.9 )   $
9.1
    $ (10.6 )
 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures
 
(a)
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
 
We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information relating to Plantronics, Inc. required to be disclosed in periodic filings under Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms.
 
In connection with the filing of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2007.
 
(b)
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II -- OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are presently engaged in various legal actions arising in the normal course of our business. We believe that it is unlikely that any of these actions will have a material adverse impact on our operating results. However, because of the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the outcome of any of these actions could be unfavorable and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  There were no material developments in the first two quarters of fiscal year 2008 in the litigation on which we reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007. 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Investors or potential investors in our stock should carefully consider the risks described below. Our stock price will reflect the performance of our business relative to, among other things, our competition, expectations of securities analysts or investors, and general economic market conditions and industry conditions. One should carefully consider the following factors in connection with any investment in our stock.  We have materially amended the second and third risk factors below from the corresponding risk factors  published in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007.  Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected if any of the following risks occur. Should any or all of the following risks materialize, the trading price of our stock could decline, and investors could lose all or part of their investment.
 
Our operating results are difficult to predict and fluctuations may cause volatility in the trading price of our common stock.
 
Given the nature of the markets in which we compete, our revenues and profitability are difficult to predict for many reasons, including the following:
 
 
·
our operating results are highly dependent on the volume and timing of orders received during the quarter, which are difficult to forecast. Customers generally order on an as-needed basis, and we typically do not obtain firm, long-term purchase commitments from our customers. As a result, our revenues in any quarter depend primarily on orders booked and shipped in that quarter;
 
 
·
we incur a large portion of our costs in advance of sales orders because we must plan research and production, order components and enter into development, sales and marketing, and other operating commitments prior to obtaining firm commitments from our customers. In the event we acquire too much inventory for certain products, the risk of future inventory write-downs increases. In the event we have inadequate inventory to meet the demand for particular products, we may miss significant revenue opportunities or incur significant expenses such as air freight, expediting shipments, and other negative variances in our manufacturing processes as we attempt to make up for the shortfall.  When a significant portion of our revenue is derived from new products, forecasting the appropriate volumes of production is even more difficult;
 
 
·
in the ACG segment, our prices and gross margins are generally lower for sales to Business-to-Consumer (“B2C”) customers compared to sales to our Business-to-Business (“B2B”) customers. In addition, our prices and gross margins can vary significantly by product line as well as within product lines.  Therefore, our profitability depends, in part, on the mix of our B2B to  B2C customers as well as our product mix.  In the AEG segment, our prices and gross margins are generally lower for our PC Audio products than our Docking Audio products.  Therefore, our profitability depends, in part, on our mix of PC Audio to Docking Audio products.  The size and timing of opportunities in these markets are difficult to predict;
 
 
 
·
we are working to refresh virtually the entire AEG product line; however, market adoption of new products is difficult to predict;
 
 
·
a significant portion of our annual retail sales for AEG generally occur in the third fiscal quarter, thereby increasing the difficulty of predicting revenues and profitability from quarter to quarter and in managing inventory levels;
 
 
·
fluctuations in currency exchange rates impact our revenues and profitability because we report our financial statements in U.S. dollars, whereas a significant portion of our sales to customers are transacted in other currencies, particularly the Euro and Great British Pound. Furthermore, fluctuations in foreign currencies impact our global pricing strategy resulting in our lowering or raising selling prices in a currency in order to avoid disparity with U.S. dollar prices and to respond to currency-driven competitive pricing actions;
 
 
·
because we have significant manufacturing operations in Mexico and China, fluctuations in currency exchange rates in those two countries can impact our gross profit and profitability.
 
Fluctuations in our operating results may cause volatility in the trading price of our common stock.
 
The failure of our suppliers to provide quality components or services in a timely manner could adversely affect our results.
 
Our growth and ability to meet customer demands depend in part on our ability to obtain timely deliveries of raw materials, components, sub-assemblies and products from our suppliers. We buy raw materials, components and sub-assemblies from a variety of suppliers and assemble them into finished products. We also have certain of our products manufactured for us by third party suppliers. The cost, quality, and availability of such goods are essential to the successful production and sale of our products. Obtaining raw materials, components, sub-assemblies and finished products entails various risks, including the following:
 
 
·
although we generally use standard raw materials, parts and components for our products, the high development costs associated with emerging wireless technologies permit us to work with only a single source of silicon chip-sets on any particular new product. We, or our chosen supplier of chip-sets, may experience challenges in designing, developing and manufacturing components in these new technologies which could affect our ability to meet market schedules. Due to our dependence on single suppliers for certain chip sets, we could experience higher prices, a delay in development of the chip-set, and/or the inability to meet our customer demand for these new products. Additionally, these supplier or other suppliers may discontinue production of the parts we depend on.  If this occurs, we may have difficulty obtaining sufficient product to meet our needs.  This could cause us to fail to meet customer expectations.  If customers turn to our competitors to meet their needs, there could be a long-term impact on our revenues and profitability.  Our business, operating results and financial condition could therefore be materially adversely affected as a result of these factors;
 
 
·
we have been put on notice by a single source supplier that chipsets used in headsets accounting for approximately 30% of ACG revenues are subject to an end-of-life notice.  We believe that we will be able to obtain sufficient quantities of these chipsets to last us for approximately one year, and we have reached an agreement with that supplier to obtain greater supplies of the chipset in the future.  However, the fulfillment of this agreement by the supplier is subject to the transfer of the supplier’s current chip fabrication facility to a new facility and our qualification of the new facility.  Thus, the timing of the delivery of additional quantities of the chips in the future may be uncertain.  We also have new products in development that can replace the products that use these chipsets.  These products are currently scheduled for release to volume production before we expect to exhaust supplies of the chipset currently in use.  However, there can be no assurance that we will complete the new products on schedule, that the cost of those products will be similar to the current products and/or that our channels will accept the new products as rapidly as will be necessary to maintain revenue continuity.  If we are unable to obtain sufficient supplies of the current chipsets or commence volume production of the new products in a timely manner or otherwise remedy the situation before the current chipsets become unavailable our business, financial condition and results of operations will be materially and adversely affected;
 
35

 
 
·
if the chipsets from the aforementioned single source supplier become available, we may be unable to predict the last time buy quantities accurately, and we may experience excess or insufficient inventories of the chipsets.  This could cause us to either fail to produce sufficient quantities of our products to fill our customers’ orders or to have larger inventories that could lead to our writing off unusable product as excess and obsolete.  This may have an adverse effect on our financial results;      
 
 
·
rapid increases in production levels to meet unanticipated demand could result in higher costs for components and sub-assemblies, increased expenditures for freight to expedite delivery of required materials, and higher overtime costs and other expenses. These higher expenditures could lower our profit margins. Further, if production is increased rapidly, there may be decreased manufacturing yields, which may also lower our margins;
 
 
·
we obtain certain raw materials, sub-assemblies, components and products from single suppliers and alternate sources for these items are not readily available. To date, we have not experienced any significant interruptions in the supply of these raw materials, sub-assemblies, components and products. Adverse economic conditions could lead to a higher risk of failure of our suppliers to remain in business or to be able to purchase the raw materials, subcomponents and parts required by them to produce and provide to us the parts we need. An interruption in supply from any of our single source suppliers in the future would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations;
 
 
·
prices of certain components of raw materials, components and sub-assemblies may rise or fall depending upon global market conditions. In general, we are experiencing a net increase in the costs of these components.  If we are unable to pass these increases on to our customers or to achieve operating efficiencies that offset these increases, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected;
 
 
·
because of the lead times required to obtain certain raw materials, sub-assemblies, components and products from certain foreign suppliers, we may not be able to react quickly to changes in demand, potentially resulting in either excess inventories of such goods or shortages of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, components and products. Lead times are particularly long on silicon-based components incorporating radio frequency and digital signal processing technologies and such components are an increasingly important part of our product costs.  In particular, many B2C customer orders have shorter lead times than the component lead times, making it increasingly necessary to carry more inventory in anticipation of those orders, which may not materialize.  Failure in the future to match the timing of purchases of raw materials, sub-assemblies, components and products to demand could increase our inventories and/or decrease our revenues, consequently materially adversely affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations;
 
 
·
most of our suppliers are not obligated to continue to provide us with raw materials, components and sub-assemblies. Rather, we buy most raw materials, components and subassemblies on a purchase order basis. If our suppliers experience increased demand or shortages, it could affect deliveries to us. In turn, this would affect our ability to manufacture and sell products that are dependent on those raw materials, components and subassemblies.  Any such shortages would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
 
Acquisition and integration of Altec Lansing Technologies, Inc. has had and may continue to have an adverse effect on our financial condition.
 
There are inherent risks associated with our acquisition of Altec Lansing that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The risks faced in connection with this acquisition include among others:
 
 
·
competition may continue to increase in Altec Lansing’s markets more than expected;
 
 
·
Altec Lansing’s product sales and new product development may not evolve as anticipated. We are currently working on a product refresh which we are anticipating will take us at least fifteen months to complete.  There is no assurance that these new products will be successful, and the length of time required for this refresh may cause our customers to buy from our competitors;
 
 
·
we must be able to meet the market windows for Altec Lansing’s products;
 
 
·
we must be able to retain or obtain shelf space for these products in our sales channel;
 
 
·
we must retain or improve the brand recognition associated with the Altec Lansing brand during the turnaround;
 
 
·
we must control costs in the Altec Lansing business and make the business operations more efficient;
 
 
·
difficulties in integration of the operations, technologies, and products of Altec Lansing.  We have transitioned a significant portion of Altec Lansing’s operations onto our  ERP system; however, we have not completed our integration effort. There has been a significant cost to implement new systems and business processes.  We anticipate that there will continue to be significant business processes and internal controls which will change as a result of the integration;
 
 
·
diversion of management's attention from normal daily operations of the core business;
 
 
·
the potential loss of key employees of Altec Lansing and Plantronics;
 
 
·
cultural differences in the conduct of the business.
 
Mergers and acquisitions, particularly those of technology companies, are inherently risky, and no assurance can be given that this or any future acquisitions will be successful and will not materially adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition. We must also manage any acquisition-related growth effectively. In fiscal 2007 and continuing into fiscal 2008, we incurred significant losses from the Altec Lansing business.  If the anticipated future results of our AEG business do not materialize as expected, goodwill and other intangible assets which were recorded as a result of the acquisition could become impaired and could result in write-offs which would negatively impact our operating results.
 
If we do not match production to demand, we may lose business or our gross margins could be materially adversely affected.
 
Our industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, short-term customer commitments and rapid changes in demand. We determine production levels based on our forecasts of demand for our products. Actual demand for our products depends on many factors, which makes it difficult to forecast. We have experienced differences between our actual and our forecasted demand in the past and expect differences to arise in the future. Significant unanticipated fluctuations in supply or demand and the global trend towards consignment of products could cause the following operating problems, among others:
 
 
·
if forecasted demand does not develop, we could have excess inventory and excess capacity.  Over-forecast of demand could result in higher inventories of finished products, components and sub-assemblies. In addition, because our retail customers have pronounced seasonality, we must build inventory well in advance of the December quarter in order to stock up for the anticipated future demand.  If we were unable to sell these inventories, we would have to write off some or all of our inventories of excess products and unusable components and sub-assemblies. Excess manufacturing capacity could lead to higher production costs and lower margins;
 
 
 
·
if demand increases beyond that forecasted, we would have to rapidly increase production. We currently depend on suppliers to provide additional volumes of components and sub-assemblies, and we are experiencing greater dependence on single source suppliers; therefore, we might not be able to increase production rapidly enough to meet unexpected demand.  There could be short-term losses of sales while we are trying to increase production;
 
 
·
the introduction of Bluetooth and other wireless headsets presents many significant manufacturing, marketing and other operational risks and uncertainties:
 
 
·
our dependence on third parties to supply key components, many of which have long lead times;
 
 
·
our ability to forecast demand for the variety of products within this new product category for which relevant data is incomplete or unavailable;
 
 
·
 longer lead times with suppliers than commitments from some of our customers.
 
If we are unable to deliver products on time to meet the market window of our retail customers, we will lose opportunities to increase revenues and profits or we may incur penalties for late delivery.  We may also be unable to sell these finished goods, which would result in excess or obsolete inventory.
 
 
·
we are increasing the use of design and manufacturing of Bluetooth headset products at our new facilities in China.  Development of new wireless products and ramping of production can be complex.  Unexpected difficulties may arise.  Failure to meet our planned design deadlines or production quantities for new or existing products can adversely affect our financial results;
 
 
·
increasing production beyond planned capacity involves increased tooling, test equipment and hiring and training additional staff. Lead times to increase tooling and test equipment are typically several months, or more. Once such additional capacity is in place, we incur increased depreciation and the resulting overhead. Should we fail to ramp production once capacity is in place, we would not be able to absorb this incremental overhead, and this could lead to lower gross margins;
 
 
·
we are working on a new initiative to re-engineer our supply chain by implementing new product forecasting systems, increasing automation within supply chain activities, improving the integrity of our supply chain data, and creating dashboards in order to improve our ability to match production to demand.  If we are not able to successfully implement this initiative, we may not be able to meet demand or compete effectively with other companies who have successfully implemented similar initiatives.
 
Any of the foregoing problems could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
We have significant goodwill and intangible assets recorded on our balance sheet.  If the carrying value of our goodwill or intangible assets is not recoverable, an impairment loss must be recognized, which would adversely affect our financial results.
 
As a result of the acquisition of Altec Lansing and Volume Logic in fiscal 2006, we have significant goodwill and intangible assets recorded on our balance sheet. Certain events or changes in circumstances, such as the decision to exit the Professional Audio business, would require us to assess the recoverability of the carrying amount of our goodwill and intangible assets. We wrote off approximately $0.5 million in intangible assets associated with the Professional Audio product line in the AEG segment in September 2007.
 
 
The results of operations for our acquired Altec Lansing business have been negatively impacted by intense price competition, particularly in the Docking Audio products, and our new product introductions have not been as profitable as those in the prior year.  We have also had significant losses in fiscal 2007 and the first six months of fiscal 2008 from excess and obsolete inventory and non-cancelable purchase commitments.  If we are unable to successfully introduce new, profitable products and align the cost structure to the revenue base, our anticipated future cash flows from the Altec Lansing business could be negatively impacted.
 
We will continue to evaluate the recoverability of the carrying amount of our goodwill and intangible assets on an ongoing basis, and we may incur substantial impairment charges, which would adversely affect our financial results.  There can be no assurance that the outcome of such reviews in the future will not result in substantial impairment charges.
 
The success of our business depends heavily on our ability to effectively market our products, and our business could be materially adversely affected if markets do not develop as we expect.
 
We compete in the business market for the sale of our office and contact center products.  We believe that our greatest long-term opportunity for profit growth in ACG is in the office market, and our foremost strategic objective for this segment is to increase headset adoption. To this end, we are investing in creating new products that are more appealing in functionality and design as well as targeting certain vertical segments to increase sales.  If these investments do not generate incremental revenue, our business could be materially affected.  We are also experiencing a more aggressive and competitive environment with respect to price in our business markets, leading to increased order volatility which puts pressure on profitability and could result in a loss of market share if we do not respond effectively.
 
We also compete in the consumer market for the sale of our mobile, computer audio, gaming, Altec Lansing and Clarity products.  We believe that consumer marketing is highly relevant in the consumer market, which is dominated by large brands that have significant consumer mindshare.  We invested in marketing initiatives to raise awareness and consideration of the Plantronics brand. We believe this will help increase preference for Plantronics and promote headset adoption overall.  The consumer market is characterized by relatively rapid product obsolescence, and we are at risk if we do not have the right products at the right time to meet consumer needs.  In addition, some of our competitors have significant brand recognition, and we are experiencing more competition in pricing actions, which can result in significant losses and excess inventory.
 
If we are unable to stimulate growth in our business and consumer markets, if our costs to stimulate demand do not generate incremental profit, or if we experience significant price competition, our  business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could suffer.  In addition, failure to effectively market our products to customers in these markets could lead to lower and more volatile revenue and earnings, excess inventory and the inability to recover the associated development costs, any of which could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
 
Headset markets are also subject to general economic conditions and if there is a slowing of national or international economic growth, these markets may not materialize to the levels we require to achieve our anticipated financial results, which could in turn materially adversely affect the market price of our stock.  In particular, we may accept returns from our retailers of products that have failed to sell as expected, and, in some instances, such products may be returned to our inventory. Should product returns vary significantly from our estimate, then our estimated returns which net against revenue, may need to be revised.
 
Our business will be materially adversely affected if we are not able to develop, manufacture and market new products in response to changing customer requirements and new technologies.
 
The market for our products is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, short product life cycles and frequent new product introductions. As a result, we must continually introduce new products and technologies and enhance existing products in order to remain competitive.
 
The technology used in our products is evolving more rapidly now than it has historically, and we anticipate that this trend may accelerate. Historically, the technology used in lightweight communications headsets and speakers has evolved slowly. New products have primarily offered stylistic changes and quality improvements rather than significant new technologies. Our increasing reliance and focus on the consumer market has resulted in a growing portion of our products incorporating new technologies, experiencing shorter lifecycles and a need to offer deeper product lines. We believe this is particularly true for our newer emerging technology products especially in the speaker, mobile, computer, residential and certain parts of the office markets.  In particular, we anticipate a trend towards more integrated solutions that combine audio, video, and software functionality, while currently our focus is limited to audio products.
 
 
We are also experiencing a trend away from corded headsets to cordless products.  In general, our corded headsets have had higher gross margins than our cordless products.  In addition, we expect that office phones will begin to incorporate Bluetooth functionality, which would open the market to consumer Bluetooth headsets and reduce the demand for our traditional office telephony headsets and adapters as well as impacting potential revenues from our own wireless headset systems, resulting in lost revenue and lower margins.
 
The success of our products depends on several factors, including our ability to:
 
 
·
anticipate technology and market trends;
 
 
·
develop innovative new products and enhancements on a timely basis;
 
 
·
distinguish our products from those of our competitors;
 
 
·
manufacture and deliver high-quality products in sufficient volumes;
 
 
·
price our products competitively.
 
If we are unable to develop, manufacture, market and introduce enhanced or new products in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements, including changing fashion trends and styles, it will materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.  Furthermore, as we develop new generations of products more quickly, we expect that the pace of product obsolescence will increase concurrently.  The disposition of inventories of excess or obsolete products may result in reductions to our operating margins and materially adversely affect our earnings and results of operations.
 
We depend on original design manufacturers and contract manufacturers who may not have adequate capacity to fulfill our needs or may not meet our quality and delivery objectives.
 
Original design manufacturers and contract manufacturers produce key portions of our product lines for us. Our reliance on them involves significant risks, including reduced control over quality and logistics management, the potential lack of adequate capacity and loss of services. Financial instability of our manufacturers or contractors could result in our having to find new suppliers, which could increase our costs and delay our product deliveries. These manufacturers and contractors may also choose to discontinue building our products for a variety of reasons.
 
Consequently, we may experience delays in the timeliness, quality and adequacy of product deliveries, any of which could harm our business and operating results.
 
Demand for iPod products, which are produced by Apple, Inc., affects demand for certain Docking Audio products.
 
Certain of our Docking Audio products under our Altec Lansing brand were developed for use with Apple, Inc.’s (“Apple”) iPod products.  We have a non-exclusive right to use the Apple interface with certain of our Docking Audio products, and we are required to pay Apple a royalty for this right.  The risks faced in conjunction with our Apple related products include, among others:
 
 
·
if supply or demand for iPod products decreases, demand for certain of our Docking Audio products could be negatively affected;
 
 
·
if Apple does not renew or cancels our licensing agreement, our products may not be compatible with iPods, resulting in loss of revenues and excess inventories which would negatively impact our financial results;
 
 
 
·
if Apple changes its iPod product design more frequently than we update certain of our Docking Audio products, certain of our products may not be compatible with the changed design.  Moreover, if Apple makes style changes to its products more frequently than we update certain of our Docking Audio products, consumers may not like the look of our products with the iPod.  Both of these factors could result in decreased demand for our products and excess inventories could result which would negatively impact our financial results;
 
 
·
Apple has introduced its own line of iPod speaker products, which compete with certain of our Altec Lansing-branded speaker products.  As the manufacturer of the iPod, Apple has unique advantages with regard to product changes or introductions that we do not possess, which could negatively impact our ability to compete effectively against Apple’s speaker products.  Moreover, certain consumers may prefer to buy Apple’s iPod speakers rather than other vendors’ speakers because Apple is the manufacturer.  As a result, this could lead to decreased demand for our products and excess inventories could result which would negatively impact our financial results.
 
We sell our products through various channels of distribution that can be volatile and failure to establish successful relationships with our channel partners could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
 
We sell substantially all of our products through distributors, retailers, OEM customers and telephony service providers. Our existing relationships with these parties are not exclusive and can be terminated by either party without cause. Our channel partners also sell or can potentially sell products offered by our competitors. To the extent that our competitors offer our channel partners more favorable terms, such partners may decline to carry, de-emphasize or discontinue carrying our products. In the future, we may not be able to retain or attract a sufficient number of qualified channel partners. Further, such partners may not recommend, or continue to recommend, our products. In the future, our OEM customers or potential OEM customers may elect to manufacture their own products, similar to those we currently sell to them. The inability to establish or maintain successful relationships with distributors, OEM customers, retailers and telephony service providers or to expand our distribution channels could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
 
As a result of the growth of our B2C business, our customer mix is changing and certain retailers, OEM customers and wireless carriers are becoming significant.  This greater reliance on certain large customers could increase the volatility of our revenues and earnings. In particular, we have several large customers whose order patterns are difficult to predict. Offers and promotions by these customers may result in significant fluctuations of their purchasing activities over time.  If we are unable to anticipate the purchase requirements of these customers, our quarterly revenues may be adversely affected and/or we may be exposed to large volumes of inventory that cannot be immediately resold to other customers.
 
Our failure to effectively manage growth could harm our business.
 
We have rapidly and significantly expanded the number and types of products we sell, and we will endeavor to further expand our product portfolio. We must continually introduce new products and technologies, enhance existing products in order to remain competitive, and effectively stimulate customer demand for new products and upgraded versions of our existing products.
 
This expansion of our products places a significant strain on our management, operations and engineering resources. Specifically, the areas that are strained most by our growth include the following:
 
 
·
New Product Launch: With the growth of our product portfolio, we experience increased complexity in coordinating product development, manufacturing, and shipping. As this complexity increases, it places a strain on our ability to accurately coordinate the commercial launch of our products with adequate supply to meet anticipated customer demand and effective marketing to stimulate demand and market acceptance. If we are unable to scale and improve our product launch coordination, we could frustrate our customers and lose retail shelf space and product sales.
 
 
 
·
Forecasting, Planning and Supply Chain Logistics: With the growth of our product portfolio, we also experience increased complexity in forecasting customer demand and in planning for production, and transportation and logistics management. If we are unable to scale and improve our forecasting, planning and logistics management, we could frustrate our customers, lose product sales or accumulate excess inventory.;
 
 
·
Support Processes:  To manage the growth of our operations, we will need to continue to improve our transaction processing, operational and financial systems, and procedures and controls to effectively manage the increased complexity. If we are unable to scale and improve these areas, the consequences could include: delays in shipment of product, degradation in levels of customer support, lost sales, decreased cash flows, and increased inventory. These difficulties could harm or limit our ability to expand.
 
We have strong competitors and expect to face additional competition in the future. If we are unable to compete effectively, our results of operations may be adversely affected.
 
Certain of our markets are intensely competitive. They are characterized by a trend of declining average selling prices, competition on sales terms and conditions, continual performance enhancements and new features, as well as rapid adoption of technological and product advancements by competitors in our retail market. Also, aggressive industry pricing practices have resulted in downward pressure on margins from both our primary competitors as well as from less established brands.
 
Currently, our single largest competitor is GN Store Nord A/S (“GN”), a Danish telecommunications conglomerate. We are currently experiencing more price competition from GN in the business markets than in the past.  Motorola is a significant competitor in the consumer headset market, primarily in the mobile Bluetooth market, and has a brand name that is very well known and supported with significant marketing investments. Motorola also benefits from the ability to bundle other offerings with their headsets.  We are also experiencing additional competition from other consumer electronics companies that currently manufacture and sell mobile phones or computer peripheral equipment. These competitors generally are larger, offer broader product lines, bundle or integrate with other products’ communications headset tops and bases manufactured by them or others, offer products containing bases that are incompatible with our headset tops and have substantially greater financial, marketing and other resources than we do.
 
Competitors in audio devices vary by product line.   The most competitive product line is headsets for cell phones where we compete with Motorola, Nokia, GN Netcom’s Jabra brand, Sony Ericsson, Samsung, Jawbone, and Belkin among many others.  Many of these competitors have substantially greater resources than we have, and each of whom has established market positions in this business. In the PC and office and contact center markets, the largest competitor is GN Netcom as discussed above, as well as Sennheiser Communications.   For PC and gaming headset applications, our primary competitor is Logitech.  In the Audio Entertainment business, competitors include Bose, Apple, Logitech, Creative Labs, iHome, and Harman International.
 
Our product markets are intensely competitive and market leadership changes frequently as a result of new products, designs and pricing.  We also expect to face additional competition from companies, principally located in Asia Pacific, which offer very low cost headset products, including products that are modeled on, or are direct copies of our products. These new competitors are likely to offer very low cost products, which may result in pricing pressure in the market. If market prices are substantially reduced by such new entrants into the headset market, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
 
 
If we do not continue to distinguish our products, particularly our retail products, through distinctive, technologically advanced features, and design, as well as continue to build and strengthen our brand recognition, our business could be harmed.  In particular, Microsoft’s entry into the Universal Audio Architecture open access platform provides more value and functionality through software, and, as a result, reduces the opportunities for us to provide distinctive, technologically advanced features.  The effect of this trend may be to commoditize our headsets.  If we do not otherwise compete effectively, demand for our products could decline, our gross margins could decrease, we could lose market share, and our revenues and earnings could decline.
 
While we believe we comply with environmental laws and regulations, we are still exposed to potential risks associated with environmental regulations.
 
There are multiple initiatives in several jurisdictions regarding the removal of certain potential environmentally sensitive materials from our products to comply with the European Union and other Directives on Restrictions on certain Hazardous Substances on electrical and electronic equipment (“ROHS”) and on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (“WEEE”).  In certain jurisdictions the ROHS legislation has already been enacted as of July 1, 2006; however, other jurisdictions have delayed implementation. Some of our customers are requesting that we implement these new compliance standards sooner than the legislation would require. While we believe that we will have the resources and ability to fully meet our customers' requests, and the requirements of the ROHS and WEEE directives universally, if unusual occurrences arise, or, if we are wrong in our assessment of what it will take to fully comply, there is a risk that we will not be able to meet the aggressive schedule set by our customers or comply with the legislation as passed by the EU member states or other global jurisdictions. If that were to happen, a material negative effect on our financial results may occur.
 
We are subject to various federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations on a global basis, including those governing the use, discharge and disposal of hazardous substances in the ordinary course of our manufacturing process. Although we believe that our current manufacturing operations comply in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and regulations, it is possible that future environmental legislation may be enacted or current environmental legislation may be interpreted in any given country to create environmental liability with respect to our facilities, operations, or products.  To the extent that we incur claims for environmental matters exceeding reserves or insurance for environmental liability, our operating results could be negatively impacted.
 
Our products are subject to various regulatory requirements, and changes in such regulatory requirements may adversely impact our gross margins as we comply with such changes or reduce our ability to generate revenues if we are unable to comply.
 
Our products must meet the requirements set by regulatory authorities in the numerous jurisdictions in which we sell them. As regulations and local laws change, we must modify our products to address those changes. Regulatory restrictions may increase the costs to design and manufacture our products, resulting in a decrease in our margins or a decrease in demand for our products if the costs are passed along. Compliance with regulatory restrictions may impact the technical quality and capabilities of our products reducing their marketability.
 
Our stock price may be volatile and the value of your investment in Plantronics stock could be diminished.
 
The market price for our common stock may continue to be affected by a number of factors, including:
 
 
·
uncertain economic conditions and the decline in investor confidence in the market place;
 
 
·
changes in our published forecasts of future results of operations;
 
 
·
quarterly variations in our or our competitors' results of operations and changes in market share;
 
 
·
the announcement of new products or product enhancements by us or our competitors;
 
 
·
the loss of services of one or more of our executive officers or other key employees;
 
 
·
changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts;
 
 
 
·
developments in our industry;
 
 
·
sales of substantial numbers of shares of our common stock in the public market;
 
 
·
integration of the Altec Lansing business or market reaction to future acquisitions;
 
 
·
our ability to successfully complete the product refresh for the Altec Lansing products and turnaround the AEG business;
 
 
·
general economic, political, and market conditions, including market volatility;
 
 
·
other factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.
 
Our corporate tax rate may increase, which could adversely impact our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.
 
We have significant operations in various tax jurisdictions throughout the world, and a substantial portion of our taxable income historically has been generated in these jurisdictions. Currently, some of our operations are taxed at rates substantially lower than U.S. tax rates. If our income in these lower tax jurisdictions were no longer to qualify for these lower tax rates, if the applicable tax laws were rescinded or changed, or if the mix of our earnings shifts from lower rate jurisdictions to higher rate jurisdictions, our operating results could be materially adversely affected. While we are looking at opportunities to reduce our tax rate, there is no assurance that our tax planning strategies will be successful.  In addition, many of these strategies will require a period of time to implement.  Moreover, if U.S. or other foreign tax authorities were to change applicable foreign tax laws or successfully challenge the manner in which our profits are currently recognized, our overall taxes could increase, and our business, cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.  In addition, the adoption of FIN 48 in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 may add more variability to our future effective tax rates.
 
We have significant foreign manufacturing operations which are inherently risky.
 
We have recently completed construction of a manufacturing facility and design center in Suzhou, China.  We have begun to transition new products and outsourced production to our new facility to ramp production.  If we are unable to effectively produce new products or to transition outsourced production into our new Suzhou facility, we may be unable to meet demand for these products, and our margins on these products may decrease. There are risks in operating the Suzhou factory and expanding our competency in a rapidly evolving economy because, among other reasons, we may be unable to attract sufficient qualified personnel, intellectual property rights may not be enforced as we expect, power may not be available as contemplated or the like.  Should any of these risks occur, we may be unable to maximize the output from the facility and our financial results may decrease from our anticipated levels.  We also purchase a number of turnkey products directly from Asia. Further, the majority of our AEG products are manufactured either in our Dongguan, China manufacturing plant or manufactured by foreign vendors, primarily in China.  In addition, we assemble the majority of our ACG headsets in our manufacturing facility located in Tijuana, Mexico, and we obtain most of the components and sub-assemblies used in our products from various foreign suppliers.  The inherent risks of international operations, either in Mexico or in Asia, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The types of risks faced in connection with international operations and sales include, among others:
 
 
·
cultural differences in the conduct of business;
 
 
·
fluctuations in foreign exchange rates;
 
 
·
greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection and longer collection periods;
 
 
·
impact of recessions in economies outside of the United States;
 
 
·
reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;
 
 
·
unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
 
 
·
tariffs and other trade barriers;
 
 
 
·
political conditions in each country;
 
 
·
management and operation of an enterprise spread over various countries;
 
 
·
the burden and administrative costs of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws;
 
 
·
currency restrictions.
 
War, terrorism, public health issues or other business interruptions could disrupt supply, delivery or demand of products, which could negatively affect our operations and performance.
 
War, terrorism, public health issues or other business interruptions whether in the United States or abroad, have caused or could cause damage or disruption to international commerce by creating economic and political uncertainties that may have a strong negative impact on the global economy, our company, and our suppliers or customers.  Our major business operations are subject to interruption by earthquake, flood or other natural disasters, fire, power shortages, terrorist attacks, and other hostile acts, public health issues, and other events beyond our control.  Our corporate headquarters, information technology, manufacturing, certain research and development activities, and other critical business operations, are located near major seismic faults or flood zones.  While we are partially insured for earthquake-related losses or floods, our operating results and financial condition could be materially affected in the event of a major earthquake or other natural or manmade disaster.
 
Although it is impossible to predict the occurrences or consequences or any events, such as described above, such events could significantly disrupt our operations.  In addition, should major public health issues, including pandemics, arise, we could be negatively impacted by the need for more stringent employee travel restrictions, limitations in the availability of freight services, governmental actions limiting the movement of products between various regions, delays in production ramps of new products, and disruptions in the operations of our manufacturing vendors and component suppliers.  Our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected by these events.
 
We have intellectual property rights that could be infringed by others, and we are potentially at risk of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others.
 
Our success will depend in part on our ability to protect our copyrights, patents, trademarks, trade dress, trade secrets, and other intellectual property, including our rights to certain domain names. We rely primarily on a combination of nondisclosure agreements and other contractual provisions as well as patent, trademark, trade secret, and copyright laws to protect our proprietary rights. Effective trademark, patent, copyright, and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which our products and media properties are distributed to customers. We currently hold 199 United States patents and additional foreign patents and will continue to seek patents on our inventions when we believe it to be appropriate. The process of seeking intellectual property protection can be lengthy and expensive. Intellectual property may not be issued in response to our applications, and intellectual property that is issued may be invalidated, circumvented or challenged by others. If we are required to enforce our intellectual property or other proprietary rights through litigation, the costs and diversion of management's attention could be substantial. In addition, the rights granted under any intellectual property may not provide us competitive advantages or be adequate to safeguard and maintain our proprietary rights. Moreover, the laws of certain countries do not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. If we do not enforce and protect our intellectual property rights, it could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
 
We are exposed to potential lawsuits alleging defects in our products and/or other claims related to the use of our products.
 
The use of our products exposes us to the risk of product liability and hearing loss claims. These claims have in the past been, and are currently being, asserted against us. None of the previously resolved claims have materially affected our business, financial condition or results of operations, nor do we believe that any of the pending claims will have such an effect. Although we maintain product liability insurance, the coverage provided under our policies could be unavailable or insufficient to cover the full amount of any such claim. Therefore, successful product liability or hearing loss claims brought against us could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
Our mobile headsets are used with mobile telephones. There has been continuing public controversy over whether the radio frequency emissions from mobile telephones are harmful to users of mobile phones. We believe that there is no conclusive proof of any health hazard from the use of mobile telephones but that research in this area is incomplete. We have tested our headsets through independent laboratories and have found that use of our corded headsets reduces radio frequency emissions at the user's head to virtually zero. Our Bluetooth and other wireless headsets emit significantly less powerful radio frequency emissions than mobile phones. However, if research establishes a health hazard from the use of mobile telephones or public controversy grows even in the absence of conclusive research findings, there could be an adverse impact on the demand for mobile phones, which reduces demand for headset products.  Likewise, should research establish a link between radio frequency emissions and wireless headsets and public concern in this area grows, demand for our wireless headsets could be reduced creating a material adverse effect on our financial results.
 
There is also continuing and increasing public controversy over the use of mobile telephones by operators of motor vehicles. While we believe that our products enhance driver safety by permitting a motor vehicle operator to generally be able to keep both hands free to operate the vehicle, there is no certainty that this is the case, and we may be subject to claims arising from allegations that use of a mobile telephone and headset contributed to a motor vehicle accident. We maintain product liability insurance and general liability insurance that we believe would cover any such claims.  However, the coverage provided under our policies could be unavailable or insufficient to cover the full amount of any such claim. Therefore, successful product liability claims brought against us could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
There were no material developments in the first two quarters of fiscal year 2008 in the litigation on which we reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007.
 
Our business could be materially adversely affected if we lose the benefit of the services of key personnel.
 
Our success depends to a large extent upon the services of a limited number of executive officers and other key employees. The unanticipated loss of the services of one or more of our executive officers or key employees could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
We also believe that our future success will depend in large part upon our ability to attract and retain additional highly skilled technical, management, sales and marketing personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel, and our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
 
The adoption of voice-activated software may cause profits from our contact center products to decline.
 
We are seeing a proliferation of speech-activated and voice interactive software in the market place.  We have been re-assessing long-term growth prospects for the contact center market given the growth rate and the advancement of these new voice recognition-based technologies. Businesses that first embraced these technologies to resolve labor shortages at the peak of the last economic up cycle are now increasing spending on these technologies in order to reduce costs. We may experience a decline in our sales to the contact center market if businesses increase their adoption of speech-activated and voice interactive software as an alternative to customer service agents. Such adoption could cause a net reduction in contact center agents, and our revenues in this market could decline.
 
A significant portion of our profits comes from the contact center market, and a decline in demand in that market could materially adversely affect our results.  While we believe that this market may grow in future periods, this growth could be slow or revenues from this market could be flat or decline.  Deterioration in general economic conditions could result in a reduction in the establishment of new contact centers and in capital investments to expand or upgrade existing centers, which could negatively affect our business. Because of our reliance on the contact center market, we will be affected more by changes in the rate of contact center establishment and expansion and the communications products used by contact center agents  than would a company serving a broader market. Any decrease in the demand for contact centers and related headset products could cause a decrease in the demand for our products, which would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
 
While we believe we currently have adequate internal control over financial reporting, we are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any adverse results from such evaluation could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have an adverse effect on our stock price.
 
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Section 404) our management is required to report on, and our independent registered public accounting firm to attest to, the effectiveness of our internal control over for financial reporting. We have an ongoing program to perform the system and process evaluation and testing necessary to comply with these requirements.
 
We have and will continue to incur significant expenses and management resources for Section 404 compliance on an ongoing basis. In the event that our chief executive officer, chief financial officer or independent registered public accounting firm determine in the future that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective as defined under Section 404, investor perceptions may be adversely affected and could cause a decline in the market price of our stock.
 
Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law and our adoption of a stockholder rights plan may delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us, which could decrease the value of our stock.
 
Our board of directors has the authority to issue preferred stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting and conversion rights, of those shares without any further vote or action by the stockholders. The issuance of our preferred stock could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire us. In addition, we are subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which could also have the effect of delaying or preventing our acquisition by a third party. Further, certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws could delay or make more difficult a merger, tender offer or proxy contest, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
 
In 2002, our board of directors adopted a stockholder rights plan, pursuant to which we distributed one right for each outstanding share of common stock held by stockholders of record as of April 12, 2002. Because the rights may substantially dilute the stock ownership of a person or group attempting to take us over without the approval of our board of directors, the plan could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, or a significant percentage of our outstanding capital stock, without first negotiating with our board of directors regarding such acquisition.
 
 
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
We have a credit agreement with a major bank containing covenants which limit our ability to pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock except under certain conditions.  We believe that we will continue to meet the conditions that make the payment of cash dividends permissible pursuant to the credit agreement in the near future.  The actual declaration of future dividends and the establishment of record and payment dates is subject to final determination by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of Plantronics each quarter after its review of our financial performance.
 
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
 
a.
The 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Plantronics, Inc. was held at Plantronics Headquarters, 345 Encinal St. Santa Cruz, CA on August 17, 2007 (the "Annual Meeting").
 
 
b.
At the Annual Meeting, the following seven individuals were elected to the Company's Board of Directors:
 
Nominee
 
Votes Cast For
 
Withheld or Against
         
Marvin Tseu
 
39,678,503
 
5,668,889
         
Ken Kannappan
 
45,149,525
 
197,867
         
Gregg Hammann
 
39,765,068
 
5,582,325
         
John Hart
 
39,768,284
 
5,579,108
         
Marshall Mohr
 
45,217,165
 
130,227
         
Trude Taylor
 
39,571,713
 
5,775,679
         
Roger Wery
 
43,849,039
 
1,498,353
 
48

 
 
c.
The following additional proposals were considered at the Annual Meeting and were approved by the vote of the stockholders, in accordance with the tabulation shown below:
 
(1) Proposal to ratify and approve an increase of 1,7000,000 shares of Common Stock of Plantronics, Inc. issuable under the 2003 Stock Plan.
 
Votes For
 
Votes Against/Withheld
   
Abstain
   
Broker Non-Vote
 
                   
23,140,934
   
17,521,776
     
12,836
     
4,684,511
 
 
(2) Proposal to ratify and approve amendments to the 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which include an increase of 400,000 shares of Common Stock of Plantronics, Inc. issuable thereunder.
 
Votes For
 
Votes Against/Withheld
   
Abstain
   
Broker Non-Vote
 
                   
39,762,116
   
875,021
     
8,409
 
   
4,684,511
 
 
(3) Proposal to ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of Plantronics for fiscal year 2008.

Votes For
 
Votes Against/Withheld
   
Abstain
   
Broker Non-Vote
 
                   
44,680,490
   
673,499
     
6,067
     
-
 
 
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
We have filed the following documents as Exhibits to this Form 10-Q:

Certification of the President and CEO Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
   
Certification of Senior VP, Finance and Administration, and CFO Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
   
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

 
SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
PLANTRONICS, INC.
   
     
 Date: November 7, 2007
By: 
/s/ Barbara V. Scherer
 
Barbara V. Scherer
 
Senior Vice President - Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer
   
   (Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer of the Registrant)
 
 
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